巻号一覧
40 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
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空鈎及び摂餌痕跡のある餌料の出現と鈎獲魚の出現の同期性山口 裕一郎, 小林 裕1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 119-128
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is a well-known fact that many empty hooks and spoiled baits are encountered while the tuna long-line is being drawn. The explanation for this has been accounted for by two factors-(1) destruction of bait by wave action, and (2) decomposition of bait as a result of prolonged soaking. The wave theory is disputed since the breaking power of baits is too great for them to be removed from hooks by this physical force. In this study, the occurrence of empty hooks and spoiled baits with that of hooked fish was compared. Considerable synchronism between the two was found. Therefore, it is concluded that the loss of baits is due mainly to “bilking.”抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1084K) -
鈎獲魚の胃中に残る餌料サンマの数とその消化進行状況について山口 裕一郎, 小林 裕1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 129-134
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs a follow-up to the previous study, the number of baits contained in the stomach of hooked fish was counted, and it was found that from O to as many as 4 baits were contained in them. This fact would indicate that the hooked fish took more than one bait from many branches of the long line, and those fish without any baits in their stomach possibly regurgitated the baits.
Furthermore, it can possibly be concluded that many fish escape being hooked by regurgitating the hook(s) and the baits.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (332K) -
武田 恵二1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 135-140
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe culture experiments of a maine centric diatom, Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus TAKANO, were undertaken with compressed flasks of 100ml in volume under the following conditions:
Temperature: 18.0-22.0°C, specific gravity of experimental culture medium containing the optimum value (52.6mgN/l) of KNO3: 23.44-25.40(σ15), light intensity of white fluorescent tube (National Hi-light) for culture: 2.5Klx (the radiant energy from the range of 400 to 700nm in light wave length was 4.3W and that from the whole light length wave was 23.3W), and bubbling volume: 1.5l/l/min.
The results obtained were summarized as follows:
1.The effective value of Na2HPO4 added to medium for increasing of ce11 numbers or packed cell volume (P.C.V.) of this diatom was 4.17-10.8mg P/l and its optimum value was 8.68mgP/l.
2. The optimum value of Na2HPO4 added to medium for the increasing of P.C.V. was 8.68mgP/l. The increasing rate of P.C.V. in medium added 8.68mgP/l of Na2HPO4 was lower than that of cell numbers observed in the same medium.
3. In the medium added more 13.0mgP/l of Na2HPO4, the flochs with many diatom cells occurred and the growth was inhibited.
4. The N-P ratio of 12.6 in mg-atoms ratio or 6.06 in mg ratio seems to be the optimum N-P ratio for the excellent growth (increasings of cell numbers and P.C.V.)of this diatom.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (336K) -
若狭湾におけるアカアマダイ資源量の年変動北原 武1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 141-152
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe population size of branquillos, which was estimated from the catch statistics with sweeping trammel net, varied from 55 to 165 tons in Wakasa Bay from 1961 to 1970. To examine yearly variation in the population size, analyses were made with length and age compositions of branquillos catch in the sweeping trammel net fishery in the bay, 1961-1970.
The length and age compositions indicated that the population size was greatly dependent on the abundance of 2 and 3 years old fish (19-25cm in length) and that there were predominant year classes such as 1958 and 1964. The survival (processes) of each year class could approximately be represented by an exponential function in a certain age range. The analyses of age compositions gave a density dependent reproduction curve of branquillos, although plots were found scattered to a certain extent. Further, it was found that a yearly variation in availability affected the estimation of fish number index, and hence survival rate, with the length composition of catch.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (612K) -
山内 晧平, 山本 喜一郎1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 153-155
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOvarian eggs of the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, which were brought to the migratory nucleus stage by administration of a suspension of dog salmon pituitary glands, could be induced to mature by in vitro culture with synthetic medium 199 added to calf serum or a similar medium containing gonadotropic hormones. Ripe eggs were spherical in shape, measured about 1.0 to 1.26mm in diameter, and contained a large oil drop in the ooplasm of the vegetative pole. These eggs were pelagic in nature. About 30 minutes after insemination, fertilized eggs formed a moderate perivitelline space and egg cleavage began about two hours later. Cleavage was of the typical discoidal type. Eggs continued to develop until the 42nd hour and formed embryos of the morula, blastula and gastrula stage. These embryos displayed morphological features commonly observed in teleost fishes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (963K) -
山本 喜一郎, 春日 清一, 大森 正明1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 159-162
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system and adenohypophysis of male Japanese eels, Anguilla japonica, transferred into sea water and induced to maturation by Synahorin injection were observed histologically. Transfer of the eels to sea water activated GTH-cells slightly, but spermatocytes were not observed in the testicular tissue. Lateral tuberal nucleus of eel injected with Synahorin was activated in correlation with an increase in GTH-cell activity and testicular maturation. The preoptico-hypophysial neurosecretory system failed to show any recognizable changes during the maturation of treated eels.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2467K) -
徳永 俊夫1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 167-174
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study has been carried out in order to examine the influence of the storage temperature on the rate of dimethylamine (DMA) and formaldehyde (FA) formation, and to elucidate the denaturation effect of these substances on the muscle protein of Alaska pollack duing frozen storage.
The results obtained were summarized as follows.
1. In minced ordinary and dazk muscle of Alaska pollack stored at various temperatures from -5°C to -40°, the largest amount of DMA was produced at -10°C. In dark muscle, degradation of trimethylamine oxide was very rapid and DMA-N reached about 30mg/100g after 10 days storage at -10°C. But very little or no trimethylamine was observed in the same sample.
2. With the increase in DMA content, a gradual decrease in extractable protein infrozen fillet was observed.
3. In spite of the fact that a wide fluctuation in the amount of DMA produced wasobserved among sample fishes, there was a close relation between DMA content and extractability of protein.
4. When the DMA-N value exceeded 2.0-2.5mg/100g of the muscle, the decrease in protein extractability became apparent.
5. DMA-N may be a useful quality index for frozen Alaska pollack and other gadoid fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (494K) -
志水 寛1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 175-179
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe gel-forming abilities of meat pastes (moisture 83%, NaCl 3%, pH 6.8-7.0) made from the raw and washed meat of 9 fish species were compared at 30°, 50° and 90°C.
From their gelatinizing capacity at 30°C, the fishes could be distinguished into two groups: “active get-former” which consisted of marine teleosts (white croaker, japanese blue-fish, lizard fish, horse mackerel and spotted mackerel) and “dull gel-former”, to which belonged cartilaginous fish (spotted shark) and fresh water fish (crucian carp, carp and silver big-head). There was a close correlation between the gel-forming abilities at 30° and those at 90°C except for spotted mackerel, which produced very fragile gels at either 50°C or 90°C in spite of its potential gelatinizing capacity. Gels formed at 50°C were always superior in toughness to those formed at 90°C with the single exception of spotted shark, in which the reverse was the case.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (255K) -
渡辺 武, 隆島 史夫, 荻野 珍吉1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 181-188
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe growth and histological changes of rainbow trout kept on a diet deficient in essential fatty acid (EFA) are described. Feeding the purified diets containing no fat or no polyunsaturated fatty acids resulted in poor growth, low feed conversion, high mortality, and a shock syndrome. The whole body, muscle and whole viscera of fish fed on EFA deficient diet were considerably high in water content and low in both protein and lipid contents. The content of liver lipid was also high, indicating a sign of fatty liver. On histological examination, the effect of linolenic acid deficiency was clearly recognized in the liver, muscle, kidney and pancreas. The symptoms were almost completely prevented by the addition of 1% methyl linolenate to the diet. It may be concluded from these results that linolenic acid plays an essential role in rainbow trout as assigned to linoleic acid in mammals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1954K) -
コイの筋肉内アルカリ性プロテアーゼの酵素化学的諸性質岩田 和士, 小橋 恭一, 長谷 純一1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 189-200
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated some enzymatic properties of the alkaline protease purified from ordinary carp muscle. The optimal pH of the enzyme for the hydrolysis of casein was found to be 8.0. The maximal activity of the enzyme was found at 65°C on 40 min incubation and the activity was not detected on incubation at temperatures under 55°C. The enzyme was stable at temperatures lower than 60°C for 10min, and also at pH values higher than 4.5 for 20hr at 3°C. The enzyme was activated by sulfhydryl compounds and was inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents such as K3, NEM and pCMB. The enzyme was inactivated by heavy metal ions, SDS, urea and NBS, but not by DFP. The enzyme inhibition by pCMB was reversed by the addition of excess 2-mercaptoethanol. The enzyme hydrolyzed casein and hemoglobin, but did not hydrolyze CBZ-Glu-Tyr, B-Arg amide, Gly-Phe amide and acid denatured hemoglobin, which were specific substrates for cathepsins A, B, C and D respectively. The hydrolysis of casein by this enzyme was inhibited by high concentrations of sodium chloride. Actomyosin was also considerably hydrolyzed by this enzyme in 0.12M sodium chloride, pH 8.4, but hardly hydrolyzed in 0.5M sodium chloride, pH 6.6, which is a condition similar to that used in the production of Kamaboko.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (669K) -
魚類の筋肉およびコイの臓器中のアルカリ性プロテアーゼの分布岩田 和士, 小橋 恭一, 長谷 純一1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 201-209
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe white muscle of 4 species of freshwater fish, 21 species of marine fish and 2 species of mammalia, and the internal organs of carp, Cyprinus carpio were investigated for the distribution of an alkaline protease which hydrolyzes casein at 60°-65°C in the slightly alkaline pH range. The enzymatic activity was found in almost all fish specimens except Salmo gairdneri iricleus, Theragra chalcogramma, Pneumatophorus japonicus japonicus and Sardinops melanosticta. Potent enzymatic activity was found in muscle specimens of the following species Tylosurus melanotus, Tribolodon hakonesis hakonesis, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Clupanodon thrissa, Stephanolepis Cirrhifer, Hemiramphus sajori, Leiognathus nuchalis etc. Moderate enzymatic actlvity was also found in those of Engraulis japonica, Seriola quinqueradiata and Trachurus japonicus, the so-called reddish muscle, and dark muscle of carp. The maximal activity of the enzyme in these fish on 60 min incubation was found at 60°C-65°C and pH 7.7-8.1. The enzymatic activity of rat muscle was lower at 60°C, pH 8.0, than that of fish muscle, but no activity was detectable in rabbit muscle. The enzymatic activity was found in the ovary and testis of carp at 65°C, pH 8.2 and their specific activities were 2-4 fold higher than that of white muscle. The molecular weight of testicular protease was found to be the same as that of the enzyme from the white muscle (780, 000).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (595K) -
平野 敏行1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 211-215
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo establish a simple polarographic method for determination of homarine occurring characteristically in marine invertebrates, extraction methods and supporting electrolytes were surveyed using the squid mantle muscle and liver.
Homarine in the tissues was easily extractable with 5-20 volumes of boiling water. The use of 1N H2SO4 as a supporting electrolyte was proposed, as it gave a well-defined first wave of homarine on polarography.
The amounts of homarine in the squid mantle muscle and liver were determined by the modified method, and a higher value was found in the liver than in the mantle muscle. The recovery of added homarine was satisfactory, ranging from 99 to 101%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (243K) -
(3-methylthiopropyl) trimethylammonium chlorideの同定安元 健, 遠藤 光春1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 217-221
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe previous work on a marine snail, Turbo argyrostoma, collected in Okinawa revealed the occurrence of two toxic amines containing sulfur. The main component, named toxin A, was newly shown to contain both trimethylammonium and methylthio moieties by its NMR spectrum. Further information obtained by mass spectral analysis of the thermal degradation products clearly indicated that toxin A is (3-methylthiopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride. The structure was also confirmed by synthesis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (263K) -
大島 泰克, 塩見 一雄, 橋本 芳郎1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 223-230
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGrammistins of Grammistes sexlineatus, Diploprion bifasciatum and Aulacocephalus temmincki were fractionated by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and countercurrent distribution, and compared with those obtained from Pogonoperca punctata. Three grammistin components corresponding to grammistins A, B and C of P. punctata were separated from G. sexlineatus, suggesting a close relationship between these two species. Grammistins of D. bifasciatum and A. temmincki revealed a very different pattern of elution and distribution from those of P. punctata. The major grammistin from A. temmincki was a fairly large molecule. In addition to the four grammistins, D. bifasciatum contained a large amount of a fat soluble hemolysin, which was a small tertiary or quaternary amine without a peptide moiety.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (376K) -
志水 寛, 西岡 不二男1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 231-234
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe interactions between actomyosin (AM) and sarcoplasmic proteins (SP) during heat denaturation were investigated using mixed solutions a tμ 0.6 and pH6.8. When mixed with AM, SP which should otherwise be precipitated, remained to a fairly large extent in solution, binding to AM in the temperature range between 35° and 50°C. On the other hand, at temperatures between 50° and 90°C, AM, which does not precipitate in simple solution, aggregated with SP to form precipitates. The amount of protein remaining in solution after heating for 15min at 90°C varied critically with the mixing ratio of AM to SP. At ratios higher than 6:4 no coagulation occurred, while at ratios lower than 2:8 all the proteins except for the “non coagulable” fraction of SP were precipitated. The limiting ratio for coagulation, however, tends to increase as the pH of the solution is lowered.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (237K) -
W. J. DYER, Doris Fraser HILTZ1974 年 40 巻 2 号 p. 235-243
発行日: 1974/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChanges in physical and organoleptic characteristics of cooked scallop meats, prepared from fresh meats which had been either iced, stored at 5°C, or stored at 5°C following thawing of meats frozen in the prerigor or the postrigor state, were examined. The tender texture of prerigor scallops is retained during quick-freezing and thawing; the activation of glycolytic and other processes has a minimum effect on the quality parameters.
Compression tests indicate maximum rigor at about 4 days followed by a postrigor relaxation in unfrozen meats, but indicate a marked hardening in the thawed meats from Postrigor frozen scallops.
This freeze-thaw firming is not as pronounced in organoleptic taste tests, suggesting that the compression tests used were not measuring the same property as the organoleptic ones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (444K)
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