日本水産学会誌
Online ISSN : 1349-998X
Print ISSN : 0021-5392
ISSN-L : 0021-5392
38 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1~13を表示しています
  • 漁獲統計,体長組成からの検討
    田中 昌一
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 93-96
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to evaluate the results of the tagging experiments of yellowtails, Seriola quinqueradiata, which have been presented in the previous paper, the seasonal variation of catch and the length composition of each age group are analysed. The catch in the Tohoku Region (north of Chiba Prefecture) shows two waves, one from April to September corresponding to the northward migration and the other from October to March corresponding to the southward migration. A peak of the catch of the large sized fish from January to May in the Tokai-Nankai Region (south of Chiba Prefecture) indicates the active southward migration of the adults in the spring season. The length compositions show a clear difference in growth between the two regions over the ages from the latter half of I-age to early III-age. This difference is obscured for the fish of III-age and older. Such a phenomenon may be explained by segregation among young fish and intermingling among adults, which have been suggested by the tagging experiments. The conclusions obtained from the tagging experiments of yellowtails are endorsed by these analyses of the catch and length compositions.
  • サケの脳下垂体性ゴナドトロビンのメダカの生体外排卵に及ぼす効果について
    広瀬 慶二, ドナルドソン E.M.
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 97-100
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study was carried out to examine the effects of partially purified salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) gonadotropin (SG-G100) on ovulation in vitro in Oryzjas latipes. Incubation of oocytes with 0.04-400μg/ml SG-G100 was initiated at 10.00 a.m, 5.00 p.m. and 11.00 p.m. and the percentage of oocytes which had ovulated was determined at 10.00 a.m. on the following day. In the 10.00 a.m. group slight ovulation was observed at the 4μg/ml dose. In the 5.00 p.m. group, ovulation occurred at all dosages from 0.04μg/ml to 400μg/ml gonadotropin, with maximum ovulation (67%) at 0.4μg/ml SG-G100. Luteinizing hormone (NIH-LH-S16) was less effective than SG-G100. In the 11.00 p.m. group there was 19% ovulation in the control group and the most effective dosage of SG-G100 was 4μg/ml, which induced 60% ovulation.
  • 餌料効率と餌料の粗蛋白量について
    茂野 邦彦, 九万田 一己, 弟子丸 修, 荒牧 孝行, 黒木 克宜, 北上 一男
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 101-106
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The prawn, Penaeus japonicus, was reared in a series of aquariums with artificial diets composed of squid meal, white fish meal, dry powder of mysid shrimps, active sludge, yeasts and others; and their resultant effects on the prawn were studied.
    Diets with a high rate of feed intake do not always bring out an effective growth rate on the prawn. The growth rate of the prawn to fixed amounts of the diets consumed can be measured to show the feed efficiency. Accordingly, it is reasonable to assume that we have to estimate the quality of the artificial diets by first comparing feed efficiencies on culturing and the respective growth rates.
    It was ascertained that there is a correlation between feed efficiency and the amount of crude protein in the diets; and that diets containing large amounts of crude protein are capable of showing high feed efficiendy when given to the prawn.
  • 黒糸および灰色プレート板の水中視程
    津田 良平, 井上 直一
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 107-116
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The visual range of black twines and grey plates was measured succesively in a tank water, illuminated by diffused light from flourescent lamps for varying physical conditions, namely, colour and reflectance of an object, turbidity of water and brightness which might have direct effects upon underwater visibility. The visual range of black twines and grey plates decreases with the increase of attenuation coefficient, and with the decrease of diameters. However, the visual range of grey plates has different tendency from that of black twines, namely, plates of smaller reflectance become more visible than large ones with the increase of attenuation coefficient.
  • 滝 襄
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 117-125
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present study was undertaken, with the aid of tetracycline labelling, to know whether pigmented-growth zones in the test plate of a sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus intermedius, can be regarded as real annual zones or not. The urchins were reared in aquaria for fourteen months from August, 1967 to October, 1968, giving tetracycline four times at appropriate time intervals through the peristomial membrane.
    Pigmented-growth zones were clearly seen along the longitudinal suture of each of the test plates, while they were not clear along both the latitudinal areas of the suture and along the inner surface.
    In each test of the sea urchins labelled with tetracycline four times, only two bands of the tetracycline fluorescence were observed along both the longitudinal suture and the inner surface. A pigmented-growth zone was clearly observed in each test plate between these two bands of tetracycline fluorescence caused by the injection on October, 1967 and March, 1968. The pigmented zone was concluded to be the winter ring in each test plate during the active growth period in winter.
  • コイ筋肉ミオシンのDEAE-Sephadex A-50によるクロマトグラフィー
    高士 令二
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 126-132
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The chromatography of carp myosin prepared by the method described previously was carried out on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 according to the procedure of RICHARDS et al. (1967).
    The elution profiles of carp myosin at 280 mμ were very similar to those of myosins obtained from rabbit, chicken, and tuna already reported. It was therefore confirmed that carp myosin was found to consist mainly of monomeric myosin.
    The specific ATP-ase activity of the main peak was approximately 50-90% higher than that of the original myosin and the absorbance ratio at 280 mμ to that at 260 mμ also increased from 1.25 of the original to 1.95 of the chromatographed myosin.
    No adenylic deaminase activity was found in the main myosin peak.
    It was clear that considerable purification of carp myosin was achieved by this procedure.
  • 放射線照射によるアニサキス幼虫の死滅効果について
    大石 圭一, 岡 重美, 平沖 道治
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 133-136
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In a previously published paper, it was observed that killing of Anisakis worms is effective for the prevention of Anisakiasis. The illness is believed to be caused by the penetration of Anisakis worms into the human alimentary canal.
    This work aims to study the effectiveness of gamma irradiation from 60Co in the killing of worms and its applicability to fish processing.
    The larvae were irradiated with doses of 0.0, 1.7 and 8.4 Krad: 0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 Mrad in 0, 1, 3 and 6% saline solution. Moreover, the protective action of protein on Anisakis worms was estimated using a 17% egg white saline solution. The higher the doses applied, the higher the mortality observed over 10 days, though less than 60% mortality was observed on the first day of irradiation, even with a dose of 1.0 Mrad in 6% NaC1. Therefore irradiation is not applicable to food processing, because unfavorable decomposition of food constituents may occur with doses higher than 0.6 Mrad. As for the effect of saline concentration, the worms in 1% saline solution showed greater resistance than those in 0 or 3% solutions. On addition of egg white, a protective effect was observed for 4 or 5 days.
    In conclusion, irradiation is not applicable for killing Anisakis worms under conditions of fish processing.
  • コイのグルコース-U-14Cおよびグルタミン酸-U-14C代謝におよぼす飼料組成の影響
    永井 正徳, 池田 静徳
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 137-143
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to examine the previous assumption that the primary energy source for carp is not carbohydrate (glucose) but protein (amino acids), incorporation of radioactivity from glucose-U-14C or glutamate-U-14C into hepatopancreatic lipid and glycogen, blood glucose, and its excretion as 14CO2 in carp were measured. Carp used were bred for 45 days with two kinds of diet, HC (90% carbohydrate) and C (50% carbohydrate), which were composed of potato starch and casein.
    Excretions of 14CO2 from glutamate-U-14C of both diet groups were extraordinarily higher than those from glucose-U-14C. In both groups, glucose-U-14C was hardly incorporated into hepatopancreatic lipid but was incorporated into glycogen. In contrast, much more glutamate-U-14C was incorporated into lipid whereas little into glycogen. The blood glucose levels of both diet groups were unusually increased probably by injections of glutamate-U-14C with carrier glutamate, and the radioactivities in blood glucose 6 hours after the injections were 1/7 to 1/5 of the residual activities from glucose-U-14C.
    From these results it was suggested that oxidation of amino acids by carp is superior to glucose oxidation and that depot lipid is principally synthesized from amino acids while only a little glucose is converted to glycogen. Therefore, amino acids appear to be a more excellent energy source than glucose in carp and the energy utilization resembles that in diabetic mammals.
  • 松野 隆男, 永田 誠一, 水谷 清泰
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 144-147
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Sterol constituents of asteroids, Asterias amurensis, Asterina pectinifera, Luidia quinaria, Asteropecten scoparius, Asteropecten polyacanthus, and Coscinasterias acutispina were investigated from the comparative biochemical point of view. They all had similar sterol components of characteristic ?? 7-sterols.
    ?? 7-Cholestenol was the major sterol (about fifty percent of total sterols) in these animals. ?? 7.22-Ergostadienol, ?? 7-stigmastenol, and ?? 7.22-stigmastadienol were also identified by comparing the retention times of GLC with those of authentic samples, and the occurrence of C28 sterol, stellastenol, was recognized in all starfishes investigated.
  • 水溶液中のコンドロイチン硫酸の沈殿
    中嶋 昭正
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 148-154
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Chondroitin sulfate (CS) dissolved in water is difficult to precipitate with ethanol in the absence of salts, therefore suitable salts such as sodium acetate, calcium acetate must be added in order to complete precipitation. However, a detailed study concerning the influence of salts on the precipitation of CS with ethanol has not yet been reported.
    In this paper, the precipitation of whale cartilage CS in aqueous solution with ethanol under various conditions was studied, and the following results were obtained.
    1) The higher the CS or salt concentration, the less ethanol was needed to precipitate CS, and there was a linear relationship between the logarithm of CS or salt concentration and the ethanol concentration needed for the precipitation.
    2) The decrease in temperature facilitated the precipitation of CS. Over 0°C, there was a linear relationship between the temperature and the ethanol concentration needed for the precipitation.
    3) There were little differences in the precipitating power of various anions. In the case of cations, divalent cations possesed greater precipitating power than monovalent ones, and there were considerable differences in the precipitating power of equivalent cations.
    4) The fractions obtained by fractionation of CS with ethanol were differed in molecular weight, and the ethanol concentration needed for the precipitation of CS was inversely proportional to the molecular weight.
  • 竹内 昌昭
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 155-159
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effect of antioxidants on the absorption of lipid hydroperoxide in carp, Cyprinus carpio has been studied.
    The carp were divided into four groups. Group 3 was given synthetic diet with vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate), Group 4 the diet with ethoxyquin (6-ethoxy-1, 2-dihydro-2, 2, 4-trimethylquinoline) and the others synthetic diet only.
    After they were fed on these diets for two weeks, the following 14C-labelled compounds were administered by polyethylene catheter.
    Group 1: 1-14C-methyl linoleate (1-14C-ML)
    Group 2: purified 1-14C-methyl linoleate hydroperoxide, POV 5960meq/kg (1-14C-MLHP)
    Group 3: 1-14C-MLHP plus vitamin E
    Group 4: 1-14C-MLHP plus ethoxyquin
    After 24 hours, all the fish were killed. The distribution of radioactivity in various tissues was compared among the four groups.
    The results are summarized as follows:
    1) The carp absorbed little hydroperoxide of methyl linoleate.
    2) The distribution of radioactivity in Group 3 was about the same as that in the control (Group 1). It is suggested therefore that vitamin E may act as a peroxide decomposer and stabilizing factor of intestinal epithelium.
    3) Since the radioactivity in Group 4 was negligible, ethoxyquin was not effective for absorption of hydroperoxide in vivo.
  • 細菌芽胞の発芽増殖に及ぼすフリルフラマイドの影響について,顕微鏡観察による検討
    小畠 渥, 柄多 哲
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 160-166
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effect of furylfuramide (FF) on germination and outgrowth of two bacterial spores was studied in a slide culture, in order to define the point at which FF acts to prevent the developmental process, from a morphological point of view. Concentrations of FF higher than minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) did not interfere with the reduction of refractility. However, the developmental process stopped there, and the germinated spores eventually lysed before elongation occurred, shedding the empty spore coats. At less than MIC, many distorted cells appeared and gradually lysed. The bacteriostatic action of FF was shown as a result of the prolongation of their outgrowth. FF acted to arrest the development of bacterial spores not at germination, but after the stage from “swelling” to “emergence”. A discrepancy between the two organisms existed in that many refractile spores of B. coagulans, isolated from spoiled fish sausage, still remained on the culture after 35 hours at 37°C, but not in the case of B. subtilis.
  • 井上 裕雄
    1972 年 38 巻 2 号 p. 167-176
    発行日: 1972/02/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
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