巻号一覧
28 巻, 5 号
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岡 正雄1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 477-483
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe numerical estimation of stock capacity in the fishing ground affected by “Gyosho”, which is a kind of artificial reef being use to increase the stock of fish, is supposed to be essential studies on its structure and setting.
For this subject the author tried to analyse the catch data in the fishing ground by the mathematical method originated in its fundamental observations, and a following differential equation on the stock and fishing effort was assumed.
dS/dt=kN(C-S)=fS, df/dt=a-h(C-S)f,
where, C-capacity of “Gyosho”. S-stock remained in “Gyosho”. N-density of population migrated in this ground. f-fishing coefficient. a-the most strong level of the increasing tendency of fishing. others-coefficients.
But, in the state of equilibrium between stock and fishing effort, the coefficient ?? may be shown by the function of catch ??, as follows:
?? ( ?? )=a/hC+ ?? /C,
Furthermore, it was recognized that the point f*, near by ?? showed the vibrating change in relation to catch, therefore, the equilibrium was instability.
Conversely, by the application of moving average for this vibrating change, it was recognized too, that the equilibrium equation approximatelyequalled to ?? ( ?? ) was drawn from ?? ( ?? ) and from this equation the capacity of “Gyosho” was calculated.
By application of this method for the data obtained from Aio Fishing Guild, Yamaguchi Pref., it was supposed the effect was appeared from two to four years after setting.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (456K) -
中原 官太郎1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 484-488
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper deals with the postlarval stage of two offshore bottom-fishes, Antigonia capros LOWE (Antigonidae) and Erythroeles schlegeli (RICHARDSON) (Emmelichthyidae). The specimens were collected off the southern coast of Kyushu on June and July, 1961, by the research vessel of Kagoshima University.
The postlarvae of A. capros, which are represented by 2 specimens, 3.20 and 4.75mm in total length (Figs. 1, 2), closely resemble to the postlarvae of A. rubesvens in approximate size described by Uchida (Fig. 3), but differ from them in the following points;
1) The body is higher.
2) The countable anlagen of dorsal fin-ray are more numerous than those of A. rubescens. (31 in A. capros, and less than 30 in A. rubescens.)
3) There is no spine directing upward on the top of occipital.
4) The posterior end of notochord is already curved backward. The vertical fins are also more developed.
5) Melanophres on the sides of head are more developed, and those under the hypural are less developed.
The larval specimens of E. schlegeli are represented by 13 specimens, 6.9-28.0mm in total length (Figs. 4-7). The largest specimen shows the characteristics of the species for the most part except the color pattern.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (373K) -
佐々木 忠義, 渡辺 精一, 大柴 五八郎, 岡見 登, 梶原 昌弘1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 489-496
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs described above in these results of the measurements it is considered that the radiance distribution in the near-surface layer of the sea depends considerably on the radiance distribution of the sky. Accordingly the authors attempt now to improve the instrument capable of measuring the radiance distribution in the underwater and the sky at the same time automatically and if this new instrument be accomplished the authors will study these detailed phehomena described above.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1750K) -
松井 佳一1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 497-498
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLake Titicaca is a freshwater lake situated in Peru and Bolivia, it extents between 15°20' and 16°35' latitude south and between 69° and 70° longitude west and is 222kilometers long and 113kilometers across at its widest. Its total area including its 36 islands, has been calculated at about 9065 square kilometers. It is the highest navigated lake in the world, the surface of its water is 3812 meters above sea level, and fed by 25 rivers and streams which draw their waters from the snow of the mountains that fringe it. Its only outlet is the one river of Desaguadero in the south, and maximum depth is 370 meters. In my observation the surface water temperature was 14° ?? 16°C in April, 1961.
During the year of 1939, Salmo trutta fario, Salmo gairdnerii irideus, Salvelinus fontinalis fontinalis and Salvelinus namaycush have been transplanted from the United States of America and Chile. They have achieved phenomenal size, especially Salmo gairdnerii irideus (rainbow trout-trucha arco iris) has grown very well and the largest one recorded is 1.22 meters in body length and 22.7 kilograms in weight.
This fact is a very interesting phenomenon on freshwater pisciculture and I affirm that Salmo gairdnerii irideus may be the landlocked form of Salmo gairdnerii gairdnerii Richardson 1836.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (145K) -
水戸 敏1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 499-503
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChampsodon snyderi FRANZ is a small trachinoid fish distributed in southern Japan, and often eaten by the piscivors such as lizard fishes.
The spawning season around Kyushu seems to extend from October to February according to the occurrence of the eggs in the sea (Table 1), however, some postlarvae were also caught in August.
The egg, previously reported by the author as I. C, No. 62), is pelagic, spherical in shape, measuring 1.09-1.19mm in diameter, containing a single oil globule measuring 0.17-0.21mm in diameter, and usually accompanying a smaller single oil globule, measuring 0.02-0.08mm in diameter, in early developmental stages. The egg membrane as well as the yolk has not conspicuous structure, and the perivitelline space is narrow.
The hatching took place in about 6 days at the water temperature 16-18°C. During the course of the egg and larval development only the melanophores appear. A single spinous appendage appears at the upper posterior part of the operculum toward the late embryonic development, and it is as long as one ninth of total length at hatching. The number of myotomes of the hatched larva is 30-32.
The larvae are easily identified by the following characteristics: presence of a pair of long appendage (seems to be post-temporal spine) located at the upper posterior part of the operculum, large jaw with many teeth, bony crest above head, rather long ventral fins located at slightly before the pectoral fins, fin-formula and the number of myotomes.
Another egg belonging to the genus Champsodon is collected from southern Kyushu. This egg differs from C. snyderi in early occurrence of the melanophores on the embryonal body, lacking melanophore on the ventral marginal fin of the newly hatched larva and the number of myotomes being 28.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (361K) -
田村 修, 保田 正人, 藤木 哲夫1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 504-509
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn attempt is made in the present paper to settle a technique estimating environmental and physiological conditions of fish by means of values on some blood characters of them.
The differences between the bloods sampled firstly and secondly from the intact carps were determined as a standard in the values of hematocrit, erythrocyte count, erythrocyte resistance and oxygen consumption. Then, the differences between the bloods sampled before and after some treatments were compared with the standard obtained above. The treatments tried were as follows: (group 1) the injection of 0.2 cc of mercurous chloride solution (0.2-0.4 ppm) into the lateral muscle; (group 2) keeping in the same solution (0.2 ppm) for ten days; (group 3) keeping in the natrium chloride solution (1%) for one or two days.
It was ascertained that the injection of the mercurous chloride solution resulted the increase of both hematocrit value and erythrocyte count, while the rearing in the same solution were followed by the marked decrease of oxygen consumption. By the treatment in the natrium chloride solution, it was found out that the erythrocyte count and the erythrocyte resistance both increased remarkably.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (356K) -
各種魚類の粘性物質の多糖類の糖組成その1中性糖組成榎本 則行, 冨安 行雄1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 510-513
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe column chromatographic method using an ion exchange resin (Dowex 1) was applied to the quantitative analysis of neutral sugars in mucus-polysaccharide from 6 species of fishes. The elution curve (exemplified by loach) was shown in Fig. 1. Hexose Was predominant for the species tested, except puffer in which fucose was rather prevailing (Table 1). Considerable difference among the species was observed in the ratio of galactose to glucose content. Generally marine fishes showed a tendency of having more fucose as compared with freshwater fishes. The presence of fucose which could not be detected in loach formerly8, 8) and the presence of glucose which was presumed for some fishes in our recent paper1) were proved in the present work.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (163K) -
魚類および軟体類の好気的解糖作用の制限因子とα-グリセロ燐酸の生成柴田 猛, 吉村 克二1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 514-517
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー(1) The FDP glycolytic activity is not limited by the steps in the change from 3-PGA to pyruvic acid in both fish and mollusks.
(2) In mollusks, FDP glycolysis yields equal amounts of pyruvic acid and α-glycerophosphate. The sole pathway for DPNH oxidation in the glycolytic process runs through α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase.
This investigation was supported in part by Grant in Aid for Fundamental Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (236K) -
アカガレイ筋肉アセトン可溶性脂質五十嵐 久尚, 座間 宏一, 羽田野 六男, 高間 浩蔵1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 518-521
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe acetone-soluble lipid obtained from fresh of flounder (Hippoglossoides dubius) had n_??_ 1.4764, acid no. 12.7, saponification no. 196.3, iodine no. 123.7, unsaponifiable matter 4.40%, and total sterol in unsaponifiable matter 32.40%.
The fatty acid composition of this lipid was as follows: saturated C12 0.3, C14 12.5, C16 5.9, C18 1.6 and C20 trace; unsaturated C14 (-2.OH) 4.3, C16 (-2.8H) 22.5, C18 (-4.3H) 17.5, C20 (-5.4H) 17.3 and C22 (-6.1H) 18.1%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (234K) -
富山 哲夫, 米 康夫, 松田 亮英1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 522-525
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTARR1) claimed that CTC was five times as much effective as was OTC in retarding the spoilage of ground flesh. Several studies5, 6, 12) have been reported, however, that the two antibiotics possessed a comparative effectiveness in keeping quality of round fish.
The present study deals with the effectiveness of CTC and OTC below a 6-ppm addition in keeping quality of fresh ground flesh at 0°C. It was found that CTC was more effective than OTC and that the difference in the effectiveness varied with the levels of the antibiotics, i.e., higher the levels smaller the difference. A plot of the rate of extension of the storage life against the residue at incipient spoilage showed more marked superiority of CTC to OTC in preservative effect per unit residue.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (319K) -
豊水 正道, 冨安 行雄1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 526-533
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe development of gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) made possible the rapid separation of fatty acid esters on a micro scale. However the hitherto published analyses by GLC have been limited to vegetable oils and terrestrial animal fats. The reason is that the separation of polyenes from other fatty acids is not always clean, which complicates the analysis of other oils such as fish oils comprising the great variety of saturated and unsaturated acids and polyenes. So further improvement has been required in the technique.
The present study was undertaken to establish the analytical method of fatty acids in fish oil by GLC. The procedures employed for this purpose are as follows: GLC is carried out on succinate polyester of diethylene glycol, one of the most effective stationary liquid phase for separating fatty acids. Fish oil is methylated, hydrogenated and brominated, bromides being removed, and then each of these samples is subjected to GLC. At first, carbon number composition of fatty acids is determined from the hydrogenated sample, secondly the presence of saturated acids and monoenes is confirmed from the brominated sample, and at last fatty acids are identified on the basis of retention time of chromatogram of methylated sample, reference being made to these results and the presence of polyenes revealed by an alkaliisomerization ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The percentage composition of oil is determined from weights of peaks, the results are the means of duplicate determinations.
The fatty acid composition of fish oil was compared by GLC and spectrophotometry. GLC gave somewhat lower values for the slow-moving polyenes and higher values for the fastmoving saturated acids than did spectrophotometry. GLC was not successful in the detection of very small amounts of unsaturated acids which were estimated to be below 1% by spectrophotometry. Odd-numbered acids were demonstrated in fish oil by GLC. In general, the GLC results and spectrophotometric values were in agreement. It is concluded from the present data that analytical results obtained by GLC are reliable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (419K) -
三好 英夫, 白井 亨, 門田 元1962 年 28 巻 5 号 p. 534-539
発行日: 1962/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBy examining methods for extraction, identification and determination of organic acids in marine and lake sediments the following was established as a recommended procedure. Add 100ml of extractant (0.5N H2SO4-80% EtOH) to 20g of the sediment sample and stir vigorously for 48 hours at room temperature. Then separate the supernatant fraction containing organic acids by centrifugation. Extract the residual organic acids repeatedly from the precipitates with the above treatments for three times, and collect all the supernatant fractions obtained. Neutralize the extract (collected supernatant fractions) with NaOH, and condense it to dryness by evaporation at 100°C, and then redissolve this dried extract by adding a small amount of H2SO4. Extract again the organic acids from this acidified solution (pH 1-2) with ether using NEISH's continuous extraction method4). The organic acids contained in this ether solution can be identified and determined by use of MUELLER's chromatographic method5).
Identification and determination of organic acids in sediment samples from Maizuru Bay and Lake Biwa were carried out by use of the above procedure and the following results were obtained.
1. Sediment samples contained acetic, formic, lactic, propionic, butyric, and an unidentified organic acid, regardless of their origin and depth. Among these acetic acid was found in the highest concentration in general, and the unidentified acid was detected in the lowest concentration.
2. The concentration of organic acids in the sediments decreased generally with the depth from the surface of sediments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (430K)
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