巻号一覧
49 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の29件中1～29を表示しています
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林 勇夫1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1765-1775
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe distribution of smaller macrobenthos (>1mm, >1g wet weight) was investigated by collecting samples of bottom sediment at 38 stations in Obama Bay, Japan in June, 1977. Quantitative duplicate samples were obtained at each station with a small type Smith-McIntyre bottom sampler (0.05m2) and were washed through a 1-mm mesh screen.
Ampelisca brevicornis (amphipod), Polydora flava orientalis (polychaete), Veremolpa micra and Theora lubrica (bivalves) were the most abundant species present. The bay is divided into eight areas (A-H), on the basis of the similarity of the species composition of 24 commonly occurring species. The faunal characteristics of each area are described in detail.
A comparison with previous work carried out more than 30 years ago revealed considerable increases of the numerical density and biomass during the period between the two surveys. These quantitative differences, however, might be due to the difference of the sampling methods adopted, including the sampling gears used. Comparison also suggested that some faunal changes have occurred during the past thirty years. The drastic disappearance of a Ditrupa dominant area from the inner part of the bay is interpreted in relation to the enlargement of the muddy bottom area in this locality.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (702K) -
工藤 重治, 木村 紀彦1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1777-1782
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAhyperplasia-inducing or etiological factor was extracted from the bacterium transmitting bacterial gill disease. The extract induces the fusion of gill lamellae and/or filaments, hypertrophy of gill lamellae, islands of hyperplasia scattered irregularly along the filament and an occasional clubbing of the filaments. The hyperplasia was comprised of lesions with the characteristics of bacterial gill disease. There were no essential differences in surface ultrastructure or cell organization between lesions occurring as the result of extract-induction and those due to artificial or natural infection caused by the bacteria.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1045K) -
香川 浩彦, Graham YOUNG, 長浜 嘉孝1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1783-1787
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLevels of plasma estradiol-17β, testosterone, progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHprog) and 17α, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α, 20β-diOHprog) were assayed by radio-immunoassay during gonadal maturation in female goldfish Carassius auratus which have an asynchronous ovary in which oocytes are found at various stages of development. Estradiol-17β was maintained at low levels (below 3ng/ml) from December to February, reached a peak of about 7.5ng/ml in March which was maintained after ovulation. Plasma testosterone levels significantly increased in March and remained at high levels (8-14ng/ml) in ovulated fish and increased again in fish 15 days after ovulation (about 26ng/ml). Progestogens (progesterone, 17α-OHprog, 17α, 20β-diOHprog) were very low from December to February, rapidly increased just before or after ovulation and decreased 1 day after ovulation. Estradiol-17β levels and the gonadosomatic index (GSI) correlated well from December to March; the GSI was low from December to February (about 5), increased rapidly to about 13 in March and again increased to 18 on April 30. These results are discussed in relation to other studies on seasonal changes in plasma steroid levels in species in which the ovary is of the total synchronism or group synchronism type.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (385K) -
西 友夫, 佐藤 修, 梨本 勝昭, 山本 勝太郎1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1789-1795
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSuspended sediment in the sea often troubles improvement and development of coastal fishing ground. But quantitative measurement of sediment remains a difficult problem. Bamboo samplers, which have been frequently used in Japan, could not show the quantitative characteristics of the sediment, either. Because the relation between the amount of sediment trapped in the sampler and the amount of sediment in the sea was unknown. Some studies on the bamboo sampler have been carried out in order to show this relation directly. But few investigations have been performed from the point of view of the trapping mechanism of bamboo sampler.
In this paper, in order to obtain the basic data of analysing the mechanism, simplified experiments in steady flow were performed. In the experiments, two-dimensional models of bamboo sampler were used and spherical glass particles were suspended in the steady flow. The authors make the assumptio that sediment particles go forward as they go downward by gravity in steady flow passing through the hole of bamboo sampler. With this assumption, the efficiency of capture F can be written as the following equation. F=Sf/Si=d/a•w/v where Sf is the weight of sediment which is trapped in the sampleer, Si is the weight of sediment which flows into the sampler, a is the height of the hole, d is the diameter of the sampler, w is the fall velocity of the particles and v is the current velocity. F were measured in various cases in which the values of a, d, w, v were varied.
The results calculated from the above formula agreed well with the experimental values.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (752K) -
有元 貴文1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1797-1802
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHorizontal distributions of demersal fishes are discussed from catch data of coastal set-line (Tama-nawa) operations, conducted at Sagami Bay during 1979-1981. For Analytical procedure, occurrence proportions of catch in branch lines are taken into consideration, which indicate the spatial distributions of catch among branch lines.
Here, a branch line is considered as a unit gear, which consists of five hooks arranged vertically. Assuming that the probability of catch per book (P) is constant in each hook used in a operation of a set of Tama-nawa gear, occurrence proportion of catch in branch lines (Pc) is expected as, Pc=1-(1-p)3 Meanwhile, actual observations on occurrence proportion of catch in branches (P) are obtained by P=B/Bo, where Bo denotes total nomber of branch lines used in the operation and B is the number of the catch-occurred branches. In comparison between the observed proportion (P) and the expected proportion (Pc) of catch occurrencein branches, uniformity or contagiousness of catch among branches is discussed on total catch, and further, on seven species of the main catch.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (347K) -
中村 薫, 豊広 正志1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1803-1808
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEach of collecting tubules distributed superficially on the ventral trunk kidney is a complex of several members connected with the ipsilateral ureter after converging on some representatives. Secondary tubules derived from them diverge repeatedly at the periphery into urinary tubules which show remarkable windings on the way to distal glomerula. Blood supply by the renal artery which comes from the dorsal aorta is performed principally with a by-pass system. Each trunk of distal branches of the renal artery mostly connects via the anastomosis with the renal portal vein derived from the caudal vein. After sending off the most anterior right branch near the divided area, the caudal vein together with this branch becomes to be the paired renal portal vein. At the same area, many branches of the renal portal vein seem to connect via capillary networks with the renal vein which converges on the right posterior cardinal vein. Anastomoses exist further at the follwing vein juctions: anterior branch of the caudal and hepatic portal; right renal portal and hepatic portal; renal portal and renal; left and right posterior cardinal. The last paired veins are provided besides with a certain number of commissures on the way to anterior cervical kidney.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (559K) -
藤尾 芳久, 山中 良一, Peter J. SMITH1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1809-1817
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーStarch gel electrophoresis was carried out to survey genetic variation in 25 species of marine molluscs. The gel phenotypes for 19 enzymes and muscle proteins are described. Genetic variation measured as the proportion of polymorphic loci varied from 0.190 to 0.667 with a mean of 0.412±0.030, as observed heterozygosity from 0.059 to 0.216 with a mean of 0.129±0.009, and as expected heterozygosity from 0.060 to 0.250 with a mean of 0.147±0.011. Marine molluscs are generally more variable than marine teleosts.
An excess of homozygotes was observed at many loci in most species of molluscs. Such a phenomenon has not been observed in marine teleosts. Possible explanations for this observation are discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (654K) -
山口 裕一郎, 野々田 得郎, 小林 裕, 伊沢 邦彦, 陣野 哲朗, 石倉 勇, 内田 誠, 外海 政治1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1819-1824
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe purposes of the present study are to make clear the effectiveness of two types of artificial bait in the bottom long-line fishing: (1) scented artificial bait serving as olfactory stimuli to fishes; (2) fluorescent artificial bait serving as visual stimuli to fishes. The artificial bait is spongy and made of urethane chemicals.
In order to examine the effectiveness of the artificial bait mentioned above, the bottom longlines were set on the sea floors (220 to 850m in depth) of the Kumano-nada along the Pacific coast of central Japan.
Total number of 2940 baited hooks were used. These were classified into five groups: (1) hooks baited with sliced squid; (2) hooks with sliced squid plus scented and fluorescent artificial bait; (3) hooks with silced squid plus fluorescent artificial bait; (4) hooks with sliced squid plus scented artificial bait; (5) hooks with scented and fluorescent artificial bait. Then, difference among the fish numbers caught in each groups of the baited hooks were examined by X2 test.
It was indicated that addition of the artificial bait to the sliced squid was a promising method for obtaining higher fishing rate in the bottom long-line fishing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (767K) -
梅崎 勇1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1825-1834
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEcological studies of sargassum miyabei, which is an important species in forming Sargassum bed in shallow waters, were carried out at Nagahama, Maizuru Bay on the basis of plants collected monthly from August 1980 to July 1981. The stem, which is perennial, has primary laterals from 2.5 (±0.9) to 6.7 (±1.7) with various legths, of which 1.2 (±0.8) to 2.9 (±1.0) grew to more than 20cm in length, attained their maximum length and weight in July 1981, matured with receptacles, and finally died back. Primary laterals continued to grow from August 1980 to July 1981, with two rapid growing periods from November to January and April to June. The first primary lateral weighted on an average 17.5g in June and 30.2g in July, which corresponded to 95.8 and 82.0% of the total weight of the palnt, respectively. When primary laterals grew to 30cm or a little longer, they produced lateral branches. The arrangement in length of lateral branches on the primary lateral was fusiform or pyramidal in vertical view. However, when the apex of the primary lateral was damaged or cut off, its lateral branches elongated abnormally. The longevity of stem was estimated by counting the scars or basal remains on the stem of shed primary laterals. The species is dioecious and the plant with several primary laterals is of the same sex.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (621K) -
境 正, 後藤 修, 川津 浩嗣1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1835-1838
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe biles of carp Cyprinus carpio, eel Anguilla japonica, ayu Plecoglossus altivelis, yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, knifejaws Oplegnathus faciatus, and stingray Dasyatis akajei were analyzed for the composition of bilirubin conjugates. The ethyl anthranilate diazo method was used for determination of the total conjugated bilirubin, and TLC for analysis of the azopigments derived.
Bilirubin was for the most part present as the monoconjugate type in the biles of carp, knifejaws, and stingray, the proportion of this type to the total conjugated bilirubin being 72, 80, 80%m respectively. The corresponding proportion in the three other fishes and rat were 24-38%.
It was found that in the biles of carp, eel, ayu, yellowtail, knifejaws, and stingray, bilirubin glucuronide accounted for 34, 54, 49, 39, 13, and 14%, respectively, of the total conjugated bilirubin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (262K) -
境 正, 川津 浩嗣, 梅村 伸二1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1839-1842
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEffects of pH and temperature on two mixed-function oxidases, aniline-p-hydroxylase and aminopyrine-N-demethylase, in the liver of cultured carp Cyprinus carpio, eel Anguilla japonica, yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, and red sea bream Pagrus major were studied.
The pH optima for aniline-p-hydroxylase were 7.5, 7.8, 7.5, and 7.3, in carp, eel, yellowtail, and red sea bream, respectively; and those for aminopyrine-N-demethylase were 7.3 in carp and 7.5 in other fishes. After 30min incubation, aniline-p-hydroxylases of carp and yellowtail showed the highest activity at 33°C and those of other fishes at 27°C. After 15min incubation, aminopyrine-N-demethylase showed the highest activity at 35°C, 37°C, and 40°C in red sea bream, carp, and two other fishes, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (258K) -
福原 修, 伏見 徹1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1843-1848
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe larval development and growth of Hexagrammos otakii are described based on a series of 716 reared specimens, ranging between 7 and 50mm standard length (SL). Details on development of larvae and juvenile stages are illustrated, with special reference to segmentation and branching of the fins.
Transformation from the larval to the juvenile stage occurred between 14.7 to 18.7mm SL, (18.0 to 23.3mm in total length). Segmentation of all the fin rays finished completely by the time the larvae attained about 20mm in standard length. The larvae grew slowly up to the transitional phase, and rapidly afterwards attaining an average SL of 46.1mm at 105 days after harching.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (400K) -
板野 一臣, 佐々木 清司1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1849-1853
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe binding properties of mercury to the protein components of fish muscle were examined using the dorsal muscle of Japanese sea bass Lateolabrax japonicus.
Total mercury content in the protein components of fish muscle fractionated at 5°C was highest in the subactomyosin, followed by myofibrillar protein, actomyosin and sarcoplasmic protein. The ratio of methylmercury to total mercury was not remarkably different among the protein components. The content of reactive sulfhydryl groups decreased in the order of sacroplasmic protein, subactomyosin, myofibrillar protein and actomyosin. The content of reactive sulfhydryl groups was lower in the sarcoplasmic protein fractionated at 25°C (body temperature) than at 5°C.
When the fish muscle was incubated in 0.55M phosphate buffer containing 0.55M potassium chloride with methylmercury chloride or mercuric chloride, the affinity of protein components to the mercurials at 5°C decreased in the order of subactomyosin, sarcoplasmic protein, myofibrillar protein and actomyosin. While the affinity of myofibrillar protein to mercurials at 25°C was higher than that of the sarcoplasmic protein. For sarcoplasmic protein, the order of reactive sulfhydryl groups content differed with had the affinity to mercurials.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (351K) -
藤田 孝夫, 佐竹 幹雄, 渡辺 武, 北島 力, 幹 渉, 山口 勝巳, 鴻巣 章二1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1855-1861
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe pigmentation of cultured red sea bream Pagrus major with the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is known to be attained by feeding any of the frozen krill, krill meal, and oil extracted from the meal. This suggests that astaxanthin diester (I), which is the common main carotenoid in those krill products, should be effective, but there is no evidence. Accordingly, an attempt was made to prove it. I purified from krill oil was added to a formulated feed at concentrations of 0.12-12.8mg astaxanthin/100g diet and the feeding experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. I was found very effective, being superior to frozen krill and krill oil. The analysis of the integuments of the pigmented fish showed that carotenoid contents were 0.46-1.72mg/ 100g and that the composition in fish receiving I at a level of 12.8mg astaxanthin/100g diet was I (53%), astaxanthin monoester (4%), and esterified yellow carotenoids such as tunaxanthin fraction (22%), 3'-epilutein (9%), lutein (trace), zeaxanthin (5%), diatoxanthin+cynthiaxanthin (2%), and β-carotene triol (4%). This indicates that a part of I ingested by red sea bream should have been metabolized to tunaxanthin via β-carotene triol, zeaxanthin, and 3'-epilutein.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (470K) -
沼倉 忠弘, 中村 哲也, 高間 浩蔵, 藤井 武治, 新井 健一1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1863-1870
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn terms of inactivation rate constant of myofibrilla Ca-ATPase, the thermal stability of Pacific myofibrillar protein was found to be comparable to those of Pacific mackerel and sardine but it became unstable at higher temperature and in an acjdic condition. Addition of sucrose or sorbitol increased effectively the stability of this myofibrillar protein.
On the basis of the above findings, the frozen surimi of Pacific pomfret was prepared. During frozen storage, the quality of the frozen surimi was evaluated by measuring the amount of soluble protein and Ca-ATPase total activity. The Kamaboko forming ability of the same material was assessed by jelly strength and the folding test. The frozen surimi from the alkali (0.25-0.50% NaHCO3)-washed umscle showed the highest quality, which was slightly inferior to that of SA grade frozen surimi of Alaska pollack.
The frozen surimi prepared from the minced muscle without washing was first washed with water after thawing and subjected to suimi preparation. The quality of this surimi and its Kamaboko forming ability were remarkably improved, being comparable to that of the alkaliwashed muscle frozen surimi. On the other hand, the quality of the frozen surimi using frozen muscle of the Pacific pomfret was considerably inferior.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (589K) -
三橋 薫, 吉田 陽一, 門田 元1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1871-1874
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the intermittently aerated lagoon, in which high rates of nitrogen removal were observed, counts of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria were done in every season, with the lagoon water and the mud (settled sludge on the bottom) and nitrifying and denitrifying activities of washed sludge were checked under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The counts of nitrifying, denitrifying and heterotrophic bacteria were around 2×103, 1×105 and 2×107 cells/ml, respectively, in water and 8×103, 2×106 and 7×107 cells/ml, respectively, in mud. Some seasonal change in the population of these bacteria was observed. The nitrifying activity of bacteria in washed sludge suspension with 2mg-N/l of added ammonium was around 1.8mg-N/l•h and the denitrifying activity of bacteria in the same suspension with 2mg-N/l of added nitrate was around 1.4 mg-N/l•h.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (299K) -
林 誠, 永山 文男1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1875-1882
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA chymotrypsin inhibitor was extracted from the top shell muscle, and purified by ammonium sulfate fraction, ion exchange chromatography, gel feltration, and affinity chromatography. Three active components (F-I, F-II, and F-III) were found. The main fraction (F-III) was purified 483-fold with recovery of 7.95%. The molecular weight of the inhibitor was estimated to be 41, 000 by gel filtration or 43, 000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and its isoelectric point was found to be pH 3.7 to 3.8. The inhibitor was active toward α-, β-, γ-, and δ-chymo-trypsins. The type of inhibition was competitive for α-chymotrypsin, but noncompetitive for trypsin. One mol of the inhibitor fromed complex with 1 mol of enzyme. Total amino acid residues were estimated to be 405, and 34 Cys/2 residues were found.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (834K) -
野口 玉雄, 小山 絹江, 宇津 敦, 橋本 周久1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1883-1886
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEughty-two specimens of a xanthid crab, “subesube-manjugani” Atergatis floridus were collected from four places on Ishigaki and Hachijo Islands, Miura Peninsula, etc., along with the Pescadores (Taiwan) in 1981 and 1982. Toxicity assays of paralytic shellfish poison showed that all of them were toxic and their toxicity scores widely differed depending upon the places of collection. Ishigaki specimens were most toxic, and the maximum toxicity of 9, 000MU/g recorded. Miura specimens were moderately toxic all the year round. Incidentally, the fertilized eggs from seven female specimens were also found to be toxic.
Electrophoretic analyses showed that the main toxins of the Ishigaki specimens were neo-saxitoxin and saxitoxin, whereas the Miura specimens lacked in neosaxitoxin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (256K) -
野口 玉雄, 宇津 敦, 小山 絹江, 丸山 純一, 長島 裕二, 橋本 周久1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1887-1892
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe toxins of a xanthid crab Atergatis floridus from Miura Peninsula were purified by a method which consisted of activated charcoal treatment, and chromatography on Amberlite IRC-50, Bio-Gel P-2 and Bio-Rex 70 columns. In the Bio-Rex 70 column chromatography, the major toxin equivalent to about 90% of the total toxicity was eluted with 0-0.03 N acetic acid, whereas the minor toxin, with 0.03-1 N acetic acid. The major toxin showed a single spot in TLC and electrophoreis, whose Rf and Rm values coincided well with those of tetrodotoxin run for reference. Furthermore, the major toxin agreed well with tetrodotoxin in NMR spectrum. From these results, the major toxin was identified as tetrodotoxin. On the other hand, the minor toxin was demonstrated to consist of saxitoxin and some unidentified toxic components.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (310K) -
手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1893-1896
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper presents the effects of feeding level, feeding frequency, and the particle size and drying method of carrageenan-microbinded diets on grwoth and survival of the prawn Penaeus japonicus larvae. Experimental groups were designed for multi-way layout experiments, and the results were evaluated statistically. Survival rates of the prawn larvae were significantly affected with the feeding level, feeding frequency, and drying method of diets, but not with the particle size of diets. The dietary value was markedly reduced when prepared by using the oven at 50-60°C instead of the freeze-dryer. The prawn larvae had higher survival rates when fed diets at the feeding concentrations (mg diet/larva/day) of 0.16 than 0.08 and also twice a day rather than once a day. As for the growth indexes, however, no significant difference was detected in all the factors examined.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (285K) -
浜田 盛承, 稲益 猷二1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1897-1902
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTemperature dependence of the viscoelastic behavior of Kamaboko was measured in the range of 10 to 85°C in order to investigate the properties of the network structure of Kamaboko. Kamaboko was made from frozen Surimi of Alaska pollack so as to windely differ in water content, and was subjected to the measurements of shear storage modulus G', loss tangent tan δ and gel strength G. S.
G' decreased with the rise of temperature in the range of 10-ca. 50°C, while it came to almost equilibrium in the range ca. 50-85°C. Peak temperature of each tan δ-temperature curve lay between 15 to 20°C, hence the 10-ca. 50°C region and the ca. 50-85°C region were found to correspond to the transition zone and the plateau zone of viscoelastic behavior, respectively. G' in both zones decreased with increase in added water content, and G. S likewise decreased.
The set of results indicated that the network structure of Kamaboko was composed of two kinds of cross-link, one of which was loosely bound among proteins and susceptible to temperature and the other was tightly bound among proteins and stable to temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (367K) -
岩田 勝哉, 角田 出1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1903-1908
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe catalytic properties of glutamate dehydrogenase of the liver and muscle from an amphibious gobid fish, Periophthalmus cantonensis were conpared with those of the enzymes from a water-breating gobid fish, Tridentiger obscurus obscurus.
The enzyme activities in the liver and muscle of P. cantonensis increased to a greater degree with rising ambient salinities than those observed with T. obscurus obscurus, when they were acclimated in different salinities for 7 days.
The apparent Km for NH+4 of the muscle enzyme from P. cantonensis was about half as much as that of the enzyme from T. obscurus obscurus, while those values of the liver enzymes from both species were essentially similar. No species-difference was observed in other kinetic constants of the enzymes from the two gobid fishes including the Km's for α-ketoglutarate and NADH, the Ka's for ADP and leucine and the Ki's for GTP (in the absence fo ADP), NAD+ and glutamate.
The effect of ADP on the liver enzyme from P. cantonensis was stronger than that of the enzyme from T. obscurus obscurus, while the effects of ADP on the muscle enzymes from both the species were similar. The effects of ADP on GTP-inhibited enzymes from P. cantonensis were much greater than the corresponding effects on the enzymes from T. obscurus obscurus. These results suggest that the enzymes from P. cantonensis were more tightly regulated by ADP-GTP interaction than the enzymes from T. obscurus obscurus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (445K) -
佐藤 秀一, 竹内 俊郎, 奈良部 安, 渡辺 武1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1909-1916
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study was conducted to determine the effect of deletion of Zn concurrently with Mn or Cu from fish meal diets on growth of rainbow trout and the concentration of these trace metals in the fish. Rainbow trout fingerlings were fed on fish meal diets without supplement of total or each trace element for 40 weeks.
The deletion of both Zn and Mn at the same time from the diets resulted in the most reduced growth. The effect of deletion of Zn alone or simultaneously with Cu or Mn affected the growth of fish more seerely than of the total deleetion of trace elements But the highest percentage of cataracts and short body dwarfism resulted from the deletion of the single trace element Zn.
The Zn level of eyeballs was affected most severely by the deletion of Zn from the diet. The content of Zn, Mn and Cu in stomach was found to be proportional to that of these metals in the fish meal diets.
The growth and feed effciency were not improved by elevating the concentration of trace metals derived from white fish meal, indicating a low availability of minerals in the white fish meal for this fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (541K) -
熊谷 洋, 佐伯 清子1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1917-1920
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn odrder to elucidate how the heavy metal content of rock shell Rapana thomasiana varies with its growth, the contents of 9 kinds of metals, i. e., Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), and Asenic (As) in the muscular portion were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and colorimetry after wet digestion. The rock shell, a carnivorous shell, was obtained in Yamaguchi Bay in Yamaguchi Prefecture in June, 1982. The contents of Cd, Co, Cr, and As increased linearly with growth. The regression equations between the metal content y ppm and the shell heigh x mm were as follows: y=3.0×10-4x+0.03 for Cd, y=4.8×10-4x+0.12 for Co, y=2.6×10-4x+0.048 for Cr, and y=5.5×10-2x-0.096 for As. On the other hand, only Cu content increased exponentially with growth, with a regression equation of y=102.8×10-3x+0.13. The contents of Pb, Zn, Mn, and Ni were nearly invariable regardless of the growth, although each level varied with metal species. The contents of Cu and As were higher in rock shell than in short-neck clams, a plankton-feeding shell, inhabiting Yamaguchi Bay and its surrounding waters; whereas the contens of Cd, Mn, Ni, Co, and Cr were lower in the former than in the latter. The contents of Pb and Zn in rock shell were as high as those in short-neck clams. These findnngs suggest that the bioaccumulation of heavy metals depends on specific metals rather than the place on food chain web where the animal is located, and the metal contents are not necessarily higher in predator than in the prey.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (243K) -
柴田 宣和, 尾崎 弘忠, 藤井 豊1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1921-1929
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt was observed that the amount of salt soluble protein from myofibrils of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba muscle and its physicochemical and biochemical properties, such as viscosity, ATP-sensitivity, flow birefringence, Mg-ATPase activity and gel-forming ability were increased with the lapse of aging time of washed muscle at 2°C, reaching to the maximum values within a few days.
On the basis of these findings, the authors developed a new method to collect myofibrillar protein in high yeild as the debris of myofibrils (nmaed Myofibrils Fragmemt, MfF) from the muscle after aging by the following procedure: the muscle was homogenized wiht 10 volumes of 0.3% NaCl solution and sedimented by high speed centrifugation at 10, 000×g for 10minutes.
The myofibrils preparation, thus obtained, was found to form a Kamaboko-like gel having a characteristic nature (elasticity) upon grinding with 5% NaCl at 2°C for 2 minutes, setting (suwari) at 5°C for 3 hours and heating at 90°C for 20 minutes.
The addition of sorbitol (ca. 10%) to the myofibrils preparation remarkably strengthened the gel strength of the gel formed by heating.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (645K) -
野口 玉雄, 尾上 義夫, 丸山 純一, 橋本 周久, 西尾 幸郎, 池田 武彦1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1931
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (88K) -
板野 一臣1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1933
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (89K) -
岩井 保1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1935
発行日: 1983/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (829K) -
1983 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 1939
発行日: 1983年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (12K)
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