巻号一覧
38 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1～15を表示しています
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大池 一臣, 山田 寿郎, 小坂 淳1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 423-430
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーScale resorption was found to occur in the precocious male parr of the masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) during autumn and winter. A histological study was made on those resorbing scales and the associated cells.
Resorption commences at the posterior scale margin and advances gradually to the anterior. In a cross section, both the osseous layer and the fibrillary plate seem to be affected successively by the activity of cells attached around the resorbing margin. In the early phase of reorption, these cells show a morphological resemblance to those of the growing scale margin. After considerable destruction of the margin, however, there appear multinucleated giant cells which are similar to the osteoclasts of bone tissues.
It is presumed that the cells involved in the resorption of the scale may be derived from ancestor cells in the connective tissue of the scale pocket, or from a functional conversion of the scale forming cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2080K) -
ノリ癌腫病の発生について渡辺 競, 加藤 盛1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 431-437
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPathophysiological studies were made on canceraffected Porphyra and the carcinogenic effect of some chemicals was studied. The results are as follows:
1) The cancerous tissue showed altered nitrogen metabolism; the total nitrogen and the water-soluble protein content per cell decreased but NaCl- and Tris buffersoluble protein contents increased slightly. There was no difference in the electrophoretic pattern of the soluble proteins among both the healthy and canceraffected tissues.
2) The DNA content in the canceraffected tissue, expressed on a dry weight basis, was greater than that of normal tissues. However, when plotted on a fresh weight basis, no such difference was noted.
3) The concentrations of chlorophyll, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin were markedly decreased in the cancered tissue.
4) Respiration rate in the canceraffected tissue was greater than that of normal tissues. Respiration rate was however decreased when glucose was added as a substrate. This result indicates that the CRABTREE effect was induced by infection and fermentation occured in the cancered tissue.
5) It was possible to produce abnormally swollen cells or cancerous cells on Porphyra fronds by cultivating them in media containing KCN, As2O3 and phenyluretane respectively.
6) These results suggest the possibility that an irreversible damage to the respiratory system of the tissues could play an important role in the induction of cancer cells in Porphyra species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (736K) -
渡部 泰輔1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 439-444
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe spawning amounts of the Pacific Population of the common mackerel, Scomber japonicus HOUTTUYN, were surveyed for 1968, 1969 and 1970, as had been done for the earlier years in the previous report (WATANABE1)). Based on the information thus obtained, recent trends in the stock size and fluctuation of this population were clarified. The results are as summarized below:
1. Egg abundance was remarkably low for the years 1969 and 1970 as had previously been predicted. This was caused by the depletion of population of the III-age fish, year after year, since the 1965-year-class which had provoked a rapid decrease of the whole parent fish stock.
2. Possibly, the decrease of stock sizes of the 1965- to 1967-year-classes was attributable to high mortality in the very early stages of life, such as from egg to young.
3. Immature fish populations showed a slight increase since the 1966-year-class which was the minimum, but this was still lower than those of the 1964-year-class or older ones. For the years 1968-1970, immature fish suffered from stronger fishing intensity than before, intensified by not only a decrease of population but also an increase of the number of fish caught.
4. The egg abundance for both 1969 and 1970 were slightly less than 200×1012. This suggests that the reproductive strength could still be expected to continue to some extent. However, judging from the recent growth of fishing intensity upon immature fish, the increase of parent fish will not occur for long.
5. In order to increase the stock size of parent fish to produce the eggs at optimum levels, say 400×1012 or so, the fishing of immature mackerel should be controlled.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (467K) -
コイの成長段階別および長期飼育における飼料効果袈裟丸 倉基, 福田 博業1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 445-449
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous papers, the authors pointed out the excellent feed efficiency of wheat germ as a diet for carps, Cyprinus carpio.
These results, however, were obtained with young carps under relatively short periods of experiment, for 30-50 days.
In this paper, we report the results of a long period of experiment, for 8 months, with diets containing wheat germ and white fish meal.
The body weights of carps increased from 11.0g to nearly 300-400g during the experimental period without any signs of ill effects.
The feed efficiency of these diets determined to be higher for the 0 age groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (284K) -
武田 恵二1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 451-455
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSince 1963 the author has carried out studies on improvements of the mass culture media of a marine centric diatom, Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus TAKANO, a useful marine shell larvae food. In the present paper the relative cell growth of this diatom and cobaltous chloride concentration in media is discussed.
For the culture experiments, globular flasks of 100ml in volume were used under the following conditions:
Temperature, 20.0-27.5°C; specific gravity of media based by filtered natural sea water (Table 1), 22.18-24.56 (σ15); light intensities, 1.5 Klux (the radiated energy from light of 400-700 nm was 4.4 W and from the whole light wave length was 17.3 W), 2.0 Klux (radiated energy from light of 400-700 nm was 5.8 W and from the whole light wave length was 23.0 W) or from direct sun beams (about 7 Klux maximum).
The results obtained were as follows:
1. Cell division was influenced a little by a cobalt concentration of 0-49.4 μg Co/l, but was inhibited at 61.8 μg Co/l (Figs. 1, 2, 3). On the other hand, the effective concentration of cobalt, basing on P. C. V. (packed cell volume), was 12.4-37.1 μg Co/l, proving 24.7-37.1 μg Co/l as optimum (Figs. 1, 2, 3).
2. Cobalt was not effective for the cell division of Ch. calcitrans f. pumilus. However, some facts obtained show that Vitamin B12 promotes the cell division of this diatoms, Skeletonema costatum, various species of marine pelagic diatoms and flagellates. Consequently the author came to the conclusion that the cobaltous chloride has a somewhat different effect from that of Vitamin B12 on the acceleration of cell division.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (371K) -
ステロイドによるメダカの生体外排卵について広瀬 慶二1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 457-461
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present investigation was undertaken to clarify the effects of steroids on ovulation in vitro of the Oryzias oocytes. In the experiments, at 10.00 a.m. the synergistic action of progesterone and HCG was shown, but in other cases where only steroids or both steroids and HCG were used the incubated oocytes did not show any markedly induced ovulation. Hydrocortisone at 5.00 p.m. was very effective in inducing ovulation. Other steroids were also effective, but their potencies for ovulation were not as high as hydrocortisone. At 11.00 p.m. all steroids used in this study were very effective in inducing ovulation in vitro, but the oocytes also showed best response to 1 μg/ml of hydrocortisone. These observations suggest that induction of ovulation in vitro of the Oryzias oocytes with steroids vary markedly with the initiated hour of incubation. Furthermore, the role of steroids in the ovulation of Oryzias latipes has been discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (287K) -
鈴木 恒由, 薗田 平雄1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 463-469
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe writers have already published (1967) a study on the efficiency of the vertical fish finder used in the Northern Pacific salmon fishing grounds in regard to the sigle fish image constituted by a single fish image of Alaska pollack, but not by that of salmon and trout. So we carried out experiments for the purpose of developing a salmon fish finder. The performance of fish finder for salmon, having a frequency of 28 KHZ, is as follows:
1. The results of various experiments by the present writers as well as by others, prove that the swimming layer of salmon at daytime, and also at nighttime, is not more than 50m in depth. So the detection layer need not necessarily cover deeper than 50m in depth.
2. The reason why on salmon image appear with the use of the vertical fish finder may perhaps be due to the fact that the salmon run away as the fishing boats approach, thus slipping out of the sound beam of the fish finder. The direction of the sound beams of our new salmon fish finder, manufactured for trial purposes, can be transmitted towards the ship side downward at 30° oblique.
3. In order to separate the image of salmon from that of Alaska pollack, we attached a special circuit (fish discriminating circuit) to let the smaller reflection level of Alaska pollack cut off because of its smaller size compared with that of salmon, and also a logarithm amplifier to supplement a propagation attenuation of ultrasonic waves by distance.
The results of such experiments proved a close correlation between the number of a single fish image as recorded by the net setting and the number of salmons caught by the gill net next morning. The recorded single image of fish is reasonably identified to be that of salmon.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1904K) -
応力・ひずみ特性におよぼすでんぷん含量の影響高木 一郎, 清水 亘1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 471-474
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper the relation between stress and extension ratio of kamaboko which does not contain starch has been discussed on the basis of the theory of rubber elasticity.
In this paper are considered the stress-strain relations of kamaboko which contains various amounts of starch. An experiment concerning the influence of difference of raw fish on this relation is also included.
The results obtained are analysed as follows:
(1) Starch contained in kamaboko has a ‘filler reinforcement effect’ similar to that of the filler contained in elastic rubber.
(2) The deviation of experimental data from the theoretical curve expressed by
ƒ=K(α-α-2)=1/3E(α-α-2)
may be closely related to the texture, chewiness, elasticity and firmness of kamaboko.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (229K) -
かまぼこの弾力の熱力学的成分高木 一郎, 清水 亘1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 475-479
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe thermodynamical construction of the elastic force of kamaboko expanded at a constant extension ratio in the range 1.00≤α≤2.00 was studied by the stress-temperature measurement.
Regardless of the extension ratio, the entropy force component accounted for 99.0±0.5% (in the case of croaker-kamaboko) and 88.0±0.5% (in the case of alaska-pollack-kamaboko) of the total elastic force.
Moreover, it was discussed that the behavior of the elastic network chain molecule of kamaboko is analogous to that of slightly cross-linked rubbers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (273K) -
天野 秀臣, 橋本 周久, 松浦 文雄1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 481-486
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe four hemoglobin components (F1, F2, S1, and S2) of eel, Anguilla japonica, were analyzed for C-terminal amino acids by the hydrazinolysis method. Results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) In the cases of components F1 and F2, the valyl and the acetylated polypeptide chain have a His and an Arg residue, respectively, as C-terminus, while in the cases of components S1 and S2 both chains have exclusively an Arg residue per chain as Cterminus. (2) Together with the fact that components S1 and S2 are lacking in BOHR effect, whereas components F1 and F2 show large BOHR effect, the present results seem to give a new and strong support to the suggestion based on some indirect evidence with mammalian hemoglobins that the C-terminal His residues of β chains of hemoglobin are remarkably responsible for its BOHR effect and oxygen affinity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (349K) -
天然トコフェロール混合物の適用性外山 健三, 島津 正子1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 487-495
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA concentrated natural tocopherol mixture (containing 80% total tocopherols which consist of α 9.3%, γ 55.6%, and δ 35.1%), the powdered tocopherol preparation (said concentrate 20% plus dispersants), and dl-α-Tocopherol were applied to several marine products, respectively, to ascertain whether these substances are as effective as the synthesized antioxidants which are now used widely.
In the protection of salted salmon flesh from deterioration, these natural antioxidants added in the salt exhibited a fairly good efficacy which was, however, somewhat inferior to that of BHA at the same concentration, 0.02%. At concentrations above or below that, inferior effects were observed. dl-α-Tocopherol showed somewhat weaker efficacy than the natural mixture. The difference may be due to the presence of γ-and δ-tocopherols in the latter.
In the salted-and-dried saurel, although natural tocopherol mixture applied in salt solution for 16 hrs by the immersing method showed somewhat inferior efficacy than BHA even at high concentrations, the efficacy of the powdered tocopherol-preparation applied by the moment dipping method was equal to or somewhat superior to the BHA-preparation.
In the boiled-and-dried anchovy, natural tocopherol mixture applied in boiling water gave better results with increasing concentration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (663K) -
細菌ケラト硫酸分解酵素の性質北御門 学, 上野 隆二1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 497-502
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe properties of a keratosulfate-degrading enzyme derived from an enteric bacterium was investigated. The enzyme activity was optimal between pH 5.0 and 6.0, and at about 50°C. The enzyme exhibited complete specificity for keratosulfate, and did not hydrolyze hyaluronic acid, chondroitin 4-sulfate and 6-sulfate or heparin. Several inorganic compounds such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium chlorides and mucopolysaccharides such as chondroitin 6-sulfate and heparin had no significant effect on the enzyme activity in the range of concentrations tested. The MICHAELIS constant value for bovine cornea keratosulfate was 1.9 mg per ml.
In order to see what type of glycosidic bond in keratosulfate is attacked by the enzyme, the degraded products of bovine cornea keratosulfate were isolated by Sephadex filtration, and their structures were determined by means of chemical analysis, sodium borohydride reduction and the enzymatic treatment with β-N-acetylglucosaminidase. Judging from the results, the products were di-, tetrasaccharides and larger oligosaccharides, which had a galactose moiety on their reducing ends. Thus, it was concluded that this enzyme is an endo.poly-β-galactosidase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (340K) -
シアル酸含有オリゴ糖の遊離上野 隆二, 北御門 学1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 503-509
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present work was undertaken to examine the fine structure, [especially the linkage region of sialic acid], of whale cartilage keratosulfate using the keratosulfate-degrading enzyme from an enteric bacterium. After the keratosulfate was digested with the enzyme, some oligosaccharides produced were isolated by means of Sephadex filtration and paper electrophoresis, and subjected to chemical analysis. The result showed that two types of oligosaccharides were produced by the enzyme: one of them was a group of di- and tetrasaccharides containing in an equimolar ratio N-acetylglucosamine, galactose and sulfate, and the other was a tetrasaccharide containing two molecules of galactose and one molecule each of N-acetylglucosamine, sulfate and sialic acid. Judging from the results of chemical analysis of this tetrasaccharide and of enzymatic treatment with glycosidase such as β-galactosidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and neuraminidase, the sugar sequence of the saccharide was decided as N-acetylneuraminic acid-galactose-N-acetylglucosamine(sulfate)-galactose-**. Thus, the sialic acid was demonstrated to be attached directly to the nonreducing end of the keratosulfate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (374K) -
吉中 礼二, 白石 真人, 池田 静徳1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 511-515
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe addition of L-ascorbic acid (AsA) and dehydro-L-ascorbic acid (DAsA), after adjustment to pH 6.4 and 4.3 with sodium hydroxide respectively, to Alaska pollack brayed meat caused increase in the strength of the gel. Both AsA and DAsA had improving action on the gel strength, but DAsA was more potent than AsA. About 80% of added AsA was recovered as the reduced form in the gel when AsA was added to the brayed meat. On the other hand, about 20% of added DAsA was reduced to AsA when DAsA was added to the meat. These results suggest that the improving action of AsA in the gel formation may be due to the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups in fish proteins by DAsA.
When AsA was heated with actomyosin in solution at 80°C for 20 minutes, AsA was almost completely recovered as the reduced form. On the other hand, when DAsA was heated with actomyosin at 80°C, some of it was reduced rapidly to AsA by the reaction with actomyosin during the first 5 minutes. These results suggest that DAsA may oxidize sulfhydryl groups in the actomyosin molecule.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (285K) -
日高 富男1972 年 38 巻 5 号 p. 517-523
発行日: 1972/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe author investigated the stability of some marine bacteriophages by exposing them to various conditions, changing pH and salinity of suspended media, heating at 50°C for 30min, and adding chloroform. The five marine bacteriophages examined showed different degrees of inactivation by these treatments. It is not concluded that sensitivity of the phages to heat, pH-change and chloroform constitute a fundamental marine property. However the requirement for inorganic salts, such as NaC1 and Mg-or Ca-salt, for retention of viability is considered to be a property of marine bacteriophages. In many cases, when stocks are prepared in sea water broth, the lysates of marine bacteriophages will normally survive for several months at 5°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (382K)
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