巻号一覧
46 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
江草 周三, 中島 健次1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1193-1198
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA description is given of a new species of myxosporidian parasite located in the musculature of the damselfishes Abudefduf sexfasciatus, A. vagiensis, Chromis isharai, C. notatus, Chrysiptera assimilis from Amami-Ohshima and Okinawa and the yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata from the Marine Ranch of the International Ocean Exhibition at Motobu, Okinawa. The name Kudoa amamiensis n. sp. is suggested for this parasite. The cysts are spherical to ellipsoidal, measure up to 5mm in diameter, have a thick wall of connective tissue and contain quadrangular spores which measure 4.5-5 μm in length, 5-6 μm in breadth and thickness. Observed in the scanning electron microscope the spores are characterized by the presence of short finger-shaped projections at the top and papillae on the inflated corners.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2643K) -
石田 行正, 田中 昌一1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1199-1202
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeasonal and annual population fluctuations of Rudarius ercodes in the Zostera bed in Odawa Bay were studied. A recruitment group of small sized fish occurred every summer and grew into large sized fish by spring of the following year. The number of catch per haul of each recruitment group was used as an index of relative population density. From the seasonal changes of this index, three peaks were observed in September-October, May-June, and August-September at the head of the bay and in October-November, April-May, and August-October at the mouth of the bay. In winter only a few individuals stayed at the monuth and none at the head of the bay, although they were distributed in both areas in other seasons. From the change of the number per haul of three recruitment groups at each peak, it was found that the great annual population fluctuation at the first peak decreased gradually and the population level approached about 100 individuals per haul at the third peak. These facts suggest the possiblilty of movement in and out of the bay and some process of population regulation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (285K) -
渡辺 翼, 佐野 正安, 石田 義文, 水沢 裕子, 道川 正則1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1203-1209
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA continuous cell line was established from the embryonated eggs of chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, using conditioned medium, the filtered supernatant of rainbow trout gonadal cell line, RTG-2. It took 10 days in primary culture, 87 and 25 days in secondary and tertiary culture, respectively, and 7-10 days since fourth culture to form confluent cell sheets at 20°C. The cell line, designated SE, has been subcultured 150 times over the period of 3 years.
The cell line consists of fibroblastic spindle shaped cells and multiplies in an unrestrained fashion to form piled up colonies. Electron microscopically, desmosomes were often seen between two adjacent cells. And, numerous mitochondria were observed arround nuclei. The chromosome number of the cells was ranging from 53 to 79. This cell line has very wide permissible temperature range of 4-25° for growth.
SE cells had the lowest sensitivity to infectious pancreatic nectosis virus in four tested salmonid cell lines, RTG-2, YNK, and IK, which was originally established from the kidney of Iwana, Salvelinus leucomaeins, in our laboratory. And SE cells had as much sensitivity against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus as those of RTG-2 and YNK cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2112K) -
中村 薫1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1211-1215
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs reported previously, peculiar cells were detected in the supraoesophageal ganglion of the prawn. These cells contained a granular substance, resernbling a grain of rice in shape. Histochemical exmination under light microscope revealed that the substance was PAS-positive. The present study by electron microscopy deals with the ultrastructure and the re-identification of the cytochemical character of this substance. The results obtained from this study are as follows. 1) The granular substance possesses no limiting membrane and seems to have a polysaccharide character, because of positive reaction to silver proteinate. 2) Internally and peripherally, there exist many cored or granular vesicles, which are suggested to be functionally associated with Golgiapparatus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3250K) -
日野 明徳, 平野 礼次郎1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1217-1222
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe maximum size of particles ingested by Brachionus plicatilis was investigated by the use of an automatic blood cell counter. The rotifer used in this experiments was determined to be var. spatiosus based on consideration of their dorsal lorica length. Dried and powdered activated sludge was utilized for simulating food particles. The size of the particles was expressed in terms of the diameter of a sphere of the same volume. Food particles were counted into twelve size sections between 29.5 μm and 13.6 μm, and the maximum one among those sections where particles were decreased through the filtering of rotifers was denoted as Smax. The lower end of Smax was assumed to be the maximum ingestable size. After obtaining the filtering rate (I) by all individuals and the one (Ia) only in Smax, Is/I was calculated, which indicates the proportion of experimented rotifers having contributed to the clearance in Smax. Then, the individuals which ingests the particles of the lower end of Smax as the maximum igestable particles corresponds to the 100(Is/I)th individual from the larger end among a hundred rotifers drawn randomly at the termination of an experiment. From the total ten experiments, a regression line Y=0.0896X-0.033, (r=0.94) was obtained between the lorica length (X μm) of the aforesaid animal and the maximum diameter (Y μm) of particles ingested.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (418K) -
本田 晴朗1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1223-1225
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt was demonstrated that male loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, were able to discriminate post-ovulatory females from pre-ovulatory ones on the basis of a chemical cue.
Some important aspects derived from the experiments are listed as follows; 1. Post-ovulatory females released a sex pheromone, which males detected by olfaction.
2. The female sex pheromone was present in the ovaries and the genital cavity fluid of postovulatory females.
3. The effect of the female sex pheromone on males lasted less than 3 h after ovulation.
4. The female sex pheromone played roles such as informing males of the occurrence of ovulation, attracting males, and eliciting persistent courtship of males.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (200K) -
酒本 秀一, 米 康夫1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1227-1230
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo clarify a principal source of deposited lipid in phosphorus deficient red sea bream, Chrysophrys major, the effect of dietary phosphorus level on the absorption of dietary lipid and the effects of dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels on lipid content of the carcass were examined.
The absorption of dietary lipid showed a similarly high value in all groups without regard to dietary phosphorus level. Phosphrous deficient fish on diets with and without carbohydrates, stored lipid abundantly, but those on diets lacking lipid did not. Furthermore, fatty acid composition of deposited lipid in the adipose tissue was similar to that of dietary lipid.
From these findings, it was presumed that dietary lipid was not well utilized as energy source and gradually accumulated in phosphrous deficient fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (301K) -
山田 和雄, 米 康夫, 小林 邦男1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1231-1233
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー[1-14C] 18:3 ω3 was administered to red sea bream, black sea bream, opaleye, stripped mullet, and rainbow trout, after 3 months of pre-feeding with a diet containing pollack liver oil. On the 6th day after administration, the distribution of radioactivity in the tissue fatty acids was examined. The radioactivity of 22:6 ω3 fraction exhibited 14.5% and 3.6% of total activity in rainbow trout, but 4.9%-0.9% in marine fishes.
From this finding, it is supposed that the slow conversion of 18:3 ω3 to 22:6 ω3 which is an essential fatty acid, in marine fishes is a cause of the difference observed in the essential role of 18:3 ω3 between marine fishes and rainbow trout.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (249K) -
藤井 建夫, S. BAMBANG BASUKI, 戸沢 晴巳1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1235-1240
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe chemical and microbiological analyses of patis (fish sauce) and bagoong (fish paste) produced in the Philippines were carried out. The composition of patis was as fallows: pH 5.1, ash 22.5%, water content 66.2%, NaCl 29.1%, total nitrogen 1550mg/100ml, volatile basic nitrogen 151mg/100ml, trimethylamine 14.9mg-N/100ml, hydrogen sulfide 130ng/ml, and viable cell count 4.5×103 cells/ml. The composition of bagoong was as follows: pH 5.2, ash 22.8%, water content 61.6%, NaCl 30.2%, total nitrogen 1450mg/100ml (supernatant liquid) and 2290mg/100ml (fish paste), volatile basic nitrogen 175mg/100ml, trimethylamine 15.2mg-N/100ml, hydrogen sulfide 11.5ng/ml, and viable cell count 6.5×103 cells/ml. The classification of bacteria at the genus level was performed on 40 strains isolated from bagoong. The dominant flora were Bacillus, Micrococcus and Moraxella, some of which can grow well on the medium containg more than 20% NaCl.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (356K) -
藤井 建夫1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1241-1243
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe chemical and microbiological analyses of kusaya gravy were carried out on samples obtained from manufactures at Shikinejima (sample L) and Kozujima (sample NB) Islands.
The compositions of the gravy L and NB were as follows, respectively: pH, 7.16 and 7.52; NaCl concentraion, 5.49% and 5.14%; total nitrogen, 440.7 and 430.9mg/100ml; volatile basic nitrogen, 282.2 and 300.9mg/100ml; trimethylamine, 0.39 and 0.40mg-N/100ml; and viable bacterial counts, 1.3×108 and 1.5×108 cells/ml.
The classification of bacteria at the genus level was performed on 26 strains from gravy L and 17 strains from gravy NB. The dominant flora of the gravy L were Corynebacterium (58%) followed by Moraxella and Pseudomonas; while the dominant flora of the gravy NB were Corynebacterium (35%), Pseudomonas (29%) and Spirillum (24%). These Corynebacterium formed very minute colonies on nutrient agar plate containing 2.5% NaCl.
From the above results, the main characteristics of the gravy of Shikinejima and Kozujima Islands were thought to be similar with those of Niijima, Oshima and Miyakejima Islands.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (235K) -
上村 俊一1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1245-1248
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAccumulation profile of copper and zinc in the mid-gut gland of cultured scallop was analysed statistically with reference to their ambient level. The levels of both copper and zinc found in the mid-gut gland increased as the organ weight increased, and a linear relationship was observed. The coefficient of the correlation eas characteristic with their ambient level. It was confirmed that the profile analysis of the heavy metals accumulation in the midgut gland is useful for estimating a trend of their level in the environment.And also cultured scallop could be a suitable indicator organism for environmental monitoring, which has been suggested in the previous paper.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (239K) -
坂田 泰造, 柿本 大壱, 杉田 治男, 光岡 知足, 門田 元1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1249-1255
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEnumeration and isolation of obligate anaerobes from the intestines of freshwater fish were undertaken using various media and anaerobic culture methods. NBGT modified (NBGT-1/3S) was found to be the most useful medium in selection of obligate anaerobes from freshwater fish. Obligate anaerobes were commonly present in the intestines of various freshwater fish and showed a range of viable counts on NBGT-1/3S agar from 106 to 109 per gram of intestinal contents. Obligate anaerobes were predominant over facultative anaerobes especially in the intestines of Tilapia fish and ayu among the fish samples tested. Using EG and NBGT-1/3S agar, two types of bacteria which belong to the family Bacteroidaceae were isolated from various freshwater fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (507K) -
田川 昭治1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1257-1259
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn aqueous extract from a brown seaweed, Hizikia fusiforme, was partially purified by benzene-extraction after being treated with alcohol for removal of polysaccharides. The extract was then subjected to strong-acid cation-exchange chromatography which consisted of a sercial connection of two columns of AG 50W×12. There arsenic fractions corresponding to the reference arsenate, arsenite and methylarsonate were obtained by elution of the column, with M/20 hydrochloric acid. Elution of the short column, taken apart from the long column, with 1.5M aqueous ammonia gave an additional arsenic fraction corresponding to the reference dimethylarsinate. These fractions were chromatographed on cellulose thin layer with a variety of solvent systems after being purified by gel filtration chromatography on Bio Gel P-2. By the t.l.c and co-t.l.c with the reference arsenicals, they were confirmed to be arsenate, arsenite, methylarsonate and dimethylarsinate, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (239K) -
須山 三千三, 小林 博文1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1261-1264
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFree amino acids and quaternary ammonium bases were analyzed in the mantle muscle extracts of eight species of the squids, such as Todarodes pacificus, Ommasterphes bartrami, Nototodarus sloani gouldi, N. sloani sloani, Illex argentinus, Loligo opalescens, Sepia esculenta, and S. pharaonis. Among the compounds analyzed, glycine, alanine, proline, arginine, octopine, taurine, trimethylamine oxide, and betaine were found in relatively large amounts in the muscles, but the distribution patterns of these compounds differed from species to species. The non-enzymatic browning of seasoned-dried foods prepared with the muscle of Ommastrephes bartrami has been said to be remarkable as compared to that of Todarodes pacificus, and it was assumed from this study that one of the causes is attributable to the abundance of arginine and glycine in the muscle of Ommastrephes bartrami.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (326K) -
小林 隆輔, 塩見 一雄, 山中 英明, 菊池 武昭1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1265-1268
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーArsenic contents were determined in the tissues and the muscle of monkfish, Kathetostoma giganetum; English hake, Merluccius austrails; and Hoki, Macrurouns novaezelandidae. Tissues that were examined included liver, kidney, spleen, stomach, intestine, gall, heart and gill, and the muscles were divided into 14-16 sections to investigate the distribution of arsenic. In monkfish arsenic contents were higher in the muscle being 5.6-25.4 ppm than in the tissues, and the arsenic concentration in the dorsal muscle was about twice that in the ventral muscle. Much less arsenic was found in the English hake and little difference was found amongst the tissues and the muscle. Hoki contained more arsenic in the tissues than in the muscle; concentrations were 13.4 and 14.6 ppm in liver and gall, respectively. In the muscle, 61-96% of total arsenic was found in the fraction extracted with 5% perchloric acid; there other fractions, water-soluble protein, salt-soluble protein and fat fractions shared the rest. In contrast, the liver of Hoki contained as high as 38% of arsenic in the fat fraction, although the fraction extracted with perchloric acid contained the largest percentage at 56%. No correlation was observed between body weight of monkfish and arsenic concentraitons.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (273K) -
武田 登, 山口 勝巳, 橋本 周久1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1269-1272
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSome attmepts were made to decolorize the dark muscle of mackerel Pneumatophorus japonicus japonicus and Sardine Sardinops melanosticta which is responsible for the undesirable dead color of their meat products.
Preliminary experiments showed that mackerel myolgobin is readily dissolved in a HCl-ethanol mixture among many organic solvents tested. In the next place, the dark muscle of each fish was homogenized and extracted with HCl-ethanol mixtures of different proportions under various conditions. Results showed that the pigment present in the dark muscle can be extracted best with a HCl-ethanol mixture (1:99 by volume) for 30-60min. The amount of extracted pigment tended to increase at higher temperatures as far as the range that was covered (-20°C-+40°C) was concerned.
Color differencemetric analysis showed that the dark muscle thus decolorized elicits a Hunter's whiteness of 26.4 (mackerel) and 30.5 (sardine), clearly higher values than 11.2-11.8 (mackerel) and 13.8-17.9 (sardine) of the dark muscle washed repeatedly with water or a 0.2% NaHCO8-0.15% NaCl mixture.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (266K) -
野口 玉雄, 上田 要一, 尾上 義夫, 河野 迪子, 小山 絹江, 橋本 周久, 妹尾 芳郎, 三島 進1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1273-1277
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA canning technique has been appiled to detoxify paralytic shellfish posin (PSP) infested scallops.
Toxic specimens of the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis from Funka Bay, Hokkaido, were dissected into three parts-adductor muscle (averaged toxicity, 2MU/g), digestive gland (102MU/g) and others (11 MU/g). Each part was processed according to two standard procedures in Japan, and the toxicity to mice was assayed at each processing step. The Canadian standard procedures were also employed as a retoring step.
All caaned products were found to lose most of the toxicity during retorting (110°C, 80min, or 122°C, 22min) whereas heating (70°C, 20min) followed by washing was less effective to reduce the toxicity below the quaratine limit of 4MU/g. There was no significant difference in retorting effect between the Japanese and Candian standard procedures.
These results indicate that canning might be a useful means to make the PSP infested shellfish acceptable as food since PSP has been efficiently destroyed through this process.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (355K) -
天野 秀臣, 野田 宏行, 堀口 吉重1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1279-1282
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー“Hoshinori”, or dried sheet made of the laver Porphyra spp., turns into appetizing green when roasted. The green color usually remains for many days when moistened with seasoned vinegar for “sushi” but, depending upon lots of “yakinori”, changes into unfavorable reddishbrown withim a few hours. In order to elucidate the mechanism of this phenomenon called “iromodori” (a kind of discoloration), some examinations were made.
A clear difference was noticed by opal glass spectrophotometry between “iromodori discolored yakinori” and normal “yakinori”: The former exhibited absorption maxima at around 490 and 550 nm, both of which were completely absent in the latter. The responsible pigment was extracted with 8M urea from “iromodori discolored yakinori”, and purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The pigment thus obtained exhibited an absorption spetrum having maxima at 495 and 456 nm. It was found by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis that the subunit molecular weight of the pigment is about 20, 000. For comparison, some experiments were performed on photosynthetic biliproteins from the laver, and phycoerythrin was found to give comparable results when denatrued.
It was concluded therefore that in some lots of “yakinori”, phycoerythrin may have been denatured by unknown reason(s) to much larger extent than in normal lots, resulting in “iromodori discoloration” of the former lots of “yakinori”.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1065K) -
田口 武, 渡部 伸夫, 田中 宗彦, 木村 茂, 鈴木 康策, 斎藤 朝治, 大内 正治1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1283-1285
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe aggregate rection of canned mackerel hiquids with PCA was examined in connection with the qualities of the canned product. The results showed that the intensities of aggregation turbidity caused by PCA to the liquid trubidity closely corresponded to the sensory scores. The excellent grades exhibited a high turibidity, while in the poor ones showed a low turbidity. The proteins aggregated by PCA in the liquid portion, judging from the chromatographic properties and amino acid compositions, apperaed to be of relatively high molecular weight components, but were not heat-solube collagens.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (189K) -
森 勝美, 信濃 晴雄, 秋場 稔1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1287-1292
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe salted and ripened squid meat product “Ika-Shiokara” was prepared by adding 10% sodium chloride and 5% liver juices by weight. The histological changes of fluid and meat parts of the “Ika-Shiokara” during the ripening process at 25°C were observed.
On the 4th day after the preparation of “Ika-Shiokara”, all the 4 layers of the integument of squid meat broke down andd became unclear, and dissolution of many kinds of matter from muscle into the fluid was obeserved accompanied with a cutting phenomenon of muscle fibers. Concerning the bacteria, existence of cocci was evidently confirmed in the fluid and parts of the tissue of the integument, but not as yet in the meat muscle during the ripening stage. From the 28th day, cocci were able to be seen gradually in the parts of the meat muscle.
As a result, main places for growth of cocci in “Ika-Shiokara” were concluded to be the fluid and the part of the integument throughout the ripening process.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2155K) -
大和田 紘一, Paul S. TABOR, Rita R. COLWELL1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1293
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (112K) -
木村 茂, 武馬 吉則, 久保田 穣1980 年 46 巻 10 号 p. 1295
発行日: 1980/10/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (894K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|