巻号一覧
42 巻, 7 号
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袋網の挙動について増田 親, 松田 皎1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 731-737
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーField experiments of a bottom drift-net, “Gensiki-ami”, which aims mainly at “kuruma ebi” (Penaeus japonicus), were made with a 1/2 scale net and the full scale net. The physical observations and records by underwater photography resulted in a classification of the shape of the bag behaviour near the sea bed into five types. Fishing efficiency for each type and causes of shaping are considered in this paper.
In order to overcome the operational troubles of reversals of the bag-net, a polyethylene bag-net was newly made and a series of comparative experiments with a nylon net currently used by fishermen was carried out. The results revealed that specific gravity and flexibility of polyethylene fibres was more pronounced than the effect of relative speed. Thus, the polyethylene net behaves much better than the nylon net.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1410K) -
網糸の太さと網目の大きさ余座 和征, 宮本 秀明, 酒井 久則1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 739-742
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of the leader of a setnet is to stop fish and change the direction of their movement towards the trap.
Let d denote the diameter of twine of a leader and l the mesh size, then the values d/l were calculated for various kinds of setnets separately, and the results obtained was 0.01<d/l<0.02.
Though fish encountering the leader in rare cases try to pass through the net, even when the mesh size makes it possible, the mesh size of leader will differ depending on different features of fish behavior. The mesh size of a leader was compared with the mesh size of the gillnet l0 for catching the same species, i. e.
l=cl0
Where c is a factor varying according to fish species, and the values c obtained for were as follows; for sardine 17.8, mackerel 12.7, yellowtail 2.3, salmon 1.3 and so on.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (193K) -
エフィラおよびメテフィラの垂直分布安田 徹1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 743-752
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper deals with the first observations made of the vertical distribution of the ephyra and metephyra stages of Aurelia aurita in the field.
During the period from December 1971 to June 1972, simultaneous horizontal hauls of four plankton-nets (51cm in mouth diameter and 0.33mm in mesh size) at the sea surface, 3, 7, and 15 meters deep were made for 15 minutes at the three stations designated at the mouth of Urazoko Bay, Fukui Prefecture.
The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1) Although ephyrae and metephyrae were found as deep as 15 meters below the surface, they were mainly distributed in the upper layers above 3 meters deep at St. 1, at the middle or bottom layers below 7 meters deep at Sts. 2, 3 in February, at the middle layer in Sts. 1, 3, and at the bottom layer at St. 2 in April 1972, respectively. However, they were most abundantly captured from surface or middle layers during the other months (March, May and June in 1972).
2) A close correlation was confirmed between the vertical distribution of larvae and the underwater illumination as observed previously in the medusa.
3) With the metamorphosis proceeding from ephyra to metephyra, their vertical ranges differed slightly, probably owing to development of swimming organs.
4) The slightly different distribution patterns of larvae observed in a few in-stances at each station even at the same time and in the same month may be attributed to the distinct diel vertical migration of the larvae as in the case of the medusae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (579K) -
高木 光造, 飯田 優, 岡 重美1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 753-759
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMaterials used for the present study of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) concentrations in the muscle and liver of 21 species of marine animals were collected by trawl fishing in the East China Sea.
Analysis proved that PCB concentrations in muscle ranged between 0.01-0.06ppm, and in liver between 0.08-0.28ppm. PCB concentrations in bloody muscle were found to be higher than in ordinary muscle. Kanechlor-600 (KC-600) was absent from muscle, but distinctly present in liver of all marine animals tested except Fugu chinensis.
The distribution of PCB concentrations in muscle of these marine animals was plotted on logarithmic probability section paper. The median and standard deviation of the PCB concentration of the marine animals in this area showed 0.018ppm and 0.250, respectively.
Consequently, the degree of pollution with PCB of marine animals in the East China Sea was found to be very low as compared with that of fish in other areas.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (348K) -
トビウオ,イダテントビウオ, サンマ,ヒメダカ,ハリヨ,トミヨについて松野 隆男, 勝山 政明1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 761-763
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe carotenoid pigments from the fin and skin of two species of flying fish, mackerel pike, killifish, three-spined stickleback and chinese eight spined stickleback belonging to the division mesichthyes were investigated.
Tunaxanthin was found in all species adn was predominant in all the species mentioned above except killifish. The carotenoids, β-carotene, α-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, diatoxanthin, cynthiaxanthin, astancene and αwere found in these fishes. This carotenoid pattern is very closely similar to that reported by the authors in the study of nineteen species of fishes belonging to the division percichthyes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (154K) -
ニシン目に属する 9 魚種について松野 隆男, 勝山 政明1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 765-768
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe carotenoid pigments form the fin and skin of nine species of fishes in the order clupeida were incestigated. They have similar carotenoid patterns, consisting of β-carotene, α-cryptoxanthin, tunaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, diatoxanthin, cynthiaxantin, astaxanthin, doradexanthin, and triol (β-carotene type).
These nine species of fishes in the order clupeida are divided into two groups, that which contains tunaxanthin and that which does not.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (216K) -
高橋 玄夫, 山田 実1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 769-776
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe lipid compositions of five marine species and two fresh water species of crustacean plankton were investigated by column chromatography, and the fatty acid and fatty alcohol compositions were determined by gas-liquid chromatography.
1) In the marine crustacean plankton with relatively low lipid contents, the lipids contained low percentages of wax ester. On the other hand, in those having relatively high lipid contents, the lipids contained high percentages of wax ester. The percentage of wax ester was highest in Calanus while none was found in the fresh-water crustacean plankton lipids.
2) Wax esters had various types of fatty acid compositions: saturated acids accompanied by polyenoic or monoenoic acid; monoenoic acid; or monoenoic acid accompanied by high parcentages of saturated acid.
3) Although the fatty acid compositions of triglycerides did not correspond to those of wax esters, saturated and monoenoic acids were abundant in the large species.
4) In the free fatty acid fractions, polyenoic acid contents were high in all except two species, while, in the phospholipid fractions, they were low in all except one species.
5) The high alcohol moieties of wax esters consisted mainly of 20:1 and 22:1 alcohols, accompanied by lower percentages of 16:0, 16:1 and 18:1 alcohols.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (454K) -
中村 孝, 豊水 正道, 佐々木 敬郎1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 777-782
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe dimer produced by the autoxidation of methyl linolenate at 40°C for 75hr consists of an unstable one (58%) which readily reacts with lysine and a stable one (42%). One mole of the unstable dimer, C34.8H56.6O11.3, MW 657, contains 0.77 mole of carbonyl, 1.43 moles of hydroperoxide and 1.98 moles of ester. More than 70% of the cross linkages in the unstable dimer were due to -C-O-O-C-, the rest being due to -C-C or -C-O-C-.
Upon discoloration of the unstable dimer with lysine at 45°C for 1.5hr in MeOHwater (2:1, v/v), 37% of the unstable dimer yielded a lipophilic discolored substance (C54.2H90.1N3.1O15.9, MW 1040), 29% gave a hydrophilic discolored substance and 34%, a lipophilic monomer, a part of which was reactive with lysine. Moreover, the mean molecular weight of the lipophilic discolored substance corresponded to that of the trimer.
These facts suggest that the unstable dimer and the active monomer may react with lysine, polymerizing with themselves or each other to produce the discolored substances.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (317K) -
粘度の変化ハスネイン アブサール・ル・, 田村 裕子, 新井 健一1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 783-791
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーViscometric data obtained after tryptic digestion of actomyosin and myosin from several fish species, when plotted as the logarithm of Zη' (viscosity number) reveals that the hydrolysis proceeds through two distinct first order reactions in all of the fish species.
The initial values for viscosity numbers of different preparations may show minor variations, but a perfect fit is obtained by plotting subsequent changes as the logarithm of relative values assuming the initial value as one.
A comparison of the rate constants of decline in viscosity (K') shows that rabbit and tilapia actomyosins and myosins are almost equally susceptible to trypsin. Approximate rate constants were also obtained for carp, skipjack and yellowfin tuna actomyosins, whereas bigeye tuna proteins showed higher susceptibility. Shark actomyosin was shown to be two times more susceptible than that of carp. Yellowtail, flatfish and cod myofibrillar proteins comprise the most unstable group.
There is a systematic relationship between the extent of stability shown by the actomyosin of a particular species and its myosin.
Since denatured and fresh actomyosins were digested at the same rate, the higher susceptibility of the most unstable species appears to be a function of tryptic digestion only.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (563K) -
コイにおけるカルシウムおよび燐の要求について荻野 珍吉, 武田 博1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 793-799
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCarp were fed on diets containing different levels of calcium and phosphorus. The rearing water contained 20ppm calcium and 0.002ppm phosphorus. The growth rate correlated positively with dietary phosphorus levels but not with calcium levels. Feeding with a low-phosphorus diet resulted in reduced growth, low feed efficiency and deformity of the head. Dietary phosphorus levels affected greatly the ash, calcium and phosphorus contents of the vertebrae. Radiography of the fish receiving a low-phosphorus diet showed an insufficient development of the bones. The available phosphorus level in a diet producing the maximal growth was found to be 0.6 to 0.7%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1667K) -
田中 淑人, 片山 輝久1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 801-805
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA new aromatic keto-carotenoid was isolated from orange sea sponge, Clathria frondifera (Bowerbank), which was shown to be a 3-hydroxy-4-keto-2, 3-didehydro-β, χ-carotene. The name clathriacine is proposed for the aromatic keto-carotenoid and clathriaxanthin for the esterified carotenoid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1183K) -
田中 淑人, 片山 輝久1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 807-812
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe carotenoids in starfish have been separated by absorption chromatography and further characterized by their absorption spectra, behavior on the column and co-chromatography with authentic samples.
The structure of 7, 8-didehydroastaxanthin was confirmed by mass and infra-red spectra.
The existence of β-carotene, echinenone, lutein, zeaxanthin and 7, 8-didehydroastaxanthin was confirmed in Yatsudehitode, Coscinastrias acutispina, Ooakahitode, Leiaster leachi, and Hitode, Asterias amurensis.
Besides those carotenoids, α-cryptoxanthin, canthaxanthin, dihydroxypiradixanthin, astaxanthin, diatoxanthin and 7.8, 7'.8'-tetradehydroastaxanthin were found in Onihitode, Acanthaster planci. Possible biosynthetic pathways from -carotene to astaxanthin, from diatoxanthin to 7, 8-didehydroastaxanthin, from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin and from alloxanthin to 7.8, 7'.8'-tetradehydroastaxanthin are proposed in Onihitode.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1129K) -
手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 813-818
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study deals with the biosynthesis of sterols from mevalonate in a starfish, Coscinasterias acutispina. After injection of mevalonate-2-14C, the metabolites were investigated by using thin-layer, column, and gas-liquid chromatographic techniques. The detailed investigation of radioactive desmethylsterols showed that radioactivity was mainly associated with cholest-7-enol. However, there was no evidence for the incorporation of mevalonate-2-14C into C26-, C28-, and C29-sterols besides cholestanol and cholesterol. The results indicated that the starfish, C. acutispina, is capable of synthesizing at least cholest-7-enol from mevalonate via probably squalene and lanosterol etc. but not sterols other than C27-sterols. Also, it was suggested that the conversion of cholest-7-enol to cholesterol may not proceed in this starfish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (343K) -
関口 秀夫1976 年 42 巻 7 号 p. 819
発行日: 1976/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (81K)
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