巻号一覧
45 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
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酸化油の消化率ならびに酸化油摂取後の血漿および肝すい臓成分の経時変化坂口 宏海, 浜口 章1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 545-548
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRed sea bream, Chrysophrys major, were kept on diets containing 11% of fresh (POV 5) or oxidized pollack residual oil (POV 1, 550) for 40 days.
After 20 days of feeding, the digestibility of fat was measured on 20 fish. The rest of the fish were kept for another 20 days on the experimental diets. After 2, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours following the last feeding, the fish were sacrificed for the measurement of chemical components in the plasma and hepatopancreas.
The digestibility of the fresh oil was 91%, whereas that of the oxidized oil was as low as 77%.
Hyperglycemia was observed in 2 to 24 hours following the administration of the oxidized oil, but elevation of blood glucose level was not significant in fish fed the fresh oil. Intake of the fresh oil was followed by a rise of triglyceride level in the plasma 2 to 6 hours later, but in the case of the oxidized oil its level remained almost unchanged.
Fat content of the hepatopancreas of fish fed the oxidized oil decreased sharply between 2 and 6 hours and then showed a tendency to increase. The administration of the oxidized oil induced remarkable decrease of glycogen in the hepatopancreas.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (284K) -
分光感度および色覚川村 軍蔵1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 549-551
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーL-response and C-response of S-potential were recorded from the retina of spotted mackerel. As the frequency of the appearance of C-response recorded is extremely low, this species probably has poor color vision. The purkinje shift was observed in L-responses. The sensitivity curve is maximal at 492nm for photopic retina and at 458nm for scotopic retina. Based on the results, spectral radiative energy of the effective fish lamp was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (996K) -
網膜運動反応川村 軍蔵1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 553-555
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe retinomotor response for spotted mackerel was observed to clarify the light intensity over which retinal light adaptation takes place and the progression of the contraction of cones up to the light-adapted state when dark adapted fish are exposed to light. The movement of cones is more rapid in a fish exposed to a higher light intesity, than in a fish exposed to a lower intensity. The cones attained the light-adapted state within 30 minutes, and retinal light adaptation took place at the downward illuminance range from 5.7 to 13 lx.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (823K) -
畑中 寛1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 557-560
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe geographical distribution of two subspecies belonging to Sepia officinalis LINNAEUS off the northwest coast of Africa was examined, using the materials collected by Japaese trawlers. Results obtained are as follows:
(1) The southern boundary of Sepia oficinalis oficinalis is in the vicinity of the Cap Vert.
(2) The northern boundary of S. o. hierredda is at the latitude of Cap Blanc.
(3) S. o. hierredda is found mainly in waters shallower than 50 meters and S. o. officinalis is found in every depth until at least 110 meters off the coast of Mauritania where both subspecies have been inhabiting commonly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (243K) -
天然における摂餌量石渡 直典1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 561-565
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe daily ration of fish in nature is estimated from a comparison between the growth rate of fish in nature and in aquaria. The growth rate of 0-year-old jack mackerel, Trachurus japonicus caught off the coast of Koajiro, Kanagawa Prefecture, indicates 0.249 and 0.172g⁄day in 1957 and 1958 respectively. On the other hand, the growth rate of 0-year-old jack mackerel fed to satiation on pieces of jack mackerel meat once a day indicates 0.501g⁄day, and the growth rates of the fish fed on the food of 2⁄3 and 1⁄3 of the satiation amount indicate 0.350 and 0.154g⁄day respectively. The growth rates of the fish in nature in 1957 and 1958 fall between those of the 2⁄3 and 1⁄3 satiation groups. At this water temperature, the satiation amount of the fish for one feeding a day is about 9% of body weight, therefore, in these waters the daily ration of the fish will be estimated at 3-6% of body weight. Juvenile jack mackerel appear from the beginning of April together with juvenile sardines, and they take food and grow until summer in these waters. The growth rate of the fish will be closely connected with the amount of food in these waters. If the above estimation is correct, in these waters there is not sufficient food to satiate the fish even once a day and they will not attain their maximum growth rate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (270K) -
ハマチ養殖場における海水・海泥中のStreptococcus sp.の分布北尾 忠利, 青木 宙, 岩田 一夫1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 567-572
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーStreptococcus sp. was surveyed in seawater and mud near yellowtail culturing pens in Kitaura Bay, Miyazaki Prefecture from May, 1976 to February, 1978. The survey method used was a simple technique of identification of Streptococcus sp. developed by the authors.
Streptococcus sp. strains were detected in samples not only during summer seasons but also in winter seasons.
This fact suggested that cultured yellowtail have abundant opportunities to be infected in all seasons by Streptococcus sp. from seawater and muds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (355K) -
松田 由美子1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 573-579
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of various concentrations of sucrose on the quality change of lyophilized myofibrils during storage was examined. Myofibrils from live carp, Cyprinus carpio, were ground with polyphosphates and sucrose. The mixtures were freeze-dried at 35°C, ground into powder, packed in 0.1mm thick polyethylene bags, and stored for 6 months at 20°C. At suitable intervals, aliquots of the mixtures were taken out and examined as to quality, using as indexes the solubility in 0.6M KCl, the relative viscosity, and the ATPase activity of the 0.6M KCl extractable prolein, and the total ATPase activity.
The higher the concentration of sucrose, the better was the quality retention of the powder. Above 5 per cent in a wet basis before freeze-drying, however, there was no sig-nificant difference in the effect of sucrose. It was also noted that protein denaturation was accelerated in the powder to which but polyphosphates had been added.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (487K) -
松田 由美子1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 581-584
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of various concentrations of sorbitol on the quality change of lyophilized myofibrils during storage was examined. Myofibrils from live carp, Cyprinus carpio, were ground with polyphosphates and sorbitol. The mixtures were freeze-dried at 35°C, ground into powder, packed in 0.03mm thick polyethylene bags and stored for 3months at 20°C. At suitable intervals, aliquots of the mixtures were taken out and examined as to quality, using as indexes the solubility in 0.6M KCl, the relative viscosity, and the ATPase activity of the 0.6M KCl extractable protein, and the total ATPase activity.
The optimum concentrations of sorbitol for the protein protective effect seemed to be about 3 or 5 per cent on a wet basis before freeze-drying. In comparison with sucrose as control, a less protein protective effect was observed with sorbitol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (188K) -
コイの肝膵臓と血合肉ミトコンドリアにおける16:0酸のβ-酸化による成化物村田 寿1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 585-590
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe products formed by β-oxidation were studled in carp (Cyprinus carpio) hepatopancreas and dark muscle mitochondria by using 14C-16:0 acid.
16:0 acid was converted primarily to CO2 and water soluble compounds by β-oxidation in carp dark muscle mitochondria. The incorporation of 16:0 acid into triglyceride and phospholipid was extremely slight in the mitochondria. These results suggested that 16:0 acid participated in β-oxidatlon in preference to a synthesis of lipids in tho system.
The water soluble compounds acetic, fumaric, and succinic acids were identified in carp hepatopancreas and dark muscle mitochondria as well as in rat liver mitochondria. Among these, acetic acid was predominant in all of the mitochondria. Moreover, the amounts of fumaric and succinic acids, intermediates of the TCA cycle, produced in carp hepatopancreas were not so great as those in carp dark muscle and rat liver.
β-Hydroxybutyric acid was clearly detected byβ-oxidation of 16:0 acid in carp hepatopancreas as well as in rat liver, but is was only slightly detected in carp dark muscle. Consequently, the author concluded that the difference in β-oxidation of 16:0 acid between carp hepatopancreas and dark muscle mitochondria might arise from the formation of a ketone body by β-oxidation in hehatopancreas mitochondria.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (446K) -
弟子 丸修, 黒木 克宣, 米 康夫1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 591-594
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of dietary lipid and its levels on the growth, feed efficiency, and fatty acid composition of prawn, Penaeus japonicus, was studied with pollack liver oil and soybean oil, used singly or in various combinations in purified diets.
At a 6% dietary lipid level, the mixed oils were more effective than either of the individual oils in growth performance and feed efficiency. In particular, the mixed oils in a ratio of 3:1 or 1:1 produced remarkably high growth and feed efficiency. Among diets containing 3, 6, 9, and 12% of the mixed oil in a 1:1 ratio, the highest growth and feed efficiency were obtained at a 6% level. The dietary mixed oil in ratios from 3:1 to 1:1 contained approximately 20-30% ω3 and 10-17% ω3 fatty acids with the ratio of ω6 to ω3 ranging from 3:1 to 1:1, and the total body lipod of the prawn fed the oils exhibited compositions of 12-20% ω3 and 20-24% ω3 fatty acids.
From these results, it is concluded that a mixture of pollack liver oil and soybean oil in a ratio ranging from 3:1 to 1:1, containing approximately 20-30% ω6 and 10-20% ω3 fatty acids, is desirable as a dietary lipid source for prawn, and that a suitable lipid level is approximately 6%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (250K) -
須山 三千三, 平野 敏行, 佐藤 研, 福田 博業1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 595-599
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA meat soup of fresh-water softshell turtle, Trionyx sinensis japonicus, has been considered one of the most palatable foods, but little is known about the characteristics of the chemical composition of the meat. We determined the nitrogenous constituents of meat extracts of five specimens of fresh-water softshell turtles, i.e., a specimen cultured with sole and dried silkworm pupa for two months after hibernation (A) and those cultured successively with an artificial diet of eel (B), dried silkworm pupa (C), sole (D), and a mixed diet of pork, sole, and vegetable (E) for four months. The proximate compositions of meat and adipose tissue, which corresponded to 21.6-24.5% and 2.3-7.2% of the total weight respectively, were estimated. Specimen A seemed to be slightly consumed on the bases of lower amounts of meat and adipose tissue and lower concentration of fat in those tissues, as compared to specimens B-E. The meats of fresh-water softshell turtle contained extractive nitrogen ranging from 253 to 289mg per 100g of meat. Relatively large amounts of carnosine, taurine, histidine, β-alanine, glutamine, glutamic acid, creative, and adenosine triphosphate were found in the extracts of turtle meat, although the concentration varied with the specimens. Specimen A was higher in the amounts of histidine, β-alanine, anserine, and lower in carnosine, proline, phenylalanine, serine, glutamic acid, and citrulline than those of B-E. Some remarkable differences were noticed in the levels of β-alanine, phenylalanine, serine, cystathionine, taurine, glutamic acid, glutamine, citrulline, histidine, carnosine, and arginine among the specimens B-E.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (312K) -
糖鎖部分の単離および性質について浅川 牧夫1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 601-604
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe carbohydrate moiety from sialic acid-containing glycoprotein (SA-glycoprotein) in the external mucus of Japanese eel was isolated and partially characterized.
SA-glycoprotein was treated with 0.3M NaBH4 in 0.1M NaOH at 37°C for 28h. More than 80% of the carbohydrate moiety was released from SA-glycoprotein. The alkaline-reduced SA-glycoprotein was subjected to gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 and G-25, followed by ion-exchange chromatography of Dowex 50-X2 (H+) to isolate the carbohydrate moiety.
The purified carbohydrate moiety migrated to the anode as a single band in paper electrophoresis with 3% pyridine-acetic acid buffer, pH 4.5. The constituents of the carbohydrate moiety were analyzed by GLC and colorimetric methods. The molecular weight was determined by means of gel filtration.
The results showed that the carbohydrate moiety was a dissacharide composed of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) and N-acetylgalactosaminitol (GalNAc-ol). It is likely to have the sequence NANA→GalNAc-ol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (278K) -
高田 欣, 神谷 久男, 橋本 芳郎1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 605-610
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーVarious tissues of three Stromateidei fishes, Stromateus maculatus, Centrolophus sp., and Cubiceps gracilis, were extracted with acetone; the extracts obtained were analyzed for lipid composition by thin layer and gas liquid chromatography. The results showed that the major lipid component is diacyl glyceryl ethers (DAGE's) in the skin and intestine of the three fishes; the same result was previously reported for the muscle. The major lipid components of the liver and ovary were triglycerides (TG's) and wax esters, respectively. Chimyl and selychyl alcohols accounted for most of the glyceryl ethers involved in the DAGE's; the batyl alcohol characteristic to shark liver oil was not present in any significant proportion. Palmityl and oleyl alcohols were the main constitutional alcohols of the wax esters of ovary. The fatty acid compositions of the DAGE's and TG's were widely different among the fish species or tissues examined, though no significant relationship was found among the fatty acid compositions, the fish species, and the tissues.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (391K) -
炭素数および不飽和度に基づくトリグリセリド組成について和田 俊, 小泉 千秋, 滝口 明秀, 野中 順三九1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 611-614
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe triglyceride composition of lipids of black cod, Erilepis zonifer, was investigated by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The fatty acid composition of the triglyceride was also analyzed by GLC.
The fatty acid composition of the triglyceride was characterized by a high ratio of monoenoic acid content (71.7%) to polyenoic acid content (2.3%).
In HPLC, the triglycerides were separated into seven fractions on the basis of their partition numbers. Each of these collected fractions gave three to eight peaks in the GLC chromatograms according to the carbon number of the triglyceride.
From these results, it was found that the major triglycerides of black cod lipid are those of C-52 with 2 double bonds, C-54 with 2 double bonds, C-54 with 3 double bonds, C-56 with 2 double bonds, C-56 with 3 double bonds, and C-58 with 3 double bonds, amounting to 54.2% in all.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (236K) -
トリグリセリドの構成脂肪酸の組合わせおよびその含量について和田 俊, 小泉 千秋, 滝口 明秀, 野中 順三九1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 615-622
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe triglycerides of lipids of black cod, Erilepis zonifer, were fractionated into four bands, depending on the degree of unsaturation, by AgNO3 impregnated thin-layer chromatography. Each fraction was further separated into three to six fractions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Materials at the major peaks in HPLC were collected and their fatty acid compositions were determined by gas liquid chromatography.
The major triglycerides of the black cod lipid were found to be those of(1×C16:0, 2×C18:1; 10.0%), (3×C18:1;8.3%), and(2×C18:1, 1×C20:1;8.0%).
In this study, the fatty acid combinations of about 76% of the total amount of triglyceride in the lipids were elucidated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (439K) -
有馬 郷司, 長倉 克男1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 623-626
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeveral species of Odontoceti from the coastal waters of Japan were analysed for total mercury and selenium content in the muscle.
The highest mercury content, 51.8 ppm, was found in Gill's Bottle-nosed Dolphin (Tursiops gilli). The lowest value, 0.16 ppm, was obtained in the foetus of Finless Black Porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides). The mean mercury contents were 4.63 ppm (0.95-9.43) in Blue White Dolphin (Stenella caeruleo-alba) and 4.16 ppm (3.01-5.18) in Pilot Whale (Glolicephala melaena). These values are rather high compared with those of marine mammals such as seals and whales.
The mercury content in muscle increases linearly along with the age of animals. A high correlation was obtained between mercury and selenium content in the muscles of all species investigated. The molar ratio of mercury to selenium was about 1.5, indicating an excess of mercury in muscles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (242K) -
松野 隆男, 永田 誠一, 岩橋 正雄, 小池 利通, 岡田 稔1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 627-632
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt has been shown that the major carotenoids of Spirulina are zeaxanthin and myxoxanthophyll. In order to determine which is effective to intensify the reddish color of fancy red carp, test diets containing either zeaxanthin or myxoxanthophyll were fed to solid red yearling fish for 69 days.
Zeaxanthin was quite effective in color development, but no effect was found with myxoxanthophyll. It was concluded that the intensification of the color of fancy red carp with Spirulina is due to zeaxanthin, because the amount of astaxanthin in the integument of the test group whose diet contained zeaxanthin increased to eight times that of the control.
In addition to the following five previously identified carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, α-doradexanthin, 4-ketozeaxanthin (β-doradexanthin) and astaxanthin, during the present investigation five other carotenoids, β-carotene, cryptoxanthin, diatoxanthin, β-carotenetriol (4-hydroxy-zeaxanthin), β-carotenenetetrol, and idoxanthin were also identified from the integument of fancy red carp.
The occurrence of β-carotenetriol and idoxanthin as dominant gives indirect evidence supporting the hypothesis proposed by HATA et al. of a metabolic pathway from zeaxanthin to astaxanthin through 4-ketozeaxanthin as intermediate. The scheme of the metabolic pathway will be as follows: zeaxanthin→β-carotenetriol→4-ketozeaxanthin→idoxanthin→astaxanthin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (383K) -
田中 淑人, 片山 輝久1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 633-634
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSome doubt has been cast on the structural formula of tedaniaxanthin, a new aromatic carotenoid, isolated from the sea sponge, Tedania digitata; a revised structural formula of tedaniaxanthin is proposed in this report: 3-hydroxy-7, 8-didehydro-β, x-carotene.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (159K) -
佐藤 実, 佐藤 美和, 土屋 靖彦1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 635-638
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe ethanolic extracts of short-necked clam, Tapes japonica, were found to contain three acidic amino acids in almost the same fractions of ion exchange chromatography. They were isolated by ion exchange chromatography, followed by partition chromatography using Sephadex G-25. Two compounds were identified as meso-α-iminodipropionic acid (I) and D-α-iminopropioacetic acid (II) on the basis of comparison of Rf values in paper chromatograms and IR spectra with the authentic specimens. This result suggests a wide distribution of both I and II in molluscs. The remainder, which was similar to I and II in its ion exchange column chromatography and paper electrophoretic behaviors, was inferred to be L-threo-β-hydroxyaspartic acid (III) from the results of the elemental analysis and mass, NMR, ORD, and IR spectrometries. Its structure was also confirmed by comparison with the authentic specimen. This is the first report of III isolated from marine organisms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (263K) -
田口 武, 菊地 和夫, 田中 宗彦, 鈴木 康策1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 639-642
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe heat coagulation of mackerel myosin B was examined. The coagulation rate of myosin B decreased with the time of preincubation at 30°C and with the addition of pyrophosphate. The actin component was predominantly detected on the SDS-polyacrylamide gel of the coagulum. It was found that F-actins from mackerel, sazdine, and black marlin muscles gave a mazked coagulation near 60°C. The heat coagulation of F-actin was not affected by KCI ranging in concentration from 0.1 to 0.6M. At an acidic pH (5.4) a slight shift of the coagulation region toward lower tomperature occurred. The addition of myosin markedly suppressed the heat coagulation of F-actin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1012K) -
日高 磐夫, 大杉 正1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 643
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (90K) -
芳倉 太郎, 川合 真一郎, 小田 国雄1979 年 45 巻 5 号 p. 645
発行日: 1979/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (99K)
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