巻号一覧
45 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
ウシエビ幼生の記載本尾 洋1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1201-1216
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe egg, larval stages and the first postlarva of the giant tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, reared from egg in the laboratory are described and illustrated.
Six naupliar, three protozoeal and three mysis stages are recognized. The larvae of P. monodon are morphologically similar to those of P. japonicus described by HUDINAGA except for the following characters: 1) number of setae on first antenna of fourth and fifth nauplii is 5 or 6 in P. monodon, but it is 7 in P. japonicus; 2) supra-orbital spine of second protozoea is bifurcated at base in P. monodon, but at tip in P. japonicus; 3) number of segments of endopod of second maxilliped of second mysis is 5 in P. monodon, but it is 4 in P. japonicus; 4) number of rostral spines in second and third myses is 0 and 0 or 1 respectively in P. monodon, but it is 1 and 2 respectively in P. japonicus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (998K) -
バナナエビ本尾 洋, ブリ プラシット1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1217-1235
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe eggs, the larval stages and the first postlarva of the banana prawn, Penaeus merguiensis, from Philippine waters aze described and illustrated.
The complete larval stage consisting of six naupliar, three protozoeal and three mysis substages were reared from egg spawned in the laboratory. The larval and postlarval stages of the present materials are compared with those of P. merguiensis from India, P. monodon from the Philippines and P. japonicus from Japan. The morphological characteristics of P. merguiensis are identical with those of genus Penaeus in the Gulf of Mexico, except for the absence of the dorso-median spine on the third abdominal segment in the mysis stage of P. merguiensis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1141K) -
集魚灯光の強さの吟味川村 軍蔵1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1237-1240
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーUsing the ultramicro capillary electrode, the lowest light intensity to produce maximum S-potential was measured in dark adapted spotted mackerel. And the range wherein the underwater vision may be affected by the bright light of the fish lamp when a fish attacks a fishing bait was calculated. The lowest intensity is about 35 Lx, which will be produced by the undrwater luminance of 56 candelas/m2. This value is considered to be lower than the underwater luminance beneath the fish lamp used. The range is very wide three-dimensionally, and mostly attracted fish seem to attack the fishing baits in the range. Hence, it can be concluded that the light intensity of the fish lamp used is too strong and has harmful effect on the vision of fish attracted, and also that the fish lose sense of color and can not discriminate the shape of fishing bait beneath the fishing lamp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (304K) -
釣獲時系列より推測される集魚灯下の魚群運動川村 軍蔵1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1241-1247
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMovement of the spotted mackerel attracted to the fish lamp was estimated from the time series of catch. The time series was analysed by the use of the Fourie transfer method, the autoregressive fitting model, and the De LURY's method. Each result of the calculation shows that the number of catch per unit time-interval fluctuates including short term periodic components. Though there is a possibility of a change of the school or the recruitment of a new school to an old one, the main reason of the periodic fluctuation is attributed to the movement of fish school. Hence, it is concluded that the spotted mackerel attracted actively moves in the area heneath the fish lamp and its surroundings, so the retinal light adaptation of fish attracted to the fish lamp does not change in spite of the extreme high underwater brightness beneath the fish lamp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (379K) -
志村 茂, 江草 周三1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1249-1253
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーProctoeces ichiharai n. sp.(Fellodistomidae, Digenea) found in the renal coelom of topshell, Batillus cornutus, is described, being taken at Misaki, Kanagawa Pref. and Chikura, Chiba Pref. in Japan from February 1974 to October 1975. The body is elongated, 3.82-8.89mm long, egg size is lazge, 72.6×26.2μm after fixation and the ovarian shape varies from trilobate to ellipsoidal. These specimens are identical with the spedes reported as Proctoeces sp. by ICHIHARA in 1965. The present trematode is concluded as an adult of P. ichiharai, and B.cornntus is thought to be a finalhost, on account of the presence of numerous mature eggs containing motile miracidia in the uterus and the metraterm and of apparently aged specimens in the renal coelom suggesting the completion of their life.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (430K) -
志村 茂, 江草 周三1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1255-1260
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe development of Proctoeces ichiharai, from juvenile stage apparently just after infection to mature stage, obtained from the renal coelom of topshell, Batillus cornutus, is described. The general morphology of the developmental stages is illustrated and the data on growth and relative growth of internal organs such as suckers, pharynx, ovary, testes, cirrus pouch, vitelline glands and hindbody aze analyzed. Generally, the organs develop and increase in size with growth, although their relative growth to body length shows brachyauxesis. The variation of ovarian shape, one of the most peculiar characteristics of the present species, is observed even in juvenile specimens. Based on the specimens fixed in hot formalin, mature eggs are observed in the specimens over 3.49mm long, though immature eggs are observed in those over 2.45mm. The size of eggs is distributed equally regardless of body length, ranging from 68 to 74μm in longest diameter. The constancy of mature egg size probably reveals one taxonomic character of the genus Proctoeces. An attempt in obtaining specimens of its cercarial stage by experimental infection and by inspection of mollusks collected in the infected areas was not successful.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (506K) -
羽生 功, 塚本 勝巳, 山森 邦夫, ガン ファン・バン・, 古川 清, 日比谷 京1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1261-1265
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn apparatus of the water tunnel type was constructed to facilitate simultaneous recordings of physiological information from swimming fish. The apparatus was connected with a large reservoir which made it possible to perform long-term experiments with controlled water temperature and current. Because the electrode leads and cannulae from an experimental fish were drawn out watertight, measurement of oxygen consumption could be carried out simultaneously with blood sampling and recordings of electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG) and respiratory movement (RM).
For implantation of bipolar electrodes, a new method was adopted. Using a “twin implanter” consisting of two injection needles joined parallel to each other, two electrodes could be implanted, exactly 2mm apart, to exactly the same depth in the fish's body. This method of implantation was successfully used for every recording of ECG, EMG and RM. Recordings of ECG, EMG and RM of the yellowtail are presented. Changes in heart rate, breathing rate and tail beat frequency during exercise are discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (368K) -
北原 武1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1267-1273
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAnalyses were made with the catch data concerning the kuruma prawn, Penaeus japonicus, fisheries along the Buzen District, Fukuoka, in order to derive a method for separating the variation in catch per unit effort (CPUE), which has been frequently used as an index of the standing crop of exploited population, to the components of the standing crop and others as reasonably as possible. Because the variations in CPUE on a short time scale seemed to follow log-normal distributions, assuming the daily change in the standing crop to be smooth to a considerable degree, a log transformed index of the standing crop was expressed by the moving average of log CPUE of 2T+1. A spectral analysis on log CPUE gave 2 2-days as an estimate of T since the spectral densities calculated for each fishery were variable and complicated in the frequency range above 0.2 2-day-1 every year from 1974 to 1978.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (484K) -
飽食量に影響する外的条件石渡 直典1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1275-1276
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe satiation amount is standardized by the method described in the provious reports1-4) and the influence of the size of school on the satiation amount is examined. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
The satiation amount of a school of fish declines when its number falls below a certain number (Table 1 and Fig. 1), thus exhibiting group effect. This is an example of a psychological factor influencing food consumption.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (132K) -
有結節網地と無結節網地の流水抵抗特性について今井 健彦1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1277-1282
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe studies were carried out to measure the drag and lift components of hydrodynamical resistance of the trawl-knotted and knotless nettings, both of which were equally composed from the same size of nine meshes, made of the same polyethylene twine.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. Hydro-dynamical resistance of the drag-coefficient (CD), the lift-coefficient (CL) and the frictional-drag-coefficient (CF) on both nettings were denoted by the following empirical equations.
CD=CD90sin2/5θ
CL=CD90sin3/2θcosθ
CF=CF0cosθ+Ksinθcosθ
Where θ was the attack angle of the netting, CD90 was the value of drag-coefficient on 90° of θ, CF0 was the frictional-drag-coefficient on 0° of θ, and K was the constant depending on characteristic of netting.
2. The value of pressure-drag-coefficient (CD and CL) of the trawl-knotted netting was noted to be about 10% bigger than the knotless netting.
The frictional-drag-coefficient (CF) of the trawl-knotted netting was equal or a little bigger than the knotless netting, and the hydro-dynamical resistance of the netting was proportional to the projective area of the netting twine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (286K) -
アルギン酸の分子の大きさの分布磯 直道, 水野 治夫, 斎藤 隆英, 恩田 宣彦1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1283-1287
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe molecular size distribution of alginic acid in seven species of brown seaweeds found along the coast of Japan was determined by sedimentation velocity method. All the differential distribution curves of sedimentation constant were symmetrical. The alginic acid prepared from “kajime” (Echlonia cava Kjellman) and from “oni-konbu” (Laminaria diabolica) showed a sharp size distribution. No clear correlation was found between the molecular size distribution, the content, and the yield of alginic acid, through the species examined.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (294K) -
石油製品・油処理剤混合物の植物プランクトンに対する毒性徳田 廣1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1289-1291
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe toxicity of mixtures of several oil products and oil-spill emulsifiers to the growth of a marine diatom Skeletonema costatum was compared with that of individual oil products and oil-spill emulsifiers. The following results were obtained: the toxicity of all the mixtures tested is by far higher than that of individual oil-spill emulsifiers, but is similar to or slightly higher than that of the corresponding individual oil products.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (221K) -
鈴木 譲, 中原 元和, 上田 泰司1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1293-1298
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to gain more information of 95Zr and 95Nb accumulation and excretion by marine fish, a laboratory study was undertaken using common goby. Radioaccivity of 95Zr and 95Nb in the tissues or organs was simultaneously measured and readily distinguished by a high resolution detector, Ge (Li).
More than 60% of both total body burden of 95Zr and 95Nb was concentrated in the viscera (mainly digestive tracts) in spite of the small weight per cent (1.3%). The concentration factors of 95Zr and 95Nb on the 14th day after exposure were 34 and 42 for viscera; however, those were estimated to reach 70 and 83, respectively, if the fish were reared for a month under a constant level of radioactivity in sea water.
The turnover rate of viscera was 0.0081 for 95Zr and 0.0018 for 95Nb, and the biological half time was 85 days for 95Zr and 385 days for 95Nb, respectively.
In an elution pattern by gel filtration (Sephadex G-75) for viscera of common goby labelled by 95Nb, more than 80% of the total activity in the extracted solution exists with a relatively large molecular weight protein (probably more than 35, 000). Although, 95Nb probably has no biological function in fish, it was apparently found to be organically bound in viscera of the fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (407K) -
山田 久, 村上 彰男, 鹿山 光1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1299-1305
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA simplified method for the determination of rate of mineralization of organic matter is devised by using a diffusion technique instead of an aeration method. The apparatus is a 50ml amber glass Erlenmyer flask with an inner chamber. In the inner chamber, Hyamine solution in methanol and an accordion-folded piece of filter paper are placed, and in the outer chamber, microorganisms collected on a Millipore HA filter by filtering sea water, the filtrate and uniformly [14C] labelled substrate are added. After sealing tightly with a serum rubber cap, the reaction is initiated in a motor-drive incubator. The reaction is stopped by adding acid through the rubber cap with a syringe. Further incubation is continued to accomplish the absorption of CO2 into the inner chamber. The radioactivity of [14C] CO2 derived from the mineralization is measured by a liquid scintillation spectrometer. The error of this method was under 10% caluculating from the 25 pairs of experiments.
The mineralization rate was estimated by applying this method to field surveys in Beppu Bay.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (406K) -
小泉 千秋, CAO thi Kieu-Thu, 野中 順三九1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1307-1312
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーInvestigations were conducted on the volatile compounds responsible for the undesirable odor characteristic of cooked sardine (Sardinops melanosticta) meat. These odors form when the meat is subjected to heat processing.
Olfactory analysis confirmed that the bulk of the undesirable odor developed from the lipid fraction of the meat; the development of odor was inhibited by adding potassium bromate and BHA to the meat before cooking, but enhanced by ascorbic acid and isoascorbic acid. A slight decrease in the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid of lipids due to thermal degradation was also confirrned from the comparison of fatty acid compositions of lipids in the meat before and after cooking.
The volatile compounds isolated from cooked sardine meat were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Forty compounds, including esters, aldehydes, ketone, alcohols, hydrocarbons, amines, and cyclic compounds, were identified. These aldehydes, alcohols, and hydrocarbons were considered to be derived from thermal oxidation of lipids and to be important contributors to the undesirable odor associated with cooked sardine meat.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (423K) -
Enterobacter属菌ならびにVibrio属菌のキチン分解酵素に関する研究Aleya H. MOWLAH, 坂田 泰造, 柿本 大壱1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1313-1317
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCrude chitinase preparations were obtained from cultural filtrates of Enterobacter and Vibrio which were isolated from the intestinal tract of gray mullet (Mugil cephalus).
The Enterobacter preparations after overnight dialysis lost virtually all chitinase activity whereas the enzymic activity of Vibrio preparations did not decrease during similar dialysis. The addition of calcium ions prevented the loss of chitinase activity during dialysis in Enterobacter preparations. Calcium chloride was the best co-factor, among all the chemicals tested. Using calcium chloride it was possible to isolate two different chitinases from Enterobacter by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The Vibrio preparations showed only one band in the absence of calcium chloride. The enzyme preparations from Enterobacter lost its activity at 50°C and the Vibrio preparations did not lose its activity at similar temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1121K) -
竹内 俊郎, 渡辺 武, 能勢 健嗣1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1319-1323
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe need for essential fatty acids (EFA)of chum salmon in a freshwater environment was examined by feeding diets containing different levels of methyl esters: 18:2ω6, 18:3ω3, 20:5ω3, and a mixture of 20:5ω3 and 22:6ω3 (ω3HUFA), The EFA-deficient diet resulted in poor growth, low feed efficiency, high mortality, and swollen pale livers from the 2nd week of the feeding. The addition of either 18:2ω6 or 18:3ω3 to the diet improved growth conditions, but the mortality was not effectively reduced by the addition of 0.5% 18:3ω3. On the other hand, the addition of ω3 fatty acids, not only 20:5ω3but also ω3HUFA, to the EFA-deficient diet vastly improved growth and feed efficiency, and the supplemental effect of 0.5% 20:5ω3 and 0.5% ω3HUFA on the growth of chum salmon slightly exceeded that of 1% 18:3ω3. The best weight gain and feed efficiency were obtained in the fish receiving the diet supplemented with both 1% 18:2ω6 and 1% 18:3ω3 or ω3HUFA.
The EFA-deficient diet raised the levels of the “abnormal” polyunsaturated 20:3ω9and monoethylenic fatty acid, 18:1, and these levels were lowered by bothω6 andω3 fatty acids. ω3HUFA and 20:5ω3 appeared to be more efficient than 18:2ω6 and 18:3ω3 in reducing the levels of these fatty acids. The requirement of chum salmon in freshwater environment for linoleic and linolenic acids was found to be around 1%, or 0.5-1% for ω3HUFA.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (328K) -
エキス中の糖,有機酸ならびに無機成分林 哲仁, 浅川 明彦, 山口 勝巳, 鴻巣 章二1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1325-1329
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs a part of our studies on the flavor components of boiled crabs, we have analyzed the extracts from the leg meat, hepatopancreas, and ovary of five species of common edible crabs in Japan for sugars, organic acids, and minerals.
Glucose was found to be the most abundant monosaccharide in these tissues. Small amounts of ribose, fructose, and arabinose were also detected, together with inositol. The main organic acids were lactic and succinic acids. Very small amounts of acetic, propionic and oxalic acids were also detected. Most of the cations were Na+ and K+. Cl- was the major anion, with somewhat lower levels of PO43-.
The sum of all the components analyzed for in the previous and present studies accounted for 92-96%, 83-89%, and 87-94% of the dry matter of the extracts of leg meat, hepatopancreas, and ovary, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1123K) -
橋本 周久, 山口 勝己, 武田 登, 小川 克公1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1331-1333
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe proportion of the dark muscles in the total was determined for the mackerel Pneumatophorus japonicus japonicas and the sardine Sardinops melanosticta. The content of hemoprotein (myoglobin and hemoglobin) in their dark and ordinary muscles was also determined.
The dark to total muscle proportions in the front, middle, and rear parts of the body were 6, 13, and 33% in mackerel, and 12, 19, and 30% in sardine. The hemoprotein contents in the dark muscle of the above three parts were 310, 620, and 690mg/100g in mackerel and 280, 390, and 420mg/100g in sardine. On the other hand, the hemoprotein contents of ordinary muscleof the entire body in mackerel and sardine were 19 and 16mg/100g, respectively.
It was shown that the proportion of contaminated dark muscle in otoshimi (minced fish meat) of mackerel or sardine can easily bo estimated by its hemoprotein content.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (198K) -
山口 勝己, 武田 登, 小川 克公, 橋本 周久1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1335-1339
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMyoglobins (Mb's) were isolated from the dark muscle of mackerel Pneumatophorus japonicus japonicus and sardine Sardinops meianosticta by ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sepiladex G-75 gel filtration, etc.
Mb's of both species contained protoheme as the prosthetic group, as do those of other vertebrates. Amino acid analysis revealed that both Mb's include one mole of cysteine/mole, indicating a feature characteristic of fish Mb's. The absorption spectra and alkali resistibility of the Mb's of both species resembled each other and also those from the other sources so far reported.
The molecular weight of each Mb was determined to be less than 15, 000, in contrast to those for other sources ranging from 16, 000 to 18, 000. The isoelectric points were as low as 5.8 or 5.9. Mackerel Mb showed autoxidation and thermal stability comparable to those of other fish Mb's, while sardine Mb was less autoxidizable and extremely thermostable; it formed little precipitate even when boiled in 0.2M phosphate buffer at pH 6.7 for 5min.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (306K) -
手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1341-1346
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe distribution of radioactive lipid classes in the tissues of prawn, Penaeus japonicus, was investigated after oral administration of linolenic acid-1-14C in order to clarify the mechanism of lipid transport in crustaceans. Also, the movement of linolenic acid to the serous membrane site across the hin-dgut was examined by using the everted hind-gut of prawn. Dietary free fatty acid was presumed to be mainly absorbed at the region of the hepatopancreas and mid-gut rather than at the hind-gut. The absorbed linolenic acid was resynthesized to phospholipids (PL) in the hepatopancreas and hind-gut, and then released into the hemolymph as a form of PL. From this data, PL were conceived to be the most important mediators of lipid mobilization through the hemolymph in the prawn, P. japonicus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (463K) -
坂田 泰造, 柿本 大壱1979 年 45 巻 10 号 p. 1347
発行日: 1979/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (85K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|