巻号一覧
40 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
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-1950～1968年の標識放流結果からたみ移動の特性*1-宇佐 美修造, 松下 百合子1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1083-1097
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTwo hundred and twenty-one tagging experiments were carried out during 1950 through 1968 on the Pacific Subpopulation of the Japanese common mackerel, Scomber japonicus. Tagged fish totaled 37, 025 of which 256 were recaptured (recapturerate being 0.69%). The highest recapture rate as related to type of tagging was reported for the Atkins type of tag fastened on to the caudal peduncle(1.35%). That for the ecological phase of the fish was for the spawning period (1.50%), and for geographical area it was for the Izu Shoto Islands region (1.37%), respectively. The recaptures after more than 100 days were observed mostly of fish tagged with the dart-type tag, thrust into the dorsum. Noteworthy exsamples were fish recovered 480 nautical miles away from the tagged place and those recaptured when the fish revisited the release site. The present observations may substantiate the hypothesis in regard to the movement and migratory patterns of adult mackerel of the Pacific Subpopulation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (738K) -
飼育と生態観察今岡 要二郎1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1099-1105
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRoundnose flounder, Eopsetta grigorjewi HERZENSTEIN, has been known as an economically important fish for the medium sized pair trawlers in the South-western Japan Sea and its adjacent waters.
The author obtained the experimental results on attempts to rear this species.
Two experiments have been carried out, a summer rearing which was continued for 110 days, and a winter rearing continued for 239 days. Both rearings were under the condition of 11-25°C water temperature but it seemed that 11-20°C was most suitable for rearing, though, the water temperature in which the fish were caught had a wide range of between 5° to 23°C.
Several kinds of prey, such as small shrimps or crustacean were given, and at a later stage small fishes were given instead. In the first period, the mortality of the young was higher than that of adult fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (361K) -
発生初期と飼育による生長今岡 要二郎, 三栖 寛1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1107-1114
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーImaoka has reported on the results of long-term rearing of the roundnose flounder, Eopsetta grigorjewi HERZENSTEIN, in an aquarium. In this paper, the authors report on its spawning, hatching, and larval rearing in an aquarium.
The experiments were conducted from February to March of 1972 and 1973. The eggs obtained by natural spawning and artifical fertilization began to hatch out at about 102 hrs (when the water temperature was regulated between 12-13°C during daytime and 8-10°C in the night) and 75 hrs (when the room temperature was regulated at 14°C).
The rate of artificial fertilization was 85-93%. The rotifer as the first food was given after three days of hatch-out.
In those experiments, death of larvae decreased after the tenth day and the averaeg body length of larvae was 6.7-7.0mm by the twenty fifth day of rearing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2386K) -
マコガレイの食性と分布について大森 迪夫1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1115-1126
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe flatfish, Limanda yokohamae, were obtained from catches taken by the coastal trawl fishery in Sendai Bay during 1967 ?? 1970. The fish feed mainly on small decapod crustaceans, Pinnixa rathbuni, from early spring to early summer. During the other seasons, they mainly eat polychaete worms, a species of Actiniaria and siphons of pelecypods in the seasons from summer to winter respectively in the neighbourhood of Ohne reef, and polychaete worms in other areas.
The selective feeding of this fish was investigated by comparing the organisms found in the stomach with those found in the samples collected by SMITH-MCINTYRE type bottom sampler. This fish eat selectively burrowing organisms that are provided on the head with many tentacles or branchial filaments such as, tubicolous polychaetes with many tentacles or crown, a species of Actiniaria, siphons of pelecypods, Lebidoplax sp. and Opisthobranchia, but the fish avoid amphipods, the whole body of pelecypods, cumaceans and sipunchroids. Such food selection seems to reflect the mouth structure and the feeding behaviour of this fish.
The density of this fish indicated by the catch per haul of the trawl net have a positive correlation with the density of the selected benthos. The most abundantly living place of this fish occurred in silty or very fine sand bottom area, where the density of the selected benthos is certainly higher than that in other areas. It seems that the distribution of this fish is affected by the density of these small benthic animals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1122K) -
アミノ酸試験飼料による飼育試験弟子丸 修, 黒木 克宣1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1127-1131
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWith the object of studying the amino acid requirements of prawn Penaeus japonicus, amino acid test diets were prepared by replacing casein and albumin in our purified test diet for prawn with crystalline amino acids. Four test diets, each differing in amino acid composition, were tested by a 4-week feeding test. Regardless of the amino acid composition, these amino acid test diets sustained only a very poor growth and produced high mortalities. The intake of the amino acid test diets was also inferior to that of the casein-albumin test diet. When the amino acid test diets were replaced by the casein-albumin test diet, growth and feed efficiency were much improved and mortality was lowered.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (256K) -
のり網による養殖試験新村 巌, 山中 邦洋1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1133-1138
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe productivity of Cladosiphon okamuranus culture was examined in the field. For the purpose of performing this study a culture-net on which the zoospores naturally attached themselves in the field was used and the net was set in the open sea.
1) Concerning the suitable depth at which this plant grew, the most suitable depth was ascertained to be at 2 meters below the low-tide level, and the second was at 1 meter, the third, at 3 meters and the fourth, at 4 meters, respectively.
2) After setting of the culture-net, the plant on the net showed gradually accelerated growth until it reached maximum flourishing between the 80th and 90th day. Since no further flourishing thereafter was observed at 2 meters in depth, it seemed safe to say that the best harvest time fell during a 10-day-period between the 80th and 90th day after net-setting.
3) The harvest from one sheet of culture-net (1.5×18.2 m) of the plant was 65 ?? 100kg in wet weight. Based on the above-mentioned findings, it seemes feasible to commercialize the artificial cultivation of this plant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (982K) -
松川 英彦, 伊藤 春生, 鈴木 たね子1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1139-1143
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPeripheral vasodilating activities of peptide fractions of muscle hydrolysates from various animals were observed by following changes in femoral artery blood flow of dog and in the blood flow of the abdominal subcutaneous tissues of rabbit. Sample animals were fur seal, caribou (North American reindeer), dolphin, cat, dog, cattle, horse mackerel, Alaska pollack and squid. The peptide fractions from muscle hydrolysates were prepared by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-25. Fraction 2 in the elution profile of each sample as shown in Fig. 1 was freeze-dried and a faint yellow powder was obtained.
A rise in arterial blood flow occurred immediately after the injection of saline solution containing 5 mg of the powder, the highest changes being observed in fur seal, caribou and dolphin in that order. In other mammals, fish and squid, only a feeble increase in blood flow was observed (Fig. 2).
With the peptide fractions from fur seal and caribou, an increase of about 15-20% was observed in the blood flow of the abdominal subcutaneous tissues to which an ointment containing 0.07-0.5% of the powder had been applied. Similar treatment using peptide fractions from the other animals produced a decrease in blood flow (Fig. 3).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (245K) -
貯蔵中における筋肉の遊離アミノ酸, TMA, ATP関連化合物および核酸の消長内山 均, 加藤 登1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1145-1154
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to develop a storage procedure to be used in place of iced or frozen storage for the preservation of fish freshness, partial freezing for periods of up to 2-3 weeks was examined using sea bass. The criteria for evaluation were made according to the changes in the amounts of free amino acids and trimethylamine nitrogen as well as post-mortem autodegradation of nucleotides and nucleic acids in fish muscle.
The changes in the free amino acids of muscle during storage at -3°C differed significantly from those observed during ice storage, though no significant differences were observed between the muscles iced and stored at -2°C. During storage at -3°C, no appreciable amount of trimethylamine nitrogen was detected, initial spoilage of the fish being greatly reduced. The K value of fish muscle stored at -3°C reached 20% after 2 weeks, whereas that of iced muscle reached 58% in 5 days.
The possibility that nucleic acids in fish muscle might be broken down to their mononucleotide constituents during ice storage or storage at -3°C was almost negligible as far as could be determined colorimetrically with the phloroglucinol reaction. However, degradation of nucleic acid molecules in iced muscle was indicated by the results of chromatography on methylated albumin kieselgur, whereas the degradation was reduced noticeably in muscle stored at -3°C.
From the present results with sea bass, storage by partial freezing at -3°C seems to be effective as a means of preserving fish freshness when storage must be prolonged beyond the storage life of iced fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (512K) -
高士 令二, 室塚 剛志, 新井 健一1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1155-1161
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMyosin from dorsal muscle of tilapia, Tilapia mossambica, was purified by chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50. Its properties have been investigated.
1. The ratio of the absorption of tilapia myosin at 280mμ to that at 260mμ was 1.83. The purity of this protein was examined by analytical ultracentrifugation, rechromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
2. The intrinsic viscosity ([μ]=2.15dl/g) and the sedimentation coefficient (S020, w=6.38S) of tilapia myosin were very similar to those of rabbit myosin, respectively.
3. The amino acid composition of tilapia myosin was generally similar to that of rabbit myosin. The apparent specific volume of tilapia myosin calculated from the amino acid composition was 0.734cm3/g.
4. Its biological activities such as ATPase properties and combining ability with actin was fundamentally the same as those of rabbit myosin. The Ca2+-ATPase activity of tilapia myosin was more stable than that of carp myosin.
These results indicated that our tilapia myosin preparation was homogeneous and highly purified. We proposed that the use of tilapia myosin has some advantages for studies on the muscular protein of fish, particularly on its structure and function.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1486K) -
安元 健, 佐野文 比古1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1163-1167
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFrom the ovary of shellfish Callista brevishiphonata, two quaternary amines were isolated by ion-exchange chromatography, followed by paper or thin layer chromatography. They were postulated to be α-trimethylammonio-γ-butyrolacone chloride and L-valine betaine on the basis of spectral analyses. Their structures were confirmed by comparison with synthesized specimens. A paper chromatographic survey of the initial extracts revealed that α-trimethylammonio-γ-butyrolactone chloride did not occur as such but was derived artificially from homoserine betaine by treatment in hydrochloric acid solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (256K) -
[3-(dimethylsulfonio)propyl] trimethylammonium dichlorideの分離・同定安元 健1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1169-1172
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA new quaternary amine containing sulfur was isolated from a water soluble fraction of the viscera of Turbo argyrostoma by chromatography on colomns of Amberlite IRA-400 and Dowex 50 followed by partition chromatography on a cellulose column. Mass spectral analysis indicated that the amine decomposes upon heating into CH3Cl, (CH3)3N, (CH3)2S, CH3S(CH2)3Cl, and CH3S(CH2)3N(CH3)2, suggesting that it is [3-(dimethylsulfonio)propyl] trimethylammonium dichloride (CH3)2S+(CH2)3N+(CH3)3 2Cl-. Treatment of the sample with potassium iodide yielded crystalline needles of diiodide C8H21I2NS (mp. 246°), which were identical with a synthesized specimen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (219K) -
マアジーブリ幼魚という食物連鎖における水銀の転移率について鈴木 輝明, 畑中 正吉1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1173-1178
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this report, the rate of mercury transfer through the food chain from jack mackerel, Trachrus japonicus, to yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata, was calculated.
After rearing in methylmercury dosed sea water, jack mackerels were fed to tagged yellowtail for 18 days maintaining normal feeding and growth rate. On the basis of the relationship between body weight and total amount of mercury of the reared jack mackerels, the total amount of mercury incorporated by the yellowtail was determined. The rate of mercury transfer was calculated from the remaining mercury in the yellowtail and the total.
The calculated value was very high: 66 ?? 103% (ave. 88%). As the percentage of the methylmercury in the total mercury of the reared jack mackerels, was not different from that one in nature, this calculated value may be applied to this food chain in nature. The food chain seems to play an important role in the biological concentration of mercury.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (322K) -
新間 脩子, 新間 弥一郎1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1179-1186
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLipids were extracted successively with n-hexane and chloroform-methanol (2:1) mixture from each of flesh, liver and other viscera sample taken from 7 spotted sharks in Tokyo Bay one of which had embryos, and the contents and composition patterns of chlorobiphenyls were examined.
Among immature fish, a linear relation was observed between body weight and total PCB content. Most of the accumulated PCBs were found in liver and consisted mainly of hexa- and hepta- chlorinated compounds. In parent fish, however, the PCB content in flesh was as high as that in liver. Once matured, the PCB content in flesh tended to increase, possibly with age.
In embryos, the PCB content of yolk lipid was twice that of body lipid though much lower than that of parent fish liver. The chloroform-methanol extracted lipid from parent fish liver was similar in PCB composition pattern to that of egg lipid, suggesting a probable involvement of the former lipid in the biosynthesis of the latter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (469K) -
関 伸夫, 新井 健一1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1187-1194
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA gel filtration method in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was applied to the separation of the components of myofibrillar proteins from fish muscle. A characterization of the components obtained by gel filtration chromatography was made by measuring the mobilities on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Gel filtration of carp myosin gave two clearly separated peaks, corresponding to myosin heavy chains and light chains. The weight ratio of heavy chains to light chains of myosin was estimated to be approximately 87:13, while carp actin gave a single peak which was eluted between the peaks of myosin heavy chains and light chains.
Actomyosin was separated into three peaks. The weight ratio of myosin to actin in actomyosin prepared by the ordinary method was estimated to be approximately 3:1.
Myofibrils, accounting for 70% of the muscle proteins, were completely dissolved in SDS. The elution pattern of dissolved myofibrils was closely similar to that of actomyosin.
The present method was successfully used to examine the purity of myosin, actin, and actomyosin and to estimate the contents of their respective components.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3348K) -
鈴木 たね子, 松川 英彦, 伊藤 春生1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1195-1197
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt has already been reported that a peptide having peripheral vasodilating activity was isolated from the hydrolysate of the skeletal muscle of immature male fur seal. The present study was undertaken to determine whether or not the peptide preparations from fur seals of different ages and sexes also have this vasodilating activity.
27 fur seals caught in the northern sea of Japan were divided into five groups according to their generative power based on their estimated age, and the skeletal muscle from the animals of each group was defatted and hydrolysed enzymatically. The hydrolysate was then fractionated by gelfiltration on Sephadex G-25 and the peptide fraction obtained was examined for the vasodilating activity.
Immediately after the injection of a saline solution of the peptide into the femoral artery of dog, the blood flow in the artery was increased by 71% at the highest and 40% at the lowest. However, no significant difference in the rate of increase was observed among the five groups nor among the three groups, males, females and pregnant females.
It may be concluded from the above results that the peptide having the peripheral vasodilating activity is obtainable from any individual fur seal regardless of age and sex.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (197K) -
阿部 重信, 金田 尚志1974 年 40 巻 11 号 p. 1199
発行日: 1974/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (85K)
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