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Volume 32, Issue 10
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Seikichi MISHIMA, Motokazu UENO, Rihei KAWASHIMA1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 837-842
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper, some information about the characteristics of the spatial distribution of the school of salmon was given by the correlograms and power spectra for the catch per unit net. In this paper, through the use of the above mentioned method, based on the experimental data of 1965 in the North Pacific Ocean, the calculations of correlogram and power spectra were performed. The properties of this paper are indicated as follows;
1) The drift gill net used in these experiments consists of the simplified arrangement of amilan multifilament nets.
2) The data were analysed for chum and pink salmon separately.
3) The power spectra were calculated for each correlogram and not for the average of correlograms as in the previous paper.
4) For smoothing of the power spectra, the spectral window by AKAIKE was used.
According to the above analysis, the following conclusions are drawn.
Schools of pink and chum salmon have almost the same properties in their spatial distribution. Considering the results of calculations, it is recognized that there is the following tendency in the type of power spectrum. That is: at the beginning of fishing season the short periodic component is remarkable and as the season goes on the medium periodic component becomes noticeable too.View full abstractDownload PDF (273K) -
Seikichi MISHIMA, Motokazu UENO, Rihei KAWASHIMA1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 843-846
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe spatial distributions of salmon inferred from the catch of fish per unit gill net of the commercial type have been reported in the previous papers, and the characteristics by the sea areas, fishing seasons and fish species were discussed.
In the present paper, the authors examined the time characteristics of the spatial distribution of pink salmon school using the data obtained by repeated fishing operations during a night. The experiments were carried out by the research vessel “No. 5 Kosho Maru” in the Okhotsk Sea on the 1st of August, 1965. The experiment nets consisting of 100 units of gill net with amilan multifilament were set at each time interval; from 1718 to 1939 hours including sunset, from 2135 to 2340 hours, and from 0127 to 0339 hours including sunrise. In each series netted fish were counted and classified according to each fish species in each net. The method of analysis of the data was identical with that described in the previous paper.
The results obtained are as follows:
When the nets are set about sunset or sunrise, periodical components of fish schools of 2-3 tans and about 4 tans are shown conspicuously in the power spectra. While at night, although a periodical component of about 4 tans is shown, it is not conspicuous but rather noisy (Fig. 2).
The same tendency of distribution of salmon is found from the analysis of the data obtained by the same type of repeated fishing operations with 19 tans of nets in the North Pacific Ocean on the 5th of June, 1965 (Fig. 3).View full abstractDownload PDF (220K) -
Hiroshi MAÉDA, Shiro MINAMI1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 847-851
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe tendency of the boats not to fish actively or to take recess at night and the large variation of the length of daytime during long season at high tatitudal waters suggested the possibility of the number of daily hauls depending on the length of daytime. In confirmation of this possibility, the daily reports by the 22 Danish seiners of one of the fish-meal fleets in the Bering Sea during the entire season in 1963 were analyzed here, too. And the results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. The number of daily hauls per boat showed a general tendency of increase with elongation of daytime, although fluctuated severely from boat to boat and day to day even within successive 10 days.
2. Analysis after stratification according to the area revealed the following tendencies: The number of daily hauls changed closely depending on the length of daytime during the season in which the boats operated in Area A and Area B, but this was kept at a stable level of about seven hauls a boat regardless of the length of daytime during the season in Area C.
3. The presence of a close relation of the number of daily hauls to either the depth of fishing ground or the daily catch was found in the previous reports. Reasonable attention should, therefore, be paid to the close relation of the depth of fishing ground or the daily catch to progress of the season. This made it hard to isolate the dependence of the number of daily hauls per boat on the length of daytime from that on the other factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (282K) -
MONTHLY AND ANNUAL VARIATION OF HOOK RATEJun NAKAGOME, Hirotaka SUZUKI1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 852-855
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors studied the monthly and annual variation of hook rate (catch per 100 hooks) of big-eyed tuna in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. From the study, the following results are obtained:
1) Monthly variation of hook rate of the fish in the northern area than the equator differed by years, that is, there were years in which hook rate was high from March to September, years in which it was high in March and September and years in which it declined from March to September. The hook rate of the fish in the southern area than the equator was high in March and November but there are both years in which the March hooking-rate was higher than November hook rate and in which the November hook rate was higher than March hook rate.
2) The hook rate in the northern area than the equator was high in 1955 and 1960. In the southern area than the equator, the hook rate was high in sub-area SW in 1956, and 1961, in sub-area SM in 1958 and 1961, and in sub-area SE in 1958 and 1960, respectively.
3) In years before 1960, the hook rate in the eastern sub-area was higher than that in the western sub-area.View full abstractDownload PDF (285K) -
ON THE CAUSES OF ANNUAL VARIATION OF CATCH OF BIG-EYED TUNA IN THE TROPICAL EASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN-IION THE MONTHLY AND ANNUAL VARIATION OF SURFACE WATER TEMPERATURE IN FISHING GROUND AND RELATION BETWEEN THOSE AND THE MONTHLY AND ANNUAL VARIATION OF HOOK RATEJun NAKAGOME1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 856-861
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author has studied on the monthly and annual variation of surface water temperature and on the relation between those and the monthly and annual variation of hook rate (catch per 100 hooks) of big-eyed tuna in the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, and gotten undermentioned results:
1) Surface water temperature was high in April to November in sub-area NW, in April to September in sub-area NM, in March to June in sub-area NE, and in February to July in sub-areas SW, SM and SE.
2) There were not the relation between monthly variation of hook rate and monthly variation of surface water temperature.
3) The surface water temperature was low in 1955 and 1962 and high in 1958.
4) The hook rate of the fish in the area from lat. 10°N to 10°S and from long. 100°W to 135°W was high in the high temperature year and was low in the low temperature year.View full abstractDownload PDF (348K) -
UNDERWATER SOUNDS PRODUCED BY “TSUKEGI” AND GATHERING OF DOLPHINSYoshinobu MANIWA, Shumpei KOJIMA1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 862-866
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnderwater sounds produced by “Tsukegi” (floating rafts) are considered as one of the reasons dolphins gather under “Tsukegi”. In the present paper, underwater sounds produced by a series of five “Tsukegi”, with different sizes, shapes and materials, were measured; and dolphins under each “Tsukegi” were observed. (Fig. 1).
1) In “Tsukegi” A and E5), which are generally used in fisheries, it is observed that there is a clear difference in spectrum and sound pressure level when compared with natural underwater sounds. “Tsukegi” B and D, which have simple construction, also produced somewhat different sounds from natural underwater sounds. (Plate 1).
2) Dolphins and other small fishes gathered under the “Tsukegi” in the increasing order D, B, C, A, E. This order coincides with the increasing order of difference between sounds produced by “Tsukegi” and natural underwater sounds. (Table 1).View full abstractDownload PDF (431K) -
ISOLATION AND SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIESYoshio KOCHIYAMA, Katsumi YAMAGUCHI, Kanehisa HASHIMOTO, Fumio MATSUUR ...1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 867-872
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA blue-green chromoprotein was isolated from the eel serum and characterized for some physico-chemical properties. It behaved homogeneously both in ultra-centrifugation and in electrophoresis. Its absorption maxima appeared at 279, 383 ?? 4 and 704 ?? 5mμ in an aqueous solution, indicating presence of a biliverdin-like prosthetic group. The isoelectric point was at about pH 4.7 and the molecular weight (M8. D), 89, 100. It showed no toxicity to mice, suggesting that the pigment and the toxicsubstance in eel serum are different.View full abstractDownload PDF (428K) -
IDENTIFICATION OF PROSTHETIC GROUPKatsumi YAMAGUCHI, Yoshio KOCHIYAMA, Kanehisa HASHIMOTO, Fumio MATSUUR ...1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 873-880
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA prosthetic group was split from the blue-green serum chromoprotein of eel, and crystallized as hydrochloride and methylester. These crystalline preparations were virtually identical to the corresponding derivatives of biliverdin in respect to so lubility, bile pigment reaction, absorption spectrum, paper chromatographic behavior and melting point. Thus, the prosthetic group was identified as biliverdin.View full abstractDownload PDF (535K) -
Shoji KONOSU, Yen-Nan CHEN, Yoshiro HASHIMOTO1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 881-886
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a preliminary study for identifying the attractant for prawns and fish, the aqueous ethanolic extracts of a marine worm, Perinereis brevicirrus, were analyzed for free and combined amino acids, nucleotides, organic bases, guanidino compounds, organic acids and sugars, and so far as nitrogenous constituents are concerned, their distribution in the extracts was made clear almost completely.View full abstractDownload PDF (333K) -
Takeshi WATANABE, Yasunobu MATSUURA, Yoshiro HASHIMOTO1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 887-891
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSucceeding to the previous work, in which the so-called “Sekoke” disease of carp was shown to be a typical muscle dystrophy due to oxidized oil, the preventive effect of antioxidants, methylene blue, BHA and ethyl gallate, was examined and compared with that of DL-α-tocopheryl acetate. In addition, oxidized saury oil of different peroxide values and acetone-soluble lipids from dried silk-worm pupae were tested.
As shown in Tables 1 and 4, these antioxidants except DL-α-tocopheryl acetate are ineffective, although they were reported to alleviate some of disorders induced by oxidized fish oils in terrestial animals. It is also observed that the muscle dystrophy is induced by the oxidized saury oil of a very low peroxide value and also by acetone-soluble lipids from dried silk-worm pupae. This may suggest that peroxide has little connection with the incidence of muscle dystrophy. Results of chemical analyses on the test diets and animals are summarized in Tables 2, 3 and 5.View full abstractDownload PDF (358K) -
Toshiharu KAWABATA, Tomoyuki UEMATSU, Kazuo FURUSHO1966 Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 892-899
Published: October 25, 1966
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of components of culture media for anerobic bacteria on the sensitivity of various Clostridia to chlortetracycline (CTC), tylosin (TI), furyl-furamide (FF) and nitrofurazone (NFS) have been examined.
Test organisms were 9 strains of stock Clostridia including Clostridium perfringens, Cl. tetani, Cl. histolyticum, Cl. sporogenes and 3 types of Cl. botulinum, in addition, 10 strains of Clostridia isolated from fish sausages and fish hams, species names of which were shown in Table 2. Culture media employed in this experiment were the thioglycollate medium (TGC), the brain heart infusion medium containing 0.1% agar (BHI+A), and the BHI medium covered with sterile liquid paraffin (BHI+P) which were adjusted to pH 7. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of test drugs were determined in the respective medium containing binary dilution series of each drug after being incubated at 37°C for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours.
Results obtained may be summarized as follows:
1. As to CTC, no significant difference in MIC values was observed according to the kind of culture medium, while these values varied markedly by the length of incubation period which might be due to the instability of CTC in the culture media (Figs. 1 and 2).
2. In the case of TI, much higher MIC values were noted in the TGC medium than those obtained in both of the BHI media in spite of the stability of the drug in the TGC medium, whereas no appreciable change could be seen depending upon the length of incubation period (Table 1).
3. In the TGC medium, FF gave highest MIC values (Table 1), in addition, these values increased greatly according as the incubation period increased. These phenomena might be due to rapid inactivation of the drug by the action of reducing agents in the medium (Fig. 2). To the contrary, MIC values were fairly low when determined in either BHI-A or BHI-P medium, moreover, almost no appreciable change was noted by the length of incubation period (Tables 1 and 2).
4. Growth inhibitory effect of NFS to various Clostridia was found to be the lowest among 4 drugs so far tested, especially almost no activity was observed in the TGC medium which might be explained by the rapid destruction of the drug in the medium during incubation (Fig. 2).View full abstractDownload PDF (507K)
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