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34 巻, 4 号
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カツオ・マグロ類を伴なつた漂流木について井上 元男, 天野 良平, 岩崎 行伸, 山内 稔1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 283-287
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe object of this paper is to clarify the characteristics of the drifting woods on the ocean that are accompanied by skipjack and tunas from close observation of the woods themselves. In 1952-1963 the authors had opportunities to obtain the data on the drifting woods through cooperation of many commercial fishing vessels and research vessel Tokaidaigaku Maru. The specimens of the dritfwoods are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 1. The woods followed by skipjack and tunas showed a peculiar biological environment as shipworms and other shells attached on the outside or into the inside of the woods. Dominant animals found on the driftwoods that were accompanied by skipjack and tunas were Teredora aurita and Lepas anserifera. Dominant sessils animals to driftwoods that were not accompanied by skipjack and tunas were Lepas anserifera, which were found in plenty, Planes minutus, and barnacles, Balanus sp. The difference between woods accompanied by skipjack and tunas and those not accompanied by these fish seems to lie in the existence or non-existence of Teredora aurita. Judging from the length of the burrows caused by Teredora aurita, the authors presume that driftwoods turn to attract skipjack and tunas behind them while the driftwoods were drifting on the sea for at least one year.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (693K) -
マグロ類の生態研究としての人工漂流木の標識試験について井上 元男, 天野 良平, 岩崎 行伸, 山内 稔1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 288-294
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the relation between the driftwood and the boring and sessile animals and the route of the driftwood, etc., the authors had made a series of marking experiments, releasing the experimental driftwoods of lauan (Fig. 1) in the area southeast of Formosa and in the eastern waters of Mariana Islands. The experimental driftwoods were recovered about 5% (Table 1, Fig.2). As compared with the natural driftwoods, the driftwoods recovered showed a remarkable difference in the appearance (Fig. 3). The fishermens who recovered the experimental driftwwods reported that those woods were not followed by skipjack and tunas at the time of the recovery on the sea.
On the experimental driftwoods recovered in this experiment, the predominance of Teredora aurita which had developed on the natural driftwoods that were followed by skipjack and tunas could not be found, perhaps because the drifting period of the experimental driftwoods was too short. Further on the experimental driftwoods which had been set on the Izu coast for comparison, Lepas anserifera of big shell, Amphipoda sp., and Balanus tintinnabulum which were seen in plenty on the natural driftwoods could not be founn.
Accordingly further studies on the mechanism alluring skipjack and tunas to a driftwood are necessary. To release the experimental driftwoods in more southern seas than the adjacent waters of Formosa and to research the environment of the places where many driftwoods gather by wind or sea current seem also to be necessary.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1114K) -
谷口 武夫1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 295-299
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe hydrodynamic resistance of various types of cod ends of towing net (Figs. 1-3, Table 1) was measured experimentally. The results were compared with theoretical values which had been given by some formulae for the resistance (Eqs. 10, 13, 14, 15, V-l, -2 and -3) of the previous2) and the present reports of this series.
So far as the present series of model experiment have concerned (towing speed is in the range from 0.1 to 2.5m/sec), the resistance of each net increased in proportion to 1.8-1.9 power of towing speed and was about the same each other both from the results of the theory and the experiment, regardless of net type (Table 2, Fig. 5). And the drag-coefficients of netting twine of these nets were almost coincide with that of infinite circular cylinder (Fig. 4). Beside, the shape of each net during model experiment almost conformed to that expected by the theory as in the previous report2).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (247K) -
島根県における漕刺網による漁獲量の日変化北原 武1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 300-304
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (290K) -
米 康夫1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 305-309
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is well known that antibiotics and nitrofuran derivatives promote the growth and prevent or cure the disease of domestic animals. Some of these agents are also reported to have a curative effectiveness on fish diseases. However, many studies1) have shown that antibiotics have no growth promoting effect on trout. There have been no previous studies on the growth promoting effect of nitrofuran derivatives for fish. This current study deals with the effects of furazolidone, N-5-nitro-2-furfurylidene-3-amino-2-oxazolidone, on the growth and on the feed efficiency of red sea bream, Chrysophyrys major.
The results obtained can be summarized as follows:
(1) Furazolidone promoted the growth of red sea bream with higher feed efficiency. The growth and the feed efficiency of fish fed 0.01% level furazolidone were best, and those fed 0.1% level were less than those of the control group (Table 2 and Fig. 1).
(2) The protein and fat contents of the dorsal muscle of fish fed furazolidone were nearly identical to those of the control fish (Table 3).
(3) The differences between the ratio of the weight of liver, heart, kidney and milt to body weight of furazolidone fed fish and those of control fish were insignificant (Table 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (358K) -
一定区域内における貝の生息量の推定方法と貝桁網の漁獲効率塩川 司, 桑岡 亦好, 藤木 哲夫, 立石 賢1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 310-314
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) In order to estimate the total number of ark shells Scapharca broughtoni (SCHRENCK) living in a limited area and to clarify catching efficiency of this species caught by ark shell dredge, towing experiments were made in a rectangular test area, 600m×10m, in southern Omura Bay, Nagasaki Pref., Japan (Fig. 1). The test area was 10m in depth with a muddy bottom. In addition to the native ark shell population, a total of 4, 950 individuals of marked shell obtained from the same bay one day before were released. From June 16 to 17, 1965, one week after releasing, two dredges were towed simultaneously from a boat (1.1 tons, 6 p. s.) at an average speed of 80cm/sec. Thirty tows were made altogether.
Specifications of the iron dredge used in the present study are as follows: i) The entrance flame, 125cm in width and 27cm in height, furnishes with 22 hooks. The hook is 32cm in length and the aperture between hooks is 4.5cm. ii) The mesh size of nylon collecting bag attached to the flame is 6cm (Fig. 2).
2) The results of towing experiments are summarized in Table 1. At first, the total number of native ark shells in the test area was estimated at 2, 388 (Fig. 3). Then the accuracy of this method was tested by estimating the number of marked shells released. The figure obtained (4, 969) coincided fairly well with that actually released (4, 950), indicating the reliability of the method.
3) Applying the estimated total number of native ark shell in the area, the catching efficiency for each towing was calculated both for native and marked shells (Table 2). The catching efficiency of the present dredge was estimated as 0.138±0.055 at a confidence level of 95 per cent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (357K) -
胃袋の中にみられる餌生物の層状について上野 元一1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 315-318
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (216K) -
水平反転運動肥後 伸夫1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 319-323
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this study, the correlation between the width of the horizontal U-turn motion and the body width of the fish was investigated.
The experiments were carried out in the waterway set up at the bottom of the circulation-type large tank. The fish used were gold fish, Carassius auratus. These fish were made to be swimming against the flowing current in the waterway specially prepared with the two pieces of plastic plates (Fig. 1).
As the experimental condition, the current velocity was assorted into the 3 grades, the interval of the waterway was arranged into the 8 grades (Fig. 2). The electric stimulus was given the fish just before passing between the both electrodes for U-turn motion of the fish. The experiments under the same condition were repeated three times on each fish.
The results obtained are as follows;
(1) The body width may be regarded as the fittest factor of the U-turn motion (Fig. 2). The widths of the waterway in which the U-turn motion of fish can take place aptly were observed to be π-times of the body widths.
(2) Through the results of Fig. 6, the relationship between the swimming width (L) and the radius of the curvature of the dorsal line (R) may be expressed, generally, as following formula;
L/R=B/0.81B-0.22 here, B is the body width.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (351K) -
モジャコの漁獲率三谷 文夫1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 324-334
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper deals with the rate of exploitation of the “mojako”, the juvenile of the yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata TEMMINCK et SCHLEGEL, in the sea west off Kyushu based on the investigations for the purpose of an assessment of the effect of fishing the “mojako” on the maintenance of yellowtail stock. The investigations under report were carried out during the period from the end of May to the middle of June, 1965.
The methods of survey are the same as those of the 1964-survey, and the details were already given in the previous papers (References 1), 2), and 3)). Dates and areas of the surveys in 1965 are shown in Table 1 and Figs. 1 and 2.
The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) The floating seaweeds are for the most part found in the waters within 50km from the coast (Fig. 6).
2) From the aerial observations, the amount (A) of floating seaweeds is estimated a total of about 530, 000m2 in area or 4, 000 metric tons in weight (Table 3).
3) Population size (N) of the “mojako” is computed to be about 5, 000, 000 fish in number in total through the equation of N=d×A, where d is the density (in number) of the “mojako” per 1m2 of floating seaweeds (Table 3).
4) The rate of exploitation (E) of the “mojako” for the season is calculated at 4.8% for the mid-waters off Kyushu (III in Fig. 6), at 3.6% for the northwestern waters off Kyushu (II in Fig. 6) and at 15.2% for the waters off Yamaguchi Prefecture (I in Fig. 6), while 11.9% for the through waters west of Kyushu, by the equation of Ei=Ci/Ni, where Ci is the commercial catch in number from fishing grounds of the “mojako” (Table 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1025K) -
池田 静徳, 田口 武1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 335-338
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. Effect of added lecithin on the solubility of actomyosin during storage at 2°C was investigated. The decrease in the amount of soluble protein was protected proportionally with the amount of added leicthin. However, the protective effect became weaker with the progress of storage time, exhibiting the increase of TBA value in the actomyosin-lecithin system.
2. By the addition of α-tocopherol to the actomyosin-lecithin system, the increase of TBA value was diminished remarkably. Moreover, the protective effect of α-tocopherol on the decrease of soluble protein was enhanced with the duration of storage.
3. From these results, the possibility was discussed that the lecithin in reducing form would contribute to keeping the actomyosin in stable state.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (237K) -
田口 武, 池田 静徳1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 339-343
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. The lecithin content in different purification stages of actomyosin from yellowtail was determined successively. From the result, it was assumed that the purified actomyosin contains a constant amount of lecithin (Table 1).
2. The amount of lecithin extracted from the actomyosin treated with organic solvents suggests that the lecithin is possibly bound loosly with protein (Table 2).
3. The lipids of actomyosin preparations from several different species of fish were identified. From the results, it appears that the major part of the lipids contained in a fish actomyosin is lecithin (Fig. 1).
4. There was a significant difference in the lecithin contents among the actomyosin preparation from several species of fish (Table 3).
5. The content of myosin dissociable from the actomyosin in the presence of ATP was determined. The comparison of the myosin contents in the actomyosin preparations from several fish showed that the actomyosin having a high level of lecithin had a high value in the content ratio of myosin (Table 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (413K) -
山形 誠, 堀本 勝也, 長岡 忠二郎1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 344-350
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe TMO determination method applied here consists of two steps; TMO is reduced to TMA with titanous chloride by the method of BYSTEDT et al.6) with a slight modification, and the TMA formed is measured by the micro-diffusion method according to BEATTY and GIBBONS5). After confirming its reliability and accuracy in practical use (Table 3), the method was used to measure the TMO content in various parts of the muscle of frozen yellowfin tuna. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. The TMO content in the muscle of green tuna was markedly high, compared with that of normal tuna, especially in the supericial layer of body muscle, and in the muscles near head and tail-end (Table 5).
2. The red muscle and the muscles adjacent to fins were observed to contain TMO at high levels, irrespective of whether the origin was normal or green tuna (Table 5). In this connection, it was confirmed that TMO in these muscles was converted into TMA fairly rapidly after death of the fish.
3. The degree of greening after cooking was in good proportion to the TMO concentration of the corresponding part before cooking (Table 6).
4. Based on these results, it was suggested that the interior portion of dorsal muscle (Portion No. 4 or 5 at section b, in Fig. 1) is most suitable to be analyzed for prediction of green tuna before cooking.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (446K) -
熱変性速度とその機構上田 侃男, 志水 寛, 清水 亘1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 351-356
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. Heat denaturation of fish actomyosin is supposed to be of the first order.
2. Comparisons are made on the velocities of heat denaturation among three species of fishes.
3. Activation energy for heat denaturation of fish actomyosins is about 55k cal/mol regardless of species. The same mechanism of heat denaturation is presumed to occur regardless of the species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (275K) -
加熱すり身のゲル形成能上田 侃男, 志水 寛, 清水 亘1968 年 34 巻 4 号 p. 357-361
発行日: 1968/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. When ground yellow-tail muscle is heated at 20-50°C for 30 minutes, increases and decreases in the gel-strength are found over the temperature ranges 30-35°C and 45-50°C, respectively.
2. The increases and decreases in the gel-strength are supposed to occur by formation and deformation of the “setting”.
3. The temperature range over which the changes in the gel-strength occur are different from species to species. For instance, ground red-halibut muscle shows increase in the gel-strength by heating at 25°C for 30 minutes, while ground yellowtail muscle shows increase at 35°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (285K)
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