巻号一覧
38 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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ミズクラゲの生殖腺にみられる季節的変化今 攸, 本間 義治1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 545-553
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the spawning season of the moon jelly, Aurelia aurita, one of the commonest medusa in the world, specimens were collected once a month during the period from April, 1969 to March, 1970, from Urazoko Inlet, one of the small inlets in Wakasa Bay on the west coast of the Japanese mainland. The gonads were removed from the collected specimens and examined histologically. The ripe sperm in the seminiferous tubules and ripe ova in the genital epithelium are released directly into the genital sinus, and from there move on to the gastro-circular groove. Next, passing through the gastro-oral arm groove, these gametes reach the basal groove of the oral arm, and finally are expelled from the body to the sea water. The spawning season may extend from December to June of the following year. Due to asynchronous developments of the gametes, release of these substances last for a fairly long time. Neither specimen with gonads of degenerative figure nor recovery phase was detected in the present examination.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (755K) -
二,三の有機リン製剤によるコイの血液および肝臓成分の変化坂口 宏海1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 555-560
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAlthough on the toxicity of agricultural chemicals upon fishes many studies have been performed, most of them are concerned with the estimation of lethal concentration for test animals. However in the study of notorious effect of these agents upon fish, the physiological changes caused by fairly low concentrations of chemicals should not be overlooked.
The present paper deals with the estimation of physiological changes in carp, Cyprinus carpio, exposed to diluted organophosphate compounds, marathion, dipterex and DDVP. Fish were kept in 500l vinyl resin tanks containing different level of diluted chemicals. After 48-hour exposure, the fish were sacrificed for chemical analyses.
In all lots of fish treated with the agricultural chemicals, activities of serum transaminases (GOT and GPT) were elevated and that of cholinesterase was decreased. Changes in serum glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol content were conspicuous, but there was no remarkable change in protein content.
In DDVP-treated fish, regardless of DDVP concentration, the content of liver glycogen was reduced to three fourths that of control animals. On the other hand, fat content was elevated in the fish kept in 1 ppm solution but lowered in 5 and 10 ppm groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (408K) -
細菌による緑斑病様障害の実験的発症中尾 義房, 小野原 隆幸, 松原 孝之, 藤田 雄二, 銭谷 武平1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 561-564
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the culture farm of laver, there are frequent outbreaks of a disease tentatively named, “green spot rotting” (Ryokuhan-byo). Isolation of bacteria was carried out by inoculating a suspension of the diseased frond of Porphyra yezoensis to ZoBELL's 2216 E agar plate. Five strains of the isolates were able to produce the “green spot rotting”-like deterioration, in vitro. The bacteria initiated to invade from the injured part of the frond, collapsing the frond tissue by breaking into single cell or segments of several cells; resulting in turgescence and greening of the liberated cells, and thus macerating the invaded portion. This phenomenon observed in vitro differed from the symptom of the disease occurring naturally, by absence of plasmoptysis from the damaged cells. The bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas sp. (strains N 9, W 1 and W 2) and Vibrio sp. (strains V 7 and Y 1). This experiment supports the supposition that the “green spot rotting” of cultured Porphyra is of bacterial origin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (464K) -
養殖ノリの病害関連細菌類藤田 雄二, 銭谷 武平, 中尾 義房, 松原 孝之1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 565-569
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to ascertain the bacterial role taken in the process of rotting or decaying of cultured laver, 24 strains of bacteria isolated from diseased frond of Porphyra yezoensis were studied and identified to the genus level. These bacteria were divided into phenons I, IIa, IIb, III and IV by numerical taxonomy, and were identified as species of the genera Cytophaga, Agarbacterium, Beneckea, Pseudomonas, and Vibrio respectively.
In vitro, three strains of Pseudomonas sp. and two strains of Vibrio sp. caused “green spot rotting”-like deterioration, and also five strains in the genera Beneckea and Agarbacterium caused the reddening of frond pieces. The other test strains did not show any noticeable changes in the test pieces of Porphyra frond.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (289K) -
石炭化学工業廃水による汚染水域底土からの発癌性物質の分離石尾 真弥, 中川 久機, 富山 哲夫1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 571-576
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper1), we reported that the sea bottom mud, heavily polluted by wastes discharged from the coal chemical industry in Ohmuta city in Kyushu, induced a certain cancerous disease to marine alga, Porphyra tenera after a single contact for only 80 to 320 min. and successive 36 day culture. In the present study, acids, neutrals and bases were separated from the same mud and subjected to carcinogenesis tests using very young Porphyra tenera.
The tests revealed the carcinogenic effect of the mud to be mainly attributable to the neutrals in it. The neutrals were separated into nine fractions by repeated thin layer chromatography utilizing silica gel containing 5% gypsum for the stationary phase and n-hexane-ether 19:1 mixed solvent as the mobile phase, and two compounds were found to be carcinogenic to this alga; one, the yellow crystals with green fluorescence having an Rf value of 0.20 and another, an orange liquid with light blue fluorescence possessing an Rf value of 0.82.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (422K) -
若林 久嗣, 江草 周三1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 577-587
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOutbreaks of a new bacterial disease ‘Sekiten-byo’ (red spot disease) caused mass mortalities among pond-cultured eel populations in both Shizuoka and Tokushima prefectures during late spring to early summer in 1971. A remarkable petechial hemorrhage in the body surface appeared to be the sole characteristic symptom of the disease. Generally, a great mumber of bacteria were found in the blood of moribund fish.
The causative organism is a Gram-negative, non-acid-fast, nonsporing rod with a single polar flagellum, measuring about 2×0.4μ. The bacilli have metachromatic granules. Growth of the bacterium on a nutrient agar medium was rather slow. Colonies after 72 hr incubation at 25°C on nutrient agar were uniformly round, 1mm or less in diameter, glistening, light grey, entire, convex, translucent and vicid. Mortility of the organism varied with incubation temperature.
Because of the production of oxidase, nonsensitiveness to vibriostat 0/129 and inability both to attack glucose and to produce diffusible pigment, the bacterium is placed in the genus Pseudomonas, group III or IV. The bacterium was found to be not identical in its biochemical characteristics and pathogenicity to fish to any formally established species of the genus Pseudomonas, and thus we suggest that it be identified as Pseudomonas anguilliseptica sp. nov.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1463K) -
永山 文男, 大島 寛史, 梅沢 一民1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 589-593
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDistribution of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in fiish tissue was investigated to estimate the latent activity of glucose metabolism.
The hepatic hexokinase activity of fish, which is regarded as an activity of glucose uptake into the metabolic pathway, is 1/3-1/7 that of the reported value for rat liver, and there are no extreme differences among the activities of the four species investigated.
From the activities of hepatic enzymes relating to the Embden-Meyerhoff pathway (PGM and PGI) and to the hexosemonophosphate shunt (G6PD and 6PGD), grass carp is considered to posssess the strongest latent activity of glucose metabolism, being followed by eel, carp, and rainbow trout.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (308K) -
永山 文男, 大島 寛史, 梅沢 一民, 海宝 守一1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 595-598
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーActivities of hepatic enzymes relating to glucose-6-phosphate metabolism of rainbow trout and eel were all depressed by starvation for 15 days. On the other hand, the depression effect of starvation on the activities of hexokinase, phosphoglucomutase and phosphoglucose isomerase of carp hepatopancreas was less than that on hepatic enzymes of rainbow trout and eel. Besides, the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatase of carp were greatly elevated by starvation.
From the fluctuation of enzyme activities during starvation, it was clear that the activities of glucose-6-phosphate metabolizing enzymes in carp hepatopancreas increase on starvation for 5-10 days, then decrease slowly, returning to almost normal level on starvation for 30 days.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (236K) -
森井 秀昭, 金津 良一1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 599-605
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to ascertain the origin and function of iso-valeric acid in dolphin oil, the fatty acid composition of oil obtained from Stenella attenuata was studied by gasliquid chromatography, especially with the consideration of the differences occurring in various parts of the body but also in the various stages of development. The results obtained are as follows:
1) Degrees of unsaturation of blubber oils of the foetus and nurseling were remarkably lower than that of the adult.
2) The content of short-chain fatty acids (C2-C6) varied according to the stage of development and the part of the body.
3) Most of the short-chain fatty acids consisted of iso-valeric acid in the adult, but in the nurseling or foetus, iso-butyric acid or n-butyric acid was also adundant, next to iso-valeric acid.
4) Long-chain fatty acids (C10-C22) contained many branched-chain fatty acids of the iso-series, which were the most abundant in jaw oil of the adult and nurseling and in head oil of the foetus. The content of branched-chain fatty acids of the iso-series in blubber oil was poor in all stages.
5) Of the branched-chain fatty acids of the iso-series, iso 15:0 was highest in the adult, and iso 16:0 was equal to or higher than iso 15:0 in the nurseling and foetus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (452K) -
脂質酸化生成物の蛋白質に及ぼす影響高間 浩蔵, 座間 宏一, 五十嵐 久尚1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 607-612
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe development of rancidity in fish flesh during storage at -20°C effected the subsequent decrease of protein soluble in 5% NaCl (pH 7.0).
Actomyosin (1.6-2.0mg/ml), a protein affecting the qualities of fish flesh, was reacted at pH 7.2 and ionic strength 0.5 with short chain free fatty acids or aliphatic aldehydes (3 μM/mg protein), the oxidation products of unsaturated lipids.
The most reactive acid and aldehyde at -20°C were caproic acid and propanal respectively.
In the presence of phospholipids (more than about 20% of total protein) insolubilization of actomyosin was prevented in caproic acid reaction medium but not in propanal one.
Neutral lipids alone showed no effects on actomyosin insolubilization, while in the presence of phospholipids (over 20% of lipids) preventive effects were observed in caproic acid reaction medium.
The differences in preventive effects of phospholipids on actomyosin-caproic acid and propanal systems seemed to have originated from differentiae of caproic acid and propanal reaction mechanisms with actomyosin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (351K) -
宋 大鎮, 磯貝 宰1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 613-619
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of pretreatment and freezing rate on the quality of lyophilized and subsequently powdered Wakame-Mekabu, sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida, was examined.
After washing with sea, fresh and hot water, the kelps were frozen by vacuum freezing, semi-air blast (1m/sec) freezing at an air temperature of -25°C, and freezing on a cold metal plate at -30°C followed by vacuum freeze-drying at a plate temperature of 60°C. These lyophilized kelp powders were compared with the sun-dried powders in regard to viscosity, thread forming property, chlorophyll content and visual assessment of colour.
Results are summarized as follows:
1) Viscosity was higher and colour was richer in the wing than in the rib and sporophyll.
2) Blanching by immersion in 75°C hot water for about 5 sec maintained a bright green colour for a long period.
3) The thread forming property tended to increase along with increase in storage time.
4) The product of vacuum freeze-drying was superior to that of the sun-dried product in regard to viscosity, thread forming property and chlorophyll content as well as in visual assessment of colour.
5) The slower the rate of freezing, the higher was the viscosity of the sporophyll.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (407K) -
軟骨溶解液からの沈殿における塩の効果中嶋 昭正1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 621-626
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe influences of salt and ethanol concentrations on the precipitation of chondroitin sulfate (CS), keratosulfate (KS) and protein in the Pronase digest of whale nasal cartilage were examined, and the following results were obtained.
1) CS was precipitated almost completely with 1.5 volumes of ethanol, whether the salt was added or not.
2) Some amounts of KS could not be precipitated even with 3 volumes of ethanol, remaining in ethanolic supernatant.
3) The higher the salt concentration or the lower the ethanol concentration, the less protein was precipitated.
4) There was little difference between sodium chloride and sodium acetate in their influence on the precipitation of CS, KS and protein.
5) The attempt to remove the greater part of contaminating protein from crude CS by the washing with 50-59% ethanol saturated with sodium acetate was successful.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (409K) -
谷口 順彦, 高橋 次郎, 小西 芳信1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 627-631
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to establish a method for identification of the European freshwater eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) and Japanese freshwater eel (Anguilla japonica T. et S.), biochemical characters such as LDH, MDH, esterase and muscle proteins were examined using the starch-gel electrophoretic method.
1) Major zones of LDH emerge at 2.0cm, 3.8cm and 5.1cm from the origin in the European eel, and 2.0cm, 3.7cm and 5.4cm in the Japanese eel in the electrophoresis under the conditions applied.
2) MDH zones emerge at 0.6cm, 1.1cm and 1.6cm from the origin in the European eel, and 1.6cm, 2.9cm and 4.1cm in the Japanese eel.
3) Esterase zones of muscle extract emerge at 5.5cm and 6.7cm in the European eel, and 5.7cm and 6.9cm in the Japanese eel.
4) It is conluded that these electrophoretic characters are available for identification of these two species even in elvers, although a few differences with growth stages and genetic variation are observed in the electropherograms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (286K) -
摂餌後の細菌相の経時的変化瀬良 洋, 石田 祐三郎1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 633-637
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study was carried out to examine the changes of bacterial flora present in the digestive tracts of fish, red sea bream snapper and crimson sea bream, at various intervals after giving of the diet to fish. The results are summarized as follows:
The total number of bacteria, which consisted of a few specific groups in intestine, increased exponentially and reached an order of more than 108 (cells/g of contents of intestine) within 16 hours after ingestion.
On the other hand, bacteria in stomach did not change as markedly in numbers, but, later than 3 hours after ingestion, had the same properties as the bacterial groups in intestine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (255K) -
コイの代謝変動に及ぼす飼料組成の影響早山 万彦, 池田 静徳1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 639-643
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChanges in serum glucose level, serum amylase and protease activities, and histochemical changes in hepatopancreas of carp, Cyprinus carpio, fed diets of different compositions were investigated. The results obtained were as follows.
Serum glucose level depended on the carbohydrate content in diets, but no change was observed during the first 10 days. After 20 days of feeding the high carbohydrate diets, the carp exhibited a high level of serum glucose (> 150mg/dl). The dependence of serum amylase activity on carbohydrate was also evidenced by increased activity of this enzyme as the carbohydrate content in diets increased. Serum protease activity exhibited an opposite pattern, since the enzyme activity increased progressively with decreased protein in diets.
In histochemical investigation of the hepatopancreas, atrophy and accumulation of neutral fat were recognized in the carp fed high protein diets. On the other hand, hypertrophy and disappearance of neutral fat were observed in the hepatopancreas of carp fed high carbohydrate diets.
Even though carp are omnivora, the above results seem to suggest limited use of both dietary carbohydrate and dietary protein.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1205K) -
アカカマス肝臓のグルコース-6-燐酸脱水素酵素の諸性質示野 貞夫, 竹田 正彦1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 645-650
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe enzymatic properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the liver of barracuda, Sphyraena pinguis, were investigated and the results obtained were as follows:
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was present in the liver and kidney of barracuda, yellow-tail and carp, and the existence of hexose monophosphate shunt in fish tissues was suggested by the presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucose isomerase and fructose diphosphatase in these tissues. The enzyme was relatively active at pH 8.0 and was relatively stable at pH 7.0. Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate was necessary for the enzyme as coenzyme and the activity was activated by calcium, barium and magnesium ions and inhibited by mercuric ions. The apparent Michaelis constant was 4.5×10-5 M for glucose-6-phosphate or 2.0×10-5 M for nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (119K) -
瀬良 洋, 石田 祐三郎1972 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 651-652
発行日: 1972/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (129K)
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