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Volume 29, Issue 12
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Hiroshi MAÉDA, Yutaka NAKADA1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1053-1056
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCatch records of squids angled up under lamp by 28 men distributed in a fishing ground in the same evening are analyzed, for the purpose of giving a short discussion on such problem that in what pattern are the squids angled up, then, a good catch is got by the man who caught squids following what pattern. The results are summarized in Table 2, which suggests the presence of close relation of pattern to the amount of catch, i. e. the man who continued to angle up squids for many time sections and following positive binomial or “other contagious series” gets better catch than the man who did in short time and following Poisson series.View full abstractDownload PDF (210K) -
Kazuo FUJINO1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1057-1063
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy using heteroimmune rabbit serum, bloods of the north Pacific sperm whales, Physeter catodon were classified into two major groups of Ju1 and Ju2-positives similarly to Antarctic those (Cushing et al.4), 1963), including five subtypic specificities in the latter. Ju2 specific soluble substance4) was also positively detected from supernatants of these blood samples preserved by glycerol-freezing (Cushing et al.5), 1959). No significant difference of incidence of Ju blood types was seen between male and female. Erythrocytes of 52 donors (42.3%) out of 123 whales taken from waters adjacent to Japan were typed as Ju2-positive, but no Ju2-positive cells was detected in 198 whales taken from the Aleutian waters. This significant geographical difference of incidence of Ju blood types shows that there distribute different breeding populations in these two areas. Seasonal changes of incidence of Ju2-positive type and the results of marking returns suggest that parts of the population (population II) from Aleutian waters migrate to the waters adjacent to Japan and mingle with the population (population I) there. Further investigations should be undertaken to make clear migratory ranges of each population and rate of their intermingling in different seasons.View full abstractDownload PDF (429K) -
Yukimasa KUWATANI1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1064-1070
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor pearl oyster, Pinctada martensii, the periodicity in the width of shell opening and frequency of quick shell movement was tested under 6 controlled illuminations, the test specimen placed in aquarium fed by filtered circulating sea water. Analysing the data on kymograph recordings it was concluded that:
1) The width of shell opening and frequency of quick movement can be changed by alternating light and darkness; the width grew narrower in light but broader in darkness; the movement is more frequent in light. This will suggest the rhythmic movement of adductor muscle directly responded to sun light.
2) It is generally held that rhythmicity is weakened in light but is sustained under darkness.
3) The photorhythmicity is initially (several days) disturbed at any change of lighting. This adaptational response shown by pearl oyster may be equivalent to biological hysteresis.
4) Under the 4-4 hours photorhythm condition, the diurnal periodicity of shell movement on recorder was recognized. This phenomenon may be attributed to the inherent endogenous rhythm.View full abstractDownload PDF (357K) -
Otohiko SUZUKI1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1071-1076
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (254K) -
ON THE FATE OF TAKIKAWA'S SO-CALLED PATHOGENIC HALOPHILIC BACTERIA INVADED INTO MATERIALS OF WOODEN CONTAINERAkira KUROGI1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1077-1082
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper1), the author reported on the invasion of the Takikawa's so-called pathogenic halophilic bacteria into the material of wooden fish container. It was also disclosed that the bacteria might easily migrate into inner part of such rough-grained wooden material as ceder or pine.
In the present paper, studies have been undertaken to elucidate the fate of pathogenic halophilic bacteria being artificially polluted in the wooden test pieces for the period 60 to 90 days under various keeping conditions.
The brief keeping conditions were as follows:
Artificially polluted wooden pieces with the bacteria (pine and oak, 8×20×50mm; each piece has been dipped in the culture fluid of the test organisms at 30°C for 48 hours) were put in 6 large Petri dishes and each dish was let stand under following conditions.
1. Wet condition (moisture contents of the test pieces were higher than 57%).
1) Being kept in an refrigerator (0°C-5°C).
2) Being kept in a dark room during October to December at room temperature.
3) Being kept in an incubator at 30°C.
For keeping wet condition, a small beaker filled with water was placed in each Petri dish, in addition, 2 to 3 drops of sterilized saline solution were added to each test piece every day.
3. Moderate condition The Petri dish has been kept in a dark room and allowed to stand at room temperature (with cover). The moisture contents of test pieces decreased gradually from the initial value 57% to 42%.
3. Dry condition Two dishes containing pieces of pine or oak respectively have been kept out door without cover and exposed to sunlight every day during October to December.
Results obtained may be summarized as follows:
Length of survival of the bacteria at the inner part of test piece varied according to the moisture contents. Apparently under wet condition, no appreciable decrease in bacterial number was observed, while the keeping temperature so far examined (0°C to 30°C) had a little effect on the rate of survival of the organisms (Figs. 1, 2 and 3).
Under the dry condition, the bacteria on the surface of test pieces were diminished markedly within 15 days owing to the exposure to direct sunlight and loss of moisture in the piece (Figs. 5 and 6).
From these experimental results, the author concludes that the most practical and effective method for treating a large number of wooden fish container at one time to diminish such harmful organisms as pathogenic halophilic bacteria would be the drying under sunshine for more than 10 days.View full abstractDownload PDF (336K) -
DISINFECTION OF WOODEN FISH CONTAINER POLLUTED WITH TAKIKAWA'S SO-CALLED PATHOGENIC HALOPHILIC BACTERIAAkira KUROGI1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1083-1088
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous papers I1) and II2), the author has reported on the rate of invasion of Takikawa's so-called pathogenic halophilic bacteria into wooden material of fish container, and the effect of environmental conditions on the fate of bacteria being invaded into the inner part of wooden material. Present experiments aimed to know the most practical and effcient methods for the disinfection or removal of the pathogenic halophilic bacteria from contami-nated fish containers.
Test pieces (pine, 20×50×8mm size) having been soaked with the culture fluid of the test organisms were treated as follows:
1) Washing with water; flushing with tap water or brushing.
2) Dipping in various solutions; detergent, benzalkonium chloride, sodium hypo-chorite or acetic acid.
3) Heating; boiling water, steam or hot air.
4) Ultraviolet irradiation.
After the treatment, each test piece was determined for the surviving bacterial number periodically, then compared the effectiveness one another.
Results obtained may be summarized as follows:
Washing with water for 10 minutes either flushing or brushing decreased only on the surface bacterial number to 1/6 and 1/10 respectively (Fig. 1).
Among treatments with various solutions, sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid were found to be most effective, however, these treatments require at least 2 hours of dipping (Figs. 4 and 6).
Treatment by boiling water or steam was found to be the most effective method to dis-infect the wooden material, and almost all of the bacteria even invaded into inner part of the test pieces were killed within 5 to 15 minutes (Table 1).
From these results mentioned above, treating with boiling water or steam, or dipping in hypochlorite solution would be the most practical and effective methods for the disinfection of a large number of wooden fish containers.View full abstractDownload PDF (223K) -
WATER-EXTRACTING CONDITIONS OF TOTAL- AND AMINO-NITROGENSAyako OKUMURA, Keiichi OISHI, Kiichi MURATA1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1089-1091
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe greater part of the nitrogens were dissolved out by means of hot water (100°C) extraction for 30 minutes. Below 100°C water temperature, lower quantities of nitrogens were extracted. No relations were found between extractable nitrogen contents and the quantity of extracting liquids, nor between the former and the pH value of the latter.View full abstractDownload PDF (127K) -
PROTEASE IN FISH MUSCLE (NO. 2) RELATION BETWEEN PROTEASE IN FISH MUSCLE AND DECREASE OF ASHI OF KAMABOKOYasuo MAKINODAN, Hajime AMANO, Wataru SIMIDU1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1092-1096
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPreviously, we reported that the fish muscle protease obtained as supernatant of the muscle homogenate with water indicated the maximum activity on casein at 60-65°C, pH 8.0, and that the KAMABOKO, or a food made of fish meat, with trypsin added decreased remarkably its ASHI or gel strength in comparison with the control, so the decrease of ASHI of the KAMABOKO appearing between 50-65°C might owe to the action of the protease.
This time, we showed that the absorption at 275mμ in trychloroacetic acid soluble fraction of the reaction mixture at 65°C is due to the protease activity itself, not to the turbidity of the other substances and that the protease in the minced muscle is carried away by washing with water.
However, whether the breakdown of ASHI found in some stage of temperature is based upon the action of the protease remains still unexplained.View full abstractDownload PDF (323K) -
Ryôgo Yûki1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1098-1103
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2856K) -
Kaname SAITO1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1104-1107
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (365K) -
Kanehisa HASHIMOTO1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1108-1112
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (355K) -
Tokuo SANO1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1113-1118
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (539K) -
Takashi HIBIYA1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1119-1124
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (447K) -
Masaru FUJIYA1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1125-1127
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (235K) -
Akimi SUZUKI1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1128-1132
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (335K) -
Kazuo FUJINO1963 Volume 29 Issue 12 Pages 1133-1138
Published: December 25, 1963
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (416K)
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