巻号一覧
51 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の26件中1～26を表示しています
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川村 軍蔵, 石田 健一1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 155-165
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOntogenetic development of the sense organs of the flounder, from newly hatched larvae to 72-day old juveniles was examined by light- and scanning electron-microscopy and correlation with changes in behaviour was made. The larvae are capable of horizontal orientation when the otic epithelium is ciliated at 6 hours from hatching. Newly hatched larvae have at least two types of olfactory receptor cells and a pair of free neuromasts with well developed cupula. At 9 hours from hatching, the larvae avoid obstacles by mechanoreception. At 3 days from hatching, eyes are deeply pigmented, the visual system is morphologically complete, and the larvae initiate feeding and are positively phototactic. Differentiation of the taste buds occurs 9 days from the onset of feeding, at this time, food preference is exhibited by the larvae in the sea. Retinal rod cells differentiate at 25 days and twin cones form at 29 days from hatching. Positive phototaxis disappears at 30 days and the larvae become nocturnally active at 33 days from hatching. The shif from pelagic to benthic habit occurs at this stage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1213K) -
天下井 清, 川島 利兵衛1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 167-174
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe authors considered the towing system of a trawler as consisting of the ship body, towing warp, trawl net and otter boards. In order to effectively control this system, it is necessary to know the characteristics of its dynamical response to waves, based on the dynamical relation between the ship's motions and the warp tension. For this purpose, experiments were performed using a self-propelled model of a 124 GT trawler 2 meters long and two kinds of fishing gear.
The results were analyzed and discussed. It was noticed that the dynamical relation between the ship's motions and the warp tension was the most important factor in relation to the twoing system of a trawler engaged in a fishing operation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (400K) -
中島 幹二, 増田 辰良1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 175-181
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA total of 299 specimens of the freshwater crab Geothelphusa dehaani, sampled from seven localities of Honshu and Shikoku, Japan, was examined in order to identify intraspecific local populations by the use of some indicators such as allele frequencies of isozymes, body color variations, amount of hairs, and external morphometric traits.
As the results, it became clear that this crab is composed of different local populations genetically isolated from each other. Differences in body color, amount of hairs and relative growth of several parts of the body made it possible to group these populations into two categories: one group with bluish coloration from Chiba and Kanagawa and another with brownish coloration from Iwate, Shizuoka, Osaka, and Kochi.
Homozygote excess at isozyme locus, commonly observed throughout different populations, strongly suggests that this species is inbreeding under natural conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1246K) -
ロン レバン, 青山 恒雄, 稲垣 正1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 183-190
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn studies of fish behavior or the ecology of schooling fish and in estimating fish biomass, information on fish position and size are required. A method was designed for determining the position of fish in three dimensions using stereo photographs taken with an under water stereo camera system. From the obtained fish positions, the distance between fish and the camera, the size, aspect and bearing angles of fish in the field of view of the camera were calculated. The absolute errors in measurement using the present method are 0.75% for length and 0.77% for distance. The method can be successfully applied to fish with any aspect within the field of view of the stereo camera system.
The results suggest that in situ information on fish can be studied in detail using this technique.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (515K) -
ロン レバン, 青山 恒雄1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 191-195
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA method was designed for measuring the spatial position of an arbitrary point in the field of view of an underwater stereo camera system. The distance between camera lens and fish, the size of fish, the aspect angle of fish in the field of view of the camera, and the bearing angle of fish relative to the camera optical axis can be calculated with high accuracy by using this method.
In the future, by use of a combination system of the stereo camera system and an echo sounder, it will be possible to obtain the echo level of fish in the sound beam and the above information derived from the simultaneous stereo photographs. Thus, it is expected that accurate estimation of the in situ acoustic target strength of fish will be possible.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (461K) -
魚谷 逸朗1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 197-204
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present study deals with the structure of feeding organs, and food at the larval stage or shirasu of the anchovy Engraulis japonica (HOUTTUYN). In this paper are discussed the relation between the development of feeding organs and feeding modes.
For this study, some 36, 000 anchovies are collected mainly from catches by shirasu boat seiners operating in the Suruga Bay from 1968 to 1976.
Feeding organs of anchovy larvae remain underdeveloped. For example, the mouth and the esophagus of a larva 10.3 mm TL. are as small as 1/30 and 1/20 of those of an adult 130.8 mm TL., respectively. The porosity of gill rakers of 0.04-0.20 for larval stages which represents filtering efficiency and the open area ratio of 0.40-1.06 for the same stages are only 1/15-1/30 and 1/2-1/4 of those for the adult, respectively. These values reach constant levels at 80 mm TL.
The “biting lunge” in anchovy larvae is a peculiar feeding mode for these larvae that have still underdeveloped feeding organs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (567K) -
舞田 正志, 塩満 捷夫, 池田 弥生1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 205-211
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe hemochemical assessment was made on cultured yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. Two year old fishes weighing about 2, 800g were fed on thawed sardine. Investigation was carried out in September, and seawater temperature was about 28°C. Methods of sampling and chemical analysis were reported previously.
Fishes assessed swam inactively with some pathological changes observed in almost all organs. Specimen numbers 1 and 5 had hepatic lesion judging from increase of aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), alanine aminotransferase (GPT) and alkaline phosphatase (Al-P) activities. No. 2 was anemic due to malnutrition. Nos. 3 and 4 were not comparatively serious in the condition of disease. No. 6 was in serious condition because of an anemia, undernutrition and hepatic malfunction. Nos. 7 and 8 were not comparatively serious in hepatic function. Nos. 5, 6, 7 and 8 had Streptococcicosis. Streptococcus sp. infection was associated with increases in plasma glucose level and Al-P activity. All specimens had feed trouble judging from the hemochemical assessment and patho-anatomical symptoms.
Fatness, hemoglobin, hematocrit, plasma constituents (total protein, urea-N, total cholesterol, glucose, inorganic P and chloride) and plasma enzymes (GOT, GPT and Al-P) were plotted in a climogram. The graph showed a characteristic pattern for the condition of health with varied extent and irregularity on the above fish examples. This shows the high utility value of this graph for health assessment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (457K) -
玉井 恭一1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 213-218
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe macrobenthic surveys have been carried out six times over the period October 1981 to September 1982 in Suo-nada. Paraprionospio sp. (type B) was the third species in numerical ranking in this area. The spawning occurred in July to September and the settlement in August to October. The longevity is about a year. The production estimation of this species was made by computing growth increments. The annual wet weight production was 42mg/m2 in sand area, 776mg/m2 in sandy mud area and 270mg/m2 in mud area. Both body dry weight and organic matter content constitute 23.0% of body wet weight. Annual wet weight production of this species in Suo-nada was estimated at 758 ton and this figure was less than 2.4% of total macrobenthic annual production.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (406K) -
麦谷 泰雄, 平林 重義, 大沢 照昭1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 219-225
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe otolith and vertebral centrum of the flatfish Limanda herzensteini were microradiographed to find differences in mineral density between the hayline and opaque zones. In the opaque zone of the otolith, the lamellated structure was well developed and appeared as several thick bands of dark brown. The interlamellar spaces contained some material which appeared light brownish under transmitted light. In the hyaline zone, however, the thick lamellae marked by the brown bands were not noticeable and instead thin lamellae containing little brownish material in the interlamellar spaces could be discerned. The thick lamellae showed the highest X-ray permeability and next came the brownish spaces between the lamellae of the opaque zone. Although the thin lamellae were slightly radiolucent, the hyaline zone showed the lowest X-ray permeability as a whole. High radiolucency was also observed in the central area of the otolith, which had a well-developed lamellated structure. In the centrum, the hyaline and opaque zones consisted of an assembly of lower-order opaque and hyaline layers, which were predominant in the respective zones. Microradiographs showed the opaque to be more radiolucent than the hyaline layers, indicating that as a whole the hyaline zone is more compact than the opaque zone. In conclusion, the otolith and the vertebral centrum showed the identical characteristic of having a higher degree of mineralization in the hyaline zones than in the opaque zones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1060K) -
安永 義暢1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 227-231
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA change of the swimming speed with growth of the flounder larvae Paralichtys olivaceus was studied using a small straight channel to observe their movement ability in the sea and in the seed production tank.
The swimming speed was measured taking into account the difference between the state of rheotaxis and the anaethetization of average transition time. This was accomplished using the definite length of the channel (50cm) and fifty larvae in each growth stage.
The current velocity of the channel was regulated to be about 10cm/s, and the water temperature was fixed to be 20°C and the salinity to be 34‰.
Larval swimming speed fluctuated less than 1.5cm/s and was not correlative with body length till thirteen days (TL 5.0mm) after hatching. The swimming speed increased rapidly from 2.2cm/s to 6.5cm/s correlatively with body length in a period of metamorphosis (TL 5.0-13.5mm). The swimming speed falls in the category of burst speed because the time for measurement is between five and fifteen seconds and is much less than that of adult fish of other species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (218K) -
安永 義暢1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 233-237
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe study of the swimming behaviour of the flounder larvae Paralichtys olivaceus (TL 9.0-12.0mm) was continued. The time, using a small circulation channel of which the major axis was about 30cm. The channel equipped with a blower to make a wind generated current and the current velocity was regulated to be about 10cm/s by adjusting the blow. Water temperature was fixed at 20°C and salinity at 34‰.
Swimming speed was measured on the difference of circulation time in the channel between that in the state of rheotaxis and that in the state of anaethetization.
Changing pattern of swimming speed for ten minutes was examined using ten individual larvae. The minimum average swimming speed was 1.0cm/s in the first minute and decreased rapidly to almost be 0cm/s in the next four minutes.
Long term changing pattern was observed for sixty minutes using six larvae. The average swimming speed through sixty minutes was 0.91cm/s and 0.86 times (cm/cm) of total length. Larval swimming stamina of flounder seems to be weak much less than that of adult fish of other species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (270K) -
北原 武1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 239-246
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAnalyses were made with yearly fluctuation in tile fish population size in the fishing area of the sweeping trammel net fishery in the central region of Wakasa Bay in order to obtain its characteristics, using the data on the fishery over the period of 1961 to 1981. The estimated population size ranged from 45 to 229 tons and showed a remarkably cyclical pattern with the period of less than five years, 1961-1981. The length and market size category compositions indicated that the cyclical pattern resulted mainly from the great year classes of 1959, 1964, 1968, 1971, 1975 and 1977 and negligibly poor year classes of the other years. Consequently, it follows that the six dominant year classes mainly supported the population, and hence the fishery, in that period. The time intervals between two subsequent dominant year classes are nearly within the mean number of breeding seasons of the female fish for a situation in which fishing pressure was hardly exerted on the population.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (492K) -
松谷 秀次郎, 瀬戸川 城将, 中元 秀剛, 若宮 建昭, 芝 哲夫1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 247-251
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSix citrulline peptides and citrulline amide were newly isolated from 50% methanol extract of red alga Grateloupia filicina which were collected at Echizen seacoast, Fukui Prefecture. These compounds were purified chromatographically and their structures were determined by EDMAN degradation or synthesis. Isolation of so many citrulline peptides from a single species of the red alga could be noticeable. However, their biosynthetic routes or physiological roles are not yet known. From the extract of the same alga, a unique basic compound (R)-3-methylsulfinylpropylamine was also isolated. This is the first isolation of the amine from marine algae although the same amine was already found in a terrestrial plant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (319K) -
北原 直1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 253-255
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe behavior of carotenoids in the course of maturation of the masu salmon was investigated in comparison with that of the chum salmon.
The behavior of carotenoids in the masu salmon during anadromous migration was similar to that of the chum salmon. With advancing maturation, the amount of carotenoids decreased in the muscle (0.76→0.06mg/100g) and increased in the skin (1.17→2.80mg/100g) and ovaries (1.24→1.72mg/100g)
As the matured masu salmon, the absorption spectra of crude carotenoids extracted from the muscle and the skin changed. In the ovaries, there was no changed observed.
With the advance of maturation, the astaxanthin rate in the muscle was largely reduced (80→55%). In the skin, the salmoxanthin rate decreased (39→22%) but the astaxanthin rate increased considerably (2→22%). In the ovaries, the composition of carotenoid did not change.
In the masu salmon during the anadromous migration period, astaxanthin was presumed to be converted into zeaxanthin, as was presumed for the chum salmon during the spawning period.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (179K) -
斉藤 俊郎, 野口 玉雄, 竹内 俊郎, 上村 俊一, 橋本 周久1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 257-260
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAttempts were made to examine the ichthyotoxicity of paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) in sixteen species of marine and freshwater fishes. Most of them showed minimum lethal doses (LD100) ranging from 1-8 MU/20g body weight when injected with a partially purified PSP intraperitoneally. Exceptionally, several fishes such as a goby Acanthogobius flavimanus (LD100, 9-17 MU/20g) and puffer Fugu niphobles (14-29 MU/20g) were resistant significantly. On the other hand, all the fishes tested showed much higher resistibility against PSP when administered orally: e. g., the LD100 value was 320-400 MU/20g in rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri and>400 MU/20g in tilapia Tilapia nilotica, 540-600 MU/20g in flatfish Limanda herzensteini, and>1, 700 MU/20g in tigerfish Therapon jarbua. This indicates that the fish generally is endowed with some defense mechanism against PSP.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (280K) -
今田 千秋, 鎌谷 明善, 森田 良美1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 261-265
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe copper complexing capacity (CC) of seawater was determined by a bioassay method using marine phytoplankton. Among the 4 species of phytoplankton tested for copper sensitivity, Thalassiosira decipiens was the most sensitive and was therefore selected for the bioassay.
CC of 17 seawater samples collected from Tokyo Bay, Sagami Bay, off Sanriku and East China Sea ranged from 15 to 210nM. Eutrophicated Tokyo Bay (St-1 and 2) had higher CC values compared to the other sea areas. Carbon normalized CC values (CC/DOC) showed a high positive correlation with both DOC (r=0.84) and chlorophyll a (r=0.81). UV-irradiation of the water samples resulted in a marked decline in the CC as well as DOC. These findings suggested that the CC of seawater may be mostly attributable to the easily decomposable organic matter originating from the phytoplankton. Laboratory experiment using artificial seawater showed that EDTA had the highest CC followed by NTA and histidine in decreasing order. These results suggested that CC depends on the stability constant rather than on the molecular weight of the chelator.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (245K) -
左子 芳彦, 石田 祐三郎, 門田 元, 畑 幸彦1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 267-272
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe environmental conditions regulating excystment of Peridinium cunningtonii which periodically formed blooms in the summer in Nagase Reservoir, Kochi Prefecture, were examined by use of clonal population and synthetic medium (MW1).
Cysts, which were sexually produced by inoculating into nitrogen and phosphorus deficient medium, were dormant and remained viable for at least 6months at 5°C in darkness. The darkcold treated cysts which had been stored at 5°C for 30days excysted at the frequency of 90%, when the incubation temperature was shifted up to 22°C. The temperature range for the excystment was between 18° and 26°C. The rates of excystment at 18° and 26°C were 30% and 44%, respectively. The optimum temperature for excystment was 22°C. No excystment occurred below 15°C. The excystment was independent of the nutritional conditions (nitrogen and/or phosphorus free medium (a)) and of the presence or absence of light. The cysts excysted and produced one vegetative cell retaining a large red body. This cell divided within 24h into daughter cells each with a red body. These results strongly suggest that the excystment of overwintering cysts of P. cunningtonii provides seed population for the bloom of this dinoflagellate in the reservoir.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (547K) -
松宮 政弘, 大竹 茂夫1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 273-278
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーYellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, carp Cyprinus carpio, and eel Anguilla japonica were kept in feeding and in no feeding, and the diamine oxidase activities in the organs of the fishes were assayed by using cadaverine and histamine as the substrates.
The diamine oxidase activities in the digestive organs of yellowtail kept in feeding were higher than the activities of the fish kept in no feeding. But, the activity of the diamine oxidase in the carp kept in feeding didn't obviously increase. In the eel diamine oxidase activities were observed on only the fishes which were kept in no feeding for more than about 40 days.
The homogenate of the intestines of carp kept in feeding, carp kept in no feeding, and eel kept in no feeding were fractionated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The fractions exhibiting diamine oxidase activity were searched and some properties of the enzymes were ex-amined.
Three protein fractions were observed in all the chromatogram and the diamine oxidase activities were recognized in fraction III in the carp kept in feeding and in the eel. In the carp kept in no feeding, the diamine oxidase activities were recognized slightly in fraction II and mainly in fraction III.
The enzymologycal properties of the diamine oxidase in these fishes were similar to each other; The optimal pH values of the enzymes of these fishes were at 6. 2-7. 1 and 7. 3-7. 6 when histamine and cadaverine were utilized as the substrates, respectively. The enzymes showed high activities on cadaverine and putrescine, and were inhibited strongly by aminoguanidine and slightly by EDTA.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (365K) -
中川 平介, 熊井 英水, 中村 元二, 笠原 正五郎1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 279-286
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of algae as feed supplementary was determined on yellow tail Seriola quinqueradiata in terms of serological parameters and proximate composition of the dorsal muscle. Fish of 144g in body weight were reared for 60 days in floating nets. Control group was fed on sand lance Ammodytes personatus.
One percent of hot water-extract from Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorella-extract group) or 0.5% of kelp Laminaria digitata (kelp meal group) was supplemented to the above basal diet (sand lance). The supplementaries had no effect on body weight gain or feed conversion efficiency. The kelp meal depressed the lipid, non-protein nitrogen, and amino nitrogen levels in the serum, and elevated the muscle lipid level. Chlorella-extract, however, did not cause significant alteration in serum constituents and proximate composition of the muscle.
After 60 days of feeding, the fish were kept in indoor tanks without feeding for 23 days. Body weight loss was not significantly distinct among the 3 groups. Nevertheless, the serum lipid and nonesterified fatty acid levels were characteristically changed under the starvation period in response to the dietary regimen. The muscle lipid loss was higher in the kelp meal group than the control group. Furthermore, the suppression of breakdown of muscle protein was found in the Chlorella-extract group and the kelp meal group.
These results showed that the kelp meal contributed to accelerate the lipid deposition to the muscle and to mobilize the lipid to energy. The importance of algae supplement in yellow tail, was discussed in relation to improvement of lipid metabolism which had a close connection with the health condition of the fish.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (485K) -
須山 三千三, 平野 敏行, 山崎 承三1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 287-294
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to elucidate the origin and characteristics of the odor of fresh ayu (sweet smelt), the olfactory evaluation and the identification of volatile components of wild ayu, cultured ayu, and sessile algae as a natural diet for wild ayu were carried out. The characteristic odor of wild ayu was more in the viscera and skin, and resembled closely to that of the sessile algae. The main hydrocarbons, alcohols, and aldehydes were identified by GC and/or GC-MS, and it was indicated that 2-trans-6-cis-nonadienal and cis-3-hexenol have played an important role in the occurrence of the odor in the wild ayu. On the other hand, the cultured ayu differed in the pattern of the components and showed the existence of a lot of pristane which seemed to be caused by the lipid in the artificial diet.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (460K) -
杉田 治男, 中島 利之, 出口 吉昭1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 295-299
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMicroflora in the contents of intestinal tracts of Bullfrog at different stages of its development was investigated using 7 different agar media, and major bacterial components were as follows: Tadepoles, Bacteroides A-like, other Bacteroidaceae, helically coiled and filamentous rods, Pseudomonas, A. hydrophila and pin-hole colony formers; metamorphosing tadpoles with hind legs, Bacteroides A-like, other Bacteroidaceae, Clostridium and pin-hole colony formers; frogs, Bacteroidaceae, Clostridium, C. freundii, C. diversus, E. coli, E. hafniae, K. pneumoniae, A. hinshawii and P. shigelloides. The differences of the intestinal microflora may depend on the changes of physiological conditions of host animals, and it is found that frogs is an important experimental animal to study the interaction between the intestinal microflora and host animals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (359K) -
大西 登史良, 鈴木 満平, 菊地 嶺1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 301-308
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeveral carbohydrase activities were determined on the crystalline styles and the hepatopancreata from 50 species of shellfish.
Laminarinase activity was the highest of other carbohydrase activities in most species. The activity was generally higher in bivalves than in gastropods, especially the crystalline style of certain species such as Gomphina melanaegis, surf clam Mactra chinensis, egg cockle Fulvia mutica have remarkable high activities, reducing sugars produced by those species during 2h at 37°C were 50-70% of the initial substrate weigh. On the contrary, the degradation activities on structural polysaccharides were rather high in small herbivorous gastropods; especially Acmaeidae on alginic acid, Patellidae on xylan, and Littorina brevicula, Batillus cornutus, Patelloida sp. on microcrystalline cellulose, respectively. Although the degradation activity on fucoidan was widely distributed, it was not so strong in most of the species. Degradation activities on the Kombu powder and the Kombu extraction residue were also determined in shellfish, and compared with a commercial cellulase preparations. The activity of chiton Liolophura japonica was close to that of the commercial enzyme on the degradation of the Kombu powder, while sugars produced due to both enzymes were quite different.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (931K) -
醍醐 絹江, 宇津 敦, 荒川 修, 野口 玉雄, 瀬戸 治男, 橋本 周久1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 309-313
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAttempts were made to isolate neosaxitoxin (neoSTX) from a xanthid crab Zosimus aeneus collected at Ishigaki Island, Okinawa Prefecture. Crab specimens were minced and extracted with acidic ethanol, and the extract chromatographed successively on Amberlite IRC-50, Bio-Gel P-2 and Bio-Rex 70 to isolate neoSTX. The neoSTX preparation thus obtained was homogeneous in both thin-layer chromatography and cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis. The neoSTX preparation showed a1H-NMR spectrum which coincided well with that in literature. The specific toxicity of this toxin was found to be 3, 900MU/mg. The dose-death time curve was clearly distinguishable from the curve of saxitoxin. Acid hydrolysis resulted in formation of a product whose electrophoretic and thin-layer chromatographic behaviors differed from any of known paralytic shellfish poisons.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (665K) -
丸山 俊朗, 三浦 昭雄, 吉田 多摩夫1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 315-320
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of unchlorinated activated sludge effluent from a municipal sewage treatment plant on the growth of Porphyra yezoensis were inverstgated for different effluent dosages with different degrees of salinity by means of in vitro static culture. To clarify the effect of the effluent on the Porphyra thalli, the length of thalli and the absorbance spectra of living thalli were measured every two days. The number of dead cells in a thallus were counted using a microscope 10 days after the start of the culture, followed by a erythrosine staining. While increasing the effluent dosage to about 5% by volume, the relative length of thalli decreased rapidly and the number of dead cells quickly increased, and they were enhanced with the lower salinity. When the effluent dosages was above 5%, the relative length of thalli and the number of dead cell had a definite value for each degree of salinity. The absorbance spectra (350-750nm) and absorbance ratio (567nm/676nm) of living thalli increased when the effluent dosage and exposure time were increased.
The above mentioned results suggest that the activated sludge effluent of municipal waste-water may have an adverse effect on the growth of Porphyra thalli.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (480K) -
石井 紀明, 生田 國雄, 小柳 卓1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 321
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (685K) -
塚本 勝巳, 内田 和男, 村上 恭祥, 猿渡 実, 梶原 武1985 年 51 巻 2 号 p. 323
発行日: 1985/02/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (86K)
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