巻号一覧
34 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
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アカアマダイに対する漕刺網の網目選択性曲線北原 武1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 759-763
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (308K) -
Phenolによる急性中毒死狩谷 貞二, 衛藤 修子, 小笠原 迪1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 764-769
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this study, an attempt was made to detect phenol in the fish body killed by phenol solutions. The quantity of phenol was determined by the Gibbs method. Dissolve fish body in 10% sodium hydroxide. Distill after acidifing with phosphoric acid. Add 4ml of buffer solution to 80ml of distillate, and adjust pH from 9.2 to 9.6. Add 2ml of the Gibbs reagent. Hold the mixture for 1 hour in a 37°C incubator, and then cool to room temperature. Add 20ml of n-butyl alcohol and shake the mixture well. Separate the alcohol layer, and determine light absorption in 660mμ wave length.
In these experiments the 48h TLm of rainbow trout, carp and Ayu fish (Plecoglossus altivelis) for phenol was about 4 ppm, 50 ppm and 9 ppm, respectively.
Phenol was not present in the normal fish bodies, but it was clearly detected in the fish bodies killed by phenol solutions. It was also possible to detect phenol even after washing by running tap water for 24 hours after death. Phenol was detected in the skin, muscle, gill, digestive organs, liver, spleen and kidney of rainbow trout killed by phenol solution (Table 5), whereas it was not detected in the digestive organs, liver, spleen and kidney of animals kept in the solution for 5 hours after death by suffocation (Table 6).
Thus it was concluded that this method could be used as one of the methods for postmortem identification of the pollutant in fish killed by water pollution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (312K) -
成長休止帯の形成時期とその周期千国 史郎1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 770-774
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTime and periodicity of the formation of resting zone, as suggested in the previous report, were studied here for 99 specimens caught in the Bering Sea from May 1965 to April 1966 (Table 1 & Fig. 1).
Seasonal changes of the marginal increments were examined, relative to the distance between the outermost two resting zones, in order to observe the growth of scale (Fig. 2, 3, and Table 2). The resting zones seem to stop growing around March to June, while not so clearly as it is, supposed to begin growing around December to March.
There, it is concluded that the resting zone on scale is formed once in a year, that is, regarded as the annual zone. In other words, it has been ascertained that the scale characters is useful for age determination of Sebastodes alutus in the Bering Sea.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (307K) -
流れ藻の漁獲率田中 昌一1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 775-780
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) The fishing coefficient F, coefficient of drifting away D and rate of exploitation E of the drifting seaweeds are calculated for several experiments in each of which a substantial number of recoveries was obtained.
2) Most of the estimates of ακF are within the limits of 2 ?? 3% per day. Tag shedding rate M is estimated as 2% per day. If a is assumed to be one, many of the estimates of D fall within a range of 0.10 ?? 0.15, though extremely deviated values of less than 0.01 or more than 0.3 are also obtained depending upon the areas and periods of release.
3) The rate of exploitation is estimated at 7% at its minimum and 73% at its maximum. Fishing for mojako may have a substantial effect on the part of stock which enter into the fishing grounds.
4) Estimates of F obtained seem to be fairly reliable, But the effect of fishing on mojako stock would be more weak than that estimated here if mojako are also distributed outside the fishing grounds and some of them are migrating independently of seaweeds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (395K) -
魚の大小と飽食量との関係石渡 直典1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 781-784
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe satiation amount is standardized by the method described in the previous reports1 ?? 4) and the relationship between body weight and satiation amount is examined. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
As the body weight increases the satiation amount increases proportionately (Fig. 1 A). However, with increase in the body weight, the “satiation ratio” (satiation amount/body weight) declines (Fig. 2 A). Further, the stomach weight is proportionate to the body weight and the ratio (stomach weight/body weight) declines as the body weight increases (Fig. 1 B and 2 B). This phenomenon is due to the fact that the lighter fishes have a larger (stomach weight/body weight) ratio. In short, smaller fishes have larger stomachs for their size and thus a larger satiation ratio.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (206K) -
飽食量に影響する外的条件 (1)石渡 直典1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 785-791
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe satiation amount is standardized by the method described in the previous reports1-4) and external factors affecting the satiation amount are examined. In the present investigation, the influence of the kind of food on the satiation amount is examined. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
The satiation amount of a school of fish varies with the kind of food given. The satiation amount with one kind of food can be increased further by feeding with more suitable food (Figs. 1, 2, and 3). In this study it is found that a highly preferred food has a high satiation amount.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (452K) -
分布・形態及び種の同定について中島 健次, 江草 周三1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 792-809
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA lot of bladder worms were found out in the abdominal cavities of emaciated cultured yellowtails in early spring, 1967, in a fish farm on the west coast of the island of Shikoku. The number of the worms per fish varied from 6 to over 20 and the emaciation of fish was attributed to this parasite. A succeeding survey revealed that not only cultured but also natural yellowtails along the whole stretch of the aforementioned coast mostly harvoured the same parasite at any season. This parasite, however, has not yet been noticed in any fish farms in the other regions.
Most of the blastocysts obtained were tadpole-shaped and ranged in body length from 5.8-28.0mm, but part of them had the shape of an egg (6.5-9.4mm) or the shape of a nematode (8.7-21.2mm) (Plate I, Fig. 1). Unencysted nematode-shaped blastocysts were occasionally noticed, particularly around the stomach of fish. Unexpectedly a few specimens in which the embryo partialy emerged from the cyst were discovered in the abdominal cavity of a fish (Plate I, Fig. 2). It was observed that in part of the egg-shaped or tadpole-shaped blastocysts examined an embryo had already been formed the receptaculm of the blastocyst. The rate of occurrence of blastocysts with embryo varied from 21.4-77.5% depending on the group of fish samples (Table 2).
Morphological observations were carried out of the 185 blastocysts obtained from 5 cultured and 1 natural yellowtails and of the 136 embryos collected from the blastocysts (Fig. 1 and Plate I, Fig. 3-7). The dimensions and proportions of the parts, or organs of the embryos were measured on fixed specimens (Table 3). Observations and measurements of the tentacle hooks were made on live embryos obtained from cultured yellowtails. The results are givenin Table 4, Fig. 2 and Plate II, Fig. 10-14.
On the basis of these observations the present worm was classified as belonging to the genus Callotetrarhynchus. It resembles in the arrangement of hooks three species of the genus; C. speciosum LINTON, C. gracillimum PINTNER, C. lepidum CHANDLER, and Tentacularia pseudodera SHULER, but it is definitely different from any of them in the size and proportions of the body parts and some morphological characteristics of the embryos. This strongly suggests the possibility that the present worm is a new species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2857K) -
緑色色素とスルフォミグロビンおよびヘモクロームとの異同小泉 千秋1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 810-815
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe green tuna pigment obtained from our model system was compared with sulfMb and choleheme or verdoheme compounds on their absorption spectra.
1. SulfMb in aqueous SDS does not show any absorption in the orange region of the spectrum, while the green tuna pigment revealed a weak but definite maximum at 640 ?? 605 mμ.
2. Absorption maxima reported on cholehemichrome, cholehemochrome, and carboxycholehemochrome did not agree with those observed on the corresponding derivatives of green tuna pigment.
3. Absorption spectrum of the green tuna pigment lacked the maximum at 760 mμ specific for verdomyoglobin.
From these results, the pigment responsible for “green” tuna was concluded to be different in the structure of prosthetic group from sulfMb, and choleheme and verdoheme compounds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (336K) -
真皮の酸可溶性核酸成分林 征一, 斎藤 恒行1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 816-825
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe fish skin has a peculiar character both in its structure and chemical components. But little has been known about the relations between the physiological functions and the chemical constituents.
On the other hand, many kinds of nucleotides have been found recently as the metabolic intermediates of some biologically important materials. So we have studied the occurrence of the nucleotides and their related compounds in the skin of some fishes so as to discover their relations to their biochemical aspects.
The acid-soluble nucleotides and related compounds in the dermis of fishes were analyzed by anion-exchange chromatography (Dowex 1×8 100-200 mesh formate type). Carp, Rainbow trout and Salmon were used in these experiments.
The results obtained are as follows;
Among the nucleotides, nucleosides and bases studied, hypoxanthine was found in the richest amount. The ratio of hypoxanthine content in all the identified compounds (expressed as μ moles/g fresh weight in Table 3) was 47% (Carp), 71% (Rainbow trout), 88% (Salmon male) and 65% (Salmon female) respectively. Small amounts of uridylic acid, cytidylic acid and inosinic acid were also identified. In addition to these compounds, pteridine was identified in the dermis of Rainbow trout.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (498K) -
血清中の色素蛋白量の季節変化山口 勝巳, 橋本 周久, 松浦 文雄1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 826-835
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe eel serum was monthly examined for the blue-green chromoprotein concentration throughout a year. The concentration was neither sex-nor growth-dependent. A seasonal variation of the concentration was found for both cultured and wild eels: The concentration was highest in July and August, 3 ?? 5 times as much as that in winter. The seasonal variation was clearer in the case of cultured eel, roughly consisting with that of the amount of foodstuff given, With the catadromous eels, a complete disappearance of the chromoprotein was confirmed.
Based on these results, the physiological role of the chromoprotein was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (464K) -
松田 由美子1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 836-840
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEffect of pre-freezing rate on the quality of lyophilized “tokoroten”, gelidium jelly, was examined.
The jellies were freeze-dried in a vacuum freeze dryer at a platen temperature of 60°C and chamber pressure of 20-300μHg after being frozen by the following methods: spraying with liquid nitrogen, vacuum freezing, air blast (3m/sec) freezing at -30°C freezing on a cold plate at -30°C and still air freezing at -21°C (Fig. 1).
When the jelly was frozen at a higher rate, the shape of lyophilized product remained unchanged and its tissue was fine (Fig. 3-2), whereas the one frozen at a slower rate gave a shrinked product and its tissue was rough (Fig. 3-5).
Although the ultra-quick freezing by spraying with liquid nitrogen gave a product whose tissue was very fine, remarkable cracks and projections resulted during the subsequent freeze-drying (Fig. 3-1). The colour of lyophilized jelly was more preferable as the rate of prefreezing was higher. A slight difference was observed in the distribution of ash and dissolution velocity in hot water. However, the freezing rate did not affect the reconstitution of the products: the quality of all the jellies made from the dried products was similar to that of original jelly.
It may be concluded from these results as well as the simplicity in processing that the vacuum freezing is the most preferable method for pre-treatment of the jelly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (530K) -
松田 由美子1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 841-846
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present study was undertaken to find a proper method for the production of dried “tokoroten, ” gelidium jelly, which, on reconstitution, gives a jelly having favourable flavour and elasticity similar to those of the original one.
The jellies were dehydrated by the following four different methods: A) Freeze-drying after vacuum freezing, B) Freeze-drying after still air freezing at -21°C, C) Drying at room temperature after still air freezing at -25°C and subsequent thawing in still air, and D) Drying at room temperature after still air freezing at -25°C and subsequent thawing in running tap water. Among them, the latter two methods correspond to the conventional one for the production of agar-agar in Japan.
After being stored in carton boxes at room temperature for a definite period, the dried samples were reconstituted into jellies for examination of various properties.
Immediately after processing, the dried products obtained by the former two methods gave the jellies quite similar to the original one in all the properties examined, although the jellies prepared from the stored products showed a slight discolouration, increase of jelly strength and off-flavour.
On the other hand, the properties of jellies from the dried samples produced by the latter two methods were considerable different from those of original one even immediately after drying. This may be due to the loss of water-soluble constituents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (404K) -
サバ幽門垂からプロティナーゼの分離・精製大城 善太郎1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 847-852
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCrude extract was obtained through homogenizing mackerel pyloric caeca with water, followed by the filtration of the homogenate through Celite. By precipitating the extract with ammonium sulfate under the saturation degree from 0.3 to 0.7, the proteinase fraction was isolated from the extract.
The fractionation of this precipitate by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose column caused it to be separated into six enzyme fractions, of which only one fraction having a high activity: the specific fraction being further purified by gel filtration with Sephadex G-200.
By this purification was made the removal of two sorts of contaminating proteins from the proteinase fraction. Concerning the structure and molecular size the enzyme preparation seemed to have been almost homogeneous.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (322K) -
アミノ酸-還元糖-脂質糸およびアミノ酸-還元糖糸における変色反応豊水 正道, 山崎 統道, 古森 善裕1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 853-856
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe authors1) have suggested the probability that reducing sugar might participate in rusting caused by the reaction between oxidized lipid and nitrogenous compound. In an attempt to gain understanding of the relation between browning reaction, caused by amino acid, reducing sugar and oxidized lipid, and Maillard reaction, model dehydrated systems were used under storage conditions at 30° or 20°C, for 7 days (Table 1).
In all systems, the discoloration rates in lipids-containing systems were more rapid than in systems without lipids (Tables 2 and 3). Effects of reducing sugars and reaction temperatures on the discoloration rates in the presence of lipids showed the same tendencys as in the absence of lipids, while that of amino acids did not always show same tendency (Tables 2 and 3 and Fig. 1). Sodium bisulfite inhibited Maillard reaction, but did not inhibit browning in the presence of lipids (Fig. 3). Moreover, glucose 1-phosphate participated in browning reaction only in the presece of lipids (Fig. 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (256K) -
アミノ酸-還元糖-脂質系での油焼機構豊水 正道, 種 忠勇1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. 857-862
発行日: 1968/09/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt has been known that nonenzymatic browning in fish muscle is caused by Maillard reaction or lipid oxidation, however no report has been presented about the correlation between them. In an attempt to elucidate it, browning in lysine-ribose-fatty acids (R), lysine-ribose (M) and lysine fatty acids (L) systems was studied in model dehydrated systems (Table 1).
The colored products were extracted from these systems and fractionated into dialyzed water soluble fraction formed by Maillard reaction and CHCl3-MeOH soluble fraction by lipid oxidation (Fig. 1). These colored fractions from R system were compared with those from M system, i. e. Maillard system or from L system, i. e. lipid oxidation system respectively, in color intensity (Table 2) and by spectro analyses and thin layer chromatography (Figs. 2-6). In R system, Maillard reaction was accelerated by lipid oxidation, while lipid oxidation was inhibited by Maillard reaction (Table 3). Consequently, browning in R system was due mainly to Maillard reaction, suggesting that browning by Maillard reaction might play an important role in rusting of fish muscle containing nitrogenous compound, reducing sugar and unsaturated lipid. Further, the reason why sodium bisulfite did not inhibit browning in the presence of lipid was that it could not inhibit Maillard reaction (Table 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (498K) -
1968 年 34 巻 9 号 p. e1
発行日: 1968年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (13K)
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