日本水産学会誌
Online ISSN : 1349-998X
Print ISSN : 0021-5392
ISSN-L : 0021-5392
43 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1~16を表示しています
  • 小川 和夫, 江草 周三
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1029-1034
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    A dactylogyrid was found parasitizing the gills of the 0 year carp (Cyprinus carpio) reared at farms in Nagano prefecture. The dactylogyrid was identified as Dactylogyrus minutus (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae). The discovery of this species is the first recorded case in Japan. The chitinous parts and the other structures of the species are also redescribed in this paper. The shape and the size of the chitinous parts almost agree with those reported by foreign authors, except the lack of a chitinous ring at the distal eng of the uterus. No such structure was found in the present specimens. KULWIE ?? did not mention a chitinous ring at the site in his original description of the species.
    Morphologically this species is characterized by the structure of the ovary and the vagina. The former originates behind the testis and is curved or folded in shape. The latter has a chitinous ring its opening. The vaginal duct is dilated to form the receptaculum seminis.
  • 北原 武, 入江 隆彦, 早川 清志
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1035-1041
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    An attempt was made to determine the catch efficiency of gillnet to Agrammus agrammus from the data on catch in the fishing experiment of gillnet, which was carried out in a sargassum bed of Maizuru Bay. Analyses of the data on catch gave 0.23-0.27 and 0.090 as the estimates of the catch efficiency of three nets to unmarked and marked fish in the daytime operation of one day, respectively. Here, the catch efficiency was defined as the probability that, in the exploitable area where the species had a chance of being trammeled by the nets, the species was trammeled by the nets in a certain duration of the operation.
    There was the time zone in which the species were frequently trammeled by the nets and it seemed that it corresponded to that of their active feeding. In addition, it was supposed that the exploitable area of a net was considerably small.
  • 林田 文郎
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1043-1051
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Attempts were made to determine the age and growth of Ecklonia caca KJELLMAN collected along the coast of two different localitie, in the southern part of Izu Peninsula, Japan.
    Longitudinal and transverse sections were made at the basal part of the stem and used for the examination.
    In the sections through the stem, the dark zone which consists of small, darkcoloured cells was regarded as the growth ring. The ring was observed as a pair of lines in a longitudinal section or rings in a transverse section.
    Considering the high percentage occurrence of individuals with newly formed growth rings in January, the growth ring is probably formed duringa slow growth period of autumn and winter months.
    From one to five year rings were counted among the materials, and the number of the rings increased with stem size represented as SL×SD2.
    Growth curve of Ecklonia cava for five years after the development of young sporphyte was estimated based on the relative stem size for each age group.
  • 麦谷 泰雄
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1053-1058
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to clarify the involvement of a functional carbonic anhydrase (CA) system in the otolith formation of the goldfish, Carassius auratus, acetazolamide, a specific CA inhibitor, was injected intraperitoneally every 3 or 4 days, and its inhibitory effect on the otolith growth was examined by means of a tetracycline labeling technique. Calcium-45 deposition on the otolith was also examind after a single injection of the drug.
    Given in multiple doses of 50mg per Kg of body weight, acetazolamide did not reduce the growth rate of the otolith on either dorsal or ventral side. With multiple doses of 100mg, however, the dorsal growth was significantly depressed by 17%.The ventral growth was not affected. Simialarly, calcium-45 deposition on the otolith was effectively reduced (39%) only when a dose of 100mg was given.
    These results suggest that, if involved, the enzyme-catalyzed hydration or hydroxylation of CO2 is not indispensable to the carbonate formation of the otolith.
  • 安井 港, 井上 元男
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1059-1067
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    An examination of the correlation between the availability of skipjack tuna in the Kinan and Izu regions and the oceanographic factors such as temperature (1955-1973) and salinity (1955-1972) revealed the following:
    (1) Oceanographic conditions in winter at the E-6 station in Satsunan region were examined statistically. The mean surface temperature of the excellent and good skipjack fishing years (1958, 1959, 1966, 1967, 1972) in the Kinan and Izu regions was 21.2°C, which is significantly higher than 19.8°C, the mean of the extremely poor and poor fishing years (1963, 1965, 1970, 1971). Similary, the mean surface salinity of the excellent and good years (1958, 1959, 1966, 1967, 1972) was 34.81‰, which was significantly lower than 34.87‰, the mean of the extremely poor and poor years (1960, 1963, 1965, 1969, 1970, 1971).
    (2) It is possible to forecast skipjack fishing condition in the Kinan and Izu regions as well as in other regions through the examination of temperature and salinity distributions in the Satsunan region during the preceding winter unless (a) the year turns out to be a very productive year for albacore fishing, in which case the fishing effort will be diverted from skipjack fishing to albacore fishing, or (b) it happens to be a year in which the skipjack bithing condition is very poor.
  • 楠木 豊
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1069-1076
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The filtration rates of the Japanese oysters were measured in suspensions of various algal cultures. The filtration rates measured in the laboratory tended to be lower than those found under natural conditions. The calculated quantities of suspended matter removed by oysters were, therefore, less than those of faecal material produced; this was especially so in winter, when the quantity of faecal material was twice that calculated from removed suspended matter. These lowered filtration rares probably resulted from the disturbance of the animals when algal cells were added, and from high concentrations of suspension. On the other hand, normal values were obtained for rates of water transport, and 40-50% of the suspended matter contained in the inhalant current was found to be retained by the gills.
    Initial algal concentrations influenced the filtration rate, namely, the higher the concentration, the lower the filtration rate. In suspensions of Chlamydomonas with concentrations of more than 25×104 cells/ml the filtration rates became lower.
  • スルメイカより分離したα-iminodipropionic acid について-(1)
    佐藤 実, 佐藤 美和, 土屋 靖彦
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1077-1079
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the automatic amino acid analysis of the muscle extracts of squid, Todarodes pacificus, a few unknown compounds were found in the acidic fraction. One of them giving a very weak coloration with ninhydrin reagent was isolated in crystalline form by ion-exchange column chromatography; m.p. 232-234°C (decompn.). Anal. C, 44.77; H, 6.92; N, 8.72%. Its molecular weight was determind by mass spectrometry to be 161 and its molecular formula, C6H11O4N. The electrophoretic behavior and IR spectrum strongly suggested that the substance is a monoaminodicarboxylic acid. The NMR spectum showed the presence of two CH3CH groups in the molecule. From these results the isolated compound was identified as α-iminodipropionic acid. This compound was reported by STADNIKOFF in 1907, but is new in nature, so far as the authors are aware. The final proof of its stereochemical structure will be given by further investigation.
  • 大腸菌によるイオン吸着現象とバクテリアフロックの形成
    小川 数也
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1081-1088
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    A filtering method was applied to confirm the mechanism of bacterial floc formation in seawater. Experimental results showed clearly that the cells of E.coli, either living or non-living, adsorb divalent cations form ionic solutions and seawater.
    The adsorption value increased with the concentration of ions in solution. However, in the Mg ion solution containing Mg at seawater level, the adsorption capacity decreased owing to the formation of bacterial micelles.
    On the basis of the experimental results, it is suggested that there exist two processes by which floc formation of E. coli occurs in seawater.
    In the first process, the bacteria egested or carried into the sea adsorb divalent cations, thereby becoming bridged to ode another with the consequent formation of bacterial micelles.
    In the second process, the bacterial micelle provide per se space for growth, which is also enhanced by the accumulation or sorption of organic matter dissolved in seawater, thereby giving rise to visible bacterial flocculation.
  • 各種海洋動物消化管由来菌のフロック形成
    小川 数也
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1089-1096
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Twelve strains of fecal bacteria were isolated form several species of marine animals and used to study floc formation in seawater. The isolated bacteria grew well in media enriched with protein broth, not only in filtered natural seawater, but also in artificial seawater with or without divalent cations (Mg, Ca)
    However, bacterial flocculation during the growth process was evident in both natural and artificial seawater media with Mg and Ca ions. The pattern or magnitude of bacterial floc formation differed with the bacterial strains examined. A few bacterial strains having strong flocculation capacity produced obviously large flocs in seawater.
    Divalent cations (Mg, Ca) in freshwater medium also had a noticeable effect on the floc formation of two bacterial strains isolated from the intestinal contents or the feces of freshwater fishes.
    These exeperimental results seem to suggest that the intestinal bacteria voided from marine animals are the primary participants in the formation of organic suspended matter in the marine environment.
  • 中村 孝, 豊水 正道, 永元 俊春
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1097-1104
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Gel chromatography of autoxidized methyl linolenate on Bio-Beads S-X3 gave a degradation product fraction which was discolored by shaking with 0.5M Gly at 45°C for 90 min.
    IR spectra obtained before and after the discoloration reaction, showed that the absorptions at 5.96 μ due to C=O of conjugated carbonyl, 6.13 μ due to conjugated C=C and 10.3 μ due to trans C=C were remarkably reduced by the discoloration reaction.
    After conversion of carbonyl group into dimethylhydrazone and of hydroxyl group into TMS ether, the degradation products were analyzed by GLC and GC-MS. Some of conjugated carbonyls that decreased after the discoloration reaction were identified as 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal, 9-formyl methyl-8-nonenoate and 10-formyl methyl-9-decenoate.
  • 浜田 巌, 辻 清昭, 中山 照雄, 丹羽 栄二
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1105-1109
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to compare fish actomyosin(AM) with animal AM from the standpoint of oxidative denaturation, AM solutions were prepared from the muscles of carp and rabbit and stored at 4°C. The relationships between the oxidation of SH and lipid and the concomitant changes in solubility and ATPase activity were investigated. The results were as follows.
    1)In rabbit AM, there wax little change in the SH and SS contents for about 14days and only a slight decrease in the ATPase activity. In carp AM, there was a dramatic decrease in ATPase activity and the SH content decreased while that of SS increased. However, these changes were suppressed by storage in nitrogen gas.
    2)Oxidation of lipids occurred after about 10 days in carp but was delayed in rabbit.
    3)Even for carp, the amount of salt-insoluble AM was only 4% after storage for 16 days. During this period, the salt-soluble fraction increased in SS content while the ATPase activity was reduced by half.
    From these results, it wax conjectured that carp AM is more susceptible to oxidation than rabbit AM, and that oxidation is associated with the decrease of ATPase activity in carp AM stored at 4°C.
  • 成長におよぼすリノール酸およびリノレン酸の効果
    金沢 昭夫, 常盤 繁, 鹿山 光, 平田 稔
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1111-1114
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The requirements of linoleic and linolenic acids for the growth of the prawn, Penaeus japonicus, were studied by using a purified diet.
    In this feeding experiment conducted for 50 days, the growth of prawn on the diet containing oleic acid was extremely slow. Addition of linoleic and linolenic acids to the diet remarkably improved weight gain. The recovery tests initiated after 30-days of feeding linolenic acids were concluded to be essential for the growth of prawn. Also, the nutritive value of linolenic acid for prawn was found to be higher than that of linoleic acid.
  • キハダ筋肉および肝臓中のメチル水銀レベル
    上田 正, 武田 道夫
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1115-1121
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The results of methyl mercury (MeHg) analyses of the muscle tissues and the livers of 39 specimens of yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, from the Middle Pacific, the West pacific, and the East Indian Oceans are presented.
    The correlations between the levels of MeHg and total mercury (T-Hg) were signiflcant (at 0.01 level) in both muscle tissues and liver. The difference between the MeHg and the T-Hg levels was insignificant (at 0.01 level) by t-test in both dark muscle and liver. On the other hand, the MeHg levels of dorsal muscle were significantly lower than the corresponding T-Hg levels, the difference being approximately 0.04μg/g.
    The level of MeHg in dark muscle and liver, respechively, correlated significantly with that of dorsal muscle (at 0.01 level). The dark muscle contained a higher level of MeHg than the dorsal muscle, the difference being about 0.03μg/g, while the liver contained less than either (about 0.07μg/g).
    On the basis of the statistical evaluation described above, the order of mercury levels among the muscles and the liver was estimated as follows;
    T-Hg of dorsal muscle≈T-Hg of dark muscle≈MeHg of dark muscle>MeHg of
    dorsal muscle>MeHg of liver≈T-Hg of liver.
  • マッコウ鯨油および綿実油によるセボレヤ症状の発生
    佐藤 美和, 土屋 靖彦
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1123-1127
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. Seborrhea was produced in rats administered a dose of wax corresponding to 0.6% of the body weight daily for about 20 days or a dose of cotton seed oil at a level of 4% for 20 to 30 days.
    2. Seborrhea was induced earlier in the animals kept at a temperature of 30°C than those at 10 and 20°C.
    3. Liver trouble such as hepar adiposum appeared prior to the occurrence of seborrhea in rats.
  • ワックスのアルコール炭素数とセボレヤ発生との関係
    佐藤 美和, 土屋 靖彦
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1129-1131
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Rats were fed with a basal diet to which an ester of oleic acid with C8 to C18 saturated alcohols and a C18 unsaturated alcohol was added in the radio of 10 and 15 per cent. A mild sign of seborrhea was manifested in rats with hexadecyl- and octadecyl-oleates. On the contrary, the animals with octadecenyl-oleate had abnormal scour for several successive days from the third of fourth day of the experiment. They were smudged with the fatty excrements and frequently mistaken for the animals suffering from seborrhea. They became emaciated and soon died.
  • 麻酔とサイクリックヌクレオタイドフォスフォジエステレース
    関沢 泰治, 伊藤 理
    1977 年 43 巻 9 号 p. 1133-1138
    発行日: 1977/09/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    A 2-(CH-Sepharose 4B-amido)-4-phenylthiazole column was effective for the affinity chromatography of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase but ineffective for that of choline acetyltransferase from carp brain. The implication of these results as to the mechanism of action of 2-amino-4-phenylthiazole, a piscine anesthetic, is discussed.
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