日本水産学会誌
Online ISSN : 1349-998X
Print ISSN : 0021-5392
ISSN-L : 0021-5392
33 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1~15を表示しています
  • アユ仔魚の腸管上皮の微細構造
    岩井 保
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 489-496
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The fine structure and possible function of gut epithelial cells in 1-day larvae of Plecoglossus altivelis were studied. In the middle and posterior portions of the gut, the epithelium is composed of columnar cells with microvilli intermingled with ciliated cells.
    Ciliary movements are visible in the posterior half of the gut and become vigorous posteriorly. Ciliated cells presumably play not only a food-conveying role but also a faeces-eliminating role. The cilia show the structural uniformity of the peculiar “9+2” pattern of fibers.
    The microvilli in the non-ciliated columnar cells are virtually the same in structure as the striated border of the intestinal absorptive cells, and pinocytotic vesicles occur at the bases of the intermicrovillous spaces. The structural evidence of these microvillous cells suggests the possibility of absorptive function.
  • 内田 至
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 497-507
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present study was carried out to resolve the growing phases of the Loggerhead Turtle, Caretta caretta (Linné), which were raised from just hatch out stage to the 4.5 years old in the Aquarium, since the knowledge on the Sea Turtle is very poor today.
    The carapace length, carapace width, head length, head width, shell depth and body weight were measured every month after the hatching and the data were treated by the biometrical method (Fig. 1).
    The result may be summarized as follows: 1. The growth rate of the carapace length and body weight from 1.5 years to 4.5 years found to follow the logistic curve of the Robertson formula (Fig. 2, 3).
    2. The relationships of the age (t year) and the carapace length (L mm) and body weight (W gr) of the Turtles are able to be expressed by the following formulae.
    LA=1041/1+exp1.1309-0.7038t LB=972/1+exp1.0877-0.7107t
    WA=110000/1+exp3.543-1.331t WB=91000/1+exp3.449-1.346t
    3. The growth of reared Turtles may attain 1040mm in maximum carapace length and 110kg in body weight, and attains the egg laying size in about 6-7 years.
    4. The alternating point of growth rates (dLA/dt, dLB/dt, dWA/dt, dWB/dt) was calculated as 3 years in the carapace length and 4 years in the body weight.
    5. The relationships between those meristic characters were able to be expressed by the formula of allmetric growth equations.
    (x) (y) range in mm
    Carapace length Carapace width y*=0.1709x1.4189 39-53
    Carapace length Carapace width y**=1.0608x0.9678 70-740
    Carapace length Shell depth y=0.4706x1.0081 39-245
    Carapace length Head length y=0.9643x0.7787 74-740
    Carapace length Head width y=1.1306x0.6821 74-740
    Carapace length Body weight y=0.0004910x2.8317 39-740
    Carapace width Body weight y=0.0004431x2.9147 43-740
    6. An inflection point was found in the relationship between carapace length and carapace width at 57.25mm in carapace length. It suggests the ecological or physiological or physiological changes occuring in Turtles. For example, morphological changes found in the upper jaw in the pointed end at the early growth stage (Fig. 7, Plate 1).
    7. At the criticl point, the proportion of body forms which were derived from the allometric growth, was able to be divide into two stages. The inherent body shape was constituted from this critical point onward.
    8. The growth gradient was taken a postero anterior gradient type by the body axis. The gradient was with high values in the posterior part.
  • 千田 哲資
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 508-512
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Though many biological works have been made on Japanese common squilla, there are few studies on the seasonal abundance, the vertical distribution and the diurnal migration of its alima larvae. The present author studied on this subject in the Seto Inland Sea (Fig. 1) by the year round survey with a fish larval net, 71.5cm in diameter, and obtained the follow-ing results.
    The larvae occurred during the period from June to October, especially abundantly from June to September (Fig. 2). No larvae larger than 2mm in carapace length were seen in June, while most of the larvae caught in October were 6-10mm (Table 2). The seasonal variation in abundance and in size composition of larvae, with due regard to their incubation period, suggest that the spawning season of squilla in this sea extends from the middle of May to the end of August.
    Alima larvae exhibit a distinct diurnal migration, rising to the sea surface by night (Table 1). Although this nature is recognized in every developmental stage of the pelagic larva, it seems that the nature is stronger in larger larvae. It may be possible that a larger part of the alima population is distributed just above, or on the sea bottom in the daytime.
  • 太平洋赤道海域のキハダにおける推定値への逐次加入の影響
    石井 丈夫
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 513-523
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    1) In tuna longline fishery, yellowfin tuna seems not to be recruited fully at a certain age, but sequentially over some years.
    2) The bias of estimated value of parameters by two ordinary methods, especially of the natural mortality coefficient (M), in age at which the recruitment is not completed is evaluated by simulation.
    3) When the rate of recruitment is derived from the normal distribution assuming that the fish recruits from Age 1 to Age 5 and the mode of recruitment is at Age 3, ?? in Ages 1 and 2 was impossible to obtain, and ?? in Ages 3 and 4 are smaller than M in each case. The bias of ?? in ages older than 4 is negligible.
    4) When the rate of recruitment calculated from the catch data and given values of M and q are used, ?? in Ages 3 and 4 are different from the given value, and that bias of ?? varies in each subarea. Especially in the subarea where the rate of recruitment changed, the variation is remarkable.
    5) In a fish population which has sequential recruitment, it is necessary to formulate a new method of estimating population parameters.
  • 松田 皎, 北原 武
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 524-530
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 小川 良徳
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 531-538
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The morphological changes of the brain of anchovy were elucidated in connection with its growth and then discussed in relation to the changes of behaviour.
    The results obtained are summarized as follows:
    1) The three stages may be recognized from the view of morphological changes in each part of the brain.
    (a) The 1st stage: “Shirasu” stage, less than 30mm in total length, when lobus opticus is exclusively large (and the other parts of the brain are not developed).
    (b) The 2nd stage: The stages from 40-60mm in total length when lobus opticus, each part of cerebellum, and saccus vasculosus are of adult type and when schooling behaviour and sight feeding behaviour are developed.
    (c) The 3rd stage: The stage over 70mm in total length when every part of the brain obtains adult type.
    2) Judging from the above mentioned results, there seems to be a close relation between the changes of behaviour of anchovy and morphological ones of its brain, especially distinct in lobus opticus, corpus cerebelli, valvula cerebelli, and saccus vasculosus.
  • 小川 良徳
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 539-543
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The morphological changes of the brain of goatfish were elucidated in connection with its growth and then discussed in relation to the changes of behaviour.
    The main results obtained are summarized as follows:
    1) The developments of lobus facialis and saccus vasculosus preceed the changes of behaviour.
    2) An intimate relationship can be seen between the changes of distinct in Telencephalon and lobus facialis.
  • 6-Hydroxymethyl-2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl) vinyl] pyridine (P-7138)
    清水 当尚, 高瀬 善行
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 544-554
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    6-Hydroxymethyl-2[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl) vinyl] pyridine (P-7138) showed the inhibitory activity in vitro at low concentrations (1mcg/ml or less) against the most of the tested gram positive and negative bacteria including several strains isolated from fishes and also active in vitro against fungi and trichomonas. This agent exhibited the therapeutic effect by both oral administration and bathing in fishes infected with Aeromonas liquefaciens. Especially the effect by bathing was excellent in low concentrations. The distribution and toxicity of this agent in fishes were also investigated.
  • 脂質成分再構成膜の水透過性について (2)
    白鳥 昌, 水野 治夫
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 555-559
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present paper, the authors examined the correlation between the size of the ion with the same sign and valency and the transport of water across cephalin-membrane. They also compared the effect of the ionic surfactants with that of the non-ionic surfactants. The results obtained were as follows:
    On the 1-1 type anionic surfactant, sodium lauryl sulfate (NaLS), sodium laurate (NaL), the height of transport curve increases with increasing concentration of the solution and its curve has no maximum point in the range of concentration examined (Fig. 1).
    With the 1-1 type cationic surfactant, trimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (TBACl), lauryl amine hydrochloride (LAHCl), the transport curve has a maximum point and the size of cation has no remarkable effect on the height of transport curve (Fig. 1).
    With the 1-1 type electrolyte, sodium acetate (NaAc), soluble saccharin (SaNa), the trans-port curve has a maximum point in the range of concentration examined (Fig. 2).
    On the non-ionic surfactant, saponin, Span 20, the transport curve lies in the region of the negative osmosis (Fig. 3).
    The transport curve of the urea is analogous to that of the sucrose (Fig. 4).
    The transport curves of all surfactants have no special change at their c. m. c. (critical concentration for the formation of micell).
  • 高橋 喬, 森下 達雄, 立野 新光
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 560-566
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The colorimetric method employing esters of β-naphthol (acetate, laurate, stearate) as chromogenic substrates was proposed by NACHLAS and SELIGMAN1). Using this method they have determined the activities of esterase and lipase in serum2, 3), and of urinary lipase4). RAVIN and SELIGMAN5) have studied the various fatty acid esters of β-naphthol in order to find a chromogenic substrate for distinguishing lipase and esterase more precisely. In these experiments, the esterolytic activities were measured at alkalin or neutral ranges, but not at acidic pH.
    To elucidate on the digestive enzymes in fish, however, it is necessary to measure the esterolytic activities even at acidic pH. The analytical procedure reported by them, could not be applied directly at acidic ranges. This report deals with the improvement of the original procedure. Based on the results shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3 the procedure was modified as follows.
    The substrate is prepared by mixing 50ml of buffer solution, 10ml of acetone containing the ester (12mg), 2ml of 1 per cent aerosol solution, and 38ml. of distilled water. At 30°C, 1ml of enzyme solution and 5ml of substrate are incubated (a) for 20mins for acetate, (b) for 1 hr for laurate, (c) for 3-24 hrs for stearate. At the end of the incubation 5ml of 0.44M trichloroacetic acid solution is added to the reaction mixture and filtered. Two milliliters of the filtrate is pipetted into a test tube and 5ml of 0.4M Na2HPO4 solution is added. To the mixture is poured 1ml of freshly prepared, chilled solution containing 4mg of tetrazonium salt, and the mixture is shaken. After 1min, the resulting mixture is shaken with 10ml of ethyl acetate. After more than 50mins, the red component of the purple azo dye extracted with the solvent is measured at 540mμ.
  • 池田 静徳, 田口 武
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 567-571
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. Effect of added α-tocopherol on the solubility of actomyosin in the presence of linoleic acid was investigated. By the addition of α-tocopherol the increase of TBA value was effectively diminished, while the insolubilization of actomyosin was prevented only slightly.
    2. On the other hand, the stability of actomyosin itself in the absence of fatty acid was preserved markedly by the addition of α-tocopherol.
    3. Supposing the existence of some lipids in the actomyosin preparation, which account for the protective effect of α-tocopherol on the stability of actomyosin, identification of the lipids was carried out. The results indicated that the actomyosin from yellowtail muscle contained lecithin.
  • 伊藤 啓二, 宮沢 啓輔, 橋本 芳郎
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 572-577
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. γ-Guanidinobutyric acid has been isolated and identified in the extracts of a red alga, Gymnogongrus flabelliformis.
    2. By ion-exchange chromatography, concentrations of guanidino and guanylureido compounds in the extracts have been determined. Gongrine and gigartinine were found to occupy more than the one-third of extractive nitrogen and show a marked seasonal variation in concentration.
  • 沖合海域における硝酸化成細菌の分布とその役割について
    吉田 陽一, 木俣 正夫
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 578-585
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Wakasa Bay and its offshore being picked out as the object of investigation in the offshore region, the distribution of marine nitrifying bacteria and the role played by them in the region were examined. The results obtained are as follows;
    1. Marine nitrifying bacteria always occur in the sea water as well as in the bottom muds but the bacterial counts are very low, i.e. 100-102 cells/l and ca. 101 cells/g or less, respectively. Contrary to Maizuru Bay, most of nitrification in the offshore region might be carried out in the sea water rather than in the bottom muds, because estimated total number of the bacteria in the former is far larger than those in the latter.
    2. In the sea water ammonia and nitrite concentrations always are very low, the concentration of soluble organic nitrogen compounds is always comparatively high and also nitrate concentration always is very low in euphotic zone but comparatively high in disphotic and aphotic zones. The facts might suggest that nitrate is a low concentration in euphotic zone because it is rapidly consumed by phytoplankton, but it is accumulated comparatively much in disphotic and aphotic zones because it is scarcely consumed by them, being formed by oxidizing ammonia.
    3. A part of the nitrate which has been accumulated in disphotic and aphotic zones might be brought to euphotic zone by the vertical mixture such as eddy diffusion and the distribution of these nitrogen compounds seems to balance under the condition mentioned above.
  • 松任 茂樹, 永山 文男, 小野 豊樹
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 586-590
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    It has been reported that the content of volatile carbonyls in frozen halibut increases during freeze-storage. Although the role of carbonyls in discoloration in frozen halibut is still obscure, it should be interesting to identify these carbonyls.
    2, 4-Dinitrophenylhydrazones of volatile monocarbonyls were obtained from the water-homogenate and the n-hexane extracts of halibut meat. The hydrazones were analyzed by thin layer chromatography on silica gel with dioxane-water system and 2-phenoxyethanol-n-hexane system.
    Ethanal was identified as the main carbonyl in the water homogenate, and only small amounts of methanal and propan-2-one were detected on chromatograms. The carbonyls identified from the n-hexane extracts were propanone, butanone, pentan-2-one, and hexan-2-one. Another hydrazone of which ultraviolet absorption is similar to alkanone was isolated but unidentified. Methanal, ethanal and n-nonanal were also detected, and several other n-alkanals seemed to be present.
  • 山田 金次郎
    1967 年 33 巻 6 号 p. 591-603
    発行日: 1967/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
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