巻号一覧
53 巻, 5 号
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張 成年, 藤尾 芳久1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 691-693
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe genetic differentiation among local populations (GST) was reviewed in 20 decapod crusta-ceans which could be classified into three groups; marine, anadromous, and landlocked. The mean GST values in each group significantly increased in the order of marine (0.039), “anadromous”(0.090), and landlocked (0.228) groups. These variations are mainly contributed to geographic barriers. Distinct GST values, however, were observed even between species within a group (especially marine and anadromous). This suggested that species-specific dispersal ability and migratory character are contributory to the differentiated level of GST among species besides the intensity of geographic barriers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (260K) -
井上 喜洋, 長洞 幸夫, 渡部 俊広, 石田 亨一1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 695-698
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs set-nets are a type of fixed fishing gear, the reaction of fish has great effect on the function of the gear. Fish behaviour in the salmon set-net fishing ground off the coast of Sanriku (North East region of Japan) was investigated using ascanning sonar. The research was held before and after the construction of the set-net, in order to study the influence of the set-net on the fish schools and its capturing function.
The results were that before the construction, salmon schools moved parallel to the coast with the flow of the water, however after the construction of the set-net, they left the coast at right-angles and then moved to the mouth of the set-net, owing to the leader-net. Variations of the fish behaviour related to the capturing process of the set-net were found only around the fishing gear. Salmon schools moved parallel along the edge of the floating plants for aquaculture in the same way as they behaved with the leader-net.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (969K) -
井上 喜洋, 長洞 幸夫1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 699-704
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe research was conducted between 1982 and 1985 in large and small bays stretching alongthe coast of Sanriku that had their entrances on the East side. The set-nets for salmon weremainly constructed in those bays. The behaviour of the salmon schools was investigated using ascanning sonar around the four set-nets which were located in different areas of defferent bays.
Salmon schools came into the bay from the North side and moved around the bay in an anti-clockwise direction, then went out of the bay from the South side. The route of fish school wasregarded to correspond with the flow of water in the bay. The set-nets were constructed in the North and South coast of the bay, the fish route blocked by leader-nets. Salmon schools werecaught in the set-nets having been induced to enter by the leader-net.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (442K) -
小長谷 庸夫, 蔡 慶華1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 705-709
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTracking experiments of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molltrfx and bighead Aristickthys nobitis were carried out in Lake Donghu, Wuhan, China.
The swimming behaviors of the fishes were analyzed by means of telemetric method; The signal from an acoustic transmitter (ginger) carried by the fish was received by sonobuoys which were moored at three points on the surface of the water and was linked to a base station on a ship by radio. The position of the fish was determined in succession by the differences of the travelling times of sonic pulses from the fish to the buoys.
The results are summarized as follows;
1) Both fishes were slow in movement and showed the same swimming behaviors: Usually they swam at the speed of less than 30cm/s and stayed in the experimental area through the surveyed periods.
2) Relation between swimming time T (%) and swimming speed υ (cm/s) was represented'as T=1816υ-1.54.
3) Maximum Ievel of economic speed of the fishes was estimated to lie below 200cm/s.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (355K) -
ソロモン Ｇ．, 佐野 光彦, 清水 誠, 能勢 幸雄1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 711-716
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1006K) -
谷口 順彦, 木島 明博, 深井 淳二1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 717-720
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGynogenetic diploids and triploids of ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis were induced by retaining the second polar body of the fertilized egg by cold shock using parents of 24 males and 12 females. The Gpi-1 isozyme locus was detected for the control diploid, gynogenetic diploid, and triploid populations. The heterozygous triploids, which are specified in density distribution of three bands were easily distinguished from the heterozygous diploids control. The recombination rate between Gpi-1 and centromere was estimated as 100% based on the percentages of recombinants and non-recombinants derived from one parent which was rare genotype Gpi-1(A/C). The heterogygosity was very high at Gpi-1 locus;0.490 in control diploid population, 0.517 in gynogenetic diploid population, and 0.800 in triploid population. The observed values of heterorygosity well accorded with those expected by the allelic frequencies in parents used here. The meaning of recombination was discussed from the view points of breeding science.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (274K) -
高橋 幸則, 河原 栄二郎1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 721-725
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo elucidate the immune relations between mother and the newborn fry in guppy Poecilia reticulata, mother guppies were immunized by intraperitoneal injection with formalin-killed Aeromonas hydrophita and agglutinating antibody titers and precipitating antibody in body fluid of mother guppies and the newborn fry were investigated.
Agglutinating antibody in the body fluid of the immunized mother guppies appeared from 7 to 84 days after immunization. The antibody titers in mother guppies increased ranging from 1:32 to 1:64 four weeks after immunization. Agglutinating antibody in the body fluid of newborn fry borne by immunized mother guppies was detected from 14 to 75 days after mother guppies were immunized. The antibody titers in newbom fry increased ranging from 1:16 to 1:32 about five weeks after mother guppies were immunized. Each body fluid of immunized mother guppy and the newborn fry showed a precipitin line formation against sonicated A. hydrophila.
The above-mentioned results suggested that the antibody was transmitted from mother guppy to fetus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (562K) -
中村 薫1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 727-731
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe diurnal rhythm of feeding was examined by the removal, covering, local cauterization and local cutting of the eyestalk for clarification on the portion of the optic ganglion related to its mechanism in the prawn P. japonicus.
From the results of the removal and covering experiments, it was confirmed that the eyestalk participated endogeneously in the maintenance of the prawn's diurnal rhythm. The local opera-tions of cauterization and cutting indicated the medulla terminalis of the optic ganglion as the essential site of the mechanism, because of the disappearance of the diurnal rhythm after each treatment.
Further, histological investigation was tried to identify the medullary cells as components of the mechanism for the prawns reared under two different conditions of continuous light. After rearing for 10 and 30 days, the cells revealed a significant change in the diametric ratio of the nucleus to its cytoplasm (nuceeo-cytoplasm ratio) between the day-time and night-time samplings, notwithstanding the rearing period and light condition.
The medulla terminalis was supposed to be the oscillator, or its component, of the biological clock in the prawn due to its stable rhythmicity with the cellular activity reflected from the nucleo-cytoplasrn ratio.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (366K) -
菅野 泰次1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 733-738
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーReproductive ecology of female tanner crab Chionoecetes opilio was studied by the use of six samples caught by traps and trawl net in the southwestern Okhotsk Sea from 1970 to 1971.
Frequency distribution of the carapace width of the mature female in range 46-95mm were distinguished into several length groups composed of normal distribution with distinct modes, presumably corresponding with the plural molting instars in mature female.
Main spawning season was restricted from May to June. Gonad index (IGI) showed custo-marily bimodal distribution for most of the year to suggest a reproductive cycle with two year period.
Individual variations of five measurements in the reproductive characteristics were analyzed by means of principal component analysis, consequently, variations of total egg numbers and clutch weight in the pleopods are both chiefly controlled by body size. On the contrary, the size of an egg shown as egg numbers per gram clutch weight, has a tendency to be independent withthe body size.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (477K) -
今田 克, 宇宿 友淳, 斉藤 祐一, 安藤 真1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 739-765
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーArtificial culture of the laver thalli of the genus Porphyra sp. was carried out using a 2m3-tank and the following results were obtained.
1. Through floating culture using bubbling-stirring tank provided with draft, the layer thallishowed favorable growth with maximum culture density of layer thalli: 600g(dry)/m3; maximum productivity of laver per unit volume: 60.3g(dry)/m3•day; minimum electric power consumed for lighting: 0.80 KWH/g(dry); and maximum daily growth: 30%/day.
2. As the source of light, mercury lamps, particularly, thallium mercury lamps were used and experiments were carried out with strong light at a illumination intensity of up to 350 klx. Under this condition, the growth was lowered to 70% due to hindrance by storng light but still adaily growth of 10%/day could be maintained.
3. Mechanical stirring was attempted in place of bubbling-stirring and it was revealed that with a gentle stirring at 75 rpm, it was possible to substitute mechanical stirring for bubbling-sturing.
4. Use of artificial seawater for a long period was studied and 100 days continuous use was achieved.
5. Germling culture in a large tank was also studied using the spore collection method usingshell meal as the substrate. It was confirmed that a large scale germling culture can be utilized without substantial problem.
6. Amethod of measuring the speed of CO2-uptake based on the pH change of the culture liquor in the tank was devised and using this method, periodical change of the ability of photo-synthesis during the light and dark periods was pursued or the light saturation was measured. The ability of photosynthesis during the light period is lowered with time, while it tends to recoverduring the dark period.
7. The quality of the artificially cultured layer thalli was compared with that of a maricultured product by means of elemental analysis. As the result, it was recognized that the layer of artificial culture was comparable to the maricultured product of superior quality.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1876K) -
増田 育司, 竹岡 昇一郎, 多部田 修, 道津 喜衛1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 767-772
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGenetic differences between the two newly described swellfishes of the genus Lagocephalus, L. gloveri and L. wheeleri, from southern Kyushu, Japan were investigated by electrophoretic methods. At ten out of sixteen loci the two species did not share alleles. A genetic distance of 1.249 was found between the two species and falls within the range of values between intrageneric species of marine teleosts. One hybrid was found in 318 specimens. These data indicate that the two species maintain separate gene pools and for the most part are reproductively isolated. The biochemical-genetic data support the conclusions, based on morphology, that the two types of L. lunaris spadiceus are discrete species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (532K) -
石尾 真弥, 西本 敦史, 中川 久機1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 773-787
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to know the cause of the scarcity of flagellate red tide in the eutrophicated waters of Ariake Bay, acetone extracts were prepared from sediments for the analysis of chtorophyll in the sediments and for the bioassay of the growth inhibiting effects on Gyrodinium sp. For dissolvingthe acetone extracts in water, 40 ppm Tween 20 was used. The promotive and inhibitory effects were seen depending on the sampling points. The inhibitory effects were observed in offshore waters. When 2, 200 ppm DMSO which was confirmed to be safe was used, strong in-hibitory effects were revealed and the lowest lethal concentrations (LLC) ranged from 0.07 to 2.74 ppm, statistically 0.68±0.63 ppm. The causal substance was named as dinoflagellate growth inhibitor (DGI). If the potency of the acetone extract of 1 kg dried sediment inducing a certain quantity of liters of environmental water toxic to Gyrodinium sp. causing death is expressed as LLC equivalent, the contents of DGI in the sediments of Ariake Bay ranged from 333 to 14, 560, statistically 3, 867±3, 246 in LLC equivalent. Since chemical industrial wastes had been dis-charged for a long period in Ariake Bay, the waste components separated from the sediment in the vicinity of the outfall were subjected to the same bioassay. A certain fraction with the LLC of 0.4 ppm was found, but its yield was too small for the broad distribution of DGI in Ariake Bay. In Hakata Bay, where frequent diatom and occasional flagellate red tides occurred in summer and the inflow of the chemical industrial wastes were negligible, the distribution of DGI was also observed. The LLC of the acetone extracts ranged from 0.65 to 10.1 ppm, statistically 3.14±2.31 ppm. The contents of DGI in the sediments ranged from 231 to 1, 428, statistically 761±358 in LLC equivalent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (970K) -
小国 盛稔, 猪上 徳雄, 大井 嘉代子, 信濃 晴雄1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 789-794
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to study the participation of concentrated salt solution in denaturation of myosin Bduring frozen storage, carp myosin B in KCI solution was stored for 17 days in frozen and super-cooled state at-8°C and the extent of denaturation was compared. The comparison was also made with that of myosin B stored at O°C and frozen-stored at-20°C. The extent of denatura-tion was followed up by changes in solubility, Ca-ATPase activity, reduced viscosity and streamingbirefringence of the solutign, and form of myosin B filaments. The apparent rate constant forinactivation of Ca-ATPase(kD, day-1)of myosin B in O storage was 0.018 and those in-8°C-supercooled-and-20°C-frozen-storage were equally 0.074. In contrast to the above values, the kD in-8°C-frozen-storage was 0.691 at a very early stage(0-2 days)and 0.028 for the period ofthe subsequent 15 days. The reduced viscosity of the myosin B solution decreased rapidly withinaday when stored in the frozen state at-8°C, but decreased very slowly within the first 3 dayswhen stored in the supercooled state at the same temperature. In the case of the-8°C-frozen-storage, the streaming birefringence was not detected after a day, but in the cases of three otherstorage conditions it could be observed. The electron microscopic observation showed that thedeformation of myosin B filaments was accelerated is the early stage of-8°C-frozen-storage.Their filamentous form changed to granular form and the filamentous form of myosin B disap-peared after 2 days. During both-8°C-supercooled-storage and-20°C-frozen-Storage, themorphological change of myosin B filaments occurred gradually and the extent of the change was very similar in each case, and the filamentous form of myosin B remained intact even after 17 days. These findings show that the denaturation of myosin B during-8°C-frozen-storage isaccelerated to some extent by temperature depression itself and significantly by concentrated unfrozen KCI solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1440K) -
佐藤 守, 吉中 禮二, 黒島 良介, 森本 晴之, 池田 静徳1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 795-799
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo know a physiological role of vitamin in the development of fish eggs, changes in the con-tents of ascorbic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, niacin and vitamin B6, and activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in developing rainbow trout eggs were determined.
The ascorbic acid content rapidly decreased by half level on third day after fertilization, thereafter the vitamin tended to decrease during development. The sac fry, when a substantial amount of the yolk had disappeared, retained the ascorbic acid and was about one fourth of that of the initial eggs. The amounts of thiamine, pantothenic acid and biotin were reduced by half during the course of development, while niacin content tended to increase after hatching. The amounts of vitamin B6 decreased by about 45% during the course of the development. Some variation of the composition were found: the concentration of pyridoxal decreased appreciably, while those of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate and pyridoxamine increased in the course of development.
The activities of GOT and GPT were very low in the early stages of development. After hatching, the activities of the vitamin B6 enzymes increased greatly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (356K) -
田中 啓陽1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 801-807
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper presents an experimentally verified theory for the mathematical and biochemical progression of aerobic degradation of dissolved organic matter. The stoichiometric model of biochemical oxidation of organic matter is proved by three reactions: 1) the combination of the synthesis of microbial cells directly and oxidative conversion into another carbohydrate, 2) the synthesis of microbial cells from the carbohydrate, and 3) the oxidation of microbial cells through endogenous respiration. On the basis of the three chemical reactions, the progress of BOD is mathematically represented as the sum of three first order kinetics. Kinetics parameter is deter-mined by the modification of Lee's graphical method.
Excluding the affects of nitrification, the curve obtained from the sum of three first order kinetics agrees well with the observed data. The agreement between the theoretical oxygen demand calculated from chemical equation and experimental ultimate oxygen demand obtained from kinetic analysis of data is excellent for reactions in the microbial growth phase (the reaction of 1 and 2 noted above). And the experimental data on bio-oxidation solids production corresponds very nearly to the theoretical value obtained from chemical equation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (468K) -
生田 國雄, 中原 元和1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 809-812
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAfter the artificial and the natural exposures to 54-Mn and stable-Mn, the concentrations, distribution rates and localization tendencies of the two nuclides in various tissues of the carni-vorous gastropod, V. ampullacea perryi were compared between the female and the male.
Concentrations of 54-Mn in various tissues of the female were nearly equal to those of the male except external genitalia was higher in the male. For stable-Mn, the concentrations in various tissues differed between the female and the male with a few exceptions. Especially in gonads, the stable nuclide concentration was higher in the ovaries than the spermaries with the ratio of 18.49.
The distribution rate of the stable nuclide in the ovaries came up to ca. 70%, which was about ten times higher than that of the radionuclide. In the spermaries, distribution rates of the two nuclides resembled in each exposure group less than 2%.
Therefore, the distribution mode of 54-Mn differed greatly from that of stable-Mn in gonads. These internuclidic differences in the tissue distribution was not observed in the herbivorous gas-tropod Haliotis discus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (357K) -
趙 舜榮, 宮下 和夫, 宮沢 陽夫, 藤本 健四郎, 金田 尚志1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 813-817
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe oxidative stabilities of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as eico-sapentaenoate (EPA) and decosahexaenoate (DHA) were compared with those of linoleate (Lo) and linolenate (Ln) under light irradiation. Ethyl esters of these polyenoic acids were oxidized in separated sealed glass cylinders with constant agitation at 5°C under a fluorescent irradiation (90 Lux). Oxidation was followed by quantifying oxygen absorption, peroxide value, TLC and high pressure gel permeation chromatography. Both EPA and DHA were rapidly oxidized without a distinct induction period, while the induction periods of Ln and Lo were 1-2 and 15 days, respectively. The relative oxygen uptakes (Lo=1) during the first two days were as follows: Ln 99; EPA 743; DHA 948. We did not detect any significant differences in the oxidation rate during the propagation stage among the esters tested. The low values of OOH-oxygen/total oxygen uptake observed in polyenoic esters with more than 3 double bonds suggest the unstability of hydroperoxide in these esters. The major secondary products in EPA and DHA were polar materials consisting mainly of dimers. The intermolecular linkage distribution of dimers of PUFA commonly showed 80% C-O-O-C and 20% C-O-C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (347K) -
長島 裕二, 丸山 純一, 野口 玉雄, 橋本 周久1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 819-823
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn ion-pairing high performance liquid chromatographic method using a silica ODS columnwas developed for analysis of paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) and tetrodotoxi (TTX). As mobile phase is used a mixture of 0.05M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 2 mM heptanesulfonicacid/methanol (99:1) for separation of gonyautoxins and TTXs, and the one (75:25) for separa-tion of saxitoxins. PSP and TTX members thus separated were detected as fluorogenic sub-stances, by heating with a periodate reagent (for PSP), or with 3N NaOH (for TTX).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (352K) -
佐藤 秀一, 竹内 俊郎, 渡辺 武1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 825-832
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFeeding experiments were conducted to examine availability to carp of Mn contained in white fish meal and that of various Mn compounds (MnSO4, MnCO3, MnO2, MnCl2) and to determine a minimum supplementary Mn levels to white fish meal based diet for normal growth of carp. The lowest growth and the highest rate of occurrence of dwarfism were observed in the fish receiving a diet without supplementary Mn (No-Mn diet) and were effectively improved by the addition of Mn at a level more than 10μg/g wlth MnSO4 or MnCl2, but not by MnO2 and MnCO3.
The results of these experiments have demonstrated that supplementation of Mn at more than 10μg/g to white fish meal diets is necessary to obtain normal growth of carp without appearance of dwarfism and that MnSO4 or MnCl2 is most suitable as a Mn source. No Mn diets used in these experiments contained 2-3μg of Mn/g diet derived mostly from white fish meal, and the addition of 10μg of Mn to the diets, namely 12-13μg of Mn in total is equivalent to the Mn re-quirement of carp which resulted in satisfactory performance in terms of growth, feed efficiency and nonappearance of dwarfism. This result indicates a high availability to carp of Mn in white fish meal. The availability of MnO2 and MnCO3 to carp was found to be low in carp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (493K) -
山本 義和, 伊達 かおる1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 833-839
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAttempts were made to elucidate the protective mechanism against acute cadmium toxicity in the rainbow trout which was previously exposed to a cadmium solution at low concentration.
Fish specimens weighing about 130g, which were previously kept in tap water or 0.009ppm cadmium solution for 15 days, were intraperitoneally administered with 0.75mg of cadmium per kg body weight. During pretreatment with cadmium, this metal accumulated in the liver, kidney, gill, intestine and vertebrae of the fish. Liver and kidney extract of the cadmium exposed speci-wens gave rise to two distinct peaks of metallothionein when subjected to gel chromatography. The level of metallothionein thus induced was higher in kidney than in liver. Asubsequent ad-ministration of high level of cadmium inhibited alkaline phosphatase in serum and lowered calcium levels in serum and vertebrae. On the other hand, pretreatment with cadmium prevented these toxicological changes.
Kidney metallothionein was supposed to be responsible for the increased tolerance against cadmium toxicity of rainbow trout pretreated with a low level of this metal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (524K) -
若林 明子, 菊地 幹夫, 呉 潤根, 吉田 多摩夫, 小島 はるみ, 斉藤 穂高1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 841-845
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRainbow trout Salmo gairdneri and carp Cyprinus carpio were exposed to 203HgCl2 at aconcentration of 0.5μg-Hg/l.
At relatively short-term(40h)exposure, the mean bioconcentration factor(BCF)of rainbowtrout was affected by pH of buffered exposure solution and was high at low pH as compared with that in high pH.
The BCF for the exposure of 17 days in the artificial water was about 800 for rainbow trout and carp, but the concentrations of 203Hg in fishes and those in the solution were not in equilibrium.The profile of bioconcentration in the river water was similar to that in the artificial water. The equilibrium BCF estimated using a simple linear differential equation were several thousands.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (350K) -
若目田 篤, 尾崎 弘忠, 野中 道夫, 新井 健一1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 847-852
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe Myosin B from carp and white croaker muscles were treated at 10° in a medium con-taining 1.0 M NaCl and 40mM Tris-maleate (pH 7.0), and the myosin B was taken out for dialysis against 0.5M KCl-40mM Tris-maleate(pH 7.0).
The denaturation of the treated myosin B were measured after a lapse of time by changes of ATPase activities, viscosities with and without ATP, the ultracentrifugal sedimentation pattern, the subunits composition by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and gel filtration profile on Sepharose Cl-4B.
Under the condition, white croaker myosin B was denatured noticeably but carp myosin Bwas almost negligible. It was further found that myosin B from white croaker and the dissocia-tion into actin and myosin accompanied rapid loss of myosin-binding ability of actin and relativelyslowed the inactivation of myosin ATPase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1406K) -
石川 昌史, 伊沢 郡蔵, 大森 巍, 吉原 賢二1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 853-859
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーQuantitative variation of 12 elements such as K, Ca, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Sr, Rb, I and Pb in a brown algae, hijiki, Hizikia fusiforme, was observed from June 1982 through July 1983, using simultaneous multi-element analysis of PIXE. The patterns of variation on the ele-mental concentration were found to be classified into three groups.
Br and Sr were complex in their annual variation patterns, showing minimum values in Jan., Mar. and Aug., which may relate to the physiological aspects of the sea algae concerned. Though three hollows were also found for Ca, its variation was typical in demonstrating minimum values just after the respective harvestings by fishermen.
Fe, Co, Cu, Rb and Pb were elements with peaks showing a maximum only in Aug., probably influenced by environmental causes such as atmospheric pollution or seasonal changes of tides and currents around the experimental area.
No variation was found for the element K, which is considered as a main component of algae tissues. A similar pattern was observed for such element as As, which also behaves as essential elements in the algae tissue.
Iodine showed an irregular variation pattern, presenting triple peaks during the period. How-ever, the corresponding hollows did not coincide with the results given by elements like Sr and Br, which had similar patterns.
The ranges of the variations between maximum and minimum values had a factor of 2-3. Radioecologically, the differences may explain significance of the results as certain indicators, when submitting more precise radiation doses applying concentration factors for radionuclides released from nuclear facilities into the sea.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (540K) -
金庭 正樹, 板橋 豊, 高木 徹1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 861-866
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe fatty acid details of 2 species of Chlorophyta and Rhodophyta, and 5 species of Phaeophyta were elucidated by open-tubular gas-liquid chromatography. These algae contained a small amount of the unusual 5-olefinic acids such as 5-20:1, 5, 11-20:2, 5, 13-20:2, 5, 11, 14-20:3, and 5, 11, 14, 17-20:4 ( ?? 0.3%). The main 5-olefinic acids in sea urchin lipids such as 5-20:1, 5, 11-20:2 and 5, 13-20:2 were hardly seen in algal lipids. Therefore, it is assumed that these 5-olefinic acids in sea urchin lipids are not incorporated from algae as foods of sea urchin, but synthesized in sea urchins. The unusual 7-olefinic acids (7, 13-22:2 and 7, 15-22:2) formed by C2 elongation of 5, 11-20:2 and 5, 13-20:2 were also found in some algae slightly ( ?? 0.1%). Chlorophyta contained high levels of C16 (15.9-30.4%) and C18 (38.0-52.5%) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and 22:5 (n-3) (2.0-6.0%). The major fatty acid components of Phaeophyta were C18 (15.4-44.0%) and C20 (11.5-33.5%) PUFA. Rhodophyta contained high levels of 20:4 (n-6) and 20:5 (n-3). The sums of these fatty acids in this class were more than 50%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (379K) -
Md. Kamal, 元広 輝重1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 867-872
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe genus Eurotimn was found to be most sensitive to the medium containing potassium sorbate alone or in combination with salmine sulfate. The tested agents were also found effective for inhibiting the growth of Botryotina fukelina, Epicoccum purpurascens and Aspergillus conicus. The synergistic effect upon the growth inhibition of molds was greater than sorbate alone when the concentration of the mixture of salmine and sorbate was raised from 500 to 1000μg per ml medium. Combined effect of the mixture of 0.05% salmine sulfate plus 0.05% sorbate exerted inhibitory effect on the growth of mold species. The combination of 0.08-0.09% salmine sulfateplus 0.02-0.01% sorbate were found suitable for inhibiting a number of molds. The pH greatlyinfluenced the survivability of spores in presence of both the preservatives. However, the com-bination of 0.08% salmine sulfate plus 0.02% sorbate exerted lethal effect on the survivability ofconidial spores in a wide pH range.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (446K) -
長屋 裕, 中村 清1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 873-879
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRecent 239, 240Pu and 137Cs concentrations in some marine biota collected mostly from the seas around Japan were determined. Ash samples were digested with hot nitric acid, and the radionuclides were purified by ion exchange processes, then their alpha and beta radioactivitieswere measured.
239, 240Pu concentrations were in levels of 1/10 to 1/100 of 137Cs concentrations, and showedvalues of some pCi/100 kg-raw in muscles. No clear difference was observed in the contents of the radionuclides of muscles between shallow waters and deep bottom inhabitants.
Considerahle variation in 239, 240Pu concentrations were shown among organs and tissues, but 137Cs showed no such discrepancy.
Apparent high concentration factors(CF)for 137Cs of the deep water inhabitants were sup-posed to be caused by the contribution of the food chain in the deep sea.
Concentrations of the radionuclides in krill and fur seal were also discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (483K) -
醍醐 絹江, 荒川 修, 野口 玉雄, 宇津 敦, 橋本 周久1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 881-884
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTwo xanthid crabs, toxic species Zosimus aeneus and nontoxic species Daira perlata wereexamined for resistibility against paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) and tetrodotoxin (TTX). In the former crab, the minimum lethal dose (MLD) of scallop PSP consisting mainly of gonyautoxinswas estimated to be 10, 000 MU/20g body weight, and MLD of TTX 1, 000 MU/20g, both MLD values being comparable to the corresponding values in another toxic xanthid crab Atergatis floridus reported previously. On the other hand, D. perlata was not resistible against scallop PSP and TTX, both MLDs being around 1 MU/20g. However, some specimens of this crabwere found to survive when crab PSP consisting mainly of saxitoxins was administered at levels of 100-500 MU/20g.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (258K) -
橋本 亙, 池田 弥生1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 885
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (111K) -
高橋 是太郎, 江木 衷1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 887
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (112K) -
濱野 龍夫, 松浦 修平1987 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 889
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (97K)
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