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Volume 3 (1934 - 1935･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 307-
- Issue 5 Pages 231-
- Issue 4 Pages 171-
- Issue 3 Pages 121-
- Issue 2 Pages 59-
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Volume 3, Issue 4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Morisaburo TAUTI1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 171-177
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (278K) -
Hirosi NIINO1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 178-181
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
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Action upon AmylopektinYarokurô YAMAMURA1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 182-184
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe amylase in the pyloric caeca of the yellow-tail (Seriola quinqueradiata) was studied by T. OYA and K. HARADA1) (1926), and subsequently the same in the pancreas of the eel (Anguilla japonica) by T. OYA, M. KAWAKAMI and S. SUZUKI (1927). L. C CHESLEY3) (1934) has made a comparative study upon the optimal temperatures of the amylase of cold- and warmblooded animals. The object of the present paper is to give an account of the properties of the same enzyme in the digestive tract of the carp with special reference to the question as to whether or not it digests amylopektin. The sample was scrubbed from the internal membrane of stomach and intestine, and powdered after being purified by acetone and ether; it was then extracted by water. For estimating the digestive power of the amylase, the quantity of reduced sugar was measured by using the method of WILLSTATTER and SCHÜBEL4) (1918) at the beginning, and the method of HAGEDORN and JENSEN5) (1923) at the end. Amylopektin was prepared from the potato starch by the process of T. CHRZASZCZ and J. JANICKI6) (1932).
The results of these experiments are summerized as follows: -
1. The optimum pH for this amylase is about 6.1 as shown in Fig. I, and is somewhat lower than that of the pancreas of the eel (6.5) and of pyloric caeca of yellow-tail (7.0) respectively.
2. The optimum temperature for the enzyme in question lies at about 31°C, which is also lower than those of the pancreas of the eel (36-37°C), and the pyloric caeca of yellow-tail (43°C) (Fig. 2).
3. Amylopektin is hardly digested by this enzyme (Table I.).
4. As it is seen in the Fig. 3, boiled starch was digested by the amylase in a high degree. On the other hand, raw starch was almost undigestible by it.View full abstractDownload PDF (183K) -
Shinkichi YOSHIMURA1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 185-190
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTHIENEMANN and NAUMANN's opinion that the lake of the disharmonic type belongs to ths oligotype of N and P, leads to the conclusion that the poor productivity of the lake of thie type depends also upon the poverty of nutritive substances such as metiond above. A great number of water analyses of Japanese lakes made by the present writer, proved, however, that the disharmonic lakes of Japan, for example, of the distrophic, acidotrophic, and siederotrophic type are not always poor in amount of them. The poor production of these lakes are therefore due not to the poverty of N and P, but to the toxic actions of high contents H, Fe…, and humic substances.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
Toraichiro KINOSHITA, Koichiro SHIBATA1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 191-192
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUndaria pinnatifida (Harv.) Sur. is an endemic species in this country. It has two different forms, namely, f. distans Miyabe et Okam. and f. narutensis Yendo. Generally speaking, the former represents the northern type and the latter the southern.
The distribution of this alga is in a wide range, extending from almost southern end of Kyûsyû to Muroran on the pacific coast and Risiri Island on the western coast of Hokkaidô, and as far north as Busuitau about 20 miles south to the River Tomankô along the eastern coast of Tyôsen (Corea). It does not grow in subtropical waters nor in subarctic ones, so it is not found in the districts washed by the warm current “Kurosiwo”, as well as by the Kurile Current.
Since the above mentioned range of the distribution suggests an idea that a full or short crop of this alga may be influenced by the sea temperature, the writers made a study on the correlation between sea temperature and the crop of this alga in the Province Suttu on the western coast of Hokkaidô and obtained the correlation coefficients: in August r=+0.550; in January r=+0.680 ; in February r=+0.670 and in March r=+0.510. August is the best period for discharging the zoospores in this district, and January to March is the period for the growth of young plants.View full abstractDownload PDF (136K) -
II. On R-form ColoniesYukio GOTÔ1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 193-195
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are many reports on the form of cells forming ARKWRIGHT'S (1920-21)1) R-form colonies, but they are confessedly fragmentary.
I have studied the variability of the form of cells in agar hanging drop culture of the following bacteria, characterized by R-form colony formation: - Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas ovalis, Achromobacter multistriatum, Serratiamarcescens, Escherichia coli, Eber hella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi. I have observed the phenomena of agglutination and fusion shown by these bacteria which have the nature of forming the amorphous masses such as Flavobacterium A as described in my preceding report. These bacteria also have the tendency to make their forms shorter and shorter untill they assume short coccus-like forms due to repeated binary cell divisions.View full abstractDownload PDF (195K) -
Mititaka UDA, Zirô TUKUSI1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 196-202
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study of the fisheries of “Katuwo, ” Euthynnus vagans (Lesson), in several sea-districts adjacent to Japan in 1933, leads to some interesting results concerning their shoaling conditions - associated objects such as birds, sharks, whales, drifting timbers or what not; whether they are attached to banks or not; denseness of crowding; degree of biting; index of angling; and the size of individuals, which is classified into large (over 3.75kg. wt.), medium (1.88 to 3.75kg. wt.) and small (less than 1.88kg. wt.) sizes - in relation to the frequencies of their appearances and the size of catches.
From the study, for each sea-district, of the months, in which the maximum percentage catch of fishes of each size-group, above mentioned, is attained in the fishing season, the following results of discussions on the migration of “Katuwo” will be given : - (1) The shoals, consisted mainly of fishes of medium size, migrated in 1933 from the southern to the northern sea-district from spring to summer, accompanied, in consequence, by the movement of their fishing grounds. (2) On the other hand, it can be noticed that the local groups found around the banks in southern sea-districts consisted of comparatively high percentage of fishes of large and small sizes in addition to those of medium size.
The composition of various shoals of “Katuwo” in each sea-district has some respective peculiarity. In the northern sea-district the shoals are mainly associated with sharks or without anything and crowded densely in number, while in the southern, they are mainly associated with birds or they are attached to banks and crowded thinly. The leading shoals varies from northern to southern sea-districts in succession from those associated with sharks, to what not, those associated with whales, birds or drifting timbers and to those attached to banks.View full abstractDownload PDF (534K) -
Syôkiti KAMIYA, Hideaki YASUDA1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 203-204
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present experiment, the authors studied Pearson's coefficient of variation, V, of the tensions on the arms of the nets of various materials by the similar method reported previously1). The observations were carried out first wih the nets stretched lightly and then with the same ones stretched heavily. The results of calculation, which are tabulated in Tab. 1, indicate (1) that in the same net, V is greater in the heavily stretched state than in the lightly stretched state, and (2) in the heavily stretched state, V of the net of trawl knots is greater than that of the net of flat knots.View full abstractDownload PDF (80K) -
Hideaki YASUDA1934 Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 205-208
Published: November 15, 1934
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith ramie, Manila hemp and Japanese hemp cords immersed in water, the amount of absorbed water and the change in length and diameter were studied by the method stated in the previous paper, and the following results were obtained: (1) When the cord in water is not loaded, the amount of water, absorbed per unit mass of the cord till the end of t hours' immersion, q, is given by
q=Q0(1-e-a0t)+Q1(1-e-a1t)+Q2(1-e-a2t),
where the constants α0, α1, α2 and the ratio of the constants, Q0:Q1:Q2, chiefly depend on the kind of fibre. (2) Whether the cord in water, is loaded or not the value of Q0+Q1+Q2 or Q depends mainly upon the apparent specific volume of the cord and partly on the kind of fibre and the twisting of cord. (3) Whether the cord of ramie fibre, ramie yarn or Manila hemp fibre is immersed in water or exposed in air, the change in length, Δl, and that in radius, Δr, resulted by 24 hours' loading follow the formula,
Δl=-BΔr,
where the value of B almost coincides with the calculated value of 4π2(N-n)2a2r0/l0, where N and n are the number of the upper and the lower twists of cord respectively, r0 and l0 the radius and the length of cord respectively, and a is a costant (1/2 in this case). The value of B of the loaded cord of Japanese hemp fibre is different in water and in air, suggesting that certain change in the fibre takes place when the cord is immersed in water.View full abstractDownload PDF (211K)
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