巻号一覧
43 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
小栗 幹郎1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 781-784
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHistochemical examinations on the interregnal glands of Chimaera monstrosa and Hydrolagus colliei revealed that the interregnal cells of holocephalian fish were abundant in lipid droplets and cholesterol, as known in those cells of elasmobranch fish, another subclass of Chondrichthyes. Accordingly, it was concluded that chondrichthyean interregnal cells had the same histochemical characteristics as the adrenocortical cells of mammals and the interregnal cells of nonmammalian tetrapods.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (412K) -
村井 武四, James W. ANDREWS1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 785-794
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA series of studies on vitamin K relationships in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus failed to demonstrate a requirement for vitamin K. A purified diet, which produced prolonged prothrombin time in chickens within two weeks, did not produce deficiency symptoms when fed to catfish for 30 weeks (over 2800% gain). Supplements of menadion sodium bisulfite, menadion dimethylpyrimidinol bisulfite, sulfaguanidine of sulfasuxidine did not have effects on growth rates, prothrombin times, hemoglobin or hematocrit levels. The feeding or injecting of dicumarol into catfish, which had been fed for 24 weeks the vitamin K deficient diet with sulfaguanidine, did not result in prolonged prothrombin times.
The feeding of pivalyl resulted in prolonged prothrombin times which were not prevented by high levels of vitamin K. These results suggested that catfish have an extremely low (if any) requirement for vitamin K and raised the possibility that blood clotting mechanisms of catfish may be different from mammals or birds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (630K) -
木村 郁夫, 室塚 剛志, 新井 健一1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 795-803
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous work, we prepared myosins from the frozen muscle of a few marine fish species and compared the biochemical properties of these preparations.
In this study, we investigated the chromatographic profiles and the ultracentrifugal diagrams of myosin preparations from frozen muscle of the same fish species.
1. The elution profiles obtained on DEAE Sephadex A-50 with myosins from skipjack tuna and white marline were similar to that obtained with myosin monomer from rabbit, while the profile obtained with myosin from yellowtail showed an crowded elution pattern suggesting a peak of myosin monomer overlapping with a small amount of myosin dimmer.
2. On ultracentrifugation, the sedimentation diagrams of myosins from skipjack tuna and white marline showed a hypersharp peak, characteristic of the myosin monomer from rabbit. The diagram of myosin from yellowtail, on the other hand, showed two peaks: a fast moving boundary presumably of myosin dimer, and a major slow moving one of myosin monomer.
A study was also made on the properties of myosins from the fresh muscles of skipjack tuna and yellowtail. It was found that both myosins retained the properties characteristic of myosin monomer.
It was, therefore, confirmed that yellowtail myosin is inevitably denatured during freezing and storage of fish muscle at -20°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1818K) -
西田 清義1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 805-812
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn attempt was successively made to prepare G-actin from scallop striated adductor muscle by using the original method of STRAUB.
1)Crude G-actin was extracted from the acetone dried muscle powder of scallop striated adductor muscle in the same yield as from fish dorsal and rabbit skeletal muscles. This G-actin preparation was found to be contaminated with a subunit corresponding to tropomyosin and one or two other unknown proteins on SDS-gel electrophoresis.
2) It was found that ultracentrifugation of crude F-actin in 0.6M KCl-1 mM MgCl2 at 100, 000g for 120 minutes effectively eliminates the contaminants, while the ordinary reversible polymerization performed in the presence of 0.1M KCl-1 mM MgCl2 and gel filtration were ineffective.
3) The purified G-actin retains virtually the same ability to polymerize into F-actin as fish dorsal and rabbit skeletal G-actins upon the addition of 0.1M KCl or 0.1M KCl plus 1 mM MgCl2.
4) F-actin, obtained in such a way was shown to complex with rabbit skeletal myosin by the fact that reconstituted actomyosin had the identical characteristics of natural actomyosin, that is, positive superprecipitation, high ATP-sensitivity, activation of Mg2+-ATPase activity, and stabilization of Ca2+-ATPsae activity, against heat.
5) From these results, it was concluded that the biological activities of scallop striated adductor actin are essentially the same as those of fish dorsal and rabbit skeletal actins.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1992K) -
コイ幼魚のトリグリセリドおよびコレステリルエステル組成渡辺 武, 松居 正巳, 河端 俊治, 荻野 珍吉1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 813-817
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of α-tocopherol deficiency on the compositions of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters in lipids of young carp. Feeding the α-tocopherol deficient diet resulted in reduced growth and, in muscle tissue, a high water content reflecting a lower protein content as observed in the case of carp fingerlings. In the lipids of all tissues of the tocopherol deficient group, the proportion of linoleic acid decreased. On the other hand, in general, there were no marked differences in the compositions of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters due to the tocopherol deficiency, although the percentages of C-54 and C-56 triglycerides were lower in the muscle lipids of fish fed the α-tocopherol-depleted diet and the lipid of the hepatopancreas from the deficient fish showed a lower proportion of the C-18 esters, mostly replaced by higher percentages of the C-16 and the C-20 esters.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (302K) -
コイ成魚における欠乏症および脂肪酸とトリグリセリド組成渡辺 武, 隆島 史夫1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 819-830
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAdult carp weighing about 100g were kept on an α-tocopherol deficient diet for 17 months in order to examine the influence of α-tocopherol deficiency on different tissues with special emphasis on the reproductive organs and on fatty acid and triglyceride distributions. The pattern of fatty acid changes due to the tocopherol deficiency was found to be very similar to that seen in essential fatty acid deficiency in both fish and mammals. The most marked change in fatty acid composition was the decrease of 18:2ω6 level in both triglyceride and polar lipid fractions in most of the deficient tissues. In the deficient ovaries there were decreases in 20:4ω6, 50:5ω3 and 22:6ω3 along with 18:2ω6 and increases in 18:1ω9 and 20:3ω9. The general pattern of changes in triglyceride distribution was the increase in the deficient carp of the low molecular weight triglycerides and decrease of the usually dominant C-52 to C-56 triglycerides.
The tocopherol deficiency in adult carp also revealed basically the same histological changes as those recognized in carp fingerlings. The depletion of tocopherol from the diet exerted significant effects on the pituitary-ovarian system and this clearly indicated that α-tocopherol plays an important role in reproductive physiology in carp on the same basis as in higher animals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1811K) -
松橋 鉄治郎1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 831-835
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThese experiments were performed to acquire basic data for more efficient extraction of agar from seaweeds in which it probably occurs in a state similar to that in air dried agar material. Because the use of acid during the cooking process of seaweeds is a common procedure in the agar industry, the effect of acid treatment on the properties of air dried agar samples was saudied.
Short ribbons of refined air dried agar about 1 mm in thickness were prepared from powdered agar (alkali-treated Gracilaria agar with an average Total-SO3 content of 0.96%) by the procedure of dissolution, gel formation, quick freezing at -20°C, thawing in water and drying. The properties of the refined agars were: moisture, 23.0%; gel strength, 690 or 740; melthing point of 1.5% gel, 82.8 or 84.1°C.
Fist it was found that the air dried agar was stable to acid treatment at pH 1.0 when soaked in aqueous acid solutions of varying concentrations for 15 min at 15°C. Secondly, in the treatment with 1N hydrochloric acid for 15 min, the hydrolytic decomposition of agar accelerated logarithmically was increasing temperature. Complete decomposition of agar was observed at 65°C, as evaluated from the recovered solids through the freezing and drying process.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (327K) -
ニジマス及びコイにおける代謝鈴木 明, 志村 勝, 菊池 孝彦, 関沢 泰治1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 837-847
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe major biotransformation product of 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole in rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri irideus) was isolated from water following exposure of fish to the anesthetic. The isolated crystalline metabolite was shown by means of ultraviolet, infrared and optical rotatory dispersion spectroscopy and gas chromatography to be identical to 2-amino-4-pphenylthiazole-2-N-β-mono-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid, the major biotransformation product previously found in medaka (killifish, Oryzias latipes). The major biotransformation product in carp (Cyprinus carpio) was also identified as 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole-2-N-ββ-mono-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid by molecular sieve, thin layer and gas chromatography. Conversion of 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole to the N-glucuronyl conjugate was 8 and 12%, respectively, in rainbow trout and carp as shown by thin layer chromatography of extracts from fish treated with 3H-labeled anesthetic. In addition, a minor metabolite of the anesthetic in rainbow trout was isolated as a yellowish-white crystalline powder and identified as 2-acetamido-4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-thiazole by means of ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy, NMP and mass spectrometry. Chromatography suggested that this same metabolite was also formed in carp but in concentrations to low for isolation and definitive identification.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (628K) -
成長におよぼす脂質の影響金沢 昭夫, 手島 新一, 常盤 繁1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 849-856
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of dietary lipids on the growth and fatty acid composition of the prawn, Penaeus japonicus, were examined. The survival and growth of prawn kept on soybean oil diet were extremely low. However, all diets containing Pollack residual oil were found to improve both survival and growth. The highest growth was obtained in the prawn group receiving 8% short necked clam lipid. Dietary lipids affected the fatty acid composition of prawn lipids. The diets containing either pollack residual oil of short necked clam lipid elevated 20:5ω3 and 22:6ω3 levels as compared with soybean oil diet.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (432K) -
加藤 登, 内山 均, 塚本 志朗, 新井 健一1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 857-867
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMyofibrils were prepared from the skeletal muscle of some fish species according to the original method of YANG et al. In order to eliminate the contamination-debrils of mitochondrial, sarcolemmal and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes, myofibrils were treated with a buffer solution containing 1% Triton X-100.
1) Among myofibrils prepared from the several kinds of fish, no remarkable difference was observed by phase-microscopy.
2) The biochemical properties of myofibrillar ATPase such as activation by Ca2+ as well as Mg2+, KCl concentration dependency, and pH activation were essentially the same as those of rabbit skeletal myofibrils.
3) Judging from the inhibition rate of myofibrillar ATPase by azide, quinidine and ouabain it was confirmed that the myofibril preparation in this experiment was virtually free from the membranal contamination mentioned above.
4) The rate constant for the first order reaction in the inactivation of myofibrillar Ca2+-ATPase at 35°C and pH 7.0 showed that suspensions of myofibrils in 0.1M KCl were 2-3 times more stable than those in 0.6M KCl, the stability of myofibrils in 0.6M KCl coinciding with that of actomyosin in the same salt solution.
5) Fish myofibril was proved to be useful for the investigation of fish muscle denaturation because it has a myofibrillar structure and can be prepared more easily than actomyosin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1824K) -
田宮 徹, 荒井 佐知子, 土屋 隆英, 松本 重一郎1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 869-876
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis work was undertaken to isolate the ATPase accelerating from fur seal muscle hydrolysate. Minced muscle of fur seal was digested with protease and the resulting hydrolysate was treated with ethanol. The obtained peptide mixture was divided by ultrfiltration into two fractions, Fraction A and Fraction B. The ATPase accelerating effect was found to be concentrated in Fraction B, which contained peptides of molecular weight less than 1, 000. By gel filtration on Sephadex G15, Fraction B was divided into ten fractions (G1-10), among which the accelerating effect was significantly high in fractions G6 to G10, the adsorbed fractions as estimated from the Kd values. The effect was pronounced in Fractions G9 and G10. By paper electrophoresis and ion exchange chromatography (DEAE-Sephadex A-25), Fraction G9 was found to be homogeneous.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (423K) -
土屋 隆英, 鈴木 肇, 松本 重一郎1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 877-884
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーActin was extracted and purified from squid mantle muscle. STRAUB's method was not applicable to squid muscle actin which has many characteristic properties in its solubility behavior as reported previously. The actomyosin dry powder was used as the starting material for actin extraction. Tropomyosin and paramyosin contents decreased with progressive purification by G-F transformation, though these compounds were not give satisfactory results in yield and reproducibility. The purification of squid actin was conducted using the method of SPUDICH and WATT. This preparation showed a high degree of purity and a high capacity for actin specific transformation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2706K) -
易分解性有機物量の測定石田 祐三郎, 内田 有恒, 門田 元1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 885-892
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDissolved organic matter in sea waters polluted with organic matter to various extents was fractionated by ultrafiltration. It was found that the fraction of dissolved organic matter containing substances of molecular weight less than 10, 000 was easily utilized by bacteria when the water temperature was relatively high. The amounts of organic matter degradable by bacteria in lake water were estimated in water samples by measuring the changes in organic matter concentrations attributable to the bacterial growth during in situ incubation. Even in the case of polluted environments, the ratio of the amount of dissolved organic matter utilizable by bacteria to the total amount of dissolved organic matter was not very high. It is suggested that in polluted environments the fraction of utilizable dissolved organic matter is more quickly consumed by bacteria than in unpolluted environments. On the basis of the data obtained, an equation for estimating the utilization rate (α) of dissolved organic matter by bacteria was proposed as follows:
α=X0|g•f(S0-S)|X-X0
Applying this equation, the utilization rates of dissolved organic matter by bacteria in lake water was estimated with various water samples.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (420K) -
竹内 俊郎, 渡辺 武1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 893-898
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present study was conducted to investigate whether in trout there is an increased requirement for dietary methyl linolenate as the levels in the diet are increased. Feeding a diet containing 1% linolenate with 4% laurate resulted in a good growth rate, while the same diet containing 1% linolenate with 9% or 14% laurate resulted in reduced in reduced growth. With such elevated lipid levels, morethan 2% linolenate was required for maximum growth. This result indicates that the elevated dietary laurate levels increase the requirement of rainbow trout for linolenate. On the other hand, dietary laurae levels exerted no significant effects on fatty acid composition, while there were marked changes in fatty acid distribution attributable to the presence of increasing levels of linolenate in the diet. The linolenate-free diet produced high percentages of 16:1, 18:1 and 20:3ω9, and these levels were lowered by the addition of 1% linolenate, regardless of the amounts of laruate in the diets. Consequently, the EFA index, 20:3ω9/22:6ω3, showed low values even in the lowgrowth groups receiving diets containing 1% linolenate along with 9% or 14% laurate. This suggess that it is impossible to judge from the EFA index whether or not fish are receiving a sufficient amount of EFA to maximize growth. The requirement of rainbow trout for linolenate and ω3-HUFA can be postulated to be around 20% and 10% of the dietary lipids, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (415K) -
中山 昭彦, 佐茂 須美子, 池上 義昭1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 899
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (101K) -
藤井 武人1977 年 43 巻 7 号 p. 901
発行日: 1977/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (112K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|