巻号一覧
40 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1～15を表示しています
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マコガレイの卵巣成熟度に関連する体液浸透圧の変化朱 阿栄, 花岡 資1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 319-324
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA study has been made on the seasonal changes of the osmotic pressure of serum in the right-eyed flounder, limanda yokohamae, a winter-spring spawner, in relation to its gonadal maturation throughout a year.
An increase in serum osmolality at spawning time, as seen in the pelagic fish Scomber japonicus and Trachurus japonicus, spring-summer spawners, reported in the previous paper, was also observed in this species. However the range of change was very limited, averaging a 14% rise only in serum osmolality as compared with about 50% in the pelagic fish. Also a counterclockwise migratory triangular diagram could be drawn from “osmotic pressure and temperature relation” for the surrounding sea water, as against the clockwise one for the pelagic S. japonicus and T. japonicus, showing marked different characters between both types of spawners.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (279K) -
菊池 孝彦, 関沢 泰治, 池田 弥生, 尾崎 久雄1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 325-337
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAccording to the modified MCFARLAND's criterion and the diagrammatical display procedure, behavioral analyses of the central nervous system depressant activity of 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole, a piscine anesthetic, were carried out. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) as a representative of a fresh water type, rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii irideus) as a mid type between fresh and salt water and yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiara) as a salt water type were used. The analyses resulted in establishing a methodological standardization procedure for the application of anesthetics upon a given fish for handling and transportation for aquacultural use. For the bathing anesthetization of carp, a concentration at 30-40ppm provided good anesthesia for 20-40min. For the bathing sedation, a concentration at 12ppm provided good sedation for 3-72hr. For the bathing anesthetization of rainbow trout, a concentration at 20-30ppm provided good anesthesia for 40min to 3hr and for the bathing sedation, a concentration at 10ppm provided good sedation for 24hr. For the bathing anesthetization of yellowtail, a concentration at 15-20ppm provided good anesthesia for 10-25min. For the bathing sedation, a concentration at 8ppm provided good sedation for 4.5hr.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (500K) -
池田 弥生, 尾崎 久雄, 関沢 泰治1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 339-350
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA preliminary survey for the absorption, distribution and excretion of 3H•2-amino-4-phenylthiazole was carried out to determine its anesthetic property, metabolism and residue. To observe the absorption and distribution, the fishes were immersed in fresh water containing 40ppm of 3H•2-amino-4-phenylthiazole hydrobromide for 60min at 12°C. Also to observe the excretion, after immersion for 5 min, the fishes were moved into fresh water and the time course survey was continued for 3hr.
A tendency to give rise to a similar absorption or distribution pattern was observed in the hepatopancreas, spleen, kidney, muscle and gonad. Major distribution was, however, found in the brain. The order of distribution in each part of the brain was; medulla oblongata>interbrain ?? midbrain>cerebellum ?? spinal cord>cerebrnm. The critical concentration of this compound in the brain for the initiation of anesthetization was roughly estimated to be 70μg eq./g wet brain.
A tendency to give rise to a similar excretion pattern was observed in the blood and brain as a pattern for rapid excretion. In the hepatopancreas, kidney and spleen, after starting of the recovery process, the distribution of this compound was once augmented and then excreted. The major route of absorption or excretion was the gills, while a minor role was played in the bile and urine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (729K) -
関沢 泰治, 鈴木 明, 橘 邦隆, 菊池 孝彦1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 351-361
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe physio-chemical characteristics of a sedative, 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole, as to its anesthetic properties upon carp (Cyprinus carpio) were surveyed. (1) EEG activation by acetylcholine chloride administered into the cerebellum was observed under concomitant debilitation of EEG from the cerebellum by anesthetization. EEG activation was also observed by serotonin-creatinine sulfate or dopamine hydrochloride, but not by noradrenaline hydrochloride. (2) This compound gave neither extreme activitation nor inhibition upon the monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4) or acetylcholine hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.7) activity. (3) The depletion of acetylcholine in the nerve ending particles was observed under anesthetization. The depletion of serotonin or dopamine was not observed. It might be concluded that the depletion of acetylcholine resulted in the inhibition of choline o-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.6) activity and the abatement of acetylcholine binding capacity of the synaptic vesicles in the presence of this compound. (4) The brain cAMP was observed to be increased by the anesthetization. Although the implications as for the augmentation of brain cAMP was not yet fully elucidated, it was concluded that the augmentation resulted from inhibition of cAMP phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.1) activity in the presence of this compound.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (689K) -
関野 清成, 斎藤 健, 西山 寛, 狩谷 貞二1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 363-368
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIf a response with a prominent diurnal rhythm in fish body ceases its cycle just when the fish died and dose not change for a reasonable period, it may be possible to estimate the time of death by observing the phase of that response of the dead fish.
Attempts were made to use the retino-motor response of fish for this estimation. To find the characters of the retina in every phase, the position of the cone, the width of the pigment layer and the state of the pigment were observed, and the illuminance was measured. The characters of the retina in the daytime, at the dusk, at night and at the dawn were defined respectively. The retina kept the light-adapted state when the illuminance was more than five lux. Generally the state of the retina did not change for twelve hours after death even in such a high water temperature as in summer.
Therefore, when dead fish are obtained from the common pond, river and sea, to observe their retina and compare it with the four characters is useful for the estimation of the period of time in which the fish died.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1951K) -
鰓結節症のハマチから分離されたNocardia Kampachiの柱状楠田 理一, 滝 秀雄, 竹内 照文1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 369-373
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA gill-tuberculosis of cultured yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata, which occurred from late autumn of 1971 till the following spring in both Tosashimizu and Tanabe bays are described in the paper.
The causal organism was found to be a gram-positive, non-motile rod which occasionally showed branching, and was feebly acid-fast. It was non-sporing, and produced aerial hyphae. Catalase, hydrogensulfide production, starch hydrolysis, and nitrate reduction were positive. Decomposition of hypoxanthine and tyrosin was feebly positive. Tests for oxidase, urease, indole production, gelatin liquefaction, and decomposition of casein and xanthine were negative. It was able to produce acids from glucose, fructose, and glycerol on a medium containing sodium glutamate as the nitrogen source. The organism utilized the acetate, citrate, fumarate, and pyruvate, but not the benzonate, oxalate, propionate, and tartrate on a medium containing diammonium hydrogen phosphate as the nitrogen source. It showed growth neither at 10°C nor 37°C and survived at 50°C for 4 hours in the nutrient broth.
On comparison with a strain from nocardiosis of yellowtail it was apparent that the gill-tuberculosis organism was Nocardia kampachi.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (937K) -
ミルクカゼインおよび脱脂小麦胚芽の酵素分解物の栄養価青江 弘, 池田 光一郎, 斎藤 孝士1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 375-379
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe casein hydrolyzates obtained with trypsin, pepsin, or pronase maintained the growth of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri irideus as did casein, but not that of young carp Cyprinus carpio. The hydrolyzates of defatted wheat germ obtained with trypsin or pronase also failed to sustain the growth of young carp. These results suggested that carp have specific differences not only in free amino acid nutrition but also in peptide nutrition.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (247K) -
単璃精製と二・三の性状福家 真也, 山口 勝巳, 橋本 周久, 松浦 文雄1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 381-385
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA unique green pigment occurs in the erythrocytes of scombroid fishes. That of skipjack was separated into six components when applied to Sephadex G-25 (fine) gel filtration. The three major components were further purified by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and starch block electrophoresis. All the purified components were found to be homogeneous both by disc electrophoresis and isoelectrofocussing. The molecular weights of these components were comparatively small, ranging from 4, 000 to 10, 000. Their isoelectric points were found to be between pH 3.3 and 3.7. The absorption spectra suggested the presence of some nucleotide base(s) as molecular components in addition to the biliverdin-like chromophore, lipid, peptide, sugar, and phosphate moieties thus far reported.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1017K) -
渡辺 武, 小林 一郎, 打江 長武, 荻野 珍吉1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 387-392
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRainbow trout fingerlings were kept on a fat-free diet or those supplemented with each of methyl laurate, methyl linolenate, and a mixture of soybean oil and cod liver oil, in order to see the effects of dietary lipids on the fatty acid composition of body lipids. The fat-free diet and one supplemented with methyl laurate brought about an elevation in the proportion of monoethylenic fatty acids, especially of 16:1ω7 and 18:1ω9 acids. Dietary linolenate or ω3 acids depressed the level of monoenes and elevated that of 22:6ω3 acid. These changes were much more conspicuous in phospholipids than in triglycerides. Neither the linolenate level nor the absence of fat in diets exerted any appreciable effect on the contents of vitamin A and E in the liver.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (313K) -
弘田 禮一郎, 藤木 素士, 田島 静子1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 393-397
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe plankton collected at 15 stations in Ariake-and Yatsushiro-kai were divided into phytoplankton (diatoms), zooplankton (mainly copepods) and large sized thaliacean, and their mercury contents determined. The mercury concentrations in the plankton were high at several stations in the vicinity of Minamata and decreased with increasing distance from Minamata. On the other hand, the mercury concentrations in the plankton were of the same order as those in the fishes and shellfishes collected in the same areas. From these results, it is considered that the degree of pollution by mercury in the surveyed region was rather low except in the vicinity of Minamata where mercury had been formerly discharged in large quantities, and that the absorption of mercury in the fishes and shellfishes shows little dependence on the food chain.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (256K) -
井村 孝嗣1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 399-408
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe alkaline RNA-depolymerase in the pyloric caeca of rainbow trout was purified about 160 fold in order to study the properties of this enzyme. The purified enzyme was free from the phosphomonoesterases and the phosphodiesterase while only a little alkaline DNase activity was observed. The optimum pH for the enzyme activity was approximately 8.5 in the Tris-HCl buffer. The enzyme was inactivated irreversibly under Ca++ free conditions. Mg++, Ba++, K+ and Na+ did not show any effects on the enzyme activity at 4mM concentration, whereas Co++, Cd++ and Hg++ inhibited remarkably at the same concentration. The enzyme digested RNA completely to the acid soluble fraction. In the digestion products of the RNA, four kinds of mononucleotides, i.e. CMP, UMP, AMP and GMP, were found. In the digestion test using homopolynucleotide as the substrate, the enzyme hydrolyzed the polynucleotide forming the 2':3' cyclic nucleotide. It was confirmed from these specificities that, among the various RNA-depolymerases, this enzyme can be classified as an RNase (EC. 2.7.7.17).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (546K) -
松野 隆男, 勝山 政明, 岩崎 修久, 石原 ゆき子1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 409-412
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCarotenoid pigments from the skin and fin of pond smelt, Hypomesus transpacificus, were investigated. The principal carotenoid pigment was not leutein, until now believed to be characteristic of freshwater fishes, but zeaxanthin (49.2%). Relatively high concentrations of cryptoxanthin (21.2%) were also found.
In addition, β-carotene (7.6), diatoxanthin (5.1), and cynthiaxanthin (9.2) were present in small amounts.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (189K) -
餌料の基本組成弟子 丸修, 黒木 克宣1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 413-419
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe nutritional requirements of prawn, Penaeus japonicus, are not sufficiently made clear yet.
In order to clarify the basal composition of diet for prawn, fourteen test diets containing various amounts of protein, fat, carbohydrate and mineral were prepared with purified ingredients and feeding experiments were made with each test diet.
1. The diet that contained 54% casein and 6% egg albumin as the protein source produced a favorable feed efficiency.
2. The diet containing 6% of a mixture of soy bean oil and cod liver oil (1:1) as the fat source showed a high effect on growth.
3. The mineral rich (as high as 19.5% of mineral mixture) diet resulted in the highest increment of body weight among the test diets.
4. Glycogen and dextrin used as the carbohydrate source did not seem as effective on growth as the fat diet.
Based on the above-mentioned findings, the basal composition of the diet may be considered as follows:
54% casein; 6% egg albumin; 3% soy bean oil; 3% cod liver oil; 6% glycogen; 19.5% mineral mixture; and 8.5% of other ingredients.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (409K) -
コレステロールおよびグルコサミンの好適配合量弟子丸 修, 黒木 克宣1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 421-424
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSome papers have reported that cholesterol and glucosamine show an accelerating effect on the growth of prawn, Penaeus japonicus. In order to determine the optimum contents of cholesterol and glucosamine in the diet, their effect on the growth of prawn was examined in feeding experiments. The purified diet originated by the authors was used as the basal diet.
1. In view of the fact that the prawn fed on cholesterol-fortified diets attained a remarkably high growth in comparison with the non-fortified diet, it is easily concluded that cholesterol should be compounded in the diet as an indispensable ingredient.
The best relative growth in the experiments was obtained at a concentration of 2.1% in the diet.
2. Glucosamine hydrochloride was used as a glucosamine source in the diets. The addition of glucosamine to the diet did not promote growth of the prawn, and this was especially clear in cases without cholesterol. It can be concluded that glucosamine is by no means an essential material to be compounded in the prawn diet.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (214K) -
スケソウ卵でのDMNA生成におよぼすヘモグロビンおよびアスコルビン酸塩の影響戸沢 晴巳, 佐藤 理子1974 年 40 巻 4 号 p. 425-430
発行日: 1974/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWith regard to the formation of carcinogenic dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA) in a salted Alaska pollock roe, the effects of the co-existing substances, especially hemoglobin (Hb) and ascorbate, on the formation of DMNA by the reaction between dimethylamine (DMA) and nitrite were investigated.
Apparently, the blood and Hb of carp revealed an accelerative effect on the formation of DMNA when they were added to Alaska pollock roe or to minced halibut flesh together with DMA and nitrite.
The addition of ascorbate to Alaska pollock roe or to halibut flesh, both containing DMA, nitrite and Hb, resulted in a considerable decrease of the amount of DMNA being formed. However, in the flesh sample without Hb, ascorbate caused no change in DMNA production.
The authors concluded that the “inhibitive activity” of ascorbate mentioned above might be regarded as the inhibition of the “accelerative activity” exhibited by Hb, rather than of the reaction between DMA and nitrite.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (356K)
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