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Volume 41, Issue 9
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Mikoio OGURI1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 915-921
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTesticular structures were detected in the ovaries of two specimens of the “cobal” rainbow trout, obtained at the Shiga Prefectural Samegai Trout Experimental Station on July 25, 1973. In the ovary of one specimen (fish No. 3), the testicular cysts were occasionally detectable, and the cysts were filled with spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids. Furthermore, in some cysts oocytes were intermingled with male germ cells in various spermatogenic stages. In the other specimen (fish No. 4), testicular structure was detected also, but only in one limited region of a histological preparation of the ovary. In all the three “cobalt” examined, ovarian germ layers were conspicuously hypertrophied and com-posed of many gonial germ cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (2492K) -
Hiroshi NIWA, Tamotsu TAMURA, Isao HANYU1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 923-927
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe spectral sensitivity curves have been obtained by means of the L-response of S-potential for the skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), and for the frigate mackerel (Auxis thazard). The sensitivity curve is always maximal at 497 nm and, in addition, differed little from the Dartnall's nomogram curve with its λmas at the same position. That this curve might reflect the activity of the one photoreceptor, presumably the cone, in spite of the close agreement with the absorption spectrum of the rod pigment, rhodopsin is dis-cussed in the paper.
The results are also explained in terms of light adaptation to the environment where light of shorter wavelengths prevails.View full abstractDownload PDF (262K) -
Histological StructureKazuma YOSHIKOSHI1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 929-935
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was carried out to elucidate the structure of the alimentary canal of Tigriopus japonicus with special attention directed to the cellular constitution of the mid-gut epithelium. The fore-gut is a rather elongated narrow chitinized tube. The gut has two sets of striated muscles: a circular set participating in constriction and another set participating in dilation. The whole of the mid-gut, wide and sac-like in the anterior region of the body and cylindrical in the posterior region, is lined by a single layer of epithelium devoid of chitinous covering. Two separate glandularepithelia were seen in the mid-gut, and the secretory mechanism of the glandular epithelial cells is discussed. Interspersed among the ordinary mid-gut epithelial cells, darkly stained, slender cells were always visible inevery individual and the biological significance of the cells is considered to be a morphological picture of spontaneous senile decay of the mid-gut epithelial cells. The mid-gut has circular striated muscles arranged in bands and longitudinal non-striated muscles, The hind-gut is a weakly chitinized short tube occupying the level of the last two abdominal segments in the female. The gut has densely arranged circular striated muscles and strong striated muscles participating in dilation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1534K) -
Verification of Spawning Cycle and Growth by Tagging ExperimentsYasuo SASAKAWA1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 937-940
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn observations as carried out in August and September, on recaptured females of the blue king crab, Paralithodes platypus, released with a suture tag that remains after moulting, and the leg tag which is lost when moulting, the following results were obtained as to the spawning cycle and the growth of the mature female.
Female crabs do not moult and spawn in August and September. Mature females in virgin stage and the stage of no carrying eggs moult and spawn in the first year of liberation. They, when in the stage of carrying eggs, do not spawn after the carried eggs hatch out in the first year of liberation but moult and spawn in the second year, which verify spawning as taking place in every other year. Therefore mature females are composed of more than four age groups which moult and spawn more than twice.
The increase in size by one moult per two years is 5-10mm in carapace width and 4-10mm in carapace length.View full abstractDownload PDF (237K) -
Ovarian Weight, Garried Egg Number and DiameterYasuo SASAKAWA1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 941-944
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present paper deals with the ovarian weight, the carried egg number and diameter of the blue king crab, Paralithodes platypus. The specimens used in the present study were collected from catches of the Japanese blue king crab fishery in the western Bering Sea, during mid August to mid September 1965.
The ovarian weights of immature crabs are under 10g. The ovaries, however, develop fast and mature about the time the carapace width is wider than 97-98mm, which is the minimum size of mature females. The ovarian weights of mature females are 40-110g in the virgin stage, 15-60g in the stage of carrying eggs and 60-140g at the stage when no eggs are carried.
The number of eggs carried increases 3×104 to 16×104 according to the growth of crab and averages toabout 12×104.
The long axis of carried eggs are 1.03-1.33mm and 1.18mm on the average. The short axis of them are 0.85-1.09mm and 0.98mm on the average.View full abstractDownload PDF (103K) -
Spectral Analyses of Interaction between Two Individuals of Fish in LocomotionWataru SAKAMOTO, Ichiro AOKI, Tosiro KUROKI1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 945-952
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method for the analysis of fish behavior applicable to laboratory study is presented. Power- and bi-spectral analyses of fluctuation of separation distances between two indi-viduals of fish have been carried out to find the deterministic force to control their distance in visual recongnition. Two pairs of Gnathopogon elongates elongates were used. The maximum period from approach to next approach was about 100 seconds, which was seemed to change according to the size of the water tank. Bi-spectra showed that this periodic component interfered widely to the other shorter periods.View full abstractDownload PDF (326K) -
Hideaki MIYAMOTO, Kazumasa YOZA1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 953-956
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA number of sand-bags are required for fixing a setnet. Therefore, for the stable operation of the setnet fisheries some consideration has to be given in selecting appropriate fixing ropes for the net. This study has been carried out to determine the most reasonable strength of ropes for fixing the net.
The following was clarified: The most favourable relationship between weight of sand-bag and tensile strength of fixing ropes might be given by the ratio 2:1 when wire ropes are used as the fixing rope, and 1:1 or 1.5:1, depending upon the different sea bottom conditions, when synthetic ropes are used as fixing ropes for the setnet in sandy sea bottoms.View full abstractDownload PDF (263K) -
Analysis of Bacterial Flora by Use of a ChemostatYuzaburo ISHIDA, Hajime KADOTA1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 957-960
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was found by the use of a chemostat that the composition of bacterial populations in natural sea water is dependent on the concentration of dissolved organic substances. When the chemostat was charged with filter-sterilized polluted sea water which contained organic substances in high concentration, bacteria belonging to the genus Acinetobacter were predominant. However, when it was charged with clean sea water containing organic substances in low concentration the genus Vibrio became predominant. These results may, at least partly, explain the reason why Acinetobacter is the dominant genus in polluted sea water in Osaka Bay.1)View full abstractDownload PDF (205K) -
Growth Kinetics of the Bacterial Populations Showing Different Responses to Dissolved Organic SubstancesYuzaburo ISHIDA, Hajime KADOTA1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 961-964
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy the use of a chemostat the growth kinetics of two different bacterial populations which showed different responses to dissolved organic substances in the natural sea water was studied. The kinetics constants for the growth of Z1-bacteria, grown on a nutrient-rich medium, were: Ks=3.0mgC/l and βm=0.19h-1, and those for the growth of Z/20-bacteria, grown on nutrient-poor medium, were: Ks=1.2mgC/l and βm=0.15-1. Based on these data the relationship between the structure of bacterial community in the sea and the concentration of organic substances in sea water is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (198K) -
Effects of Mammalian Insulin on the Carbohydrate Metabolism of the EelYasuo INUI, Motoyoshi YOKOTE1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 965-972
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of pork insulin injection on eel carbohydrate metabolism were studied. A single injection of 5IU/kg of insulin produced an immediate and pronounced hypoglycemia. Blood glucose returned to a near normal level around 15 hr after the injection, but decreased slightly again thereafter. Single or repeated injections of insulin at a dose of 5IU/kg/22 hr produced a pronounced hypoglycemia and a marked decrease of plasma amino nitrogen and liver glycogen. Neither single nor repeated injections of insulin produced any significant changes in the amounts of muscle glycogen and liver fat or in the activities of liver GOT, liver GPT, liver FDP, and liver PFK.
From these results, insulin seems to accelerate the movement of amino acids from plasma to peripheral tissue space, resulting in the suppression of amino acid gluconeo-genesis in the liver of eels.View full abstractDownload PDF (315K) -
Gluconeogenesis in the Hydrocortisone-Administered EelYasuo INUI, Motoyoshi YOKOTE1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 973-981
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGluconeogenesis of the hydrocortisone-administered eel was studied. Hydrocortisone administration produced a marked hyperglycemia. The liver of the treated eel showed an increase in weight with a concomitant increase in the amount of liver glycogen and in the activities of liver GOT, liver FDP, and liver PFK. Muscle glycogen also increased slightly. However, hydrocortisone produced no appreciable change in plasma amino nitrogen level or in liver GPT activity. Histologically, islet B cells of the hydrocortisone-treated eel exhibited a slight degranulation and some accumulation of glycogen.
These results clearly show that hydrocortisone activates gluconeogenesis in the eel. However, the effect of the hormone on amino acid mobilization seems to be small.View full abstractDownload PDF (563K) -
Takeshi TAGUCHI1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 983-986
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the internal corrosion mechanism in food cans, the effect of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) on the liberation of tin from tinplate was examined. In the range of pH 2.8-8.0, tin liberation by TMAO was maximum around pH 4, at which there was also marked decomposition of TMAO. Around that pH, the amount of tin liberated was proportional to that of TMAO added. Tin liberation by TMAO increased both at higher temperatures and with the lapse of time at 37°C. Generally, the amount of tin liberated almost paralleled that of TMAO decomposed. Both tin liberation and TMAO decompo-sition were to a certain extent depressed by phytic acid and inositol. From these results, it was concluded that tin liberation from tinplate cans is caused by TMAO.View full abstractDownload PDF (197K) -
Morihiko SAKAGUCHI, Akira KAWAI1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 987-991
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of nitrate on induced formation of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMO) reductase as well as on cell growth were examined in Escherichia coll. The addition of nitrate to a culture caused significant inhibition of the reductase formation in cells. Growth of cells was promoted by nitrate to the same extent as by TMO.
It was suggested that the combination of TMO as an inducer with cell enzyme induction systems obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The inhibition of the enzyme formation by nitrate was proved to be non-competitive in nature. The inhibitor added to assay mixtures, however, did not affect at all the activity of the induced enzyme itself.View full abstractDownload PDF (264K) -
Kishio HATAI, Syuzo EGUSA1975 Volume 41 Issue 9 Pages 993
Published: September 25, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (717K)
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