巻号一覧
46 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の19件中1～19を表示しています
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アワビの各器官に含まれる色素の特性田島 迪生, 池森 雅彦, 新崎 盛敏1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 517-522
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMethanol extractable pigments from the various organs of young and matured abalones were analysed with spectrophotometry and two dimensional paper chromatography.
Chlorophyll α, chlorophyll c, fucoxanthin and neofucoxanthin were found commonly both on the chromatograms of the juvenile abalone shells, Haliotis discus hannai, and those of diatoms fed to abalones. In addition, β-carotene was detected in the diatoms, and carotenes, pheophytin α and yellow pigments were detected in the shells.
Pheophytin a, unknown green and yellow pigments were detected in the viscera of the abalones which were cultivated with green alga, Ulva pertusa.
In the case of matured abalones, β-carotene was the main pigment in the muscle. Carotenes, pheophytin α and unknown green pigments were detected in the testis and 50% methanol from the ovary.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (346K) -
温度変化によるストレス反応石岡 宏子1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 523-531
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe stress reactions in marine fish were studied in determining the effects of the temperature changes on the haematology of the red sea bream, Chrysophrys major TEMMINCK et SCHLEGEL.
Thermal stress induced the phase where the increase of haemoglobin content, haematocrit value, serum cortisol level and glucose level was observed. On the other hand, cold stress caused the decrease of haemoglobin content and haematocrit value, while a rise of cortisol level and hyperglycemia were observed. To clarify the phases of stress reactions in the fish, the cluster analysis was examined through the use of the Euclidean distances calculated by 3 variables; haematocrit value, glucose level and serum sodium level. It was considered there were 4 phases which contained the control phase, the pre-reactive phase where the sodium level had slightly fallen, the reactive phase where glucose and haematocrit values were significantly higher and the exhausitive phase which was accompanied by a significant increase in serum sodium level.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (610K) -
ワクチンのベントナイト添加とpH調整の必要性伊丹 利明, 楠田 理一1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 533-536
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDifferences in efficacy among bentonite-added and/or pH-adjusted vaccines for spray vaccination against vibriosis in cultured ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis were investigated. Vibrio anguillarum, the etiological agent of vibriosis in ayu, was incubated in nutrient broth with shaking for 96 hat 25°C. Then the culture was inactivated with 0.5% formalin for 24h at 20°C. Five kinds of vaccine used in this study were GOULD'S vaccine, bentonite-added vaccine, pH-adjusted vaccine, formalin-killed vaccine and cell-free vaccine. Experimental groups of fish placed in dip net were sprayed with these vaccines at a pressure of 5kg/cm2 for 5-7 seconds by the sand blasting gun positioned 20-25cm from fish. The artificial water-borne challenge with virulent V. anguillarum was carried out two weeks after vaccination.
All except the cell-free vaccine were highly effective. From the experimental result the formalin-killed vaccine was also effective as well as GOULD'S vaccine; it can be concluded that it is not necessary to add bentonite or to adjust pH of spray vaccine for the control of vibriosis in cultured ayu. All the fishes sprayed with cell-free vaccine died two days after that of the control. This might indicate that cell-free vaccine contains the soluble antigens, which play a part in the protection of the pathogenic infection to some extent. Increase in agglutinating antibody titers of fish sera was observed in neither the immunized fish nor the control.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (495K) -
鎌谷 明善, 上野 康弘1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 537-542
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA study of the aerobic decomposition of two different phytoplankton assemblages from Tokyo Bay was conducted under the thermostated-dark conditin in an attempt to study the rate and extent of regeneration of phosphorus and silicon. The mechanisms for P and Si regeneration could be described by a simple first-order equation, and the process divided into two stages. In the first stage 70-80% of the biogenous-P regenerated and the remaining which was considered to be refractory and resistant, underwent slow biochemical oxidation in the second stage. The labile parts of biogenous silica differed not only from one sample to another but also from one portion to another portion on the same silica wall. Sitica dissolution rate constant at the first stage was 0.5-8×10-2 day-1, which was 10 to 30 times smaller than that for the acid-cleaned silica walls.The silica dissolution rate constant at the first stage increased about 2.3 times corresponding to a rise in temperature of 10°C and the activation energy was extimated to be about 14.1 kcalmol-1. The ratio of reactive Si to P increased exponentially as regeneration proceeded.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (458K) -
クロアワビとエゾアワビの電気游動像の相異藤野 和男, 佐々木 喜代志, ウイルスキンス Ｎ．Ｐ．1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 543-548
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーComparison of electrophoretic patterns of 11 enzymes and myogen disclosed that the presence or absence of the three loci, among 19 loci examined, encoding sorbitol dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, and malate dehydrogenase can be the key characters for identifying H. discus, H. discus hannai, and their hybrids, that can not be distinguished clearly by the morphological traits each other.Application of the key characters exhibited polymorphic structure within the hybrids and uncovered the sympatric distribution of the three groups of the abalones, two parental varieties and their hybrids, in the waters of Oga, Akita and Yuki, Tokushima Prefectures sampled, Possible usefulness of the key characters in predicting and evaluating an outcome of inter-species-hybridi-zation in breeding science and the significance of the dynamic features of the sympatric occurrence of the three groups of the abalones in the ecological genetics were discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2450K) -
フォスフォ・グルコムターゼ酵素変異型の間にみられる耐熱性の差異ウイルキンス Ｎ．Ｐ．, 藤野 和男, 佐々木 喜代志1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 549-553
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーElectrophoretic analysis of shell-muscle extracts from the Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai Ino, indicated polymorpjhism with the autosomal five codominant alleles at phosphoglucomutase (Pgm) locus. The locus in the species appeared to be homologous to that in H. discus Reeve and the hybrids between the two varieties, In H. discus hannai, allele frequency difference was seen between the samples collected from Yuki, Tokushima Prefecture and the other localities: Okushiri in Hokkaido, Oga in Akita Prefecture, and Sanriku in Iwate Prefecture. Heating experiments of either tissue extracts before electrophoresis or gel after electrophoresis under the conditions of 55°C for 12min disclosed thermostability differences, called heat-sensitive and heat-resistant types, within each electrophoretic allozyme at Pgm locus. The thermostability determinant locus appeared to reside at the Pgm structural locus. A greater frequency of occurrence of heat-sensitive allele in the samples of H. discus hannai from colder waters than warm water and a higher frequency of heat-sensitive allele in H. discus, the warm water animal, than in H. discus hannai, the cold water animal, in the samples from Oga, Akita Prefecture, which is believed to be near the northern extremity of habitats of H. discus on the coast of Japan Sea, thus strongly suggested an existence of differential viabilities among the thermostability variants.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1835K) -
梶原 忠彦, 小玉 一哉, 畑中 顕和1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 555-557
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOctatrienes, 1, 3, 5- and 2, 4, 6-octatrienes (sarohornene) in the matured female receptacles, were first identified as attractants of male-gamete of a dioecious brown marine alga, Sargassum horneri by comparison of mass and UV spectra, and GLC retention times with those of synthetic specimens.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2268K) -
堀 貫治, 山本 孝弘, 宮沢 啓輔, 伊藤 啓二1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 559-562
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFrom the red alga, Ahnfeltia paradoxa, a new quaternary amine derivative of an empirical formula, C11H17NO4S, was isolated. The chemical structure of this compound was identified as candicine O-sulfate [p-(2-trimethylaminoethyl) phenol O-sulfate] by chemical analysis, UV spectrum and synthesis. The occurrence of candicine O-sulfate was first demonstrated in natural source. The toxicity of candicine O-sulfate to mice was also examined.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (314K) -
外山 健三, 井手本 貢, 中田 誠, 青江 弘1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 563-570
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn Japan, the price of the fish meal is customarily estimated mostly by the total nitrogen contents of the products. So, considerably “ higher ” amount of fish solubles than that of usual “ whole meal ” process has been pervailingly added back to the press cake in the industry. Such excessive addition of solubles, however, would bring about some problems of the detrimental effects on the qualities of the products, since the nutritive values of some fish solubles components are considered inferior to those of ordinary fish meals.
Accordingly, 20 domestic fish meals and 1 foreign meal were analysed. The results obtained are as follows.
1) Irrespective of the addition of fish solubles, very low moisture content and remarkably high fat content were observed.
2) The water-soluble nitrogen in the “ higher ” whole meals comprised about 23% of the total nitrogen, showing a fairly increase in this fraction.
3) Non-protein nitrogen in the “ higher ” whole meals was approximately 30% of the total nitrogen, which was a bount 3 times of that in the ordinary meals.
4) The excessive addition of solubles markedly lowered the Essential Amino Acid Indices of the meals as well as the chemical scores, indicating that the striking deterioration of the nutritional qualities of fish meals had occured.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (561K) -
木村 郁夫, 高城 茂展, 高橋 康弘, 新井 健一1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 571-581
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーActomyosin (AM), when submitted to tryptic digestion, yielded fragments which remained bound to actin. The fragments were separated from actin by high concentration of ATP-Mg and collected in the supernatant by centrifugation
When digestion of AM was conducted at 25°C for 10 min using trypsin in an amount of 1/200 (w/w) relative to AM, the enzymatically active fragments were isolated from yellowfin tuna AM. In the case of the enzymic activity of the fragments from carp AM was reduced even when the amount of trypsin was varied from 1/200 to 1/10, 000 (w/w) relative to AM. The fragments thus obtained were characterized by its enzymic activity, actin-binding properties, and chromatographic profile on Sephadex G-200.
The proteolysis at 10°C instead of 25°C for 10 min using trypsin in an amount of 1/200 (w/w) relative to AM, was found to be favorable in priparing the enzymatically active fragments from carp AM. The fragments were further purified by salting with (NH4)2SO4 in the presence of 10mM ATP-Mg and then characterized by its enzymic activity, kinetic parameters (Vmax and Ka) of ATPase in actin activation, chromatographic profile on Sephadex G-200, and sedimentation constant
It was thus shown that these fragments from yellowfin tuna and carp AM's were similar to heavy meromyosins from rabbit and skipjack tuna myosins, which have already been reported.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1785K) -
血漿のエステル化コレステロールとLCAT活性の関係万倉 三正, Darwin DALIMUNTHE, 鹿山 光1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 583-586
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn five animals, blue crab, crayfish, carp, rat and man; their plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activities were determined from the aspect of comparative biochemistry. The activities of mammalian blood plasma are much higher than those of carp blood and crustacean haemolymph plasma. Moreover, it was found that there is an apparent linear relationship between the LCAT activities and the ratios of cholesterol ester to total cholesterol. But the ratios of triglycerides to total lipids do not correlate with the LCAT activities, differing from the case of the diabetic mellitus patients. Therefore, it is probable that the plasma esterifying rate of cholesterol is governed by the ratios of cholesterol ester/total cholesterol, and it seems that plasma esterofied cholesterol increases with the evolution of animals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (230K) -
松居 正己, 大島 寛史, 河端 俊治1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 587-590
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA total of 20 commercial fish and shellfish products consisting of 11 fish species were analyzed before and after broiling on a city gas range for carcinogenic N-nitrosamines by using a nitrosamine specific detection technique (chemiluminescence detection). The mean concentration of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in 15 uncooked fish products except dried squids was found to be 2.4μg/kg, and the maximum value found was 9.4μg/kg. The levels of nitrosamines in these products increased remarkably upon broiling, and the average value of NDMA of gas-broiled samples was 6.4μg/kg, and the maximum value found was 26.1μg/kg. The NDMA content of 5 uncooked dried squids ranged from 15.4μg/kg to 84.0μg/kg, with an average value of 46.3μg/kg; in contrast, those in gas-broiled squids ranged from 23.6μg/kg to 313μg/kg, with an average value of 130.2μg/kg. Minute quantities of N-nitrosodiethylamine were detected when “akodai” fillets preserved in “sake” -less were broiled; in addition, N-nitrosopyrrolidine was detected when dried squid samples were broiled on a gas range or even broiled on an electric range. Covering fish products with aluminum foil or broiling them on an electric range was found to be effective in decreasing NDMA formation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (326K) -
鈴木 健, 須山 三千三1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 591-597
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChanges in free amino acids and their related compounds as well as those in the amino acid compositions of whole peptides and phosphopeptides in the trichloroacetic acid extrct during development of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, were determined. The amount of the free amino acids and their related compounds increased during development, and some variations of the composition were found: the concentrations of glycine, alanine, histidine, taurine, anserine, and creatine increased appreciably, while those of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and gluamine decreased until hatching followed by the increass in the sac fry stage. The level of conjugated amino acids showed little change, but the composition of those amino acids of the whole peptides varied considerably throughout development. As has already been shown, the unfertilized eggs contained phosphopeptides, and the amount obtained by cation exchange column chromatography of the extracts dropped rapidly, while that by precipitation with 90% ethanol dropped and then rose gradually. The changes in the amino acid compositions of both the phosphopeptides resembled each other in which the decrease of serine, arginine, aspartic acid, etc. and the increase of glycine were notable, but the ethanol precipitates obtained in the later stages seemed to contain non-nitrogenous compoundes because the nitrogen content and the recovery of conjugated amino acids decreased in spite of the increased amount of precipitate. From the changes in serine and phosphorus, it is probable than the phosphopeptides are utilized as a supplier of phosphorus for the fry.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (521K) -
培養細胞の性状と継代技法について中田 実, 堀内 三津幸, 甲賀 清美1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 599-606
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe main characteristics and efficient subculturing techniques of ovary cells from eel, Anguilla japonica, were clarified in this study.
Five female eels were respectively used to start primary culture. The ovaries were digested for 30 minutes at 24°C with pronase-P (0.01% in Eagle's MEM) on magnetic stirrer followed by pipetting. The cell suspension was pooied in cold calf serum(CS)immediately after each digestion. After taht the resultant cells were washed three times with Earle's BSS by centrifugation, the cells were seeded into glass bottle with Eagle's MEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum(FBS). The cells were cultivated at 24°C or 28°C under static and rubber-stoppered condition.
Primary monolayers became confluent in 1 to 3 days. The pimary cells were mainly epithelial-like, as the subcultivation passed fibroblast-like cells became dominant. The cells grew optimally at 34°C. At 10°C and 15°C the cells grew scarcely. At 37°C the cells remained viable for at least several days, but the number of cells decreased gradually. Eagle's MEM with FBS supported showed better growth than with CS. 10% FBS promoted better growth than 5% an 20% FBS. The supplement with tryptose phosphate broth in medium was somewhat inhibitory. The cells were uniformly dispersed by a short time of rinsing with 0.02%versen at room temperature followed by 5-10 minutes of treatment with 0.2% trypsin and 0.03% versen mixture at 37°C. The cells could be subcultivated 1.5-2 fold in 1-3 weeks at 24°C. A line designated EO-5(15-16 passage)multiplied 4 fold in 7-10 days at 34°C. The nuclei number of cells was successfully counted by the treatment of Sanford's reagents after immersing the cells with a volume of 0.02% versen. The cells could support the replication of IPNvirus, but not support the replication of IHN virus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1880K) -
関 伸夫, 大金 由夫, 渡辺 孝博1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 607-615
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe process of dererioration of the ordinary muscle of sardine, Sardinops melanosticta, during ice-storage was studied by the measurements of myofibrillar ATPase activities, subunit composition, and other properties
Myofibrillar EDTA-ATPase activity lost about 70% after 1 day-storage in ice. Ca2+-and Mg2+-ATPase activities decreased to 50%-40% of their initial levels after 6 day-storage, while Mg2+-ATPase activity in the presence of EGTA increased and then decreased. A similar change in ATPase activities was observed when the isolated myofibrils were stored in a solution at pH 6.0, whereas little change occurred in the ATPase activities at pH 7.0
Subunit composition of the myofibrellar proteins with exception of myosin showed little change during ice-storage, while some degradation of myosin heavy chain due to proteolysis was observed
A specific sarcoplasmic protein was insolubilized readily within the 1 day-storage of muscle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1800K) -
伊藤 慶明, 吉中 禮二, 池田 静徳1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 617-620
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe solubility in 8M urea solution (pH 8.5), of carp actomyosin gels formed with or without SH reagents, N-ethylmaleimide and p-chloromercuribenzoate, and the chromatographic patterns of 8M urea soluble fractions of these gels on CPG-10 column were examined in order to prove the participation of SH groups in intermolecular bonding during the gel formation of actomyosin.
It was found that the solubility of actomyosin decreased and the molecular weight of protein molecules increased during the gel formation. These changes were impairted to some extent by adding the SH reagents to actomyosin.
These findings indicate that SH groups are involved in changes to higher molecular weight of protein molecules during the gel formation, and also suggest the formation of SS bonds between protein molecules.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (291K) -
伊藤 慶明, 吉中 禮二, 池田 静徳1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 621-624
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of dethiothreitol treatment of 6M granidine HCL soluble fractions of carp actomyosin gels on the chromatographic pattern on CPG-10 2000 Å and Bio-Gel A-15 m columns was examined in order to prove the formation of intermolecular SS bonds during the gelformation
It was demonstrated that the polymeric molecules of protein were produced during the gelformation, and the polymeric molecules were depolymerized by treating with dithiothreitol.
On the basis of these findings, it is concluded that polymeric protein molecules in the gelare produced as a result of the rformation of intermolecular SS bnds during heating of actomyosin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (308K) -
福所 邦彦1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 625-629
発行日: 1980/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe most practical technique for the production of a copepod Tigriopus japonicus is a combination culture with a rotifer Brachionus plicatilis fed with baker's yeast.The present experiment was carried out to evaluate feeding ω-Yeast instead of baker's yeast as a food source for the establishment of more productive method.
Chlorella minutissima was cultured in outdoor 200 ton concrete tanks A and B (10×15m with water depth of 1.4m) which were fertilized in advance and seawater was added gradually to full amount with aeration, until the density of 97×105 cells/ml in A, 145×105 cells/ml in B were attained Tigriopus were seeded with the rotifers at the density of 15/l in A, 29 /l in B. Then ω-Yeast and baker's yeast were supplied to the tank A and B respectively at the rate of 1 g/1 million rotifers/day.Total amounts of Tigriopus harvested during 89-days experiment period (61 times) were 168.0kg, 81.5kg (60 times) and the maximum densities attained were 22, 048/l and 10, 100/l for tank A and B respectively. The maximum densities for rotifers were 169/ml and 46/ml. A ?? erage percentage of copepodites were 44% in tank A, but 36% in tank B during the experiment, while those of adults were nearly same (26%, 27%). The amount of yeast used for 1 kg production of Tigriopus were 5.1kg and 7, 5kg for tanks A and B respectivley.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (424K) -
1980 年 46 巻 5 号 p. 651
発行日: 1980年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (70K)
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