巻号一覧
42 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
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温度変化とノリ芽の初期生長および形態について山内 幸児1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 387-394
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present work was carried out to know about the effect of temperature changes on the early development of laver sporelings. The sporelings (23-33μ in length) of Porphyra tenera KJELLM. var. tamatsuensis MIURA germinated on artificial fiber were allowed to grow at a temperature rise of from 5 to 30°C, changing to a 5°C range of rise or fall each 5 and 2 days, for 20 days. The other conditions for culture and methods were kept the same as the previous report. The results observed are summarized as follows;
1) At the temperature change between 30 and 25°C, abnormality of shapes and cell of sporelings make rapid progress, and also the growth is inhibited.
2) The sporelings show conspicuously abnormal shapes and produce unusually many monospores at the temperature change between 25 and 20°C, which is regarded as a factor for growth inhibition.
3) At the rapid temperature change between 20 and 15°C, or 15 and 10°C, slight abnormal shapes of sporelings appear at an early stage of the growth or a certain growth stage.
4) At the decline of the temperature as 25-20-15-10°C, the growth is very fast. Many of sporelings showed abnormal shapes at 25 and 20°C, but the number of abnormal sporelings decreased and the degree of abnormal shapes became lighter as the temperature fell.
5) At the temperature changes below 10°C, the degree of abnormal shapes was very slight.
6) From these results, the temperature changes are regarded as one of the factors causing abnormal sporelings, although not regarded as a major factor for growth inhibition.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (516K) -
新種P. microrchisを含む3種の単生目吸虫の形態・分類について小川 和夫, 江草 周三1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 395-404
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThree species of dactylogyrids were found on the gills of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla which were cultured in eel farm ponds in Japan. They were all classified into the genus Pseudodactylogyrus GUSSEV, 1965, and were identified as P. microrchis n. sp., P. anguillae and P. bini. P. microrchis closely resembles P. anguillae, but definitely differs in the size of the testis and the prostatic reservoir from that of P. anguillae, where these organs of the former are much smaller than those of the latter. In addition, the length of anchor, the bar and the cirrus accessory of P. microrchis are significantly shorter than the those of P. anguillae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (561K) -
陳 幸臣, 呉 全耀, 林 雪幸, 鍾 忠勇1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 405-410
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe decimal reduction time and the thermal death time of E. coli Type I in eel bouillion were studied. And the effects of microwave and open flame heating on microbial inactivation and weight loss of eel fillet were compared. The thermal death time regression curve of E. coli in eel bouillion was found to have a Z value =5.1°C. The values read from this curve were accurate over 90% confidence. The lethal effect of microorganisms in eel fillets treated by open flame was higher than that of microwaves at 2450 MHZ if the results were evaluated under equal weight losses. The weight loss of flame-heated fillet was 0.43% for every degree (°C) increase in temperature within the range from 50°C to 80°C. And for microwave-heated fillet was 0.44% between 42°C and 87°C. The combination of heating for 2 min over flame and followed by 15 seconds in microwaves had almost the same effect in weight loss and microbial counts as that heated for 5 min by flame alone.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (278K) -
橋本 康平, 滝波 弘一1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 411-419
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPlistophora anguillarum is a microsporidian parasite inhabiting the muscular tissues of the eel, Anguilla japonica. The spores of the parasite for electron microscope study were collected from the diseased eels obtained at the Hamanako Branch of the Shizuoka Pref. Fish. Exptl. St.
The polar filament in the spore attaches its basal part to the polar cap at the anterior end of the spore, and runs through the polaroplast, then coils spirally at the middle to the posterior portion to make 44 coils. The tubular polar filament has 5 layers. Many radial ridges are seen in the transverse section of the filament. It seems that the ridges coil spirally along the inner surface of the outer layer of the filament, as observed from the figures of the oblique section.
As generally observed the polaroplast appeared laminated. Sporoplasm was not distinguished clearly.
Spore shell consists of the outer electron dense laver (0.01-0.02μ thick) and the inner electron transparent layer (0.12-0.26μ thick).
The surface of the spore has scarcely any special structure as seen by the scanning electron microscopy. Though 1 or 2 big hollows were seen in the surface of spores these may probably be artifacts.
The spore does not change its external shape by the extrusion of the polar filament.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2757K) -
多部田 修, 谷本 勉, 高井 徹, 松井 魁, 今村 知弘1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 421-426
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSome 5400 specimens of anguillid elvers and youngs collected in 1970-1974 from the Cagayan Estuary of Luzon Island, the Philippines, and the neighbouring eel ponds were studied, especially on species composition and their seasonal occurrence. The results obtained are as follows:
1) The elvers and youngs, based on sectional counts of vertebrae, were identified as Anguilla celebesensis, A. marmorata, A. japonica and A. bicolor pacifica.
2) Besides sectional counts of the vertebrae, the caudal cutaneous pigmentation was found to be useful for specific identification of the Philippine eels in the early elver stage.
3) The elvers occurred in the Estuary during most of the year, and were most abundant in March and August.
4) A. marmorata, one of the dominant elvers, was found mainly in the first half of the year, with a peak in March, while A. celebesensis, another dominant elver, was seen during most of the year, attaining its peak in August.
5) A. bicolor pacifica and A. japonica, the minor species in the present observation, appeared mainly in October to February, and January and February, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (949K) -
魚群組成の特徴,および魚群の分布海況との関係について高橋 豊美1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 427-436
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous paper, the size and age composition of the shoals and several biological characteristics of the herring, Clupea pallasi, in the northern part of the Okhotsk Sea in the summer of 1971 were reported. In the present study, the author attempted to clarify the features of the age composition of the shoals and the relationship between their distribution and hydrographic conditions on the surface layer.
Fish samples and data of oceanographic observation were obtained by the research vessel“Oyashio Maru”in the northern part of the Okhotsk Sea in the summers of 1971-1973.
The surface gill nets usded were composed of nets of various mesh sizes 30, 35, 42, 48, 55, 63, 72, 82mm, and others, and the results of the analysis of these mesh selection curves suggested that these nets can relatively capture herrings non-selec-tively.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1) The shoals were separated into 3 groups according to the type of their age composition; Shoal A was composed of fish older than 4 years old (3+), Shoal B was mainly composed of 2-3 year-old fish, and Shoal C was mainly composed of 4 year-old fish.
2) Shoal B was distributed in comparative warm waters (12-14°C), where the temperature and salinity gradient were small.
3) Shoal C was observed in only remarkably low salinity areas (27.1-31.2‰), where the discharges of rivers could have some influence.
4) There is a possibility that the extension of the low salinity waters helped to define the distribution of Shoal A.
5) It is deduced that each shoal generally separates from one another geographi-cally due to the distribution of Shoal B and Shoal C in connection with peculiar water masses, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (618K) -
源式網の運動松田 皎, 増田 親1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 437-448
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to explain the mechanical characters of motion of the Gensiki-ami, a kind of bottom drift net for catching shrimps, field experiments with underwater observations by divers were carried out in Mikawa Bay in the summer of 1974. From results of the experiments and dimensional analysis an experimental formula for relative speed of the gear V was derived, namely:
V=U-v;=0.8μW|√ lkB
where U is the speed of the tidal current, v drifting speed of the gear, μ frictional coefficient of sinker side against sea bed, W apparent weight of sinker side in water, l depth of the gear, k drag coefficient of web, and B buoyancy of the float side. It was found that on a uniform bottom material the relative speed of gear is kept constant irrespective of the speed of the tidal current as far as the gear drifts. On the problem that the gear shortens horizontally when drifting, it was explained theoretically that the relative speed is unchanged by shortening of the gear.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1420K) -
試料の調整と抗腫瘍活性奥谷 康一1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 449-453
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe internal shell of squid was extracted with hot M/100 EDTA after washings with acetone and hot water. The crude extract was obtained by dialysing the EDTA extract against water followed by freeze-drying.
The crude extract exhibited antitumor activity for mouse sarcoma-180 (ascites type). Upon intraperitoneal injection of 10mg/kg/day×5 and 50mg/kg/day×5 of this material, the growth of mouse ascites carcinoma was inhibited by 43.7 per cent and 55.1 per cent respectively.
The homogeneity of the crude extract was determined by column chromato-graphy on CPG10-170 and Sephadex G-200. The data suggested that the polysaccharide was separated from the protein and that both the polysaccharide and the protein were heterogenous.
Chemical analysis showed that the crude extract contained 6.2 per cent N, 17.2 per cent sugar, 45.3 per cent protein, and 20.5 per cent ash.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (271K) -
ハマチ幽門垂コラーゲナーゼの性質吉中 禮二, 佐藤 守, 池田 静徳1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 455-463
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA collagenolytic enzyme has been isolated from the pyloric caeca of yellow-tail, Seriola quinqueradiata, The pyloric caecum collagenase acts on native collagen fibrils and on collagen in solution. The activity is maximal at pH 8. 5. Diisopropyl fluoro-phosphate, N-tosyl-L-lysylchloromethane, soybean trypsin inhibitor, and human and yellow-tail sera inhibit this enzyme; EDTA and N-tosyl-L-phenylalanylchloromethane are less inhibitory. This enzyme is somewhat activated by cysteine while such sulfhydryl reagents as p-chloromercuribezoate, monoiodoacetate, and N-ethylmaleimide have no effect. This suggests that pyloric caecum collagenase does not require sulfhydryl groups for activity even though it is slightly activated by cysteine.
This enzyme activity, as investigated by polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis, results in a marked decrease in the original β-component and the apearance of numerous new components beneath the original α-band.
Its mode of attack on collagen and sensitivity to various inhibitors indicate that this enzyme resembles crab hepatopancreas collagenase rather than most known animal collagenases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1086K) -
シシャモおよびキュウリウオのカロテノイド成分松野 隆男, 勝山 政明, 柏崎 美和子1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 465-467
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCarotenoid pigments from the skin and fin of large-mouth smelt and Japanese smelt were investigated.
The main pigment in these fishes was zeaxanthin.
In addition to zeaxanthin, β-carotene, cryptoxanthin, lutein, diatoxanthin, cynthi-axanthin, triol, tetraol (β-carotene type) and astacene were found in small amounts.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (175K) -
笹島 正秋, 柴 真, 荒井 君枝, 横関 源延1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 469-477
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGrowth of various types of botulinal spores which were heat treated at various temperatures and inoculated into cooked meat broth containing various concentra-tions of glycine was studied. The toxin produced by spores of Clostridium botulinum type A in casing Kamaboko containing various concentrations of glycine was also scrutinized.
1) The growth of botulinal spores of types A, B, E and F after heat treatment varied with type and spore concentration.
2) The inhibitory effect of glycine on the growth varied depending on the tem-perature of the heat treatment and type and concentration of spores.
3)The survival rates of the various spore types after heat treatment were highest in type A followed by type B, but the relation between survival rate and spore concentration was indistinct.
4) The addition of glycine to casing Kamaboko inoculated with spores of C. botulinum type A strain 190 and stored at 30°C for 4 weeks appeared to effectively retard toxin production when the spore content was less than 102/g Kamaboko. Generally, putrefaction of Kamaboko seems to precede the detection of botulinal toxin.
5) In conclusion, it is necessary to store casing Kamaboko at low temperature, as indicated in the new notification issued by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan, when casing Kamaboko is boiled under atmospheric pressure without highly effective fungicide like furylfuramide and stored for a long period.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (565K) -
脂肪酸組成率に対する季節,体長および脂質含量の影響上田 正1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 479-484
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (340K) -
脂肪酸組成率に対する脂質含量の影響上田 正1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 485-489
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper dealt with the quadratic and linear regressions of compositional percentage of fatty acids on lipid content in the mackerel, Scomber japonicus, and the multiple linear regression of the fatty acid content on the season, body length and lipid content. The polar lipid differed from nonpolar and total lipids in the pattern of change in compositional percentage of the fatty caids with increase in lipid content.
In nonpolar and total lipids, the contents of all the fatty acids increased in accordance with increase in lipid content. The content of 16:0 acid in nonpolar lipid showed a larger proportional increase while those of 18:0, 20:3 and 22:6 acids in both nonpolar and total lipids showed increases smaller than the increase in lipid content. When the change in compositional percentage was related to the increase in lipid content, this resulted in an increase in 16:0 acid but decreases in the others.
In polar lipid, the contents of 22:6 and 20:3 acids decreased with increase in lipid content while those of other acids showed neither increase nor decrease. This resulted in a decrease in 22:6 acid and compensating increase in 16:0, 18:1 and 20:1 acids with incrase in lipid content when compositional percentage changes were related to increase in lipid content.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (295K) -
河内 正通1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 491-496
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA fatty acid which had been tentatively identified as an isomeric eicosadienoic acid in previous papers, was separated in considerably high purity from the lipid of sea urchin, Anthocidaris crassispina, by using a variety of analytical techniques.
The mixed methyl esters of fatty acids from sea-urchin lipid were subjected to wintering, fractional vacuum distillation, and urea fractionation. A fraction rich in the isomer was thus obtained. The fraction was purified further by argentation column chromatography, TLC on silica gel impregnated with n-undecane, silicic acid column chromatography and silica gel TLC. Two isomers of comparatively high purity were obtained after the final process, their purities, expressed as percentages according to GLC peak areas, being 97. 8% and 98. 4%, respectively.
In addition to the results of GLC analysis, both chain length analysis and hydro-gen uptake measurement carried out with one of the final products gave evidence confirming that the isomer is eicosadienoic acid itself.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (334K) -
小泉 千秋, 和田 俊, 野中 順三九1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 497-505
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe catalytic function of fish muscle extract in linoleate oxidation was examined and compared with those of metmyoglobin (metMb) and FeSO4 as catalyst. The muscle extracts of the four species of fishes examined, namely, big-eye tuna, yellowfin tuna, yellowtail, and sablefish, catalyzed the oxidation of linoleate, those of big-eye tuna and yellowfin tuna being more strongly catalytic than those of yellowtail and sablefish. The oxidation catalyzed by the muscle extract of big-eye tuna was enhanced by ascorbic acid and by cysteine but inhibited by EDTA, a catalytic feature resembling that of FeSO4. However, it could not be deduced that the non-heme iron is the main catalyst in the oxidation induced by the muscle extract since the oxidation catalyzed by the mixture of metMb and bovine serum albumin, which was developed by us as a model system suitable for hemoprotein catalysis, was also inhibited by EDTA. On the contrary, the results obtained with imidazole clearly indicated that the catalytic function of the muscle extract is due in large part to the presence of hemoprotein rather than non-heme iron; imidazole inhibited the oxidation catalyzed by both the muscle extract and metMb but did not influence that catalyzed by FeOS4.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (438K) -
ハプトグロビンとヘモグロビンの結合挙動(1)児玉 正昭, 松浦 文雄, 橋本 周久1976 年 42 巻 4 号 p. 507-515
発行日: 1976/04/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe binding behavior of eel haptoglobin (Hp) with hemoglobins (Hb's) from the eel and some other sources was examined. Eel Hp combined stoichiometrically with com-ponent F, but hardly at all with component S of eel Hb. The amount of component F bound by eel Hp seemed to depend on the aging of the former: i. e., the Hp combined equimolarly with the freshly prepared component F, but combined more than 4 moles per mole with the aged one. Eel Hp did not combine stoichiometrically with the Hb's of several other fishes such as carp, skipjack, loach, etc. However, the binding of this Hp with rabbit and dolphin Hb's was stoichiometric and equimolar. On the other hand, rabbit Hp did not combine stoichiometrically with any of the fish Hb's.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (426K)
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