巻号一覧
48 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の24件中1～24を表示しています
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由木 雄一1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 749-753
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to obtain information on the biology of Maulolicus meulleri in the south western waters of the Sea of Japan, a total of 1273 adults sampled from midwater trawl (at 35-180m) catches, and eggs and larvae collected by vertical hauls of Norpac net were investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows.
1. The frequency distributions of ovatian egg diameter suggest that spawning occurs all the year round, but there are two distinct peak seasons from March to May (spring) and from September to November (autumn) respectively, and it seems that the same fish spawn in the spring as well as in the autumn seasons.
2. Most of the females of Maurolicus muelleri attain sexual maturity at about 40mm in standard length.
3. Number of eggs in a single spawning of the fish ranges from about 120 to 490.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (328K) -
菅野 泰次1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 755-762
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe population structure of herring in the Okhotsk sea south of 46°N was studied using twenty samples collected from three feeding areas and four spawning areas, and the landings during 13 years in seventeen sections.
The relationship of ten samples caught in there feeding areas to spawning stocks were judged by discriminant analysis using VN, γ1, γ2 (see Table 2) as follows: four belong to DeKastri, three belong to Saroma, two mingle in DeKastri, Saroma, Notoro and one belongs to another subpopulation not described above.
Four factors which act upon the fluctuation of the landings on seventeen sections were extracted. Two factors had high correlations with the catches of Notoro district and Saroma district. The other two factors had high correlations with each of the landings on two domains in the near side and the far-off side of Hakkaido.
From these results, it is assumed that two subpopulations in the Notoro district and Saroma district are independent stocks not mixing with each other being localized in distribution, and a stock in a domain on the near side of Hokkaido is from the DeKastri subpopulation reproduced in the northern Tatal sound.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (638K) -
中村 將, 岩橋 正雄1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 763-769
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of the present investigation is to solve some practical problems concerning the complete masculinization in Tilapia nilotica by the oral administration of androgen with special regard to the size of fry at the start of treatment and to the dose of hormone. For this purpose, fry of each of three groups were daily fed on diets containing methyltestosterone (MT) at doses of 50 and 100 μg/g diet for 30 days starting on the day of capture, 5th and 10th day of capture from the pond rearing the adult fish. The complete masculinization of genetic female could be brought about in the 2 groups in which MT at dose of 50 and 100 μg/g diet was administered to fry (under 12.0mm in total length) for 30 days from the day of the capture, though a few ovaries were discernible in both groups on the 16th day after the end of treatment. Remaining 4 groups treated with the same doses of hormone for 30 days from the 5th and 10th day of the capture resulted in the occurrence of intersexual gonads and ovaries. In most cases, these inter-sexual gonads were ovarian in nature in the anterior region, while they were apparently testicular in the posterior region.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1478K) -
小栗 幹部1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 771-773
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn mammalian kidney the distal part of renal tubule returns to the vascular pole of its glomerulus, and is close to the glomerulus as macula densa, which is concerned with renin secretion. To investigate the situation in the holocephalian kidney, histological observations were made on the tissues of rabbitfish Chimaera monstrosa and ratfish Hydrolagus colliei. The results revealed that as in Elasmobranchii the distal segment of the renal tubule in Holocephali became contiguous to the vascular pole of the glomerulus, though no differentiation to macula densa was detectable. These findings in chondrochthyean kidney are marked contrast to those in osteichthyean kidney, where no such tendency is observable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1231K) -
御木 英昌, 菊川 浩行, 西元 諄一1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 775-779
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFinite element method (FEM) was applied to the analysis of three-dimensional heat conduction on freezing process of “ Kamaboko ”, which was used as a homogeneous model of marine foodstuff. In order to examine the accuracy of FEM, the numerical solution of FEM were compared with the analytical solutions by applying three-dimensional heat conduction equation. The numerical solutions were in good agreement with the analytical solutions when an adequate time step was chosen. When analyzing the freezing process of Kamaboko by the FEM, good apporoximations were obtained and the three-dimensional effect was rightly estimated. For the better agreement, a couple of following matters is found to be taken into account. Firstly, when freezing at-72°C, the freezing point of sample would be considered to be2°C lower than that of -18°C freezing. Secondly, heat transfer coefficient for still air freezing depends on the temperature difference between the medium and the material surface.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (301K) -
永田 進一1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 781-786
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBy the use of marine petroleum-degrading bacteria Flavobacterium sp. and Corynebacterium sp., the degradation rates of n-hexadecane (n-C16) and α-methylnaphthalene (α-MN) as representa-tives of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, respectively, were quantitatively examined through the analyses of gas-liquid chromatography. These two strains had no capability of degradation of α-MN even at the substrate concentration as low as 0.25ml/l, in spite of utilizing sufficiently n-C16 substrate as sole energy source of carbon. Such a poor ability of α-MN degradation, however, was improved, to some extent, in the presence of co-substrate, n-C16, only for Corynebacterium sp. Moreover, the cooxidation mechanism brought about a remarkable advance in n-C16 degradation at its higher ranges of initial concentrations, In addition, it may be plausible that the decomposi-tion of cetyl alcohol rather than that of palmitic acid is rate determining step for n-C18 degradation in the system studied.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (404K) -
村井 武四, 秋山 敏男, 能勢 健嗣1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 787-792
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA six week feeding study was carried out to elucidate the effects of casein coating on the utilization of crystalline amino acids (AAs) which had been supplemented to diets for carp and channel catfish fingerlings. The experimental diets were formulated to have similar essential amino acid (EAA) profiles, twtal AA contents, and other compositions to those of the control diet (25% casein and 10% gelatin). Both carp and catfish responded to the pH adjustment AA diet to a certain extent; coating the whole AA mixture with casein or the addition of 7.65% casein (total amount used to coat the mixture) to the AA mixture with pH adjustment improved growth and feed efficiency (FE) significantly in carp and almot four-fold in catfish. Addition of individually coated EAAs to gelatin instead of the uncoated EEAs improved growth and FE about four-fold in carp and almost three-fold in catfish. Also, addition of 2.5% casein (total amount used to coat the AAs) to gelatin with the uncoated EAAs improved growth and FE about three-fold in carp, but this treatment showed no significant effect in catfish. None of these treatment groups showed a performance comparable to that of the control groups. However, data from this study suggest that, in both species, utilization of an AA mixture could be improved by adding a certain amount of casein as well as couating the mixture with casein. Efficiency in utilization of EAAs supplemented to gelatin can be enhanced further by coating them individually with casein rather than by simply akking 2.5% casein.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (436K) -
石黒 鉄郎, 北嶋 勝房, 千葉 実, 藤沢 了二, 市川 文敏, 近藤 邦彦, 竹花 秀夫1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 793-798
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this study, short-necked clams were exposed to Cd-containing sea water for the following stages:
Stage L: exposed in 0.1 ppm Cd for 22 days,
Stage Sa: exposed in 0.1 ppm Cd for 10 days,
Stage Sb: kept in natural sea water for 10 days after Stage Sa,
Stage Sc: re-exposed in 0.1 ppm Cd for 10 days after Stage Sb.
The supernatant liquid containing water-soluble Cd-binding proteins (Cd-BP) was obtained from the homogenate of the sample at each stage.
In order to estimate the molecular weights and the behavior of Cd-BP, the supernatants were fractionated by Sephadex G-50 gel chromatography.
It was found that Cd in the clam combined dominantly with the proteins in peaks A (M. W. more than 30, 000), B (M. W. 22, 000±7, 000), and C (M. W. 8, 000-2, 500).
We conclude that Cd in the clam is combined chiefly with Cd-BP in peak A for short period exposures, but as the exposure period becomes longer, the Cd-BP in peak B acquires the leading role in intaking Cd. The remarkable behavior of the clam must be due to the induction of a synthesis of Cd-BP.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (372K) -
奥積 昌世, 奥田 昭三, 粟野 正石1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 799-804
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous paper, the authors reported that psychrophilic and halophilic histamine-forming bacteria, which could produce histamine at 5°C, could be isolated from the common mackerel flesh homogenates stored at 5°C and 20°C, these organisms were named “ N-group bacteria ” for the time being.
The present study was undertaken to obtain further information as to the occurrence of Ngroup bacteria on/in red meat fist, common mackerel, saury pike, and sardines. These fish samples were allowed to stand at 2.5°C. N-group bacteria occurred on/in all samples; the number of them in the fresh ones were 1 to 102 per gram of the flesh (0.01 to 1% of total bacterial number), while those in the spoiled ones were 106 to 108 (1 to 10%). N-group bacteria seem to occur as a part of the normal surface microflora of marine fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (399K) -
新聞 弥一郎, 新間 脩子, 池田 和夫1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 805-810
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTwo groups of 1-year-old rainbow trout were investigated, from May to September. The fish meal group was raised with a feed composed of fish meal (60) and wheat flour (20), and the SCP group was raised with a feed containing fish meal (35), methanol-grown yeast (30), and wheat flour (21) as major ingredients. The packed cell volume and plasma contstituents: protein, cholesterol, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and potassium contents in the plasma were determined. Lower levels of protein, cholesterol, and phosphorus resulted from SCP feeding during the period: relationships among them are discussed. Although seasonal and individual variations were observed, the amounts of the constituents in both groups were not much affected by the following treatments: i) keeping the fish in a container for 10 of 17 hours with either aeration or oxygen-blowing, ii) 1 minute out of water, and iii) 5-hour transportation. A remarkable increase in potassium contents, however, was noted after 10ml samples of blood (almost 1% body weight ) were removed, while other constituents decreased. Effects of maturation on the constituent levels seemed to start from June in both groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (440K) -
Yuzuru SHMIZU, Hiroko SHIMIZU, Paul J. SCHEUER, Yoshitsugi HOKAMA, Mar ...1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 811-813
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWild cells of Gambierdiscus toxicus, the alleged causative organism of ciguatera, were collected on the Island of Oahu and their toxicity established. The largest population was found in association with the red alga Spyridia filamentosa. Two toxic prnciples seem to exist in the organism: one was ciguatoxin-like, and the other maitotoxin-like, as shown by their action on the guinea pigatrium. These findings are in agreement with those previously reported for G. toxicus from French Polynesia.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1225K) -
岡野 正義, 深宮 斉彦, 荒谷 孝昭, 水井 富美恵1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 815-819
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper describes the seasonal variation of constituents such as sterol, hydrocarbon, and higher fatty acid fractions from Cladophora densa HARVEY growing profusely in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan.
C. densa HARVEY is characterized by a high content of β-sitosterol [(24R)-24-ethyl-5-cholesten-3β-ol] as the major component in the sterol fraction throughout the year. This content rapidly increased to its maximum level in the autumn months (growth season) and then gradually decreased to its minimum level during the winter months (decay season). The contents of campesterol [(24R)-24-methyl-5-cholesten-3β-ol] and cholesterol were consistently low in all seasons.
cis-7-Heptadecene was characteristically present in appreciable amounts throughout the year. The C18-unsaturated fatty acids were the major components in the higher fatty acid fraction in almost all seasons, except for the early autumn months when such contents decreased to the minimum levels.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (403K) -
原田 孝子, 大島 泰克, 安元 健, 神谷 久男1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 821-825
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPyrodinium bahamense var. compressa collected in Palau was confrmed to contain parain paralytic shellfish poisons at a high level of 1.5×10-4 MU/cell. The persence of gonyautoxin V(GTX5), neosaxitoxin (neoSTX), and two unidentified toxins cded tentatively as PBT1 and PBT2 were confirmed vut gonyautoxins I-IV were undetectable, in contrast to Protogonyaulax spp. Moluscs were found to be highly infested by the toxins. The folowing toxins wer identified: GTX5, neoSTX, STX, and PBT1 in Spondylus buteri; GTX5, STX, and PBTi, in Tridaxna crocea; GTX3, neoSTX, STX, and PBT1 in Spondylus bilocularis. In these bivales, however the proportion of GTX5 and neoSTX was decreased while that of STX was increased. The population of P. bahamense var. compressa was relatively high insid Arumizu Bay, Korol, but was low outside the bay.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1226K) -
渡部 終五, 落合 芳博, 橋木 周久1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 827-832
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMyosins were prepared from the ordinary muscles of 14 species of fish, and analyzed for light chain subunits by SDS-gel electrophoresis. DTNB light chain and two alkali light chains A1 and A2, in the order of increasing mobility, were dissociated from the myosin of each fish. Molecular weights of the myosin subunits were determined to be in the ranges 17, 500-21, 000 for DTNB light chains, 25, 000-30, 000 for A1 and 13, 500 for A2 light chinas, respectively.
In each scombroid fish tested, the molecular weight of A2 was clearly than that of DTNB light chain; the opposite result was found in several othere fishes including carp and pufferfish. In the group of fishes such as sardine and horse mackerel, both light chains showed the same the same molecular weight. These results suggested that there is some correlation between the molecular weight of A2 and the locomotory activity of fish.
Quantitaive analysis showed that piscine myosins contained approximately two moles each of DTNB and of alkali light chains per mole. However, the rations of A1/A2 differed widely, form 0.1 (grunt) to 2.6 (requiem shark).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1479K) -
丹羽 栄二, 渡部 誠一郎, 浜田 巌1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 833-836
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMyosins from chicken, domestic animals, and fishes were denatured at 80°C for 20min or at 20°C for 30 days in 0.45M KCI-phosphate buffer (pH 7.5). Urea and 2-mercaptoethanol were added to each suspension to achieve the final concentrations of 8M and 0.5%, respectively. The mixture was homogenized at room temperature and left to stand for 30 min. The homogenate was dialyzed overnight at 4°C against water or diluted with water. All the resulting myosin precipitates were more soluble in the above KCI buffer than the denatured myosins. The precipitate obtained by dialysis formed whitish gel on heating at 80°C for 15min in the presence of NaCl. In the case of fishes, the myosin also formed a semi-transparent gel at 40°C for 60min, and the viscosity of its solution increased during heating at 40°C. However, the myosin precipitate obtained by dilution showed neither gel formation nor viscosity increase, but did show some thermoplasticity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (243K) -
熊谷 洋, 佐伯 清子1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 837-841
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTish investigation was conducted in order to examine whether the content of heavy metals, i. e., mercury, cadmium, leed, copper, zine, manganese, nickel, cobalt, chromium, and arsenic in short-neck clams Tapes japonica, was correlated with that in the nearby mud.
Pair samples, clam and mud, were simultaneously collected from fifteen stations of the waters of the Inland Sea in Yamaguchi Prefecture where industrial pollution was not expected. After wet digestion, the heavy metals in the edible portion of the clam samples were determined by colorimetric and atomic absorption spectrometric methods. The mud samples were treated with acid extraction (0.1 NHCI and 0.001 NHCI) in addition to wet digestion, and the metals were determnined by the same methods as used for the clam samples.
The results obtained are as follows:
1. In the mud samples, the extraction rate of heavy meatls by acid solutions varied widely with the kind of metals and the location of sampling. The variation was highest for cadmium and lowest for mercury.
2. The levels of heavy metals in the short-neck clams and the mud were within the standards of food hygiene and environmental sanitatio, respectively.
3. There was no relationship between the heavy metal contents in short-neck clams and those in the mud where the clam inhabited.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (344K) -
石田 浩平, 今野 久仁彦1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 843-849
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMethods for isolation of native tropomyosin (NTM), troponin (TN), and tropomyosin (TM) from squid mantle muscle were developed. The biological properties of NTM and of TN thus obtained were studied by measuring the actomyosin Mg-ATPase activity.
The Ca-sensitivity of rabbit actomyosin Mg-ATPase conferred by squid NTM was lower than by rabbit NTM. Hybrid and homologue TN-TM complexes were reconsituted from TN and TM of squid and rabbit. The complexes including squid TN always conferred a relatively lower Ca-sensitivity than those containing rabbit TM did.
The following three characteristic properties of squid TN may account for the low biological activity of squid TN. (1) Squid TN was easily dissociated to each subunit upon addition of a low concentration of urea; (2) squid TN contained three different subunits, but the contents of 28, 000 and 24, 000 daltons subunit in squid TN were very small; (3) squid TN bound fewer calcium ions than rabbit TN did at around 10-5M free calcium ions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2063K) -
大島 泰克, 早川 知子, 橋本 恵, 安元 健, 小瀧 裕一1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 851-854
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeven isolates of Protogonyaulax tamarensis from various locations of the Tohoku and Hokkaido districts were grown unialgally and their toxins were analyzed. The results indicate that they can be classified into 3 strains by toxin profiles. The one from Funka Bay was unique in producing saxitoxin along with the 5 components common to other strains; gonyautoxin I-IV and neosaxitoxin. No apparent difference was observed among the toxin profiles of 4 isolates collected at Ofunato Bay at different times, indicating the prevalence of only one strain in the bay. Okkirai and Kesennuma isolates could be included in one strain and easily distinguished from Funka Bay and Ofunato Bay strains by their production of a large amount neoxaxitoxin, exceeding 50% of the total toxicity.
Protogonyaulax sp. isolated at Lake Saroma did not show any toxicity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (339K) -
田口 武, 田中 宗彦, 大久保 智, 鈴木 康策1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 855-859
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChanges in the quality of canned tuna packed in oil during processing and long-term storage at ambitent temperature were examined by sensory and chemical methods. Although the quality of canned tuna samples was organoleptically evaluated as α' regardless of its storage period, the following changes in canned tuna meat were observed. The canned meat proteins were slightly decomposed. and their nutritional value decreased to some extent during 10 year storage. During cooking and sterilization, amounts of glucose and glucose-6-phosphate were drastically reduced. After around 3-4 years of storage, some deterioration of lipids was initated. The iron content of canned tuna remarkably increased during the later stage of 10 year storage, but the increases in tin and zinc contents were not significant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (328K) -
上村 俊一1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 861-863
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーConcentration of zinc and cadmium in the soft parts and mid-gut glands of cultured juvenile scallops were examined during their growth. Both zinc and cadmium levels in the tissue and organs were generally higher in juvenile scallops than in adult ones. The increases in the levels of zinc and cadmium in the soft part and mid-gut gland with the increases of the weight of the soft part and the gland have been observed in adult scallops, but had not been observed in jucenile scallops. In juvenile scallops, however, a correlation between the zinc concentration in the soft part and the mid-gut gland was observed, and a correlation between zinc and cadmium in the mid-gut gland was also observed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (195K) -
上村 俊一1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 865-867
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper explains the influence of the depth at which the scallops were cultured on the concentrations of copper and zinc in their mid-gut glands.
No significant difference was found in the meatal concentraitons in the sepcimens of both sexes collected from 2, 5, and 15m depths. This observation indicates that the depth of water might not be important in sampling of scallops, and scallops could be a suitable indicater organism for environmental monitoring.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (187K) -
渡辺 尚彦, 高井 陸雄, 関川 明伸, 長谷川 浩1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 869-871
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe concentrations of protein in the effluents from Alaska pollack frlzen surimi manufacturing factories and their flow rates were measured to estimate fhe amount of protein resources lost in the effluent. Samples for protein concentration measurement were taken at three sites through the flow line of the effluent; the No.1 and the No.2 sites were the first and the second stage of the washing-out process and the No 3 site was the pit for effluent treatment. By use of the data at the No. 3 site, the total amount of protein lost in the effluent was estimated to be as much as 30-60 percent of that of the frozen surimi products. Protein recovery of the effluent at the No.1 site and thay of No.2 site would be worthwhile, since these effluents are rich in protein. It was found that their total protein concentrations were in the rang of 2-8 g/l, about 80 percent of which of which was water soluble protein.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (209K) -
K. S. CHUNG1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 873
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (81K) -
杉田 冶男, 榎本 彰, 出口 吉昭1982 年 48 巻 6 号 p. 875
発行日: 1982/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (101K)
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