巻号一覧
53 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の30件中1～30を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
青海 忠久, 下崎 真澄, 渡辺 武1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1107-1114
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe larval stage of the flounder P. olivaceus, when their body color (normal coloration or albinism of juveniles) was determined, was estimated by two ways of feeding. One was to feed Brazilian Artemia nauplii and rotifers which induce albinism easily in a high percentage. The other was to feed wild zooplankton and rotifers which usually induce normal coloration in a high percentage. Larvae of 10 days old were divided into 8 lots of 1, 000 larvae each and were fed for 29-30 days on different feeding schedules at different growth stages by a combination of the 2 feeding methods. Based upon the percentage of normal coloration and albinism at the end of experiment, 8 experimental lots were divided into 3 groups. In the first group (Tanks 1-3) in which Artemia nauplii were changed to wild zooplankton before the larvae grew up to D stage, the highest percentage of normal coloration was observed (60.2-75.4%). In the third group (Tanks 5-8) fish began to accept wild zooplankton from E stage, the highest percentage of albinism was ob-served (90.9-100.0%). In the second group (Tank 4 only), wild zooplankton were given to larvae in place of Artemia nauplii when the larval developmental stages consisted of 25% D and 75% E, and this composition agreed well with the percentage occurrences of normal coloration (27%) and albinism (73%). From these results, D stage was estimated to be the critical stage deter-mining the juvenile's coloration in terms of kinds of live foods.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (630K) -
佐藤 公一, 中川 平介, 笠原 正五郎1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1115-1120
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of Ulva pertusa meal supplementation on disease resistance was monitored by means of some pathological indices in red sea bream Pagrus major fed on a 5% Ulva meal sup-plemented purified diet.
The Ulva meal enhanced phagocytosis of the granulocytes against Pasreurella piscicida. In the fish immunized with formalin-killed P. piscicida, the blood lymphocyte number increased by feeding the Ulva meal, but the granulocyte number and agglutinin titer were not influenced.
Complement activities such as spontaneous hemolytic activity (SH50) and bactericidal ac-tivity against Escherichia coli and P. piscicida tended to increase by the supplement.
Although the effect on prevention from artificial infection by P. piscicida was erratic, the Ulva meal supplementation was suggested to enhance disease resistance of the fish without impairment of growth. The importance of feeding algae was discussed on the basis of disease resistance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (452K) -
岡本 信明, 松本 達志, 加藤 宣昭, 田崎 志郎, 田中 深貴男, 阿井 敬雄, 花田 博, 鈴木 雄策, 高松 千秋, 田山 卓男, ...1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1121-1124
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSusceptibility of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, to IPN virus was compared among those of three Japanese hatcheries in which inbreeding has been practiced for over 20 years. The fry from hatcheries K, F and N were tested totally 47 times, 36 times and 25 times, respectively for 6 years since 1979. As the results, susceptibility of rainbow trout to IPN virus was clearly different among the fry from the three hatcheries. The fry from hatchery K (rainbow trout strain RT-101) were always highly sensitive to IPN virus and the relationship between cumulative mortality and fish body weight was shown as a formula of linear regression; Y=113.0-209.4X (Y=cumulative mor-tality, X=fish body weight, correlation coefficient (r)=0.954). The fry from hatchery N were always less sensitive to IPN virus (≤25%) in cumulative mortality. The fry from hatchery F consisted of various ones ranging from highly sensitive to less sensitive.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (283K) -
岡本 信明, 安富 亮平, 柴崎 弘之, 半沢 貞彦, 佐野 徳夫1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1125-1128
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe influence of immersing temperature for inoculation with IPNV and/or rearing temperatureon mortality of rainbow trout fry Salmo gairdneri postinfection was studied. An IPNV-Buhl strain which is the most dominant IPNV-serotype in Japan was used as a challenge virus and a highlysensitive strain to IPNV (RT-101 strain, 0.13g in B. W.) was used as an experimental fish in this study. The fry was immersed in 105.0 TCID50/ml of IPNV at 5, 10, 15 and 20°C for 1h and each group was shifted up or down to 5, 10, 15 and 20 and incubated for 28 days. As the results ob-tamed, rearing temperature influenced the cumulative mortality of rainbokw trout fry postinfection and the mortality pattern but immersing temperature for inoculation with IPNV did not. The IPNV-Buhl strain shows low or no cumulative mortaility at 5°C and as high a mortality as≥70% cumulative mortality at 10-20°C for the fish. At 20°C the death of fry started 3 days after inocula-tion in spite of the different immersing temperature and the mortality pattern was the acutest, namely 50% daily mortality appeared on the first or second day after the first death. Although the cumulative mortality at 10 and 15°C was about the same as at 20°C the daily mortality tended to become lower and the death of fry appeared until later, e. g. until 2 weeks after inoculation at 15°C and 3 weeks at 10°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (290K) -
井上 喜洋1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1129-1133
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSurveys were carried out at several set-net fishing grounds using a scanning sonar to study the appearance times of each species. Flying fish and salmon were observed in the daytime, while mackerel, sardine and other species during the night and day. Their appearance times were different depending on the species. Set-nets were in operation for 24 hours in order to catch all the different species of fish.
The movement behaviour of the spotted mackerel and salmon were also analyzed using the fish number and distribution data that had been gathered from the area under observation. Their movement to and from the coast was caused by their repeated movement behaviour around the set-nets. These movement behaviour patterns were regarded as being attributed to the passive capturing process of the set-nets in relation to diurnal periodicity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (364K) -
井上 喜洋1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1135-1140
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMany fish schools were caught owing to the effect of blocking and leading their courses by the set-net leader-net. The behaviour of the fish schools was investigated in the set-net fishinggrounds around the coast of Japan using a scanning sonar for determining the function of theleader-net. The leader-net was effective in blocking off the course of fish school, although itsmesh size was large enough for the fish to pass through. Only 8 percent of the fish schools passedthrough the leader-net, while 76 percent of fish schools encountered the leader-net and moved along it. There were three times as many fish schools moving offshore than toward the coast along the leader-net. The leader-net influenced the fish schools in the area which extended 60m from it. The encountering angle of the fish school's course against the leader-net shows that they had already tended to move offshore. The blocking and leading effect of the leader-net is regarded as being attributed to a tactic movement.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (490K) -
坂井 勝信1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1141-1149
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe electrostatic effects of river sediments(sand) on the transformation of a protease-deficient mutant (NTG-1) of Aeromonas salmonicida were investigated by a laboratory model of river sedi-mets with sonicates of protease positive A. salmonicida, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas fluorescence, and Vibrio anguillarum which were used as donor strains. The mutant NTG-1 was induced from A. salmonicida strain A-7301 by mutagenesis, and used as a recipient strain. Trans-formants were determined by protease production as a phenotypic marker for the transformation. The mutant with the sonicate of the parent strain was incubated at 20°C for 20 days with a tracehumic acid and tryptone in the presence or absence of river sand. When a sonicate of the parent strain was added to such cultures, protease positive colonies were isolated in increasing occurrence rate as incubation time was prolonged exclusively in the presence of humic acid, tryptone and sand. Similar results were obtained by using sonicates of the other strains. DNA fragmentsfrom the parent strain were adsorbed by anion exchange resin but not by cation exchange resin. The cells of this mutant were negatively charged, determined by electrophoresis. The trans-formation in the presence of sand is interpreted as showing that DNA fragments (negatively charged) are highly adsorbed on the surface of sand particles (carrying net positive charges), therefore per-mitting bacteria attached to the surface of the particles a high probability of transformation with adsorbed bacterial DNA fragments comprising protease genes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (829K) -
深田 耕一, 前田 弘, 宮下 民部, 内木 幸次1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1151-1158
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present report dealt with the shooting speed (the time needed to shoot a section of about 34m length) of 37 settings of salmon drift net each about 100 sections long in the Japan Sea by the R. V. “Hakusan-maru”. And the following results are obtained:
1. It took 8.2 to 13.4 sec to shoot a section on the string average, except the time to shoot the initial and final ends of a string.
2. The maximum retardation of shooting speed by the fore-and-aft vector of wind was estimated to be 2.3 sec/section (29°C of the time under no wind and wave), due to wind drift of boat. That by the athwartships vector was 1.5 sec/section (19°C), because the wind from star-board over some level and from port increased the possibility of sinker line tangling with cork line. And that by wind wave was 1.4 sec/section (18°C).
3. The standard deviation of shooting speed (maximum being 4.1 times of minimum), which represents irregular tautness within a string, increased with retardation in shooting speed (maximum being 1.6 times of minimum), which is one of the indicators of difficulty in smooth shooting.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (612K) -
早川 康博1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1159-1166
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDeterministic model for marine algal population density was presented, including germination, death, propagation, encystment, and external transport processes in semi-enclosed waters, In this model, state variables were population densities of vegetative cells in the medium and cysts in the substratum, control variables being the processes stated above. Thismodel was characterized by a linear ordinary differential equation of second order, when parameters of control variables were density-independent, and a non-linear one, when they were density-dependent. An analytical solution of this differential equation with constant parameters was examplified and applied to the population density of cultured brown algae of Undaria pinnatifzda to identify these pazameters. This model provided the basic equations that would govern temporal variations in the marine algal population density with the germination process in the boundary layer between the medium and the substratum in the environmental and ecological system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (744K) -
松川 康夫, 梅林 脩1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1167-1171
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDistribution of Ulva pertusa in an intertidal flat in Mikawa Bay was investigated visually from a boat and aerially with a multi spectral scanner from a plane in the summer of 1985. The values of standing crop and vegetation area estimated from these two methods agreed well. The growth rate of 7% per day was obtained, and was considered to be reasonable as a net growthrate obtained in situ. It was comparable to the net photosynthesis previously determined from the nitrogen budget in the flat. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that U. pertusa together with Zostera marina instead of phytoplankton is responsible for the photosynthetic activity in the flat during summer and its limiting factor is nitrogen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (960K) -
篠田 正俊, 生田 哲郎, 山崎 淳1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1173-1179
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAt present, management agencies enforce size limit restrictions in the Japan Sea which prevent the landing of male C. opilio less than 9cm carapace width. Since Danish seiners cannot avoid capturing illegal sized crabs, a large number of the crabs are discarded at sea in the hope that they will eventually recruit into the legal size. However, catches of this crab have declined accom-panied by a reduction in average crab size. We demonstrate that crab yield can be increased by switching the gear to long line traps with 15cm streched mesh. Thus, by changing the size selec-tivity of the gear, crabs smaller than 9cm carapace width can be protected from the fishery.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (719K) -
正木 康昭, 伊東 弘, 上城 義信, 横松 芳治, 小川 浩, 山口 義昭, 東海 正1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1181-1190
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSince 1972, the catch of flatfish in Suõ-Nada decreased dramatically, and the catch in 1984 was only 52% of that in 1972.
This paper presents the biological parameters for stock assessment for Japanese flounder in Suõ-Nada, that is, age and body length at sexual maturity, main spawning season, maturity rate by age, and evaluation of the degree of sexual maturity which were mainly based on the data from 1980 to 1985.
The combination of maturity factor [103×gonad weight(g)/body weight without internal organs(g)] and observation of gonads by the naked eye can be applied to expedient judgement of sexual maturity for a large number of specimens. Maturity factor and mean body length at 50% sexual maturity were 10.0 in both sexes and 13.5cm in females and 12.0cm in males, respectively.The peak of the spawning season was the middle of December. The mean maturity rate was as follows:at age 0, 1, 2, over 3 years, it was 20, 70, 90, 100% for females and 20, 95, 95, 100% for males.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (581K) -
正木 康昭, 伊東 弘, 上城 義信, 横松 芳治, 小川 浩, 山口 義昭, 東海 正1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1191-1198
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーStudies on the maturity and spawning season as the biological parameters of finespotted flounder Pleuronichthys cornutus in Suõ-Nada of Seto Inland Sea were not established yet.
Based on the seasonal change of the maturity factor and results of the observation of gonads by the naked eye, evaluation of the degree of sexual maturity, main spawning season, body length and age at 50% sexual maturity were over 1.0 in both sexes, 11.0cm in females and 9.0cm in males respectively. Each age at 50% sexual maturity at age 0, 1, 2, 3 over 4 years was 70, 90, 100, 100% in females and 90, 95, 100, 100, 100% in males, respectively.
Main spawning season was the beginning of November.
The duration of maturity of male finespotted flounder is longer than that of female
The beginning of the period of maturity of aged individuals was earlier than younger ones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (564K) -
佐藤 秀一, 田畑 浩治, 井爪 一宏, 竹内 俊郎, 渡辺 武1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1199-1205
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFeeding experiments were conducted to examine the effect of dietary tricalcium phosphate on the availability of Zn to rainbow trout and to determine a minimum supplementary Zn level to a 7% tricalcium phosphate diet. Supplement of 7% tricalium phosphate, the same level as that in white fish meal based diet, to a semipurified diet greatly reduced growth rate and feed efficiency which were not improved by addition of 40μg of Zn. Supplement of 80μg of Zn was necessary for the diet to obtain the same growth rate and feed efficiency together with mineral compositions of whole body as those in fish fed with a tricalcium phosphate-free diet of 40μg of Zn. In addition, availability of Zn was found to be reduced as elevation of dietary tricalcium phosphate level.
Thus, tricalcium phosphate in diet was found to be one of the inhibitors against Zn bioavailability to fish. The fact that supplement of Zn above 40μg/g to white fish meal diets is necessary for normal growth of rainbow trout (without appearance of dwarfism and cataract), is also supported by these results; since the 7% tricalcium phosphate diet with 80μg of Zn/g is the same as in the Zn concentration of the white fish meal based diet with a minimum level of Zn (40μg/g) which can sustain normal growth of rainbow trout.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (561K) -
渡辺 武, 竹内 俊郎, 佐藤 秀一, 外山 健三, 奥積 昌世1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1207-1214
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFive experiments, four for rainbow trout and one for chicks, were conducted to examine effect of dietary histamine or its related compounds on growth and stomach of rainbow trout by feeding them diets containing different levels of histidine or histamine, or diets containing whole meal which caused gizzard erosion and ulceration (GE) in chicks after heat treatment (HT). Effect of of dietary α-tocopherol (VE) levels on appearance of GE-like abnormality in rainbow trout was also examined.
The results indicated that abnormality of stomach in both rainbow trout and chicks was induced by HT of whole meal with histidine or histamine. In rainbow trout, thickness of stomach walls tended to decrease in proportion to dietary histamine levels. In histological observation, pycanosis and necrosis of gastric gland cells were found in fish fed diets containing high levels of histamine, HT-histidine and HT-histamine. Moreover, body color of fish was darkened by addition of histamine to white fish meal. Feeding the histamine diet without supplement of VE resulted in lower growth and higher GE score than the diet with VE.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (979K) -
西出 英一, 安斎 寛, 内田 直行1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1215-1219
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe yields and the M/G ratios of water-soluble alginates (WSA) from various brown algal sources in Japan were investigated and were compared with those of alginates extracted with alkali in the routine procedures(ASA).
The yields on a dry weight basis of WSA from most brown algae varied widely from 0.01% (Sargassum thunergii) to 9.23% (Laminaria religiosa) while those of ASA varied to lesser extentsuch as from 2.20% (Hizikia fusiformis) to 31.80% (Sargassum kjellmanianum)in most samples.
The M/G ratios of these alginates measured by high performance liquidc hromatography fluctuated between O.66 (Sargassum kjellmanianum) and 5.28 (Sargassum patens)with WSA while they were O.26 (Sargassum ringgoldianum) to 1.78 (Laminaria religiosa) with ASA. However, higher M/G ratios were found for WSA than those for ASA in any individual brown alga tested.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (472K) -
万倉 三正, 飯島 憲章, 鹿山 光, 相田 聡1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1221-1230
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo study the mechanism of non-glyceride lipids transport and metabolism in fish, the fate of dietary fatty alcohols and wax esters were investigated by force-feeding [1-14C] oleyl alcohol and [1-4C] oleyl pahmitate to carp. When [1-14C] oleyl alcohol was fed, the total radioactivities in plasma lipoproteins increased gradually, the maximum being around 28h. When [1-14C] oleyl palmitate was given, it was hydrolyzed largely in the intestinal lumen and the total radioactivities in plasma lipoproteins increased with the maximum being around 12h. In both cases, almost all the radioactivities were found in HDL fraction as the forms of mainly triglyceride (TG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). After 72h of feeding, the radioactivities from [1-14C] oleyl alcohol and [1-14C] oleyl palmitate were found mostly in muscle, intestine, hepatopancreas and gill as mainly in the forms of TG or PC. Tn either cases, a little amount of radioactivity was detected in the class of wax ester or fatty alcohol in each tissue. The dietary fatty alcohol and alcohol moiety of wax ester were largely oxidized to the corresponding acids in the intestinal tissue, which then behaved as in the case of dietary acid, and some were reesterified to form wax esters. Then, most of them were transported as TG and PC with HDL in plasma.
Finally, it is suggested that the fatty alcohol in various tissues of carp, which seems to be a substrate of acyl CoA: alcohol acyltransferase, is one of the most important key precursor to form wax esters. Moreover the circulating lecithin: alcohol acyltransferase (LAAT) in plasma also seems to relate to wax ester synthesis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (701K) -
磯 直道, 水野 治夫, 斎藤 隆英, 望月 義範, 石井 恭司, 奥貫 寿昭, 宮田 克典1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1231-1235
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe relationships between the freshness of carp meat and its rheological parameters were examined, The K value was used as the freshness index of sample fish. The rheological pa-rameters obtained by the stress-relaxation experiments, which was a kind of non-destructive ex-periment, did not depend on the freshness of sample except for the high values obtained when the fish samples were at rigor mortis. The stress-relaxation experiment were unable to detect the change of structure with the decrease in freshness. The rupture strength, which could be obtained by destructive experiment, depended on the freshness of sample. The thermal properties of meat were also examined in connection with the freshness. The change of enthalpy, ΔH, decreased slightly with decreasing freshness.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (229K) -
生田 國雄1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1237-1242
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTop shells were exposed to concentration gradients of cadmium, 0 (the control, 0.052μg/l of cadmium contained originally), 5, 10, 15, 20μg/l for 80 days. The specimens exposed were re-moved from aquaria five times to determine the metal taken up in viscera and muscular tissues.
In each experimental group except the 0μg-group, cadmium was taken up additionally in the viscera and the muscular tissues of the other groups. As days elapsed, the cadmium concentra-tions of two compartments and whole soft bodies increased clearly with the different rates de-pending on the concentration gradients of cadmium in rearing seawaters. Accumulation curves. were represented as follows: logY=logA+BlogX for whole soft bodies and the viscera, and Y=a+bX for the muscular tissues, in which Y's are cadmium concentrations in tissues, and X's are exposure times in days.
Distribution rates of cadmium in the viscera (99 to 45%) differed remarkably from those in the muscular tissues (1 to 5%)irrespective of the concentration gradients. The former decreased somewhat towards the end of the exposure period but on the contrary the latter increased slightly.
It was estimated that 1074 days for whole soft bodies and 625 days for viscera were necessary to attain to the availability rate of 10%'s from the regressive relations between the rates (Y) and exposure times in days (X), respectively.
The criteria of cadmium for human health (10μg/l) and for marine environment (5μg/l) are not adequate to top shells from the viewpoint of accumulation quantities of the metal by soft bodies during the long-term exposure, and also possibly to other sessile forms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (499K) -
浅川 哲弥, 東 尚巳1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1243-1249
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAbalone myosin was prepared by a more speedy method. The properties of this myosin were studied under various conditions with regard to their Mg-, Ca-, EDTA-ATPase and actin-activated ATPase activities.
The properties of abalone myosin ATPase were almost similar to those of scallop myosin, though the following differences were observed.
1. Ca-sensitivity of abalone myosin was higher than that of scallop myosin.
2. At neutral pH and 25°C, enzymatic activities were lower than those of scallop myosin, except in EDTA-ATPase activity.
3. PH activity curve of Mg-ATPase activity at low ionic condition was an U-shaped curve in contrast to the biphasic curve in scallop myosin. PH activity curves of EDTA-ATPase activity were bell-shaped curves with a peak at pH around 8.0, which was higher than that of scallop my-osin.
4. Arrhenius plots of abalone myosin ATPase activities showed no bending between 5-30°C which was different from that of scallop myosin.
The spccific cystein residue, so-called SHI was not dotected by the treatment of abalone myosin with NEM or PCMB.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (702K) -
中川 浩毅, 浅川 牧夫, 榎本 則行1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1251-1255
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo elucidate the origin of β-N-acetylhexosaminidase which had been found in the external mucous materials of varlous fishes, histochemical detection of β-N-acetylhexosaminidase activlty in the epidermis of eel was attempted using naphthol AS-BI N-acetyl, β-D-glucosaminide as sub-strafe and hexazonium pararosanilin as capture reagent. Besides, the structure of eel skin was observed histochemlcally by staining with periodate-Schiff reagent and toluidine blue. β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase activity was demonstrated as red-stained granules around the mature goblet cells in the upper layer of the epidermis. From the fact that the cell membrane in the epidermis was stained with periodate-Schiff reagent and toluidine blue, the membrane was revealed to con-tain carbohydrate components, presumably complex carbohydrates. From the above findings, it was assumed that β-N-acetylhexosaminidase might be involved in catabolic collapse of the super-ficial cells of the epidermis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (952K) -
尾形 博, 村井 武四1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1257-1260
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChanges in ammonia (NH3+NH4+) and free amino acid levels in the erythrocytes and plasmaof carp Cyprinus carpio were examined after intraperitoneal injection of ammonium chloride dissolved in Ringer's solution at a rate of 400μmol per 100g body weight. Ammonia levels bothin the erythrocytes and plasma reached the maximum levels at 3 min after the treatment and droppe to the initial levels by 120 min. The pealdevels in the erythrocytes and plasma were 5.7 times and 13.2 times higher than the respective initial values. Percentages of ammonia contentin the erythrocytes were always more than 37% of the whole blood, which indicates that not only plasma but also erythrocytes play a certain role in the inter-organ transport of ammonia. Although most of the free amino acids including glutamic acid and glutamine did not show any consistent changes, the total amounts of branched-chain amino acids both in the erythrocytes and plasma changed slightly but significantly in a reverse manner to the ammonia levels.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (282K) -
柴田 猛, 広瀬 裕, 川田 倫夫1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1261-1269
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to obtain more information of glycogen degradating metabolism in bonito skeletal muscle (red muscle), the glycogen debranching system (EC 2.4.1.25+EC 3.2.1.33) was purified and its properties were investigated.
SDS electrophoresis showed that the purified enzyme appears to be made up of a single poly-peptide of molecular weight=165000. With a substrate, phosphorylase limit dextrin as the best substrate and α-1, 6-glucosyl cyclodextrin was hydrolyzed by the enzyme, but glycogen and other related polysaccharides were not hydrolyzed, The enzyme have two different activities containing both α-1, 6-glucosidase and glycosyltransferase. Sulfhydryl group reactivity of the enzyme and the inactivation by pH and temperature were reduced by the exogenous addition of glycogen or soluble starch. The debranching system appears to play no rate-limiting role in the process of glycogen degradation by phosphorylase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (819K) -
田中 淑人, 井上 剛1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1271-1273
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe carotenoids from sea sponge Gelliodes callista were investigated. A new carotenoidgelliodesxanthin has been isolated and the structure 3-hydroxy-4-oxo-3', 4'-didehydro-2'-apo-β, φ-caroten-2'-al was proposed from the basis of the specCral data. Gelliodenone which seems to be an artifact carotenoid of gelliodesxanthin was also isolated and the structure was elucidated as 3-hydroxy-3', 4'-didehydro-16'-methyl-17'-nor-β, φ-carotene-4, 16'-dione. Besides gelliodesxanthin, β-carotene, spheroidenone, echinenone, canthaxanthin astaxanthin, β-doradexanthin, zeaxanthin, alloxanthin, fucoxanthin and idoxanthin were identified.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (507K) -
塩見 一雄, 高宮 満, 山中 英明, 菊池 武昭1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1275-1280
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOne lethal factor in the skin secretion from the oriental catfish Plotosus lineatus was purified successively by DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose and Sephadex G-75 and its homogeneity was sup-ported by analytical disc electrophoresis. The purified lethal factor had a LD50 of 0.71mg/kg (intravenous injection into mice). In addition, it exhibited a strong edema-forming activity; the minimum edema dose inducing 130% edema ratio was as small as 0.89μg. The molecular weight was estimated to be 11, 000 by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. Unexpectedly the molecular weight determination by SDS disc electrophoresis was unsuccessful because no band was detected under the various tried conditions. Although the purified lethal factor was a basic protein, it was richer in acidic amino acids than basic amino acids, indicating that the acidic amino acids exist in the molecule as an amide form.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (613K) -
前田 広人, 熊谷 道夫, 大西 行雄, 来田 秀雄, 河合 章1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1281-1288
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe change in the qualities of water and bottom sediment accompanied with the development of anoxic layer was studied. A dredged water region in the South part of Lake Biwa was being used as a model of the Northern Lake with a fair water depth.
An anoxic layer was observed after the development of the water stratification due to vertical difference in temperature in June. The accumulation of ammonia, phosphates, iron, manganese, and sulfides was observed in the hypolimnion. As a result, considerable amount of these chemical components was found to liberate from bottom sediment into the bottom water.
Active liberation of sulfides began not after the development of an anoxic layer but at almost the same time as the stratification. Sulfide production in the bottom sediment with a large amount of organic matter accumulation was accelerated by the presence of organic acids such as formic, butyric, and lactic acids. The production of these acids in the bottom sediment was closely related with the supply of dissolved oxygen to the bottom surface, which might be governed by the vertical diffusion of lake water.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1115K) -
河野 迪子, 古川 清, 佐藤 英雄, 松居 隆, 清水 千秋1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1289-1293
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChitinase activity was detected in the spawned eggs of red sea bream and it increased stepwise with the progress of development. The value of the activity per g egg at the blastula stage in-creased to twice, as high as that of the 4 cell stage. The activity in the course of embryogenesis increased further and just before hatching, the value reached 4.5 times as that of the 4 cell stage.
The larval chitinase activity, which was defined as the activity per g larva, began to rise rapidly when feeding commenced. The activity 10 days after hatching increased to about 5 times, as high as that of just after hatching and thereafter the activity fluctuated within a narrow range.
The chitinase activity in the juveniles, which was defined as the activity per g tissue for the following organs, stomach, intestine, and pyloric caeca, was constant for the latter two organs throughout the year, although the level in the stomach during the winter season was lowest when compared with the activities in the other seasons.
These results suggested that chitinase of red sea bream was synthesized within the egg, and that the synthesis could be induced in the early larval period by the consumption of exogenous foods.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (360K) -
原 研治, 武田 徹, 坂井 堅太郎, 石原 忠1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1295-1300
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe autolytic activity of various fish(16 species) muscle homogenate in an acidic pH range was measured in the presence of leupeptin and/or pepstatin A. The activity between pH 3 and 5 was inhibited by leupeptin as well as by pepstatin A in all fish examined. Especially, the activities of pointhead flounder Cleisthenes herzensteini, frog flounder Pleuronichthys cornutus, horse mackerel Trachurus japonicus and reticulated emperor Lethrinus semicinctus were inhibited chiefly by leupeptin
The hemoglobin hydrolyzing activities of the crude extract from many fish muscles and livers in the presence of pepstatin A show the maximum activity at pH 4.0, and the activities of fish (53 species) muscles and livers in the presense of pepstatin A and/or leupeptin were measured at pH 4.0. The activities which was not inhibited by pepstatin A but inhibited by leupeptin were detected in almost all fish muscle and liver, and the activities of Pleuronectiformes (flathead flounder Hip-poglossoides dubius, frog flounder, pointhead flounder and bastard halibut Paralichthys olivaceus) were high. It was considered that the activity was due to the cysteine proteinase differing from cathepsin B or L.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (429K) -
鹿山 光, 飯島 憲章, 佐道 哲也, 松本 浩幸, 浅田 敏雄, 五十嵐 紀子, 柴 忠明, 山口 了三1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1301
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (982K) -
山崎 繁久, デビッド セコア, 平田 八郎1987 年 53 巻 7 号 p. 1303
発行日: 1987年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (111K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|