日本水産学会誌
Online ISSN : 1349-998X
Print ISSN : 0021-5392
ISSN-L : 0021-5392
37 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1~16を表示しています
  • 漁獲と事故の影響
    前田 弘, 西野 正見, 南 四郎
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 475-480
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present report showed the outline of hauling speed and the influence of catch and accident on it observable in the records collected from the hauling work of the 10 strings of tuna longline about at 155°E near the Equator conducted by the Choho-maru (266 gross tons), And the results obtained were summarized as follows:
    1. Among 4, 323 sections (a section was 306m long with 5 branch lines), 2, 984 sections were hauled up without catch and accident. The hauling speed of most of them was 75 to 95 seconds, the average being 85.7 seconds, i. e. 80% of the full speed of the line hauler.
    2. The retardation of the hauling speed by catch increased with its commercial value: A medium-sized yellowfin needed an additional time of 20 seconds, a small one 10 seconds, a medium-sized bigeye 36 seconds, and a small one 6 seconds on the average.
    3. The retardation by a shark or a trash fish averaged 10 seconds, but damaged fish needed no additional time.
    4. As much as 7% of the time engaged in the hauling work was expended on the disposal of the entangling and snapping of the mainline.
  • 揚繩速力の時間変化
    前田 弘, 西野 正見, 南 四郎
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 481-486
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    It is one of the characteristics of the tuna longlining that the simple and repetitious hauling work extends over very long hours. And many of the conditions change with the lapse of time. The present report dealt, accordingly, with the change of the hauling speed with the altitude of the sun till the astronomical twilight and that with the lapse of time after it; and the results obtained were summarized as follows:
    1. The difference of the average hauling speed of the sections during the astronomical twilight and at night from that in the daytime was not larger than 15%. This was far smaller than our impression during the work on board, because the results did not concern with the effort paid by the fishermen.
    2. It took a little longer time to haul up the first and the last several sections than the time to do so their adjacent sections, because these sections were meandering severer than those in the other parts.
    3. The hauling speed was the fastest when the altitude of the sun was not smaller than 20°.
    4. The speed was slightly reduced when the altitude of the sun was smaller than 20°, and was the smallest during the astronomical twilight especially when the estimated altitude of the sun was -10° to -15°.
    5. The speed at night took the similar value to that during the declining sun and civil twilight (20° to -5°), and did not show reduction with the long lapse of working time.
  • 田畑 満生, 丹羽 宏, 田村 保
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 487-490
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Negative, slow and graded potential was recorded from the pineal organ of two fishes, ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, and rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri irideus. Some characteristics of the potential were examined and the following results were obtained.
    1. The response to test light (20 lux) occurred, in succession to the momentary potential drop. This potential drop (7-26mV in ayu and 10-30mV in rainbow trout) was thought to be the membrane potential of the cell.
    2. In both fishes, response amplitude increased linearly with log intensity of light and reached the maximum amplitude at about 30 lux.
    3. In rainbow trout, the latency was maximum (380 msec) at 0.01 lux and minimum (50 msec) at 300 lux, (mean values of 4 fishes). It decreased linearly with log intensity of light.
    This slow potential seems to originate from a pineal photoreceptor cell, but further investigations are necessary for a definite conclusion.
  • 右田 清治, 安部 昇
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 491-494
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The occurrence of several diseases in Conchocelis cultivation in Japan have been noticed. One of them is “Kamenoko (tortoise-shell-like) disease”, which has hitherto been considered as cracks of shells caused by the luxuriant growth of Conchocelis. The authors studied the morphological aspects of this disease which occurred during the cultivation of Conchocelis in Kyusyu between the period from 1969 to 1970. The results observed are summarized as follows:
    Whereas normal shells are inhabited by Conchocelis alone, the shells infected with “Kamenoko disease” were perforated and inhabited also by mycelial thalli. This shellboring mycelium is composed of hyphae, branching mostly at nearly right angles and at moderate intervals, and measuring 1-2 μ in diameter. The main axial hyphae perforate the shell relatively straight from one end to the other. Especially, it is noteworthy as a characteristic structure of this species that the mycelium has small spherical nodules on its hyphae.
    The present species agrees well with the mycelial thallus which was identified by BORNET and FLAHAULT4) as Ostracoblabe implexa of the Saprolegniaceous fungus, and subsequently corrected by BORNETS5) to Verrucaria consequens of the lichen. In the cultivation of Conchocelis, the luxuriant growth of this species first injures the growth of Conchocelis and finally kills a part of them.
  • ニジマスの伝染性膵臓壊死症-日本における流行病魚からの最初のウィルス分離
    佐野 徳夫
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 495-498
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Virological examination of 4 lots of glycerinated specimens of rainbow trout fry with “unkown disease” in Japan showed IPN virus to be Present in all lots.
    The isolated agents were most like Buhl and d'honnincthun IPN virus.
  • ニジマスの伝染性膵臓壊死症-分離IPNウィルスの病原性
    佐野 徳夫
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 499-503
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The four isolated viruses revealed the same pathogenicity to rainbow trout fry as spontaneous epizootic of “unknown disease”. Serological tests and experimental infectivity trials with the newly isolated viruses clearly showed the “unknown disease” of Japanese rainbow trout to be Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis.
  • 餌サンマの物理的強度の経時変化
    小林 裕, 山口 裕一郎
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 504-507
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Studies on the relationship between soaking time of bait used in the tuna long line fishery and the breaking power (physical intensity) on it.
    The results obtained are summarized as follows;
    1. The weakening phase caused by the breaking power within 18 hours in the investigation in the sea could not be clearly determined.
    2. In the laboratory, the progress of the weakening phase by the breaking power was very slow during the first 10 hours but it proceeded rapidly after 12 hours.
    3. The breaking power (tearing saury bait from hook) was more than 840 g-w after 18 hours in the investigation in the sea and more than 640 g-w after 20 hours in the laboratory.
  • サクラマス稚魚におけるプリン含量の時期的変動
    林 征一
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 508-512
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    On catadromous group of young Oncorhynchus masou the guanine and hypoxanthine in the skin were determined in different seasons. Guanine content was highest in August for one year fish and in March for two years fish being 31.16 and 33.15 μmol/g skin respectively. The silvery coloration was observed on sample fish in either end March or end April being 5.52 μmol/g skin for the latter, not corresponding to the amount of the guanine deposited in the skin.
  • 松野 隆男, 伊藤 隆之, 広田 さち子
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 513-517
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    It is observed that ovaries and testes of the sea-cucumber, Holothuria leucospilota, become deep pink and milky orange respectively during its reproductive season and these gonadal pigments were investigated. The pigments of both the testes and the ovaries were extracted by the method shown in Fig. 1 and their petroleum ether solutions gave closely similar pigment patterns to each other by the thin-layer chromatographic method. The results show that the gonadal colors are due to the presence of carotenoid pigments. Petroleum ether solution of the gonads was chromatographed on an alumina column and separated into seven fractions. They were identified to be β-carotene, echinenone, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, astacene and an unidentified pigment by physical and chemical methods. The content of each pigment was determined for hots sexes. Ovaries contained about 10 ppm of carotenoids and testes 3 ppm. The principal carotenoid in the ovaries was astaxanthin which amounted to over 70% of the total pigments and in the testes were observed to be canthaxanthin (35%) and astaxanthin (30%).
  • かまぼこの火もどりと筋肉プロテイナーゼの関係
    牧之段 保夫, 池田 静徳
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 518-523
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    A partially purified proteinase of barracuda muscle acted on myofibrillar proteins and the optimal activity was pH 7.5-8.0 (60°C), 55-60°C (pH 7.8). Optimum temperature of autolysis at pH 6.5 of crude muscle extracts of white croaker and lizard fish were near 60°C. Such proteinase activity remained about 70% in the bleached meat, And when the fish meat paste was pre-heated at 80°C where the muscle proteinase was inactivated, ASHI of KAMABOKO did not decrease the strength in subsequent heating at 60°C. From the above mentioned facts, we inferred that hydrolysis of meat protein by the muscle proteinase might be a factor causing HIMODORI.
  • 手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 524-528
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present study deals with the in vitro bioconversion of progesterone-4-14C by the sliced testes of crab, Portunus trituberculatus. After the incubation of the testes with progesterone-4-14C, the metabolites were extracted and investigated by thin-layer and paper chromatography. Final identification of metabolites was based on the specific activity (dpm/mg) during repeated crystallizations with authentic steroids.
    As a result, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone were identified as the metabolites of progesterone. The results indicated that the testes of the crab, P. trituberculatus, contain the enzyme systems for 17α-hydroxylation and side-chain cleavage of progesterone.
  • 手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 529-533
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present study, the in vitro bioconversion of progesterone by the minces of hepatopancreas of whelk, Buccinum undatum, was investigated. After the incubation of progesterone-4-14C with the hepatopancreas, radioactive testosterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, deoxycorticosterone, and androstenedione were obtained. The identification of these metabolites were based on the mobilities on thin-layer and paper chromatography and on the chemical characteristics in the derivative formation.
    The results suggested that the hepatopancreas of whelk, Buccinum undatum, may contain steroid 17α-hydroxylase, steroid 21-hydroxylase, steroid C17-C21 lyase, and steroid 17β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase.
  • かまぼこにおける筋原繊維の分散状態に関する電子顕微鏡観察
    三宅 正人, 林 孝市郎, 田中 明子, 丹羽 栄二
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 534-539
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The electron micrographs of the dispersed phases of myofibrils in the process of manufacturing Kamaboko from fish muscle and of the subcellular structures in Kamaboko have already been presented by the authors. This paper deals with a further study on the fine structure of Kamaboko by electron microscopy, clarifying a network structure which is composed of myofilaments and other protein components in myofibrils.
    The method of preparing specimens for electron microscopy and that of preparing Kamaboko were the same as reported earlier. Specimens were examined in JEM-5 and JEM-7 electron microscopes of Japan Electron Optical Laboratory Co., Ltd..
    It was found that there existed a difference between the dispersed phase in Kamaboko of high elasticity (Ashi) and that of low elasticity. With respect to the fine structure of Kamaboko heated after insufficient grinding, it was shown that the Z-lines still remained and between them were found the aggregates of myofilaments.
    Finer structures were observed more clearly in Kamaboko prepared after sufficient grinding. Segments of the Z-lines, aggregates of myofilaments and the fine filaments having projections (knobs) along their length, reminiscent of the heads on myosin molecule, were well dispersed and thus suggesting that the myofilaments of the network structure might be the aggregates (or polymers) of myosin, binding with actin filaments which extend on each side of the segments of the Z-lines.
  • アサクサノリのビタミンB2含量とその存在型態
    清水 泰幸
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 540-544
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The riboflavin content in “Nori”, a dry product of Porphyra spp., corresponds to the content of carotenoid, water soluble pigments and the quality grade as judged commercially, basing upon the color and texture of the material. In other words the better the quality of a sample the higher was the riboflavin content. FAD was found to occupy over 90% of the total riboflavin, FMN being around 10% or less and FR was a few per cent or none in both raw and dry samples. In the sporocarpic region of a blade, however, FMN was only in trace amounts while FR was negative and FAD was exclusive of the total riboflavin. It may be noticed that these patterns are much unlike those of terrestrial plants, but resembling those patterns observed in animals. During the 12 months of storage of the “Nori”, the content of FAD showed no changes.
  • 長須鯨スイ臓カチオニック・トリプシンの性質について
    小出 醇, 松岡 芳隆
    1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 545-552
    発行日: 1971/06/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The properties of isolated and purified fin whale trypsin were studied and compared with those of bovine trypsin. S20, w was 2.3 S and its molecular weight was determined as 17, 000. The optimum pH ranged between 7.5 and 8.0 in the case of casein as substrate, while it was 7.5 in the case of BAEE. The specific activity was almost similar to that of bovine trypsin toward casein as substrate, but was half as much as that of bovine trypsin toward BAEE. The enzyme was inhibited by DFP and TLCK, and reacted stoichiometrically at the ratio of one mole to one mole of ovomucoid and soybean trypsin inhibitor, respectively. Unlike bovine trypsin, fin whale trypsin was considerably stable at neutral and weak alkaline pH. It was rather similar to porcine trypsin.
  • 1971 年 37 巻 6 号 p. 569
    発行日: 1971年
    公開日: 2008/04/22
    ジャーナル フリー
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