巻号一覧
26 巻, 10 号
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藤谷 超1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 955-959
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) The effects of the tailings utilized in the flotation process on the shell-fish, seaweeds and plankton distribution were studied.
2) On the shell-fish, the tailings of suspension type would give few influence on them; but their deposit would affect on the physiological function of the clam when it reached more than 1cm. depth on the bottom.
3) On the seaweeds, the effective dose would be presumed to be 0.4-0.8 per cent of water, and its cause was the decline of light penetration through water with tailings.
4) On the plankton distribution, although it could not be understood clearly, it would not be favorable for the products that the plankton was on the decrease in water. Therefore it would not be ignored in actual cases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (290K) -
板沢 靖男1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 960-965
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe eels in a culture pond ordinarily live near the bottom of the pond, but when the water becomes deficient in dissolved oxygen they come up to the surface, and in the extreme case they creep up to the margin of pond. The critical content of dissolved oxygen at which the eels presented symptoms of dyspnoea or surfacing is discussed. Roughly speaking, when the dissolved oxygen was less than 0.5cc/l, 10%, surfacing was observed, when the value was above l cc/l, 20%, it was not observed, and in 0.5-1cc/l, 10-20%, it was sometimes obser-ved and sometimes was not.
Eels sometimes presented a phenomenon somewhat like creeping in the extreme case of surfacing when sea water flowed into the pond.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (442K) -
物理的な手段の影響について鈴木 茂, 増山 忠俊1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 966-973
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) Whitening or opalescence changes of the central nervous system were observed in the death of Salangichthys microdon BLEEKER, whatever kind of the physical cause may be used. This change appeared first of all at the boundary of cerebrum and optic lobes, and the whitening of the latter appeared and proceeds completely independently from the former.
2) When the spinal cord was cut off, the whitening appeared instantly at the site of the cut of the nerve and the boundary of cerebrum and optic lobes became white stimutaneously, but the appearance of the whitening at the site of cut of the muscles is delayed.
3) The whitening of the digestive tract followed that in brain and the spinal cord.
The authors are ?? grateful to Prof. Katsuo AKAGI of Nihon Medical College for his technical advices.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2120K) -
藤谷 超1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 974-980
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) The application of the dehydrogenating reaction to evaluate the effects of industrial wastes upon oysters was studied.
2) It was recognized that applying the reaction to the physiological experiment concerned with water pollution is significant.
3) It may be difficult to evaluate the effects of all kinds of industrial wastes, because some materials interrupted the reaction, but this method may be available if any treatment would be tried in order to put off the materials from the samples before incubation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (353K) -
遡河期シロサケの間腎組織について小栗 幹郎1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 981-984
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHistological investigations were made on the interrenal tissues of chum salmon, O. keta, collected from river and from the Pacific Ocean. The hyperplasia and hypertrophy of interrenal tissues were observed in the chum salmon coming up river to spawn. Accordingly, it is evident that the interrenal tissue is hyperfunctioning during migration to river for spawning.
The author wishes to express his cordial thanks to Prof. Y. SUYEHIRO and Assoc. Prof. T. HIBIYA, Tokyo University for their kind advice and encouragement. He is also indebted to Messrs. S. MORITA and K. TAKAGI, Hokkaido Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, for the facilities they gave him during the collection of these specimens.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1226K) -
永田 正1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 985-988
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn experiment to record the strain-stress curve of netting cords suffering impact force communicated by a falling weight has been attempted, by use of a cathode ray oscillograph. The results obtained are as follows:
The strain-stress curves of the 20's 3/12 cotton cord for various conditions are as shown in Fig. 2.
The strain-strees curve described by a cotton cord broken by repeated blows is as shown in Fig. 3. The result announced by TAUTI for repeated blow test may be reasonably explained from the observation of this curve.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (183K) -
未知因子の分離法およびその性質柿本 大宅1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 989-995
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA process for extracting the unknown factor from pyloric coeca of skipjack was schemed out as shown in Fig. 1.
A preliminarily obtained crystalline crude preparation (Fraction I) was divided into two fractions according to the solubility in a mixture of alcohol and ether.
Aside from the insoluble fraction (Fraction II) a soluble fraction (Fraction III) which also proved as crystallizable was further fractionated into the fraction (Fraction IV) adsorbed on a cation-exchanger, Amberlite IRA-400.
The aforesaid five fractions were examined of their promotive effect on the acid formation of Leuc. citrovorum on the one hand and of their ultraviolet absorption on the other.
The crystalline but still crude preparation obtained as Fraction IV seemed to have advanced fairly in purity, strongly activating Leuc. citrovorum even at a concentration of 40mγ/cc.
Mutual comparison of ultraviolet absorption spectra of said five fractions has led to a conclusion that no special absorption peak can be assigned to the unknown factor, though absorption in the range of shorter wave lengths was gradually enhanced with the advance of purification (see Fig. 4)
Ionoelectrophoretic runs were carried out with Fraction IV, patterns resembling those of CF and folinic acid, respectively, being obtained (Fig. 5).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (394K) -
未知因子粗結晶の性質柿本 大壱1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 996-1000
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThrough bioassay of a crude but crystalline preparation of the unknown factor the following facts were ascertained:
1) The unknown factor contains none of the known B vitamins, though it resembles folic acid in animating S. faecalis; the absence of folic acid has already been confirmed from? the study of ultraviolet absorption.
2) The unknown factor promotes the growths of Pediococcus-884 and Pediococcus-1754.
3) The unknown factor can promote the growth of Leuc. citrovorum far more strongly than the nucleoside and the like obtainable through the hydrolysis of thimidine and desoxyribonucleic acid both known as the materials promoting the growth of Leuc. citrovorum.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (332K) -
魚肉のAMPdeaminaseについて日高 富男, 斎藤 要1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1001-1005
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper the authors dealt with the AMPdeaminase activity of some fractions extracted from carp and mackerel muscle.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) AMPdeaminase activity was similarly found in both actomyosin fraction and water extract II fraction which prepared by KALCKAR's method, while ATPase activity was not observed in the latter.
2) The enzymic characteristics of AMPdeaminase activity (such as opt. pH and opt. temp.) was found to be almost identical in both fractions. The optimum pH of the activity lay at pH 6.5, the optimum temperature being 38°C. The activity was not lost completely even by exposene to 50°C. for 30 minutes. At the concentration of 0.01-0.001 mol/l Ca++ and Mg++ showed no effect on the enzymic action, but Cu++ and Ag+ inhibited the activity even in very low concentration.
3) In case of the fish muscle kept at 25°C., it was observed that AMPdeaminase activity of water extract II fraction increased with time so far as the experiment was concerned (from 5 to 12 hours after its death).
On the basis of some experimental evidences, it was suggested that ammonia accumulation during autolysis was caused, at least in part, by deamination of AMP.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (311K) -
澱粉分解酵素およびエステル分解酵素について高橋 喬1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1006-1009
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーConcerning the enzymes of viscera of cuttle-fish, the previous papers of this series1), 2) dealt with the proteolytic enzymes of digestive organs. In the present investigations the enzy-matic hydrolysis of starch and buthyl-acetate by the extracts of the digestive organs were studied. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1) The optimal pH for the starch hydrolysis by the extracts of such digestive organs as liver, blind sac and intestine, stomach, and pancreas was about 6.2 in common. The optimal temperature for the starch hydrolysis at the optimal pH by the extract of liver lay in the range of 40°-45°C; of blind and intestine, 45°-50°C; of stomach, 45°-50°C; of pancreas, 40°-45°C (Figs. 1 and 2).
2) The optimal pH for the hydrolysis of buthyl-acetate by the exract of each organ was about 7.4. The optmal temperature for the hydrolysis of buthyl-acetate at the optimal pH by the extracts of these organs was 30°C in common (Figs. 3 and 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (307K) -
「アオノリ」,「アナアオサ」の季節に関する生化学的研究三田 喜代1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1010-1012
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBesides the routine components of frond, vitamin B1 contents of Enteromorpha compressa and Ulva pertusa were measured especially in the point of view of seasonal variation. The specimens employed were collected from the respective flora growing on a jetty of Ujina har-bor in Hiroshima Bay on the 21st every month during the period of 6 to 7 months. They were submitted to analysis as soon as possible after their collection.
As seen from the tables presented elsewhere, fronds of said species of green algae both contain fairly large amounts of crude protein, crude ash and total vitamin B1 but only very small quantities of fatty matters. While the contents of these substances as estimated by chemical analysis show more or less remarkable variations according to the time of the year, those of Enteromorpha compressa appear to be particularly sensible to a change of seasons. Said analytical peculiality of this alga may likely be the counterpart of its physiological sensibility to the environmental conditions according to which the metabolism of Enteromor-pha compressa is very often possible to give rise to the known morphological varieties.
Considered in the aspect of vitamin B1 content, the results telling that the usually inferior ester form becomes predominant over the free B1 in March and May and even to twice in amount in the latter month seem to be physiologically suggestive. As to the best season for the collection of these algae, it may be said that December and May are recommendable for Enteromorpha compressa and Ulva pertusa, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (208K) -
「アオノリ」,「アナアオサ」の貯蔵に関する生化学的研究三田 喜代1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1013-1015
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWhat means is adopted is a grave subject in the storage of see weeds collected for food, since the period during which they are possible to be collected under the most advantageous condition is limited to a certain short time of the year.
The author examined the results of four readily practicable means by which specimens of Enteromorpha compressa and Ulva pertusa were stored in stoppered bottles at room tempera-ture as (1) dried and powdered, (2) dried in their original forms, (3) the same as (2) but in a vacuum of 20 mmHg and (4) sealed in cellophane bags and sterilized. Preservative effects of these four methods were compared with one another in reference to the results of the general analysis, vitamin B1 contents and organoleptic responses.
According to the results obtained, the method (1) is not recommendable because the total protein and total vitamine B1 diminished rather promptly. It was moreover attended by a loss of flavor and decolorization of specimens as a result of oxidation. The effect of the method (2) was not far from that of the method (1). The storing methods (3) and (4) on the other hand proved to be far superior to the former two and allowed the specimens of algae to keep their chemical constituents thus far estimated almost perfectly unchanged. The specimens were also protected from loss of flavor as well as from undergoing decolorization.
As to the change in chemical composition which occurs in the specimens of algae under storage, it was found with Enteromorpha compressa as well as with Ulva pertusa that their contents of total protein and vitamin B1 tended to decrease somewhat rapidly in the early five months of storage period, while any remarkable changes were scarcely observed in the contents of crude fat, possibly owing to their small original values in the both algae. Organoleptic judgment told, however, that the fatty matters contained were not completely protected from undergoing some slow changes.
The fact that Enteromorpha compressa is inferior in preservability to Ulva pertusa as seen from the analytical results presented may also be numerated into the indications of physiological dissimilarity of these fronds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (185K) -
クロマトグラフによるビタミンＤ定量法の改良山川 健重, 岩崎 喜久子1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1016-1025
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn a method for determining vitamin D in animal oils, proposed by Ewing et all). and modified by Numata2), 3), the oil is saponified, sterols removed by precipitation in cooled methanol and vitamin A removed by chromatography with Superfiltrol (SPF). Vitamin D is then determined spectrophotometrically after adding SbCl3 reagent. The absorption values at 500 mμ are compared to samples of vitamin D put thorough same process.
In the present work, adsorption on weakened alumina (10% water in alumina) was intro-duced as a further purification process after chromatography and before addition of SbCl3. The absorption values of unknown samples and reference vitamin D samles were determined at 490mμ, 500mμ and 508mμ and the following formula was obtained which eliminates the need for vitamin D reference material. E5oomμ (corrected) =E5oomμ (observed 60 seconds after addition of SbCl3) × ƒ ƒ=7-3.ll × E490mμ (observed)/E500mμ (observed) - 3.89 × E500mμ (observed)/E500mμ (observed)
The method under report was found applicable to samples containing vitamin D at a level as low as 1/550 of the vitamin A content (Table 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (479K) -
加熱による糖含量の変化と褐変永山 文男1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1026-1031
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo know the role of sugar in the, browning reaction, change of free reducing sugar content of fish flesh during heat processing was investigated.
Browning of fish flesh seemed to be independent of reducing sugar content (Table 1). Although amount of glucose, ribose, or total reducing sugars were decreased generally by autoclaving (Table 2), no linear correlation between the decreased amount of reducing sugar and the degree of browning of fish flesh. Also, no linear correlation was found between the content of free glucose or ribose and the degree of browning (Tables 3 and 4).
From these results, it is supposed that the differences of the degrees of browning among various species of fish are not only due to the content of free ribose or glucose, but due to another factors such as amino compounds which will combine with sugars.
The loss of sugars in the flesh by autoclaving was more or less greater in chopped state than in block (Table 5), but it appeared that there were no clear relationship between the state of flesh and the degree of browning. Browning of fish flesh by heat process is considered to be induced by the sugar-amino (protein) reaction.
It was tried to establish the indication of degree of browning by measurement of reflectance value (Table 7).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (402K) -
内藤 幸次, 橋本 芳郎1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1032-1035
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHexadecanol, together with the less amount of tetradecanol, was found to occupy the greater part of fatty alcohols in pollack viscera oil. Two monoethenoid alcohols were isolated as minor components, and identified as Δ10-eicosenol and Δ11-docosenol, respectively. This may be the first finding of the occurrence of Δ10-eicosenol in marine animal oils.
Unsaponifiable matters (364g) obtained from commercial pollack viscera oil (29.7kg) were dissolved in about one litre of acetone and left stand overnight to remove the most part of sterols. The remaining liquid unsaponifiables (198g) were acetylated, and divided into five fractions by distillation under the reduced pressure, as shown in Table 1. Alcohols in each fraction were purified by alumina column chromatography and fractional crystallization from acetone at low temperature.
From the fractions I and II, tetradecanol (m.p. and mixed m.p. 37.8°C) and hexadecanol (m.p. and mixed m.p. 49.5°C) were obtained. They were also derived to phenylurethane or α-naphthylurethane for identification.
Colorless plates (m.p. 24.5-25.0°C) from the fraction III, were identified as Δ10-eisocenol, by obtaining eicosanol (m.p. 65-66°C) on the hydrogenation in the presence of palladium black and two decomposition products, capric and sebacic acids, on the oxidation with potassium permanganate and chromic acid. By the similar method, the monoethenoid alcohol from the fraction IV, was identified as Δ11-docosenol (m.p. 31.5°C), which gave docosanol (m.p. 70-70.5°C) on hydrogenation and both undecanoic and undecadioic acids on oxidation.
From the fractions III, IV and V, the considerable amounts of cholesterol and cholesta-3, 5-diene, a pyrolysis product of cholesteryl acetate, were isolated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (343K) -
内藤 幸次, 徳田 節子, 橋本 芳郎1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1036-1039
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWhen the solid part of acetylated unsaponifiables from pollack viscera oil was distilled at 2 mmHg, a considerable amount of needles (m.p. 78°C) was obtained from the distillate up to 238°C and they were identified as cholesta-3, 5-diene by the estimation of elemental composition, molecular weight, rotation and ultraviolet absorption spectrum (Fig. 1). This substance, however, was proved to be an artefact due to the pyrolysis of cholesteryl acetate, as the hydrocarbon was not detected in the same unsaponifiables from pollack viscera oil, when for fractionation the alumina column chromatography was applied instead of distillation procedure. As shown in Table 1, on the other hand, cholesteryl acetate was found to decompose easily on heating without any catalyst and to give cholesta-3, 5-diene in good yield. The pyrolysis temperature was considerably lower than the recorded ones on cholesterol or other cholesteryl derivatives.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (271K) -
鴻巣 章二, 松浦 文雄1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1040-1049
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. The barium hydroxide digestion gave the higher tryptophan value than the sodium hydroxide digestion.
2. The values obtained by the microbiological and chromatographic assay technic were in good agreement.
3. It was proved that tryptophan content of fish meat can be determined with a great satisfaction by the microbiological method after hydrolysis with barium hydroxide.
4. The amount of tryptophan in raw fish flesh ranged from 1.25 to 1.35% and variation among the species of fish was quite small.
5. Tryptophan content of canned and salt-dried fish meats was almost at the same level as that of raw meat.
6. Fish meat is as excellent as beef, pork or chicken in supplying tryptophan.
7. The recommended dietary allowance for Japanese made by the Resources Council of the Science and Technic Agency was criticized on the basis of these results.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (650K) -
山本 忠1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 1050-1058
発行日: 1960/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (759K) -
1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. e1a
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (28K) -
1960 年 26 巻 10 号 p. e1b
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (28K)
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