巻号一覧
31 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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ポンドクリーナーにフイッシュポンプを利用する試み添田 秀男, 三次 信輔, 田原 陽三, 川田 三郎1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 169-173
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーProductivity of fish culture ponds decreases with the lapse of time owing to accumulation of waste materials and excrements. It is necessary to remove the filth for maintenance of the normal productivity of a pond. This experiment has been carried out in the ponds of Fisheries Training Center at Nagano Prefecture in December, 1961 and February, 1962, to determine the cleaning capacity of the so-celled fish pump. The results obtained are as follows:
The underwater type pump is suitable for pond cleaning because this type is easy to operate. Pumps with 4-inch or lessin caliber are fit for use in the present fish culture ponds. Generally, the nozzle of suction hose should be attached on to the bottom of pond vertically in operations. The shape of nozzle must be changed depending on the difference of bottom materials.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (374K) -
桑谷 幸正1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 174-186
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. The internal features and mechanisms, selection, digesition, absorption to the digestive diverticula and excretion relating to the stomach of Japanese pearl oyster. Pinctada martensii, were investigated.
2. The main structural variations of the stomach between P. martensii investigated in the present study and P. vulgaris described by P1RCHON12), and the common structural features of these species in comparison with the other families of Pseudolamellibranchia were confirmed.
3. A diagrammatic representation of the features and the circulation of food materials in the stomach were given.
4. It was found that the portions on the dorsal roof of the stomach take part in the digestive function of the stomach. And the mechanisms of absorption towards and excretion from the ducts of digestive diverticula became clear by analyzing of the structural features and the ciliary currents in the openings of ducts and embayments.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1159K) -
草下 孝也1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 187-191
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe author made an experiment on the fish gathering effects by means of fluorescent discharge lamps and the measurement of the submarine illumination in the sea.
The fluorescent discharge lamps of 5 kinds such as 30W.×4 tubes in daylight, and 30W.×3 tubes of each in red, green, bluewhite and yellow were used. And a submarine luxmeter made in Tsurumi-seiki and a stickheld dip net of 5m. square were also used.
The fishing test was done at the port of Nakaminato and the illumination measurement was done at an offing 2.3km. from Oarai Coast in Ibaraki Prefecture.
The catch is as described in Table 2. The author considers that the fish gathering of this method is much available, because of the fact the three species of fish of the big catch are rather useful, and all the others are a few in number but still contain many useful.
Effect of the submarine illumination is as follows; the green is best, next the bluewhite, yellow, red and daylight in order. (Tables 3 and 4, Figure). It is found that the shorter wave-length of light is the more effective and the daylight tube is worst for the reason of, the author considers, that the daylight is composed of every colors with the respective wave-lengths, but the intensity of each wave is quite low.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (308K) -
本間 義治1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 192-197
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe external and histological features of a remarkable myxoma developed in the righthand side of head skin of an old female salmonoid fish, the Ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis Temminck et Schlegel, that, has tided over the winter, are described. The present example might be recognized as the first record of a myxoma in the fish from Japan.
The tumor is a giant, smooth, hemispherical swelling, including the right nostril, and measuring 13.8 (dorso-ventral axis)×15.0 (cranio-caudal)×7.6 (right and left, i. e., depth) mm. Although the overlying skin, namely, the epidermis, is intact and healthy, the right eye is compressed heavily by the tumorous body. The dermis forms a thick layer, and is chiefly constructed from the well-developed bundles of collagenous fibers and a large quantity of mucoid ground substance. The branches of fibrous strands enter the mucoid substance and partition it into many subdivisions, varying in size and shape. Many lacunae are presented here and there. A large number of stellate shaped cells, probably the fibroblasts, and unde-termined cells in the course of collapse are found in the mucoid substance, which has con-tained abundant fibrills. Just beneath the epidermis the peculiar cells, which seem to be derived from the supporting cells of the olfactory epithelium, show the hyperplastic condition; some of which are arranged in the follicles, surrounding the droplets of mucoid substance in their lumina. The layer of these epithelial components is considerable thick.
Several nodules diagnosed as the lymphosarcoma were recognized in the ovary of this fish; the tumor is probably caused by endocrine derangement. Conseqently, there is no possible relationship between the myxoma of head cutaneous-, and lymphosarcoma of ovarian tissues. Besides, the histological picture of the thyroid gland is appeared to be marked hypofunction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (754K) -
渦鞭毛虫類の一種 Prorocentrum sp. の多少と貝の毒力との関係中島 雅男1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 198-203
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (506K) -
赤潮発生時の貝の毒性について中島 雅男1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 204-207
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (401K) -
2-(2-Furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acryl amide (AF-2) の bioassay松田 敏生, 小畠 渥1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 208-213
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA bioassay procedure for AF-2 in food was studied in this report.
1. A modified cylinder-plate method was applied for the determination of AF-2 using spores of Bacillus natto Sawamura II IFO 3010.
2. The culture medium recommended was 0.5% peptone, 0.3% yeast extract, 0.5% glucose, 1.5% agar and with a pH of 6.2 to 6.4.
3. Cylinders set on an agar plate placed in a petri dish were incubated for 18 to 20 hours either at 30°C or 37°C.
4. After the standard curve of inhibition diameter on logarithmic concentration of AF-2 of four was plotted, the concentrations of AF-2 in the unknown samples were determined.
5. The determinable lowest limit of AF-2 in food was about 1 ppm.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (324K) -
魚肉ソーセージ製造中における AF-2 Nitrofurazone の挙動小畠 渥, 松田 敏生1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 214-218
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPreviously, the food preservative efficacy of AF-2, (2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acryl-amide) and AF-5, (3-amino-6-(5-nitrofuryl-2-ethenyl)-1, 2, 4-triazine hydrochloride), two nitro-furan derivatives, was demonstrated and especially AF-2 showed a remarkable effect for fish sausage preservation.
It is necessary not only to know the preservative effect of a chemical in food but also to clarify its behavior when it is used as a preservative. For this purpose, several studies were carried out and the results were as follows:
(1) The quantities of AF-2 and nitrofurazone (F) mixed in raw ground fish meat were constant during a four hours storage in a refrigerator (5°C). (Table 1, Fig. 1) However, the quantity of AF-2 decreased rapidly for the first 10 minutes after it was mixed in the raw ground meat and then it remained constant.
(2) The effects of heating time and temperature on AF-2 and F in fish sausage meat were studied, and the quantities of the two nitrofurans decreased in inverse ratio to increased hea-ting time and temperature. (Fig. 2)
(3) The quantity of AF-2 in fish sausage decreased gradually during storage at 37°C to a small trace amount at the end of 30 days storage. (Fig. 3 and 4)
A more detailed behavior of AF-2 and F during storage will be reported in a following report.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (281K) -
タイロシンに対するBacillusそのほかの菌の耐性獲得について興津 知明, 河端 俊治, 小嶋 秩夫1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 219-226
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTylosin****, a new antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces fradiae, has been reported to have a marked antibacterial action against Gram-positive bacteria. The purpose of this work is to elucidate the in vitro acquisition of resistance against tylosin by 3 species of Bacillus (B. subtilis, B. circulans and B. coagulans), and 1 strain of Staphylococcus aureus.
Results obtained may be summarized as follows:
1. The test organisms were exposed to tylosin either a constant dose at 0.1 ppm, or an increasing dose at the maximum tolerance level (M. T. L.) of test organisms at each stage of subculturing.
After 50 transfers in the Difco nutrient broth containing a constant dose of tylosin, the organisms acquired 2 to 8-fold higher resistance, while the corresponding values obtained with the increasing dose at M. T. L. were 32 to 128-fold that of the original culture (Fig. 1 and 2).
2. The resistance acquired in vitro by a strain of Staphylococcus seemed to be fairly unstable since 25 transfers of the resistant organisms in the plain nutrient broth markedly decreased in its resistance. To the contrary, resistance acquired by Bacilli seemed to be stable since they kept almost the same level of resistance even after 25 transfers in the plain broth (Fig. 2).
3. There was complete cross-resistance between tylosin and desmycosin, a degradation product of tylosin which has almost the same antibacterial action of tylosin, and mutual but partial cross-resistance between tylosin and erythromycin. No cross-resistance was observed between tylosin and the following drugs; streptomycin, chloramphenicol, chlortetracycline, penicillin, and nitrofurazone.
4. No marked difference was noted in the distribution pattern of resistance in individual cells between the sensitive strain and the corresponding laboratory induced strain which were determined by plotting the numbers of colonies counted in agar plates added with various level of tylosin (Fig. 3).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (390K) -
タイロシン耐性株と感受性株の発育上の拮抗現象興津 知明, 河端 俊治, 小嶋 秩夫1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 227-231
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーExperiments were made to elucidate the antagonism in growth between a tylosin-sensitive and its in vitro resistant strains of Bacillus subtilis.
Results obtained may be summarized as follows:
1. In the mixed cultures of the sensitive and resistant cells either in Difco nutrient broth of pH 7.0 or in the tuna flesh infusion of pH 6.2 without tylosin, it was noted that the growth of resistant cells was inhibited when the mixing ratio was 1:1. The larger the ratio of sensitive cells, the more conspicuous the antagonism was (Tables 1 and 4).
2. In the Difco nutrient broth containing 0.2 ppm of tylosin, or in the tuna flesh infusion containing 1.6 ppm of the drug, nevertheless each level of tylosin was less than minimal inhibitory concentration for the growth of sensitive strain, the resistant organisms became predominant even in a mixing ratio 1:1 (Tables 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (287K) -
スズキの胃のキチン分解酵素について,その 2奥谷 康一, 木俣 正夫1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 232-237
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper1) in this series, some properties of chitinolytic enzyme present in the stomach of fish, Lateolabrax japonicus, were investigated by measuring the reducing sugar produced.
In the present study, chitinase activity was observed by decreasing substrate (Precipitated chitin, P. Ch), because the amount of P. Ch present in the reaction mixture could be measured turbidimetrically using a Hitachi EPU type spectrophotometer at 430 mμ.
The amount of N-acetylglucosamine (NGA) was measured by the method described by REISSIG et. al.2) Oligo-NGA was estimated from the amount of NGA produced by the addition of β-glucosidase.
Results obtained are as follows:
1) The amount of P. Ch present in the reaction mixture can be measured turbidimetrically (Fig. 1).
2) In the early stage of incubation, a considerable decrease of P. Ch is observed in amounts, although little amount of NGA is formed (Table 1). Judging from the result, it might be assumed that the most of the product obtaind in the early stage of the reaction is oligo-NGA.
3) Most of these oligo-NGA may be higher oligo-NGA which is not attacked by β-gluco-sidase (Table 1).
4) Optimum pH value and temperature on the chitinolytic action were almost similar to those estimated from the previous results of determination of the reducing sugar produced1). (Fig. 6, Fig. 8).
5) It is ascertained that the chitinolytic enzyme of fish consists of two or more different kinds of enzyme.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (330K) -
清水 潮, 相磯 和嘉, 占部 久1965 年 31 巻 3 号 p. 238-246
発行日: 1965/03/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーNitrofurazone which has been applied for preservation of fish sausages in Japan was shown o decrease its activity when heated with mammalian meat such as whale, mutton and horse meat.
Evidence obtained might suggest that the decrease in bacteriostatic activity is caused by the reduction of nitrofurazone during the heating process by reducing substances in meat and in the presence of Fe++ ion from hemoglobin and myoglobin.
Nitrofurylacrylamide, showed rapid reduction in its activity when heated with the cysteine without any cations, and this appeares to elucidate the unsuccessful application of the preserv-atives for Kamaboko or other meat products.
The dependency of the heating reduction of the nitrofurans on hydrogen ion concentration and metalic ions was determined with simplified systems containing the nitrofurans, cysteine and cations. From the results of the above experiments, several methods to eluminate the heat reduction of nitrofurans were devised and some of them were shown to be successful when they were applied to Kamaboko.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (583K)
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