巻号一覧
46 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
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小長谷 庸夫1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 919-923
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe change of water temperature in the setnet fishing ground was measured on a small type telemetry system. In this system, signals of water temperature were transmitted as FM-FM radio waves and the signals received were discriminated and recorded at the base on land. The behavior of fish which entered the bagnet of the setnet was observed with a set of telesounders which was installed at the entrance of the bagnet in water.
During these observations, the water temperature in the setner fishing ground rose sud-denly and the echoes of yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata entering the bagnet appeared.
From the above fact, it was suggerted that there was a close relation between the change of water temperature and the approaching behavior of the yellowtail to the coast.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1078K) -
三浦 汀介1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 925-928
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThinking of the spectra analusis by the personal computer, the FFT (fast fourier transform) argorism was adapted for the personal computer.
Considering the availability, it was used for the analysis of the lure vibration.
For the experiment, two types of lure were prepared. One is the floating type (13cm) and the other is the joint type (9cm). They were streamed with 1.5m line (nylon) behind the transducer in the water recircle tank. And their tensions were measured and recorded on the analogue data recorder. After the experiment, analogue data were read by A/D converter to the computer.
According to the result, it appeared that their vibration had considerably a simple pattern of spectra and their mode of spectra had a high correlation with current speed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (874K) -
川村 軍蔵, 原 士郎1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 929-932
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe development of the optomotor reaction (OMR) in milkfish, from the larval, through the metamorphic, to the juvenile stage was observed. The period from the appearance of the pelvic fins until the complete disappearance of the finfold was named“metamorphic stage”. While the larvae showed strong rheotactic responses, their OMR was somewhat weak. It was clear that the OMR underwent a big change through the meramorphic stage, and became strong and almist perfect the juveniles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (246K) -
安田 公昭, 多賀 信夫1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 933-939
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo utilize marine bacteria for the cultivation of a rotifer, Brachious plicatilis MÜLLER, the bacterial strains available as food were screened. The experimental results showed that only two Pseudomonas strains (P-1, P-7) were available amoug various tested strains.
On the other hand, the results of mass-culture of ratifer, using the above two strains and the microbial flock produced by the method of IMAMURA and SUGITA, indicated that the strain P-7 was superior to the others; i. e., the rotifer population multiplied 4 times after 2 days and 6.5 times agter 3 days in the culture tank fed with the former strain, and the egg number carried by 100 rotifers in the tank was also higher then that in the other tanks fed with the others. Changing trends of the amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and NO2-N suggest that the multiplication of rotifer also depended on the regeneration rate of the nutrient matters dissolved in the culture tank.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (526K) -
浦和 茂彦, 室賀 清邦, 笠原 正五郎1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 941-947
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーNeoergasilus japonicus is a parasitic copepod which has been reported from various freshwater fisher in Asia and Europe.
In this study, a morphology of the species in nauplius stages is given from the results of a resring experiment.
According to the molts, the naupliar development of the species was divided into six stages like typical free-living copepods. They are capable of feeding throughout all the stages. The first maxi-lla appesrs in stage IV, and the rudimental first and second legs in stage VI. The second maxilla and the maxilliped are never found in any of the stages.
The result was compared with the descriptions of six other species of Ergasilidae in their deve-lopmental courses of nauplius stages, and some suspicion was cast on the results of the past workers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (411K) -
梨本 勝昭1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 949-954
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this study, rainbow trout was used as the experimental fish, and the dynamical swim-ming force of the fish stuck in a net was measured. The maximum swimming force was decided from a mean dynamical froce acting for four or five seconds. The maximum swimming force Fs (g) can be expressed as a function of the total length L(cm) as the following formula for rainbow trout shows:
Fs=0.00285L3 The maximum swimming speed which the fish can sustain for only four or five seconds and the maximum frequency of the tail beat under this condition were investigated using a simple hydrodynamic model, and considered on the basis of the experimental results of the maximum swimming speed. The maximum swimming speed Vmax over total length L and the maximum frequency of the tail beat Fmax independent of the fish size, can be expressed for rainbow trout as a function of total length L respectively as the following formulae show: Vmax/L=58.7/√L-23/L
Fmax=62.5/√L抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (431K) -
早瀬 茂雄, 田中 昌一1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 955-962
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1) Distribution and movement of embiotocid fishes around Odawa Bay, Kanagawa Prefecture, are examined on the basis of regular sampling of the tow net at fixed stations in the bay.
2) Regression analyses of the body depth on the body length show a clear difference between species and the classification of Embiotocidae proposed by ABE is adopted here.
3) Gravid females of three species of embiotocid fishes enter into the mouth area of the bay in February or March and juveniles of D. viridis and D. temmincki are born in the Zostera belt of the bay. After birth in May, juveniles and young gradually gather in the nursery ground around the Zostera belt in the inner parts of the bay.
4) Their habitats and distribution pattern of each species are somewhat different. D. viridis appears to be most closely related with the Zostera belt while N. ransonneti tends to stay in the mouth area of the bay for a relatively short period of time.
5) The habitats of females of these three species seem to be separated from males in the reproductive season and only gravid females tend to use the Zostera belt to find a suitable palce for the birth of young ones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (527K) -
小倉 通男, 有元 貴文, 井上 喜洋1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 963-966
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn experimental fishing was conducted at Sagami Bay in 1977, to study the catching mechanism of a bottom long-line. Twelve experiments were made, each having a different immersion time of the gear, and the relationships between the catch and immersion time were deternined. During the short period of time that followed the setting of the long-line, the quantity of demersal fish caught was large, but this started to change after approximately two hours and a steady decline was noted. This shows that the catch would not be expected to increase in proportion to the immersion time, beyond the feeding period of the fish. Escape, dislodgement from the hooks and attack by predators are factors that should be taken into consideration, if the long-line is allowed to stand in the water for a long period of time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (258K) -
吉水 守, 木村 喬久, 坂井 稔1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 967-975
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMasu salmon Oncorhynchus masou and chum salmon O. keta were cultured from the stages of the fertilized egg to spring fry, and were used to know when the normal intestinal microflora was established. The microbial viable counts and the microflora of the egg surface, yolk sac, body surface, digestive tract, and intesinal contents of sac fry, advanced fry, and fingering were investigated. Simultaneously ambient water and their diets were also investigated microbiologically.
The results obtained are summarized as follows.
1. The microbial viable counts on the surface of eggs were 103-106/g, and the microflora Flavobacterium/Cytophagaceae and Pseudomonas were dominant.
2. The yolk of alevin and sac fry were sterile, but from the body surface of sac fry 101-104/g viable microbial counts were obtained, the microflora were effected by the flora of ambient water, composed of Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium/Cytophagaceae, and Achromobacter.
3. The microbial voable counts in the whole digestive tract of sac fry and advanced fry were nil to 104/g, but the intestinal contents of advanced fry and fingering were 108-107/g. The microflora of the whole digestive tract of asc fry were effected by the flora of diet and ambient water, and were composed of Coryneforms and Pseudomonas. However, in later stages the microflora of the intestinal contents of advanced fry and fingering were mainly composed of Aeromonas as was the previous finding.
4. From. the above results it was assumed that the normal intestinal microflora of salmonids were established when the yolk was absorbed and the digestive tract was activated, at the stage of advanced fry.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (599K) -
H2Sによる底泥からのPの溶出石尾 真弥, 近藤 敬三1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 977-989
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSoluble sulfide such as hydrogen sulfide was made clear to be able to become the cause of the dissolution of phosphate ion from sea bottom mud. The phosphate which is capable of liberating phosphate ion from the bottom mud into water when met with soluble sulfide was examined and concluded to be ferric phosphate. Calcium hydroxide so interfered with the action of soluble sulfide as not to liberate phosphate ion from ferric phosphate in the bottom mud. The cause of the scarcity of red tide in ARIAKE bay was ascribed to the rapid tidal current which accelerate the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide in bottom mud by dispersing the bottom mud into water with sufficient oxygen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1035K) -
Sally Hudson ARNOLD, Robert J. PRICE, W. Duane BROWN1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 991-995
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA simplified method for measuring histamine formation in bacterial cultures is described. Histamine production by Proteus morganil, Proteus vulgaris and Hafnia alvei cultures isolated from spoiled skipjack tuna was measured under twelve environmental conditions. The highest histamine concentrations were found at 19°C and 30°C depending on the bacterial species and the environmental parameter. No histamine was formed at 1°C, indicating that the rapid cooling of tuna flesh to freezing temperatures may adequately suppress histamine formation. At 19°C and 30°C, the Proteus organisms at first formed high levels of histamine, much of which was subsequently destroyed; histamine concentrations in these cultures eventually stabilized at 150 to 200mg/100ml. These observations indicate that the concentration of histamine in tuna products may depend on an equilibrium between histamine production and destruction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (356K) -
秦 和彦, 金田 尚志1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 997-1000
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is known that carp fed autoxidized oil reveal poor growth, high mortality and characteristic muscular dystrophy called “ Sekoke ” disease. But it has not been clarified as to what is the main toxic substance in autoxidized oil. To determine the exact effect of autoxidized products, pure methyl linoleate hydroperoxide and secondary decomposition products were prepared, and a feeding experiment was carried out using carp for 120 days. The results indicate that both of these autoxi-dized oils induced muscular dystrophy, poor growth and inactivation of enzymes such as succinate dehydrogenase. The degree of their toxic effect was almost equal. In the group fed with methyl linoleate hydroperoxide, an increase of carbonyl compounds was observed in the lipids extracted from intestine and adipose tissue, although accumulation of peroxide was not recognized. These results suggest the conversion of lipid peroxide to carbonyl compounds in intestinal tissue.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (317K) -
関 伸夫, 高安 道郎, 國領 裕1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1001-1006
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe identigication of fish species by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of muscle proteins was reported previously. It is based on the species' characteristic patterns of myosin light chains. This paper describes a preparative method of myosin light chains from both raw and cooked fish.
Myosin light chains were extracted from defatted and dehydrated fish muscle with urea-2-mercaptoethanol solution at pH 8.0, and precipitated at pH 4.5 in 2M urea. The precipitate was dissolved at pH 7.0 and centrifuged. Myosin light chain-extract of the supernatant was further purified by the gel filtration on Sephadex G-100.
This preparative method could be applied to raw muscle and cooked products such as kamaboko, fish sausage, and canned fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3491K) -
豊水 正道, 花岡 研一1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1007-1010
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to predict lipid oxidation of the minced irdinary muscle during cold storage, the minced ordinary muscles of fatty and lean fish were stored at -5°C for four weeks and the extent of lipid oxidation was evaluated by TBA number (mg MA/kg muscle). On the other hand, homogenates of the fresh ordinary muscles with water (1:1) were incubated at 37°C for 2 h and at 5°C for 24 h without or with 40 ppm of Cu++and then TBA numbers were determined. The susceptibilities were expressed by TBA37°C-2h, TBAcu++-37°C-2h, TBA5°C-24h and TBAcu++-5°C-24h.
During the storage of the minced ordinary muscles, lipid oxidation proceeded in pacific mackerel and sardine, fatty fish, whereas hardly proceeded in plaice and carp, lean fish. Among these four susceptibilities, TBA37°C-2h bore an approximately linear relationship to lipid oxidation during the storage (r=0.96).
In various minced tissues of pacific mackerel, lipid oxidation proceeded during the storage in the following order of skin>viscera>dark muscle>ordinary muscle. In the round, although the same order was observed, lipid oxidation was markedly depressed and hardly proceeded in the tissues except the skin. Thus preferential lipid oxidation in the skin was demonstrated. These differences of lipid oxidation among the various tissues were not predicted by TBA37°C-2h of the tissues.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (279K) -
豊水 正道, 花岡 研一, 中村 孝1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1011-1017
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present study is concerned wity the pattern of lipid oxidation in the various tissues during the storage of fish in the round at -5°C and with the practical method to evaluate, in advance of the storage, a tendency of the fish to become rancid.
Preferntial lipid oxidation was observed in the skins during the storage of fatty fish such as pacific mackerel, sardine and horse mackerel. Difference in lipid oxidation among the various tissues was due not to their lipid contents and fatty acid compositions but to the stability of their extracted lipids; thus preferential lipid oxidation in the skins was attributed to the property of skin lipids liable to autoxidize. The susceptibilities of the fresh skins, TBA37°C-2h were low in comparison with those of other tissues owing to some physical protective action against lipid oxidation, however, they were enhanced during the storage. Homogenates of the fresh various skins were incubated at 60°C for 2h, and then their susceptibilities, TBA60°C-2h were measured. TBA60°C-2h was markedly enhanced in the skins. An approximately linear relationship existed in the skins between TBA60°C-2h and lipid oxidation during the storage (r=0.93). Thus a tendency toward lipid oxidation in both lean and fatty fish was able to be predicted in advance of the storage by measuring TBA60°C-2h of the fresh skins.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (415K) -
小長谷 史郎1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1019-1026
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーNumerous spores of a myxosporidian parasite, tentatively classified as the genus Kudoa, were found in many of the muscle spcimens of the yellowfin sole Limanda aspera which were caught in the Bering Sea.
The muscle infected heavily with the parasite, displayed a considerably high protease activity. Such muscle was observed to be easily jellified when left standing at room temperature.
Two types of protease occurred in the heavily infected muscle, one designated protease A hydrolyzing hemoglobin optimally at PH 3 and the other designated protease B casein optimally at PH 6.5 under the conditions applied. Protease B activity was not always detected in less infected muscles. The muscle containing both proteases was jellified very rapidly. Both protease activities were strongly inhibited by Hg+2, PCMB or leupeptin, indicating them to be of thiol enzyme.
It was concluded from these results that the proteases were produced by the parasite and responsible for the jellification of the muscle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3703K) -
鈴木 満平1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1027-1030
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe blood from young specimens of the Antarctic hemoglobin-free fish, Neopagetopsis ionah belonging to Chaenichyidae, was analyzed for the protein components. The protein concentra-tions of the whole blood and the plasma were about 2.5 and 1.8g/100 ml, respectively; the former being only 10-20% compared to those of common fishes. Disc electrophoresis and autoradio-graphy using 59 Fe showed the presence of carbohydrate moieties in most of the protein components and the occurrence of transferrin in the blood protein.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1692K) -
尾上 義夫, 野口 玉雄, 橋本 周久1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1031-1034
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAttempts were made to search the cause of food poisoning in which 16 persons developed numbness in the mouth by ingestion the oyster Crassostrea gigas from Senzaki Bay, Yamaguchi Prefecture.
The midgut glands of the oyster collected from Senzaki Bay, soon after the poisoning (mid-Jan., 1979) were extracted with acidified 80% ethanol. The extract was defatted three times with chloroform, treated with activated charcoal, and then purified by chromatography on Bio-Gel P-2 and Bio-Rex 70. The toxic fractions obtained were analyzed by cellulose acetate strip electrophoresis and thin layer chromatography on silica gel . The results showed that the fractions contained gonyautoxins-1, 2, 3, and 5, together with saxitoxin and neosaxitoxin.
It was concluded from these results that the poisoning was caused by the paralytic shellfish poison which had accumulated in the oyster.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (254K) -
大島 敏明, 永山 文男1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1035-1042
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA catechol oxidase was isolated from the crude extract of the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, by a combination of ammonium sulfate treatment, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, and gel filtration on Sepharose 6B. The specific activity was increased about 36-fold from the supernatant of crude extract. The enzyme preparation was found to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel disc-electrophoresis. Optimum pH of the enzyme activity for catechol was found to be 6.5. Molecular weight of the enzyme was found to be 314, 000. One molecule was found to be composed of four subunits, and two of them had molecular weight of 75, 000 and the others 83, 000. Isoelectric point of the enzyme was pH 4.50. The activity was inhibited by potassium cyanide and sodium azide. Diethyldithiocarbamate did not inhibit the enzyme. The enzyme oxidized only a limited number of o-diphenols such as catechol and trihydroxy phenols such as pyrogallol. Monophenols such as L-tyrosine, the derivatives of L-tyrosine and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) were not oxidized by the krill enzyme. In this respect, the enzyme of the krill was considered to be not tyrosinase (EC 1.14. 18.1 )but catechol oxidase (EC 1. 10. 3. 1).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1144K) -
林 賢治, 高木 徹1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1043-1049
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーNeutral plasmalogens isolated fron the liver from the liver lipids of the deep-sea ratfish Hydrolagus novaeze-alandiae were identified by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. These compounds, which consisted of alk-l-enyl glyceryl ethers and fatty acids, amounted to 12.8% of the liver lipids. The component aldehydes released by acid catalyzed hydrolysis of the alk-1-enyl glyceryl ethers were mostly composed of saturates (53.9%) and monoenes (39.4%) of 14-22 carbon atoms: the major constituents were 18:0 (30.1%), 20:1 (27.2%), 16:0 (14.9%), and 18:1 (7.3%). The fatty acid composition of neutral plasmalogens consisted predominantly of monoenes (56.4%), composed chiefly of 18:1, 16:1 and 20:1 acids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (415K) -
今田 克, 安部 敏男1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1051
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (105K) -
楠田 理一, 川合 研児, 伊丹 利明1980 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 1053
発行日: 1980/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (96K)
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