巻号一覧
49 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の25件中1～25を表示しています
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高橋 豊美, 斉藤 重男, 前田 辰昭, 木村 大1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 663-670
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to elucidate the annual life period of adult L. herzensteini and L. yokohamae in Mutsu Bay, Aomori prefecture, the seasonal changes in several physiological conditions, i. e. the gonadsomatic index, hepatosomatic index, and condition factor of samples chiefly obtained with the trawl nets from April 1978 to November 1981 were examined. In addition, feeding intensity was investigated from stomach contents weight index and feeding frequency per day. As the results, the annual life period of L. yokohamae was divided roughly into the following four: spawning (fasting)-wintering (inactive feeding)-recovering (active feeding)-maturing (inactive feeding). On the other hand, that of L. herzensteini was divided into the three periods without the wintering. Although in winter they escaped the cold water (2-3°C) and were concentrated in the area near the entrance of bay, L. yokohamae hardly intook food and the feeding activity of L. herzensteini was also inactive probably on account of low temperature and inadequate food supply. In spring both species commenced active feeding having two feeding periods per day, and their food intake rates gradually declined after summer (one feeding peak) when hepatosomatic index and condition factor attained peak in the seasonal cycle, irrespective of temperature, food supply, and other external factors. It seems probable that such seasonal changes in feeding intensity are closely connected with the degree of food requirement in relation to their fat contents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (604K) -
山本 勝太郎1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 671-678
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper is concerned with the theoretical and experimental studies of a large extension of twisted mono-filaments. Assuming that a twisted mono-filament can be considered as a twisted filament yarn and fibrils being regarded as filaments in the yarn, the energy method, used for the derivation of the stress-strain properties of twisted filament yarns by Treloar and Riding, is applied to the derivation of the corresponding properties of twisted nylon mono-filaments. Especially, the visco-elastic properties of nylon; residual strain, stress-relaxation and stress-strain hysteresis, are considered in the development of the energy method. The calculated results of the stress-strain curves are very much in agreement with the experimental results. From these results, it is suggested that the tensile behaviour of twines should be decided after due consideration of the effect of the visco-elastic properties of materials.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (506K) -
境 正, 川津 浩嗣, 後藤 修1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 679-682
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIntracellular distribution and enzymatic properties of bilirubin UDP glucuronyl trasferase (EC 2.4.1.76) of carp Cyprinus carpio, eel Anguilla japonica, and yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, were studied.
The enzyme activity was highest in the microsomal fraction. The pH optima of this enzyme were 8.0, 8.0 and 8.2 for carp, eel and yellowtail, respectively. Triton X-100 effectively activated the enzyme activity in these three fishes, and the optimal concentrations were 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6% for eel, carp and yellowtail enzyme, respectively. Under the conditions used for the enzyme assay, the enzyme of yellowtail showed highest activity near 45°C and those of other two fishes showed highest activity near 37°C. Yellowtail enzyme maintained most activity at 60°C, whereas the enzymes of other two fishes were rapidly inactivated at this temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (275K) -
境 正, 川津 浩嗣1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 683-686
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDistribution of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (dipeptidyl hydrolase, EC 3.4.14.5) was examined in the plasma, kidney, liver, ordinary muscle, dark muscle, and brain, of 4 species of cultured fishes, carp Cyprinus carpio, eel Anguilla japonica, tilapia Sarotherodon niloticus, and yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, using glycyl-L-prolyl p-nitroaniline as substrate. In all these fishes, the kidney (13.9-39.8U/g) showed the highest enzyme activity, followed by the liver (9.65-26.1U/g), brain (1.95-7.65U/g), dark muscle (0.99-2.53U/g), and ordinary muscle (0.34-1.49U/g). The activities of fish plasma were 4.16-14.6U/l.
The activity levels of piscine tissues were, as a whole, much lower than those in the corresponding tissues of the rat analyzed as a control. The activity level of piscine plasma were also clearly lower than in mammalian serum.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (220K) -
岡本 峰雄1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 687-692
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーArtificial seaweed farm plant, experimental floating reef made of steel, had been anchored by two chains at the depth of fourty-three meters off Tajima in the Japan Sea, from August 1979 to October 1982. To find out the behavioral character and the gathering factor of fishes around the plant, investigations were carried out by direct observation, by some automatic recording instruments and by the echosounder, four times.
(1) Around the plant, twenty-three kinds of fishes were found. Most of them belonged to the young stage, and some adult fishes appeared sometimes.
(2) It seemed that the young fishes settled just near the plant in spring or summer like those that appeared with floating algae, and lived until autumn or winter.
(3) Adult fishes were seen to gather around the plant temporarily on their migration.
(4) Distribution and activity of fishes around the plant varied with the life stage of each kind of fish, and the distributed area became wide as they grew.
(5) Young fishes (22 kinds except Epinephelus awoara) belonged to all the day dependant type to the shelf.
(6) Adult fishes (Seriola aureovittata, Trachurus japonicus and Navodon modestus) belonged to daytime dependant type. Navodon modestus distributed under the shelf in the daytime, in a range of about thirty meters horizontally from the end of the shelf.
(7) Some fishes (Epinephelus awoara and some of Oplegnathus fasciatus) moved vertically between the shelf and the bottom along the anchor chain of the plant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (515K) -
小野里 坦, 山羽 悦郎1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 693-699
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーUV irradiation methods for inducing gynogenesis in Salmoniformes are described. Milt was diluted with seminal plasma of chum salmon in a volume rate of about 1:100, and rradiated with a sterilizing lamp. In order to spread the diluted milt throungout the bottom of plastic Petri dish to a depth of 0.1mm, the hydrophobic nature of the suface was turned hydrophile using an ion spattering equipment. When milt was irradiated with doses varying from 80 to 14, 400 ergs/mm2 at the rate of 40 ergs/mm2/sec, the survival rates of embryos which had been inseminated with irradiated milt, showed a typical “Hertwig effect” in four species used in the present study, Osmerus eperlanus mordax, Salvelinus leucomaenis, Salmo gairdneri and Oncorhynchus masou. Fertilization rates were not affected by irradiation at doses ranging from 40 to 4, 800 ergs/mm2 but sperms lost their fertilizing ability completely at a dosage of 14, 000 ergs/mm2. The most harmful dosage was 600 ergs/mm2, at which the survival rates were only 7.3 per cent in O. eperlanus mordax (3 days after insemination), 42.9 per cent in S. leucomaenis (29 days), 2.6 per cent in S. gairdneri (18 days) and 40.1 per cent in O. masou (25 days), while the survival rates of unirradiated groups were more than 90 per cent the same number of days after insemination respectively. Better survival rates were observed at higher does. All embryos showed haploid syndromes at does more than 2, 400 ergs/mm2 and their haploidy was confirmed by chromosome observations. It was elucidated that the inducing rates of gynogenesis using ultraviolet rays were comparable to those in irradiation of ioizing rays.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1069K) -
清野 通康, 新島 恭二1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 701-704
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe objective was to investigate effects of short term temperature rises on the hatching success of stone flounder Kareius bicoloratus, eggs. Termal treatments were carried out by transferring eggs from the base temperature seawater (10°C) into a beaker containing seawater at an elevated temperature of 4, 8, 12, 16 or 22°C above the base temperature, and by maintaining the eggs at the elevated temperature for 0.7, 2.5, 10, 40, 160min or until hatching. Eggs during 8-16 Cell, Eye Forming and Beginning of Heart Beat stages were found to be more susceptible to thermal treatments than those during Morula, Embryo Encircling two thirds of the Egg Membrane and Just Before Hatching. Beginning of Heart Beat stage was presumed to be the most susceptible out of the six stages tested. Median resistance times (exposure duration to 50% mortality of the control) of eggs during Beginning of Heart Beat stage were estimated as follows: ΔT=22°C- less than 0.7min, ΔT=16°C-4min, ΔT=12°C-58min, ΔT=8°C-680min.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (265K) -
有元 貴文, 小倉 通男, 井上 喜洋1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 705-709
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEffects of immersion time in coastal set-lines have been studied through six pairs of simultaneous operations conducted on the same ground of Sagami Bay. Using ordinary fishing methods the first operations were conducted around sunrise, and the second ones were set after sunrise and hauled in the afternoon, overlapping the two sets so as to elongate the duration of immersion time.
Comparing the nature of the catch between the first and second operations, the first yieded a higher proportion of the targeted demersal fishes than the second. Hooking rate as a function of immersion time with each operation showed variation divided into two phases. A steady decline occurred in a comparatively short duration followed the setting of fishing gear. Thereafter, it changed into a slight tendency to increase with longer immersion times. Moreover, the incidence of damage to gear and of attacks by predators increased linearly with immersion time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (366K) -
会田 勝美1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 711-718
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMaturing ayu fish at early vitellogenic or early spermatogenic stages received a single intraperitoneal (IP) injection of emulsified synthetic LH-RH (0, 50 or 500μg) at the start of the experiment and were reared under a gonad-suppressive photoperiod (16L-8D) for 20 days. Gonadal atrophy occurred in the control and 50μg LH-RH treated groups. However, 500μg LH-RH remarkably accelerated gonadal development despite the suppressive photoperiod. All males discharged a large amount of seminal fluid, and 3 of 4 females ovulated. The gonadotrophs of the group treated with 500μg LH-RH were hypertrophied and degranulated. In the control and 50μg LH-RH treated groups, the gonadotrophs were small and irregular and contained numberous small granules along with some larger ones.
Immature ayu at pre-vitellogenic or pre-spermatogenic stages received a single IP injection of emulsified LH-RH (0, 50 or 500μg) on day 1 and 20 of a 40-day exposure to a gonad-sup-pressive photoperiod (16L-8D). Gonadal development failed to occur in any of the groups. The gonadotrophs from all groups were similarly inactive.
These results indicate that synthetic mammalian LH-Rh cannot intiate gonadotropin synthesis in undeveloped gonadotrophs of immature fish, whereas large amounts are able to stimulate not only the release but also the synthesis of gonadotropin in the developed gonadotrophs of maturing fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4522K) -
南 卓志1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 719-724
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe early life history of a tongue fish Cynoglossus joyneri GÜNTHER was studied in the western Wakasa Bay, the Japan Sea.
General morphology of the larvae and juveniles ranging from 5.75mm to 16.25mm BL, was described. The characteristic features of the fish in early larval stages were elongations of the first 2 dorsal fin rays and distributional patterns of melanophores on the body surface.
Judging from gonad index and occurrence of larvae, actual spawning may occur during relatively long period from July to September in the western Wakasa Bay.
Early poslarvae were caught mainly off Wakasa Bay, and late postlarvae were caught in the inner part of the Bay. Early juveniles were captured in the shallow water of the Bay, and this area may be their nursery ground.
Food items in the gut contents were as follows: small copeods Microsetella norvegica and copepod nauplii in early larvae, copepods Paracalanus sp and M. norvegica in metamorphosis, and copepods Paracalanus sp. in early juveniles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (484K) -
竹田 達右, 板沢 靖男1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 725-731
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThree different methods to induce either anesthesia or sedation were examined for the purpose of applying to transport of live fish. Two of them, production of carbon dioxide by adding sodium bicarbonate and sulphuric acid to water, and bubbling carbon dioxide and oxygen into water for a short duration until the fish were anesthetized, were simple and cheap ways but were found to be unsuitable in the case live transport, because these methods were applicable only in cases of very low density of fish. The third method, bubbing carbon dioxide and oxygen into water throughout the course of transport was safe for carp when Pco2 and Po2 in water were kept at 95-115 mmHg and 400-480 mmHg, respectively, but is considered to be impractical because of the laboriousness and high cost in maintaining Pco2 and Po2 at their optimum levels. And this method was found to be inapplicable for porgies, because safe Pco2 was not effective and effective Pco2 was not safe.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (542K) -
板沢 靖男, 神田 猛1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 733-738
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDifference in flsh density had little influence on survival time of goldfish in sublimate solution. This seemed to have been attributable to the counteraction of decreased sublimate concentration against increased contact with sublimate due to increased gill ventilation in higher density groups. The increased gill ventilation was estimated from decreased levels of ambient oxygen.
When kept in the same density, grouped fish survived significantly longer than isolated ones. As the grouped fish were usually more tranquil than the isolated ones, they consumed less oxygen per body weight than the isolated ones. This decrease in oxygen consumption, the group effect, is considered to result in decreased gill ventilation and also in decreased contact with sublimate. These are thought to have made the grouped fish survive longer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (473K) -
柴田 宣和1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 739-743
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーExperiments were performed on Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Immediately after catch, Whole krill was used as unwashed muscle and tail meat peeled mechanically was used as washed muscle. Extraction of protein from muscle was conducted by changing the medium and increasing the ionic strength from 0.05 to 1.00 and finally 0.1M NaOH. It was found that muscular protein of washed muscle was not extracted with a low ionic strength (0.25-0.50) medium. but most of the protein in unwashed muscle was rapidly extracted even with low ionic strength media.
In SDS-gel electrophoretic patterns. the band of actin appeared in all extracts of different ionic strength media.
The band of myosin chain was found only in the extract of media of different ionic strength media. The band of myosin chain was found only in the extract of low ionic strength (0.25) medium from unwashed muscle, while it was recognized in all extracts of media of various ionic strengths (0.25-1.00) from washed muscle.
While the muscle homogenates in media of various ionic strengths were stored at 3°C for 2 days, the extractable protein from unwashed muscle decreased, and inversely that from washed muscle was increased.
These results showed that the extractability of muscular proteins from fresh krill in media of various ionic strengths were considerably influenced by freshness of muscle as well as the contamination of digestive protease. Myosin in unwashed muscle of krill seemed to be rapidly digested by protease during the course of treatments of muscle after catch.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1212K) -
柴田 宣和1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 745-749
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe change in extractability of muscular protein during storage of fresh muscle of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba gas been studied.
When the washed muscle free from digestive protease was stored by keeping it in water or 0.2 M NaCL solution at various temperatures for 2 h, the protein extractable by 0.45M NaCL-phosphate buffer (I=0.05, pH 7.3 ) largely decreased at 25°C while only a little decrease occurred below 20°C. The presence of 0.2M NaCL solution in the keeping medium slightly enhanced the rate of decrease in extractable protein even below 20°C.
When the homogenate of muscle containing hepatopancreas with phosphate buffer (I=0.05, pH 7.3 ) or with 0.45M NaCL-phosphate buffer was stored at 2°C, the amoun's of extractable protein from both homogenates decreased with the lapse of time. Degradation of muscular protein by digestive protease thus occurred, producing soluble fragments in low ionic strength medium at 2°C.
These results strongly suggested that deterioration of muscular protein in Antarctic krill proceeds in two different courses, at least. The first is a decrease of extractable protein by high ionic strength medium resulting from storage at high temperature. The second is an increase of soluble protein in low ionic strength medium resulting from the action of digestive protease at low temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (441K) -
緒方 武比古, 児玉 正昭, 松浦 文雄1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 751-755
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDark blue or violet chromoproteins were isolated from the ovaries of marine snails Haliotis discus hannai, Chlorostoma lischkei, Omphalius pfeifferi, and Turbo marmorata by ammonium sulfate fractionation and Sepharose 4B gel filtration. The chromoprotein was found to be the major pigment in each of these ovaries. These chromoproteins had similar u. v. and visible absorption spectra, their molecular weights were 500, 000-700, 000 and their sedimentatin coefficients were 16-18 S. Chromophores were readily liberated from the chromoproteins by the HCI-acetone treamtment and their methyl esters were then prepared. The chromophore of the chromoprotein of T. marmorata was identified as turboverdin on the basis of u. v. and visible spectra and TLC, while those of the other three species were violin-type bile pigments. In all cases, the linkage between chromophore and protein moiety was non-covalent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (323K) -
加納 哲, 渡部 終五, 橋本 周久1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 757-763
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMyosin was extracted from the ordinary muscle of requiem shark Triakis scyllia by a high ionic strength extractant containing ATP, and purified by fractionation with ammonium sulfate and EDAE-cellulose column chromatography. Requiem shark myosin thus purified was found to be homogeneous by ultracentrifugal and electrophoretical measurements.
The sedimentation constant (s020, w) of this myosin was 6.7 S. Subunit molecular weights, as estimated by SDS-gel electrophoresis, were 200, 000 for heavy chain, 25, 000 for A1 light chain, 17, 5000 for DTNB light chain, and 14, 000 for A2 light chain. The molar ratio of A1 to A2 light chain was determined to be 2.6.
The amino acid composition of requiem shark myosin featured higher lysine and glutamic acid contents and lower aspartic acid valine contents, compared to those of other myosins. The inactivation rate constant was 2.4×10-3 s-1 at 30°C, when Ca2+-ATPase activity was used as a parameter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2122K) -
白井 隆明, 福家 真也, 山口 勝巳, 鴻巣 章二1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 765-768
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFollowing the previous work on chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta, the amino acids and related compounds in the 80% ethanol extracts from the heated muscles of four species of Pacific salmon, sockeye salmon O. nerka, chinook salmon O. tshawytscha, coho salmon O. kisutch, and pink salmon O. gorbuscha, were analyzefd from the standpoint of flavor chemistry. Common features such as a very high content of dipeptide anserine, with lower levels of histidine, taurine, alanine, and glycine, were found, in accord with the results for chum salmon. However, a slight but distinct species-specificity was also present, i. e., fairly low levels of histidine in chinook salmon, rather high levels of serine in coho salmon, and somewhat high contents of histidine and markedly low levels of anserine in pink salmon. The amounts of total extractive nitrogen in the heated muscles were remarkably higher than those in the raw muscles in all the samples analyzed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (251K) -
Cher Siang NG, Yew Neng CHIN, Pang Yong LIM, Ching Ean TAN, Soon Eong ...1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 769-775
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSpecimens of white pomfret, Chinese pomfret, and grouper which are commonly consuned in Singapore were stored in ice for as long as 33 days and examined for changes in freshness, the amount of free and expressible drips, and in protein and lipid.
The K value and trimethylamine were found to be suitable freshness indices for these fishes. The subcutaneous meat of a grouper (body weight: 7.2kg) showed roughly comparable levels of bacterial count (105-106/g), when incubated at 20 and 30°C, irrespective of the duration of ice-storage. The K value reached 20% after 23 days. Free drip from meat ranged from 1.0 to 2.8% and the expressible drip from 10.3 to 30.3% during the storage. The salt-soluble nitrogen from the meat did not decrease significantly during the storage, nor did the viscosity of the saline extract. The skin portion did not show detectable rancidity, and the peroxide value and TBA number of the lipid extracted were low throughout.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (464K) -
林 賢治, 高木 徹, 北川 雅彦1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 777-782
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe compositions of diacyl glyceryl ethers and neutral plasmalongens of the liver lipids of male and female specimens of two species of deep-sea ratfish Hydrolagus barbouri and Rhinochimaera pacifica were investigated.
The livers of the examined ratfish yielded high lipid contents (75.9%-82.9%). Neutral lipids were the perdominant classes, accounting for more than 98% of the total lipid contents. The livers of these fish contained, in addition to 22.8%-31.7% triglycerides, ether-linked lipids of 53.5%-63.4% diacyl glyceryl ethers and 1.0%-6.7% neutral plasmalogens.
In both species, the component alkyl glyceryl ethers of diacyl glyceryl ethers were found to consist mostly of monoenes (76.2%-81.1%) and saturates (15.5%-19.6%) of 14-24 carbon atoms for the alkyl moiety. The principal components found were: 18:1 (43.7%-57.5%), 16:1 (6.8%-13.5%), 20:1 (5.7%-8.7%), and 16:0 (5.4%-7.8%). The component aldehydes obtained from alk-l-enyl glyceryl ethers of neutral plasmalogens were mostly composed of monoenes (63.8%-81.8%) and saturates (18.8%-34.0%) of 14-24 carbon atoms. The major constituents were: 20:1 (40.3%-55.2%), 18:1 (5.4%-25-8%), 18:0 (5.7%-18.1%), and 16:0 (5.3%-8.0%). The component fatty acids of diacyl glyceryl ethers and neutral plasmalogens were roughly similar in composition to those of triglycerides. Monoenes having 18:1, 20:1, and 22:1 acids as the predominant components were found.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (454K) -
松田 由美子1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 783-785
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe influence of various storage temperatures on the quality change of lyophilized carp myofibrils was estimated. Carp myofibrils were ground with 2% sodium glutamate. The mixtures were freeze-dried at 60°C, ground into powder, and stored in cans at various temperatures of 35 to-20°C for long periods. At suitable intervals, aliquots of the powders were taken out and examined for its quality, using as indexes solubility in 0.6M KCL, relative viscosity and ATPase activity of 0.6M KCL extractable protein, and the total ATPase activity.
The higher the storage temperature, the less was the quality retention of the powder, especially the ones stored at higher tempearature than 20°C. So far as each period while the total ATPase activity of the powder was reducing to 0.01 μmol Pi/min mg total protein was concerned, the observed reaction velocity determination corresponded to Q10 of 3 to 4. Thus it was observed that low temperature storage was very important to the quality retention of lyophilized carp myofibrils.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (162K) -
鹿山 光, 今吉 純司, 荒木 繁, 小川 廣男, 大房 剛, 上野 順士, 斎藤 実1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 787-793
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDried laver “Nori” obtained from a Hyogo Prefectural product, Porphyra yezoensis, contains 2.5% of lipids; these consisted of polar lipods (PL), free fatty acids (FFA), and triglycerides (TG) as the main components. The fatty acid composition is characterized by the content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which amounts to as much as half, and of palmitic acid (PA), which may reach a quarter.
Changes of lipid oxidation in dried laver were investigated as a function of water activity (in the range of 0 to 0.6) during six months storage at 19±1°C. As the criteria of lipid oxidation, the ralative values of FFA/PL, TG/PL, and EPA/PA of each month to the irinitial values were tested.
In every case, aw 0.1 to 0.3 around the monolayer or safe storage moisture of dried laver protected the lipids from oxidation. On the contary, either an absolutely dry condition or intermediate water activities accelerated oxidation. Moreover, use of free-oxygen absorber inhibited the lipid oxidation of dried laver in the gas-barrier bag.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (512K) -
西岡 不二男, 志水 寛1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 795-800
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA lot of water soluble proteins are released from fish mince and lost into the washing during the leaching process of Kamaboko or surimi manufacture. In order to collect the proteins from these washings the “pH-shifting” method was tried. This method is based on a myogen-aggrega-tion phenomena, which occurs when a solution of sarcoplasmic proteins is acidified or alkalified beyond the critical pH zone of 4-5 or 9-11 respectively and then neutralized. The best condition for pH-setting was at first from pH 7 to <4 and then from <4 to 7-9. The maximum amount of precipitation was obtained by changing the pH from 7 to <4 and then to a value between 7 and 9, or from 7 to >12 and then to a value between 6 and 7. The precipitates were easily collected by centrifuging at a low centrifugal force of 300×g.
In this case, the temperature of washings and the time elapsed from acidification or alkalification until neutralization affect the recovery rate of the proteins. For obtaining the maximum recovery 60 min was needed at 10°C, but 20min was enough at 25°C. The percent recovery was higher (90% or more) for washings of red meat fish than for those from white meat fish (less than 70%), reflecting the magnitude of their myogen/myoalbumin ratio. Proteins collected were found to have lost the Kamaboko-jelly deteriorating action because of the denaturation resulting from the violent pH shift.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (487K) -
長島 裕二, 塩見 一雄, 山中 英明, 菊池 武昭1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 801-804
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAfter the rearing of short-necked clams Tapes japonica in sea water containing mercury chloride (HgCl2) or methyl mercury chloride (MeHgCl), the accumulation of mercury was examined with seven different tissues (adductor muscle, foot, mantle, siphon, gill, mid-gut gland, and others). Two tissues, gill and mid-gut gland, exhibited a remarkably higher accumulation of mercury than the other tissues. Moreover, regardless of the tissues, much higher accumulation of mercury was found in the case of rearing in MeHgCl-containing sea water, than in the case of rearing in HgCl2-containing sea water. When reared in HgCl2-containing sea water, only inorganic mercury was accumulated in shellfish. On the other hand, when reared in MeHgCl-containing sea water, about a half of the mercury accumulated in shellfish was MeHg and the rest inorganic mercury, indicating that MeHgCl ingested by shellfish is partly converted into inorganic mercury by rapid demethylation in shellfish themselves. Unlike in the case of mammals, no metallothionein was produced in shellfish as they ingested mercury.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (458K) -
手島 新一, 山崎 繁久, 金沢 昭夫, 平田 八郎1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 805
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (96K) -
小山 次朗1983 年 49 巻 5 号 p. 807
発行日: 1983/05/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (76K)
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