巻号一覧
24 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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田中 小治郎1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 701-704
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present study was carried out to establish an artificial culturing method of the Conchocelis-phase of Porphyra tenera in the sea.
85 oyster-shells (Ostrea denselamellosa) already invaded by the Conchocelis in the apparatus reported by the author (1957), were joined together into a set by passing a steel wire (about 150cm in length) through a hole bored in the center of each shell. In other cases about 5cm bumboo tubes were inserted between the shells in order to separate them. In the latter a set was made up of about 30 shells.
These sets were tied at the both ends of the wires to the tared ropes with sinkers stretched from pile to pile on the bottom of the sea. This was done in order to leave a space between neighboring sets, to prevent buried in the bottom sand and also prevent them from being carried away by the waves.
The results may be summarised as follows:
1. It was found that by the present method the filamentous thalli of P. tenera show normal development and spore formation from spring to autumn in the sea.
2. It was found that some of the fouling organisms that adhered to the surface of shells in the present method can be easily cleaned away.
3. It is presumed that the formation of the monosporangial branches on the filamentous thalli starts in early June.
4. It is presumed that the liberation of monospores begins about the end of September.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1565K) -
ハチApistus carinatus (T. et S.)の鱗の特異性小林 久雄1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 705-707
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe rock fish, Apistus carinatus, forming Apistinae with one genus and one species in systematics is readily distinguishable from species of other subfamilies, owing to its singular ctenoid scales in Scorpaenoid fishes.
The conspicuous scale characters of the fish are the shape and arrangement of its spines (or rather projections), viz., a few rootless spines are arranged in a line. The middle part of the spines has a lengthwise ridge, tapering to a niblike form. In these points, the scale presents an entirely different aspect when compared with that of Sebastinae with rasp type in arrangement, those of Scorpaenopsis cirrhosa and Scorpaena izensis in Scorpaeninae with Gobiidae type, or those, which are cycloid, of Setarches in Setarchinae, Pteroinae and Congiopodidae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (174K) -
三谷 文夫1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 708-713
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the present paper are considered some characteristics of the shoals of the yellow-tail, Seriola quinqueradiata T. & S., which are migrating to Meshima Fishing Ground around the Danjo Islands in the East China Sea off Nagasaki, Japan. The author has based these characteristics on the close examination of the gonads of the fish caught in April and May, 1958. By the way, yellow-tails are then in season in that locality. The region around the Islands is oceanographically interesting to us for its high temperature with a narrow annual range and its high transparency ranging from 15 to 30m, as is seen from Table 1. The author can safely conjecture that the fish which migrate to the fishing ground just referred to between mid-April and early May are ready to spawn, judging from the fully ripe gonads they have, though most of the fish are medium-sized ones ranging from 70 to 85cm in fork length, or from 4.9 to 9.7kg in body weight. Their eggs spawned in the region may go up north carried by the Tsushima Current and grow up to be the resources in the Japan Sea. But larger fish more than 85cm in length, or over 9.7kg in weight, which are caught early in the season in the same fishing ground, are found to be ‘immature’, so far as the maturity grade of their gonads is concerned. They may migrate down to the south for spawning, and the greater part of the eggs spawned there may drift with the Kuroshio Current, adding finally to the resources in the Pacific. As for smaller fish ranging from 60 to 70cm in length, or from 3.4 to 4.9kg in weight, they do not spawn in the same fishing ground, but go up north after mid-May. Their eggs spawned there may bid fair to increase the resources in the Japan Sea. The body-size composition and maturity grade of the fish which come migrating to Meshima are diagrammatically shown in Fig. 2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (507K) -
判定規準のカキヘの適用性について浅川 末三1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 714-718
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーD. R. value was measured on the Japanese oyster, Ostrea (Crassostrea) gigas THUNBERG, during the course of the deterioration of its freshness by the method described in the preced-ing papers of this series. The results indicated that (1) the D. R. value of very fresh oys-ter is smaller than that of fish flesh, (2) the value decreases rapidly as the freshness lowers, and (3) there is no relationship between D. R. value and the freshness (Tables 1-3).
The foregoing statement on the results is based on the following facts: (1) D. R. value was decreased by the presence of such a large amount of glycogen as is found in oyster (Tables 4 and 5), (2) there exists much differences between the composition of lower volatile acids produced during spoilage of oyster and that of ordinary fish flesh (Table 6), (3) in the case of oyster, higher volatile acids precipitated in the distillate, causing the D. R. value to decrease rapidly with the deterioration of freshness. Thus, D. R. value and freshness showed no correlation in oyster on account of the high glycogen content of the body and the various kinds of acids distilled out.
From the above, it was concluded that the “D. R. standard scale” previously proposed for fish flesh can not be applied to oyster, and no substitute standard scale was proposed for oyster.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (398K) -
橋本 周久, 松浦 文雄1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 719-723
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. It was shown electrophoretically that multiple Hb's occur in blood of some fishes such as yellowtail, salmon, trout, and carp.
2. The heterogeneity of salmon Hb was further confirmed in tests of solubility, heat stability, and chromatographic behavior.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (308K) -
橋本 周久, 松浦 文雄1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 724-729
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. It was found that there are two Hb's (component F and S) in blood of chum salmon, the ratio of these Hb's in amount being almost constant (component F 55 to component S 45).
2. Component F and S were separated from each other by means of starch electrophoresis and some properties were compared with each other. Component S is less anionic electrophoretically, more soluble in phosphate buffer, more resistant to heat coagulation, and moved slower in column chromatography than component F. The near ultraviolet spectra of component F shift towards longer wavelengths than those of component S.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1049K) -
ミオグロビン及びへモグロビンの熱凝固性の比較松浦 文雄, 橋本 周久, 春田 直久1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 730-734
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHeat coagulability of myoglobin (Mb) and hemoglobin (Hb) of some fishes was compared under the conditions described below. Mb or Hb aq. solution was mixed with phosphate buffer to obtain a final concentration of pigment of 0.075%, and a final concentration and a final pH value of buffer, 0.2M and 6.7, respectively. These conditions were based on the results of preliminary experiments (cf. Figs. 1 and 2). The solution of various derivatives of pigment was prepared by ordinary methods, using 1 drop of 1% ferricyanide solution as oxidizing agent, 3mg. of solid KCN for cyanmet formation, and 3mg. of solid Na2S2O4 as reducer, per 5ml. of the solution.
The subsequent procedure is essentially the same as that of BETKE7). Each 5ml. of the solution was pipetted into test tubes (16×ll0mm.), the tubes being stoppered with rubber stoppers and kept immersed in an ice-water bath. After heating at various temperatures in a water bath for 5min., each tube was immersed immediately in the ice-water bath again, and the concentration of pigment in the supernatant determined spectrophotometrically. Then a curve (termed heat coagulation curve) is obtained by plotting the remaining amounts of pig-ment against the temperatures. The heat coagulation curves of both pigments are shown in Fig. 3. The noticeable points of these results are as follows:
(1) The positions of heat coagulation curves were different among species, Mb and Hb, and derivatives, and the slope of curve of Mb was generally steeper than that of Hb.
(2) On both Mb and Hb, met form was the most heat sensitive, followed by cyanmet form, while carbonyl and reduced forms were comparatively stable.
(3) Each derivative of Hb in a species coagulated at far lower temperatures than the cor-responding one of Mb, and this tendency was marked in met and cyanmet forms.
(4) Species specificity of Mb in heat coagulability was fairly evident, which makes it possi-ble to divide the fishes tested into two groups; a group having heat resistant Mb such as tuna, bonito, and swordfish, and another group having heat irresistible Mb such as yellowtail, saury-pike, and mackerel. Both Mb and Hb of horse, studied for reference, were found to be very heat resistant as compared with the pigments of fish.
(5) Under the conditions employed, however, there was a limit of temperature beyond which no further coagulation of pigment was measured, in the case of Mb of bonito, swordfish, and horse.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (417K) -
アミノ燐脂質について片田 宗男, 座間 宏一, 五十嵐 久尚1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 735-738
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe phosphoaminolipids obtained from cephalins of the muscle of a tuna, Thynnus orientalis, were converted to their dinitrophenyl (DNP) derivatives and applied to the chromatographic separation with a silicic acid/celite (2:1) column and chloroform/methanol to yield a DNP-ethanolamine-containing lipid (I), and amino acid-containing lipids (II), which gave a DNP-serine-containing lipid (II-a) and a mixture of DNP-serine-containing and DNP-threonine-containing lipids (II-b) by rechromatography. Hydrolysis of I with hydrochloric acid yielded DNP-ethanolamine, which gave free ethanolamine by decomposing with concentrated ammonium hydroxide. DNP-serine and-threonine, and free serine and threonine were isolated and identified with the same manner from II-a and II-b respectively. Periodate oxidation of the threonine fraction obtained from DNP-threonine of II-b gave acetaldehyde and glyoxylic acid. Component fatty acids of each fraction were found to be palmitic and oleic acids by paper chromatography. The presence of palmitoyloleoylglycerylphosphoryl esters of ethanolamine, serine and threonine can be supposed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (334K) -
複含脂質について座間 宏一, 片田 宗男, 五十嵐 久尚1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 739-742
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーUnfertilized and fertilized (after 24 hours) salmon eggs, previously treated with acetone, were successively extracted with ethanol, petroleum ether and finally with boiling ethanol to yield lecithins, cephalins and sphingolipids as shown in Fig. 1.
Properties of these lipids and component acids of lecithins shown in Table 1-4 indicated no marked difference between the corresponding lipid fractions of both eggs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (241K) -
豊水 正道, 榎本 則行, 富安 行雄1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 743-748
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMuch attention has been given recently to the biological activity of unsaturated fatty acids. The present paper concerns the antibiotic action of unsaturated quaternary ammonium salts and their preparation method with a view to utilizing fish oil.
The preparation process is as follows:
fish oil or methyl ester of fish oil → alcohol → bromide → triethylammonium bromide → pyridinium bromide
During the above process, the decrease of iodine value is remarkable (ca. 40%), especially in the alcoholization process (ca. 30%) (table 2).
Regarding the antibiotic activity of quaternary ammonium bromides against Candida albicans, the activity of triethylammonium bromides is the same as that of corresponding pyridinium bromides. The activity of unsaturated quaternary ammonium bromides is affected by the carbon chain length and the degrees of unsaturation in the long carbon chain, whereas that of saturated compounds is influenced only by the carbon chain length. Any lengthening carbon chain more than C16 weakens the activity and an increase of unsaturation enhances it. But it seems that these influencing factors tend to interfere with each other, because there is not any remarkable difference in the antibiotic activity of the six unsaturated quaternary ammonium bromides prepared from methyl esters of calamary oil (table 3).
Triethylammonium bromide prepared from sardine oil inhibits the growth of fungi at 1:310, 000 except Rhizopus japonicus and that of yeasts and bacteria at 1:1600, 000 except Pseudomonas fluorescens, Proteus vulgaris and Escherichia coli (table 4). It is indicated by comparison that the activity of unsaturated quaternary ammonium bromides is superior to that of unsaturated fatty acids or oxidized fatty acids. The facts that the surface of microorganism is, as a rule, negatively charged, and that the unsaturated group of quaternary ammonium bromides in aqueous solution is found in the positively charged portion, may be regarded to have an important role in causing their highly antibiotic activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (506K) -
斎藤 恒行, 榎本 則行, 松吉 実1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 749-750
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (105K) -
右田 正男, 松本 重一郎, 青江 憲道1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 751-759
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIntending to know whether the quantitative relationship of water-extractable proteins to non-myosins in muscle is correlated with the development of SB in its aqueous extract, a comparative study was made with muscles of some Mollusca, Crustacea, fishes and bull-frog.
(1) Muscles of used animals were found to be practically grouped into three types: Mollusca-, Crustacea-, and Fish-types (cf. Table 4).
(2) In Mollusca-type muscles SB was detected in aqueous extracts and water soluble proteins far exceed non-myosins in amount (∑S>N).
(3) In fish and Crustacea-types SB was not detectable in aqueous extracts, and ∑S ?? N in the former but ∑S>or ?? N in the latter.
(4) Intensity of SB of salt extracts was apparently greater in Cephalopada and Crustacea than in fishes.
(5) Muscles showed each characteristic pattern corresponding to the three types also in aspects of precipitates spun down in aqueous extraction mixture.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (518K) -
清水 千秋, 福原 忠信1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 760-764
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe blood of mackerel oxidizes the linoleic acid, and the oxidizing action of the blood is caused by the catalytic action of hemin pigment and lipoxidase-like enzyme (Fig. 1).
As mentioned above hemin oxidizes the linoleic acid (vitamin F), but it does not oxidize sorbic acid, eleostearic acid and squalene. These acids and the hydrocarbon are oxidized by the oxide of linoleic acid. The oxides of sorbic acid, eleostearic acid and squalene oxidize the carotinoid pigment as the oxide of the linoleic acid (Fig. 2, 3).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (192K) -
ねり製品の酸化還元電位横関 源延1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 765-769
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt has been reported in the preceding paper that strict aerobes failed to grow inside of fish-jelly products, where the growth of certain facultative anaerobes or facultative aerobes took place and that the presence of an anaerobic state could be presumed in the structure of the food.
This time, in order to ascertain the relation, oxidation-reduction potential was determined as an index of anaerobic condition kept in various kinds of fish-jelly products.
The measurement was done electrometrically with a Beckman pH meter, attached with a platinum-calomel electrode system, as shown in Fig. 1. The oxidation-reduction potential found in Hanpen, a very soft and porous fish-jelly, was only an exception which indicated positive value, while the most of other items such as Kamaboko, Satsumaage and fish sausage showed Eh between -0.100 and -0.250 volts or rH value of 4.5 to 9.7 (Table 2).
It is quite understandable that these observed change in the oxidation-reduction potential during storage was much more remarkable near the surface of the products than the core of those, where the initial value was being kept for a pretty long time.
Particularly, fish sausage which generally stuffed in rather impermeable casing, made of rubber hydrochloride or vinylidene chloride film, showed a very stable value of oxidation-reduction potential even in the sample tested after two weeks'storage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (359K) -
東 秀雄, 村山 繁雄, 簗瀬 正明, 田部井 菊子1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 770-775
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe pantothenic acid (PA) content in the tissues of various kinds of fish and shellfish has been determined by microbiological assay (SKEGGS, H. R. and WRIGHT, L. D., 1944) using Lactobacillus arabinosus as the test microbe.
1. Among the tissues of fish so far examined, the gonad is most potent in the PA content, and both the dark colored meat and the liver rank next. Whereas, the PA level in the ordinary meat is poor except the case of flounders, whose ordinary meat contains more PA than the liver (Table 1).
2. In the common mackerel, Scomber japonicus, the quantitative ratios of PA in the meat (both ordinary and dark), gonad and liver to the total PA contents are about 70, 10, and 5% respectively (Table 2).
3. The individual differences of the PA content in the ordinary meat and the liver are little among the same species. It seems that the ordinary meat of fish with a greater locomotion contains PA more abundantly than that of bottom fish or less locomotive ones (Table 3).
4. The level of PA in soft parts of bivalves is generally between those in the liver and the ordinary meat of usual fish. It is worth noting that the muscle of abalone is found with very rich PA content (Table 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (357K) -
東 秀雄, 村山 繁雄, 簗瀬 正明, 田部井 菊子1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 776-780
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMicrobiological estimation (TEPLY, L. J. and ELVEHJEM, C. A., 1945) of the amounts of folic acid (FA) has been carried out by the use of Streptococcus faecalis as the test microbe. The specimens of fish used in the present study were almost the same that were delt with in the preceding work for the pantothenic acid content. From the results shown in the tables it has been revealed that:
1. This member of vitamin is abundantly held in visceral tissues of fish, especially in the liver, kidney, and spleen, but low in the meat (Table 1).
2. In the common mackerel, Scomber japonicus, the quantitative ratios of FA in the liver and the meat to the total in all tissues are about 30 and 20%, respectively (Table 2).
3. Among the same species, the individual difference of the FA content is not appreciable in the ordinary meat, but occasionaly large in the liver. A group of fish with large locomo-tive power generally stores more FA in the liver than the other less locomotive or living on the bottom (Table 3).
4. Apparently there are two groups of fish showing parallelism between the FA content and the pantothenic acid content in the body. One group when they hold a larger amount of pantothenic acid in the meat than the other, they also show a higher level of FA in the liver and/or in the meat than the other (Table 4).
5. The level of FA in the soft parts of bivalves is generally between those in the liver and the ordinary meat of fish with a moderate FA potency. The liver of top shell, Turbo cornutus, contains FA at an extremely high level (Table 5).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (320K) -
平尾 秀一, 菊地 嶺1959 年 24 巻 9 号 p. 781
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (90K)
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