巻号一覧
35 巻, 7 号
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ウナギおよびモルモット対する壊死因子清水 朋子1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 613-618
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeparation of necrotic factors of Aeromonas for eel and guinea pig was attempted. Both factors appeared as a single peak in gel filtration and ultracentrifugal analysis, showing a S20W of 2.6. Results suggest that the necrotic activities for eel and guinea pig are combined in one molecule.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (408K) -
狩谷 貞二, 高橋 正雄1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 619-623
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper, it was reported that in the stomach of Scomber 8 hours was required for the main digestion and 21 hours for the complete digestion and food intake changed with the process of digestion.
In this study, we attempted to express the feeding activity with the speed at which Scomber catches five pieces of bait given. Two groups of Scomber were prepared, one composed of 159 fish and the other 122 fish. During the first 2 or 3 days of captivity the fish showed little interest in feeding. Both groups were trained to take foods given by experimenters. The conditioning of the fish was completed in less than a week. Under fasting conditions, they formed a tight, compact school at a depth of 1 meter. In early stages of feeding, each fasting individual fish rushed at the food given and took it vigorously at a depth of about 0.3 meters. Rushing speed decreased with the time elasped. After 4 seconds, some fishes begun to form a loose school at a depth of about 1 meter, while others were still swimming freely at a depth of about 0.3 meters. Then the feeding activity grew slower. At last, all fish formed a tight, compact school again at a depth of about 1 meter and took no notice of the food. The time required for satiation rate of fish food to reach levels below 60% was constant, being only 1-4 seconds. As satiation rate increased over 70%, the time increased rapidly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (317K) -
水深別にみた分布密度と甲幅組成今 攸1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 624-628
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous paper the author estimated the successive molting stages of the tanner crab, Chionoecetes opilio, obtained off the coast of Wakasa Bay of the Japan Sea. This paper deals with the vertical density distribution of the various molting stages of the crab, and the estimation of the vertical migration patterns during its life-span.
Materials used in the present paper were almost identical with those used in the previous one. Because the juvenile crabs of 10mm or less in their carapace width were collected only from the stomachs of deep-sea ophidiaid fishes, they are omitted from the present study.
The depth of the largest catch per one operation was 225m, and the smaller catch was encountered as the depth increases (Table 1).
Considering the distribution patterns and its migratory ability, the author noticed that juvenile crabs up to the 6th molting stage (19.6mm in the width of carapace of male, 19.0mm in female) were widely distributed in the regions of 275m depth-stratum (250-299m) and deeper strata. It seems that the planktonic larvae settle on the bottom of these depthes as the crawlers. At the 7th (27.3mm in male, 27.9mm in female) and 8th stages (36.8mm in male, 37.2mm in female) migration toward shallower waters appears to occur, and by the 9th (49.2mm in male, 49.6mm in female) and 10th stages (65.2mm in male, 66.2mm in female) these young crabs of both sexes assemble together with each other as a large school in the 225m depth-stratum (200-249m) (Fig. 1). The last molt of females takes place in this depthstratum, and, simultaneously, the crabs attain the adult stage. Immediately after copulation the migration of the female crabs toward a slightly deeper zone (240 to 260m) seems to occur. Males also dwell in 225m depth-stratum until they grow to about 85mm in their carapace width. After completion of mating the males disperse into the waters between 275 and 375 m depth-strata. These adult males would never return again to the depth as shallow as 225m depth-stratum, although there may be vertical and seasonal migrations of the crabs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (365K) -
操業方法の違いによる漁獲差平山 信夫1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 629-634
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWe have two operational methods in retrieving the tuna longline setting in the water; one of them is to start hauling from the end unit which was set lastly and the other is to start from the line which was set firstly. The former is called “Counter retrieving” and the latter is called “Returning retrieving”.
In the present paper, the problem whether or not the difference of the soaking time depending upon the different retrieving methods has influence on the catch was studied. The results obtained are as follows.
1) The soaking time tn of n-th gear unit (basket) in hauling order, are shown respectively as follows, for counter retrieving
tn=n/B0(τ1+τ2)+τ3
and for returning retrieving
t'n=n/B0(τ2-τ1)+τ1+τ3, where τ1 is the time required to set all gears, τ2 the time required to retrieve them, τ3 the time required to haul the gears from setting to retrieving and B0 number of the line units used by one operation.
2) There is almost no difference of catch between both operations. This seems to be due to the fact that the mean soaking time of gears is equal between them.
3) The fishing effectiveness in the period of setting the gear is estimated about 1.5 times as much as the effectiveness in the period of retrieving in the both operations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (282K) -
漁獲作用の理論的取り扱い平山 信夫1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 635-640
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe principal factors contributing to fishing effectiveness of a long-line gear during the fishing period may be the soaking duration of the individual hook, the bait loss due to stealing by tuna or other fish, failing by dropping off from hook and shark-damage. The present paper deals with a theoretical treatment regarding the fishing mechanism under some assumptions.
The results are as follows: Letting C be the numbers of catch per unit gear (basket) at soaking duration t, then we assume the following equations
dC/dt=αNh-k1C (1)
and
h=h0-C-k1∫t0Cdt-g(t), (2)
where α is the catchability of the gear, h the number of available hooks for catch per one basket, h0 the number of hooks per one basket, k1 the coefficient of failing by dropping off from hook and g(t)(=g0ek2t) the number of bait-loss. We obtain te following solution from Eq. (1) and Eq. (2) in the case of negligibly small value of k1.
C=h0[1-exp(-αNt)]-g0/αN+k2exp(k2t) (3)
Further, Eq. (3) is modified by adapting records of fishing effort and catches as follows,
C=h0[1-exp(-αNt)]. (4)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (234K) -
谷口 武夫1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 641-643
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe hydrodynamic resistance of the wedge-shaped codends with different hanging coef-ficient of netting, as shown in Fig. 1 and Table 1, was measured experimentally. The results were compared with the theoretical value which had been given by the equation (VII-1) of this report. The comparison is plotted in Fig. 2 where the abscissa and the ordinate represent respectivelly the hanging coefficient and the non-dimensional resistance of the nets. Although the coincidence may not be said to be satisfactory, it can be seen that the total resistance of the codend changes rather slightly as compared with the variation of the hanging coefficient of netting.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (170K) -
後流の中におかれた針金の抵抗小長谷 庸夫1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 644-647
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis work was undertaken to study the effect of wake upon the resistance of plane net set parallel to a stream. In this paper, the resistance of a parallel set of wires is reported.
The methods and the apparatus are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and results obtained are as follows:
1) The velocity of the stream around the surface of the set of parallel wires is uniform, when the direction of stream is parallel to the set of wires and each of which is set vertically against the stream.
2) The velocity of the stream running around the wires is decreased due to the wakes, when the angle between the direction of stream and of the surface of the set of parallel wires is small.
3) The resistance of the wire in wake can be calculated be the ordinary formula of velocity decrement in a wake.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (177K) -
以東底曳網の掃過面積の推定について篠田 正俊, 佐野 晏弘, 加藤 安雄, 神田 潔1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 648-652
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (246K) -
鹿山 光, 土屋 靖彦, ネーベンゼル Ｊ．Ｃ．1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 653-664
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe hydrocarbon fractions of the liver oils of six sharks, Triakis scyllia, Squalus acanthias, Apristurus macrorhinchus, Centroscyllium ritteri, Centrophorus spp. and Cetorhinus maximus, were separated by silicic acid chromatography. The hydrocarbon compositions were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. The content and composition of hydrocarbons vary with the species used. The liver oils of Triakis, Squalus and Apristurus contain small amounts of hydrocarbons in which a comparatively high amount of pristane is contained as well as squalene. On the contrary, the liver oils of Centroscyllium, Centrophorus and Cetorhinus contain a great quantity of hydrocarbons consisting almost entirely of squalene with a trace amount of pristane.
By using silver nitrate impregnated adsorbents in TLC (argentation TLC) “zamene” and phytadienes, which are associated with pristane in trace amounts, were separated from the distilled pristane fraction. The chromatographic behavior of the isolated pristane, “zamene”, phytadienes, squalene, and squalane and their infrared spectra were determined.
The biochemical cyclization of squalene to sterols in the shark livers rich in lipids of high squalene content and the biogenesis of pristane are discussed. Moreover, it is suggested that the primary function of the extraordinarily high content of hydrocarbons in some shark livers may be for buoyancy in such deep-sea fishes lacking swimbladders.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (789K) -
ベニザケおよびカラフトマス原料魚の鮮度と缶詰の品質との関係藤井 豊, 広瀬 孔孝, 手塚 久, 野口 栄三郎1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 665-671
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーQuality of canned fish is greatly influenced by the freshness of the material used. This paper reports on a relation between the quality of canned fish and the freshness of the material used, basing on the experiments with red salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). For the indices to express the freshness, the composition ratio of each of IMP, HxR and Hx to their total was adopted. The quality of canned samples was graded by examining both odour of the whole content of opened cans and appearance of the oil drifted on their toy in the routine manners in Japan Canned Food Inspection Association.
The decrease of IMP accompanying the accumulation of HxR and Hx was observed as an evident index for the deterioration of raw fish material. And the difference of degradation rates of IMP between species of fish was concluded to be caused by the difference in their contents of deterioration enzyme. The degradation curves of IMP for raw and canned meat was found parallel to each other. A good correlation was observed between the IMP ratios in raw fish meat and the inspection scores given to these canned fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (409K) -
酸性域および弱アルカリ性域で作用する二種のプロテイナーゼの存在について牧之段 保夫, 池田 静徳1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 672-676
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMuscle proteinase was investigated on twelve species of fish. It was confirmed that there were two kinds of proteinases in fish muscle, active in acid or alkaline pH range. The former was found in every fish used. The latter was distributed in all of white meat fish used except cod, but the activity was very low or not found in red or lightly red meat fish such as albacore, frigate mackerel, common mackerel, sardine, yellowtail and horse mackerel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (242K) -
フェノール・硫酸法によるβ-1,4'-キシラン分解細菌の二次スクリーニングについて藤沢 浩明, 村上 正忠1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 677-684
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe distribution of β-1, 4'-xylan-decomposing bacteria in the coastal waters was investigated in the previous paper1), and many strains were isolated from the sea water, marine sediments and seaweeds.
The present study was undertaken to find the degree of xylan-decomposing activity of these bacteria.
The results obtained are shown in Tables 2, 3 and Figures 1-5, and are summarized as follows:
1. The degree of xylan-decomposing activity of the bacteria was most usefully found, by determining P. S. value with the following method.
Each strain was introduced in 10ml of the liquid medium (refined β-1, 4'-xylan 10g, peptone 5g, yeast extract 1g, FePO4•4H2O 0.1g, NaCl 30g, distilled water 1l, pH adjusted to 7.5), and incubated statically at 25°C. After standing for a definite time, 1ml of the culture fluid was taken which was then subjected to ten times dilution with distilled water. To 1ml of the diluted fluid, 4ml of 85 percent ethanol was added, and the precipitate formed, viz., undecomposed xylan was removed, and then the total content of mono and oligo saccharides remained in the clear filtrate of the enzymatic hydrolyzates of xylan, was determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method7). The value expressed in optical density, is tentatively designated as P. S. value, which may be indicative of the degree of xylan-decomposition in the liquid culture. On the basis of the highest value obtained during the 7 days, the xylan-decomposing activity of the bacteria was divided into six grades.
2. As to the xylan-decomposing activity, 74 percent of 412 strains examined by the above-mentioned method, ranked with higher three grades, and there were many strains having the higher activity, especially in those isolated from the seaweeds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (537K) -
外套膜筋と脚筋とのたん白質の比較研究勝見 世英子, 松本 重一郎1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 685-689
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1 Amarked streaming-birefringence was found in the aqueous extract of the arm muscle of the squid, while none in that of the mantle muscle.
2 On electrophoretic analysis, both arm and mantle extracts showed patterns consisting of 3 components. However, the values of the electrophoretic mobility suggest that the slower two components of the arms correspond to the faster two of the mantle, and that the fastest component of the arms is responsible for the streaming-birefringence.
3 The mobility values of the components were found to increase slightly after frozen storage.
4 The nature of the streaming-birefringent protein has been discussed, existence of a protein but myosin or actomyosin being suggested.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (283K) -
プリン,ピリミジンおよびヌクレオシドの分離定量法について関 伸夫, 金谷 俊夫, 斎藤 恒行1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 690-694
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA method is presented for chromatographic separation and determination of purines, pyrimidines and nucleosides, using Dowex 1-X 2 (200-400 mesh) column with stepwise elution.
The column was washed before use with solvent A, and then bases and nucleosides dissolved in solvent A were poured onto the column. After that they were eluted from the resin with the following solvent systems in order:
Solvent A: 0.2 N NH4OH-0.02 N HCl-0.01 N Na2B4O7
Solvent B: 0.15 N NH4OH-0.03 N HCl-0.01 N Na2B4O7
Solvent C: 0.05 N NH4OH-0.04 N HCl-0.01 N Na2B4O7
The sequence of elution was nicotinamide + cytosine, uracil, cytidine, adenosine, guanine, hypoxanthine + uridine, adenine, guanosine and inosine (Fig. 5).
Since xanthine and hypoxanthine overlap each other and uric acid is labile in the alkaline solvents, they were separated by using a formic acid system on Dowex 1-X8 (Figs. 1 and 2). The improved method can be used for studies of nucleotide catabolism in the tissues.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (253K) -
山崎 文雄1969 年 35 巻 7 号 p. 695-709
発行日: 1969/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1408K)
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