巻号一覧
37 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1～14を表示しています
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板沢 靖男1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 273-276
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is important to estimate the minimum level of dissolved oxygen in water required for normal life (provisionally named “the critical level for normal life”) of fish, for estimation of the carrying capacity of a fish pond or a fish farm and estimation of required volume of fresh water inflowing per unit time.
It was found that the minimum level of dissolved oxygen in water required for mainte-nance of the oxygen content of arterial blood at the normal level (provisionally named “the critical level for normal value of arterial oxygen”) almost coincided with “the critical level for normal life” estimated from culture, in rainbow trout, carp and eel.
Therefore, “the critical level for normal value of arterial oxygen” is considered to be able to be used as a convenient and reliable substitute for “the critical level for normal life”.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (251K) -
難波 憲二, 狩谷 貞二, 小林 昭造1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 277-283
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present work was undertaken to determine the effect of partial branchial resection on respiration and survival in carp. Oxygen consumption rate, hemoglobin level, total blood cell number and blood lactate level were determined to diagnose the respiratory condition of the operated fish.
Branchial resection was carried out by cutting off with scissors the gill filaments at their base on one to seven gill arches. The rate of resection was expressed as the number of operated gill arches per 8 (total number of the gill arches). Bleeding stopped in general within a few minutes after operation, though neither styptic treatment nor disinfections were applied to the wounds. Operated fish were placed in aquaria immediately after the operation. All of them lay down on the bottom of the aquaria for a while and thereafter most of the fish which failed to swim within 20 hours died. Fish where the resection rate was 7/8 at a time died whithin 24 hours without exception. Some of the fish, however, in which the 7 gill arches were resected at intervals of 10 days survived for about a month after the final operation.
Hemoglobin levels and total blood cell number were reduced in the operated fish for several days after operation. The hemoglobin levels of fish that died immediately after the operation were less than 10% in Sahli value, while those of the survivors at 24 hours after operation were more than 16%. It is concluded, therefore, that the cause of death after operation is due to loss of blood.
Half of the carp in which the gill filaments on 6 gill arches were removed sur-vived but the ability to resist low oxygen tensions of the survivors were lower than that of the controls. It is concluded that fish which have gill filaments intact on three of the 8 gill arches manage to take up necessary amounts of oxygen for keeping their normal activities and also resist low oxygen conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (505K) -
産卵場における卵の分布状况児島 俊平1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 284-288
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーJudging from the external structure of their eggs, exocoetid fishes have been generally believed to spawn in coastal regions which are abundant in seaweeds. Attempts by the present author to collect eggs of Cypselurus opisthopus hiraii, in a spawning ground of the species in late June, 1969, however, gave rather unexpected results.
Four scrubbing-brushes, 5cm in diameter and 18cm long, were tied to a rope at different intervals so that these brushes might be located at the 0, 1, 5 and 10m layer above the bottom when the rope is set vertically by a float and weighted in the sea. Twentytwo sets of collectors were distributed in the spawning ground, Nakamura Bay, Oki Islands, so as to cover both the rocky and the sandy bottoms.
Much less eggs were collected in the region of rocky bottom than in the sandy bottom, and almost no eggs were found on seaweeds. A larger part of the eggs were obtained by collectors near the bottom and only few eggs were collected at 5-10m layers above the bottom. An examination on the developmental stages of the embryos showed that most of these eggs were 7-8 hours after fertilization, in other words, they were spawned on the previous midnight. Unfertilized eggs also were numerous.
It appears that the eggs found on these collectors were not spawned directly on to them, but were previously spawned on the sandy bottom and then were gathered by the sweepings of the collectors.
The above mentioned facts seem to indicate that the flying fish scarcely spawn on seaweeds or in the rocky region, but they mainly spawn on the sandy bottom.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1016K) -
北原 武1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 289-296
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe preceding paper showed that the mesh selectivity, i.e. relative efficiency, of gillnet was expressed as a function of the ratio of mesh size m to body length l in certain ranges of mesh size and length, and that the application of the above method to McCOMBIE and FRY's, and ISHIDA's data gave different master curves according to the groups of smaller and greater length ranges.
In order to account for these phenomena, an analysis is made with REGIERand ROBSON's data on the comparative fishing experiments for lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis.
It is seen that the mesh selectivity of gillnet for whitefish is approximately presented as a function of (m-m0)/(l-l0) in certain ranges of mesh size and length, where m0 and l0 are constants. The mesh selectivity curve determined by the present method is in an agreement with that obtained by REGIER and ROBSON's one.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (420K) -
原油による油臭魚について弟子丸 修1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 297-301
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーYellow tail, Seriola quinqueradiata was reared in sea water experimentally polluted with crude oil and its deposition in the meat was studied. Testing a piece of meat in the mouth an obvious or slight oily smell was perceived in fish reared in sea water with crude oil in the range of 50 ppm for 5 days or 10 ppm for 13 days.
By feeding fish with a diet containing crude oil of about 1%, a slight smell was perceived in the meat after 8 days' culture.
Collecting the vapor from the sample meat by the Head Space method, the resulting Gas-chromatogram was almost identical with the crude oil assayed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (341K) -
鉱油処理剤の毒性と油臭着臭について弟子丸 修1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 302-306
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeveral kinds of oil dispersers have been used in time of emergency, and also when a tanker has to throw the loaded oil into the sea. This practice, however, may be harmful to fish living in the waters, and the pollution on fish meat caused by the oil and dispersers have also become of great concern. From this viewpoint the author tested four kinds of commercial dispersers with carps, Cyprinus carpio. Two of them were highly toxic for the fish; at a level lower than 20 ppm half of the fish died after 48 hours, the other two were relatively non-toxic and 600 ppm showed the same effect as in the above condition.
Dispersers containing mineral oils in their ingredients showed an oily polluted smell on the fish meat. Analysing the polluted meat gas chromatographycally, the chromatogram interpreted well the causal dispersers which were olfactorily not easily distinguishable from one another.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (263K) -
卵巣熟度による肝臓,内臓,血漿脂質の差異隆島 史夫, 日比谷 京, 渡辺 武, 原 武史1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 307-311
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLipids of the liver and the other visceral adipose tissue, as well as plasma of hatchery-reared rainbow trout in different states of ovarian development were compared. Total visceral lipid was decreasing in the maturing female, reduction of triglycerides being most prominent. The content of lipid, especially of triglycerides and free fatty acids in the liver and plasma of the maturing female was increasing. It was suggested from these findings that the stored lipid was moved into the liver, extruded into the blood, and then taken up by the growing oocytes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (349K) -
丹羽 栄二, 柴田 正男, 中村 稔, 三宅 正人1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 312-316
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe substances reacting with trimethylamine (TMA), a component of fishy odor, in laurel- and onion oil were investigated for the clarification of its suppressive mechanism of fishy odor with spice. The following results were obtained.
1) Main substances reacting with TMA in laurel oil were eugenol and p-allylphenol.
2) Nothing was detected in onion oil that reacted with TMA.
3) Under some circumstances reduction of propyl disulfide, a main component of onion oil, may take place to produce propyl mercaptan, which was found to react with TMA.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (310K) -
ニジマス肝臓中のヌクレオチドの死後変化関 伸夫1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 317-321
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLiving rainbow trouts, Salmo gairdnerii irideus, were decapitated and stored at an ambient temperature of 0°C. After various lengths of time the livers were homogenized in cold 0.6 N perchloric acid, and nucleotides, nucleosides and bases extracted were determined by anion-exchange chromatography. The details of the analytical procedures have been described previously.
Results obtained are summarized in Table 1 and Figs. 1-4. ATP and ADP de-creased rapidly with the accumulation of AMP and IMP. Since the dephosphorylation of nucleotide monophosphates is slower than deamination, AMP and IMP levels were high at the beginning, but after 6 hours both nucleotides and inosine decreased with the accumulation of hypoxanthine and xanthine. These changes are characteristic in comparison with those in the doasal and red lateral muscles which show the ac-cumulation of IMP and inosine for a long time. The level of adenosine was low throughout the experimental period. From these results, it may be postulated that the main pathway of the breakdown of purine nucleotides in the liver proceeds via AMP, IMP (adenosine), inosine, hypoxanthine to xanthine.
Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide was broken down to ADP-ribose and nico-tinamide. The UDP-sugars, which predominate among uracil nucleotides, disap-peared rapidly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (336K) -
ニジマス肝臓におけるAMPの分解について関 伸夫1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 322-325
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt was shown that the 7, 000×g supernatant fraction of 0.13 M KCl homogenates; of the fish liver contained both AMP deaminase and adenosine deaminase activities.
Both of these activities were separated from each other by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. These results clearly indicate that there are two degradation pathways for AMP in the liver of rainbow trout: (1) AMP is first deaminated to IMP which is subsequently dephosphorylated to inosine, and (2) it is first dephosphorylated to adenosine which is subsequently deaminated to inosine.
The activity of the AMP deaminase increased with the addition of ATP.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (255K) -
アサクサノリの糖脂質の分画およびガラクトリピドの組成について佐藤 孜郎1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 326-332
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLipids of Porphyra tenera were fractionated by column chromatography using Florisil, DEAE cellulose and Kieselgel into the galactolipid fractions I, II, III and sulfolipid fraction. The fractions I, II and III were respectively recognized as monogalactolipid, digalactolipid and digalactolipid of a lyso-type. The glycolipids were composed of approximately 85 per cent of digalactolipid, approximately 10 per cent of sulfolipid, and only a small part of monogalactolipid.
In fatty acids of these glycolipids, palmitic and eicosapentaenoic acids were dominant, and the latter was found to be localized in glycolipids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (331K) -
数種の魚類の消化管におけるカルボヒドラーゼ活性川合 真一郎, 池田 静徳1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 333-337
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe activities of various kinds of carbohydrases in the digestive organs of several fishes were determined with TAUBER-KLEINER's method modified by the authors. The results obtained were as follows.
Adult carp showed marked maltase, amylase, and weak sucrase, lactase, melibiase, cellobiase and methyl-α-D-glucosidase activities in the intestine. The activities of maltase and amylase in adult carp intestine were highest in distal part while that of sucrase was highest in central part. The specific activities of maltase and amylase in young carp intestine were higher than those in adult carp. Young carp also showed the activities of weak trypsin-like enzyme and maltase in the pharynx, and fairly high activities of trypsin-like enzyme, mal-tase and amylase in the esophagus. Even carnivorous fish such as red sea bream and marine ayu showed considerable activities of maltase in their digestive tract.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (192K) -
飯田 遥1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 338
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (82K) -
山口 勝巳1971 年 37 巻 4 号 p. 339-354
発行日: 1971/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1016K)
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