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Volume 54, Issue 8
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Hiroshi Nakano, Soichiro Shirahata1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1263-1269
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to estimate the physiological quality of salmon fry for releasing, chum salmon fry were reared under different feeding conditions. Growth, DNA, RNA, protein content, acid protease activity, and swimming ability of the fry were analyzed.
The fish reazed at a feeding level of 5% of the BW/day showed normal growth. Those reared at a 1% feeding level showed a slight increase in body weight and protein content. At a 0.5 feedling level, body weight and protein content remained almost constant. Body weight and protein content of starved fish decreased. RNA/DNA and Protein/DNA values of fish reared at a feeding level of 5% of the BW/day were higher than those reared with a limited food supply. Swimming speed of chum salmon decreased in starved fish. A linear correlation was observed between condition factor and swimming speed. Protein content decreased on the 4th week after starvation, when the amount of total protein of chum salmon and the mortality increased coni-cidently. At the same time, the acid protease in the muscle had been activated.
Individual size differences for those reared under a feeding level of 0.5% and 1.0%/day (limited food supply) was larger than that of the individuals either starved or reared under a feeding level of 5% of BW.
The present data suggests that the requirement for releasing chum fry are a high ratio of RNA/DNA, Protein/DNA, condition factor, and a stronger swimming ability.View full abstractDownload PDF (431K) -
Shoichi Takeuchi, Michio Ogura, Masao Nemoto, Eiji Hanamoto1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1271-1277
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe long-term mean distribution of bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus in the Atlantic Ocean was examined by using the 1963-80 catch-effort data of the Japanese tuna longline fishery. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Recently, Japanese tuna longline vessels are concentrating their efforts on quality sashimi fish, such as the bigeye tuna, bluefin tuna T. thynnus and the southern bluefin tuna T. maccoyii. 2) With the exception of the Mediterranean Sea, bigeye tuna have been caught in a very broad area of the Atlantic, bounded by lat. 50°N and 45°S. While the species was very broadly distributed, the more productive areas were, however, quite restricted, as follows: (a) From off New York to the Grand Banks; the high latitude areas northwest of Las Palmas; and the tropical region (lat. 5-15°N) extending continuously between Dakar and the northeastern coast of South America. (b) From along the coast of South Africa, centered off Angola, westward to off Recife. (c) Off Montevideo. 3) Of the productive areas mentioned above, the catches were particularly good in the waters extending from off New York to the Grand Banks, in the western Atlantic such as off Montevideo, and the coastal waters of the eastern Atlantic such as off Dakar and Angola.View full abstractDownload PDF (795K) -
Kyoichi Ishida, Sachio Nagahora, Yoshihiro Inoue, Toshihiro Watanabe1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1279-1287
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe migratory behavior of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta approaching their natal river was studied using ultrasonic tracking and conventional tagging procedures off the coast of Sanriku in 1984 and 1985. Tracking directions of sonic tagged salmon were mainly to the north and south along the coast. The moving area exhibited by salmon was within five nautical miles of the coast. Swimming depth dominated upper 20m in depth. Salmon showed a tendency to orient to the coast during daytime and ebb tide. The differences in precision of orientation to the coast between daytime and nighttime was statistically significant with chi-square test, and ebb tide and flood tide not significant. The periods of movement estimated by salmon with con-ventional tag from released point to recaptured were revealed by movement of sonic tagged salmon. We conclude that the orientation of chum salmon approaching their natal river is related to a diurnal periodicity and tidal currents. The migration of chum salmon is extensive along the coast before entering their natal river.View full abstractDownload PDF (769K) -
Katsumi Tsukamoto1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1289-1295
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to expand the possibility of otolith tagging for mass-marking of fish larvae and embryos, the eggs of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis, an amphidromous salmonoidei fish, were immersed in the solutions of three different fluorescent substances.
Alizarin complexone (ALC) presented a distinct scarlet-pink fluorescent ring in the embryonic otolith under UV light, whose optimum condition for treatment was 50-200mg/l for about 1 day. Clear yellow marks were also obtained by tetracycline (TC) treatment at 200-300mg/l for 1 day. Comparing with these two chemicals, calcein (CAL) showed a less distinct yellowish green fluore-scence at about 500mg/l for 1 day, but without any optimum treatment conditions which satisfied both 100% marking success and near 100% survival during treatment.
Double treatments by ALC (200mg/l for 1 day) at embryonic stage and by TC (300mg/l for 1 day) at newly hatched larval stage presented discernible double circular marks of an inner red fluorescent ring and an outer yellow one with a good survival (about 98%), suggesting the possi-bility of multiple treatment with different chemicals of different fluorescent colors. These results promise to increase the number of mark kinds with which different fish groups can be distinguished one another in an experiment.View full abstractDownload PDF (2620K) -
Hiroaki Okamoto, Fumio Yamazaki, Seikichi Mishima1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1297-1304
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGenotypes at 10 enzyme loci were analyzed by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis for each of 11 populations of sand-lance Ammodytes personatus in Japan. Allele frequencies at each locus were calculated for each population. There were clear differences of allele frequencies at three loci (α-Gpdh, Me-2, Sod) between populations north of Iwate Prefecture and those south of Miyagi Prefecture. A cluster analysis based on genetic similarities calculated from allele fre-quencies at all 10 loci observed suggests that sand-lance among the Pacific coast of Japan are composed of two population groups; northern and southern groups. The boundary exsists be-tween Iwate and Miyagi Prefecture. Geographic distribution of these two groups is consistent with that of two groups previously described by morphological studies. Genetic distance between these groups falls within the values of intraspecific marine teleost populations. Comparison of genetic similarities and mean heterozygosities among populations suggests that the southern group has a smaller-scale genetic divergence and more homogeneous genetic structure than the northern group.View full abstractDownload PDF (905K) -
Masahiro Munekiyo, Akihiko Kuwahara1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1305-1313
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe age and growth of ribbon fish Trichiurus lepturus from the western Wakasa Bay were estimated using otoliths of 2, 373 specimens collected from June, 1981 to December, 1982.
The annuli on otoliths were formed from February to March. The fish were divided into two broods from 1-ring radius (r1), that is, narrow type of brood (r1<2.0 mm) and wide type of brood (r1≥2.0 mm). It was estimated that the narrow and wide types were born from June to September and from April to June, respectively. The two types were similar in size at the full age, though females reached larger sizes than males.
According to back-calculation of anal length at 1-ring formation, the wide type grew faster and attained larger sizes than the narrow one. There was no difference in growth rate between sexes for each type. Between 1- and 2-ring formation, the growth of the narrow type overtook that of wide type. Growth compensation during 1- and 2-ring formation seemed to be explained by a difference in the time of the first maturation between the two types and decrease of growth rate of the fast growing group due to maturation.
It is estimated that the narrow and wide type of broods were recruited from the adjacent waters of the western Wakasa Bay and the western part of the Japan Sea (far west off Hyogo), respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1162K) -
Masahiro Munekiyo, Akihiko Kuwahara1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1315-1320
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMaturity and spawning of ribbon fish Trichiurus lepturus from the western Wakasa Bay were worked out based on 6, 851 specimens collected from June to September, 1982.
Ovarian eggs matured at the gonad index of more than 50 and the fish spawned once a year. It was estimated that the female and male matured at about 220mm and 210mm in anal length, respectively. Some of the fish aged 1-year-old attained maturity, and all of the fish aged 2-years old were mature. The spawners were composed of the fish aged I to 6 years old, and mainly the fish aged 2 and 3 years old. The relationship between anal length and number of mature eggs was fitted to a linear regression, and the number of mature eggs was calculated from it.View full abstractDownload PDF (466K) -
Mitsuyo Kishida, Tetsuya Hirano1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1321-1327
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA highly specific and homologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the measurement of growth hormone (GH) in the plasma and the pituitary of the eel was developed using a rabbit antiserum to eel GH. Two forms of eel GH: eGHI and II, were purified from the media from organ-cultures of pituitaries of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. An antiserum against eGH I, which does not distinguish between the two forms, was used to measure total GH levels. Pituitary extracts from the Japanese eel and the European eel A. anguilla exhibited displacement curves parallel to the eGHI standard, whereas extracts from chum salmon, rainbow trout, Japanese charr, carp, goldfish and tilapia pituitaries showed no cross-reactivity. GH or prolactin preparations from sheep, whale, chum salmon and tilapia also did not cross-react with the antibody. RIA sensitivity was 0.2ng/ml of plasma when 50μl of plasma were employed. Most of the plasma GH levels were low or undetectable in starved eels either in fresh water or in seawater, or in fed eels in fresh water. On the other hand, plasma samples from seawater-adapted male eels receiving injections of human chorionic gonadotropin showed high GH levels. Apparent plasma half-life of eGH I injected intravascularly through a cannula into the pneumogastric artery was about 15 min.View full abstractDownload PDF (495K) -
Akinori Hino, Reijiro Hirano1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1329-1332
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBisexual reproduction of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis was investigated at three different chlorinity levels. Special attention was given to the origin of the strains examined.
Strains were isolated by hatching fertilized eggs produced at chlorinities of 4 and 16‰. All rotifers were cultured individually throughout the experiment in 4, 8 and 16‰. The appearance rate of mictic females was used as an indicator of bisexual reproduction activities. Culture media of 4 and 8‰ were changed every 12 or 18 h, while 16‰ cultures were changed every 24 and 30 h.
The bisexual reproduction rate in the strains originating from 4‰ varied markedly depending on the chlorinity of the culture. At chlorinities of 4, 8 and 16‰, the bisexual reproduction rates were 33, 18 and 6%, respectively. Conversely, in strains originated at 16‰, no correlation was found between the bisexual reproduction rate and the culture chlorinity.
Differences in the pattern of response between L- and S-type B. plicatilis were inferred as the result of adaptation to environmental factors such as temperature or chlorinity.View full abstractDownload PDF (302K) -
Shunji Fujiwara, David G. Hankin1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1333-1338
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSize, sex, state of maturity and age were determined for sablefish captured by commercial otter trawl vessels at depths from 100m to 900m off northern California from January through August 1984. Sex ratios appeared to be 1:1 among immature fish at all depths, but significantly departed from a 1:1 ratio among mature fish during many months and at many depths, without any clear pattern. Plots of percent spent fish against month suggested that spawning took place from late January through March with a probable peak during early February. Estimated fork lengths at 50% maturity showed a shift to a smaller size with increasing depth. A greater fraction of males and females was mature at smaller sizes and younger ages in deeper waters (>600m) than in shallow waters (<600m). Maturation of both sexes occurred over a wide range of ages and sizes (from 3 to 8 years of age and from 40 to 65cm in fork length), although females generally matured at a larger size and older age than males. Two alternative hypotheses could explain collected data. Sablefish may move to deeper waters at the onset of sexual maturity (for which size and age may vary considerably among individuals), or distinct deep water and shallow water stocks may exist off northern California. Tagging experiments are necessary for distinguishing between these alternative explanations.
Sablefish Anoplopoma fimbriView full abstractDownload PDF (388K) -
Mikio Oguri1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1339-1341
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFat droplets are abundantly detectable as cellular inclusion in the interrenal glands of marine elasmobranchs. On the contrary, the glands of teleosts are devoid of these droplets. South American freshwater stingrays Potamotrygon spp. have resided in freshwater environment for very long periods. Consequently, they have abandoned urea retention and their constituents of body fluids are similar to those of teleosts in fresh water. Using six specimens of the stingrays, the present investigation was done to clarify whether the histochemical feature of the interrenal gland is teleostean type or marine elasmobranch. As the result, considerable amount of fat droplets was detected in the cells by Oil Red O stain. This indicates that the interrenal gland of the fresh-water stingrays is also of the marine elasmobranch type, even though the stingrays have been isolated far back in the past from marine environment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1143K) -
Hiroshi Hatanaka1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1343-1349
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe migration pattern of Illex argentinus in the waters off Argentina was estimated based on the data collected by research survey from April 1978 to April 1979 and on fisheries statistics of Japanese commercial vessels. In spring of the Southern Hemisphere juvenile squid appear in the northern half of the Patagonian Shelf excluding the area covered by the coastal waters. They disperse gradually towards offshore and southern waters, and spread their habitat to almost the entire shelf by summer. In autumn they move towards the east (the edge of the shelf) and north and aggregate on the slope of 400-700m in depth for some time in the north and middle parts of the shelf. Then they leave the slope probably for spawning in winter.View full abstractDownload PDF (420K) -
Takahito Kojima, Osamu Sato, Katsuaki Nashimoto, Katsutaro Yamamoto1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1351-1357
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA fish reef block model (a sphere and a cube were also used as the simple artificial reef models) was swung by a wire string from a fixed point with an initial angle in still water. Free-damped oscillation curves which were measured for different lengths of the string, were compared with the curves obtained by solving a differential equation of motion. In the solution a graphical method of trajectory on a phase plane was used.
The experimental curves fitted well in the calculated ones for the first 1/4 period in every oscillation. Therefore, we applied this method to the actual fish reef block hung by a wire rope from a derrick barge and estimated the length of the wire rope resonant with the rolling period of barge while installing the fish reef block in sea water. The results suggest that the resonance hardly occurs when the fish reef block is in the water, but it may easily occur in the air.View full abstractDownload PDF (403K) -
Kunihiko Nakamura, Tadashi Fujisaki, Yoshisada Shibata1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1359-1363
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe occurrences of mercury-resistant bacteria in relation to mercury chloride, methylmercury chloride and phenylmercuric acetate was examined, using various strains isolated from the Minamata Bay, as well as from control sediments with low levels of mercury. Minimal inhibitory concentra-tions (MICs) to mercury chloride were significantly higher for the Pseudomonas sp. (p<0.01, Mentel-Cox test) and Bacillus sp. (p<0.05) from the Bay sediments than for those from the con-trol sediments. The MICs to methylmercury chloride were likewise higher for the Bacillus sp. (p<0.01) from the Bay sediments, and so were the MICs to phenylmercuric acetate for the Pseudomonas sp. '(p<0.001) from the Bay sediments than for those from the control sediments. The percentage of highly mercury-resistant bacteria belonging to various bacterial genera increased with the concentration of mercury in the sediments. On the other hand, mercury-sensitive Pseudo-monas Bacillus and Corynebacterium sp. were also observed in the Minamata Bay sediments.View full abstractDownload PDF (310K) -
Masahiro Hata, Yoshio Sato, Toshiyasu Yamaguchi, Masao Ito, Yutaka Kun ...1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1365-1370
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe chemical and amino acid compositions in several tissues of cultured and wild coho salmon Oncorhychus kisutch were measured and compared. A remarkable difference in lipid content in the ordinary muscle and integument was found between the cultured and wild fish. The former fish contained lipids about 4 times higher than the latter fish. The chemical composition of the dark muscle of these fish, however, resembled each other. The major amino acids of the flesh were Asp, Glu, Leu and Lys. There was no marked difference in the amino acid composition between the cultured and wild fish. Extractive-nitrogen and free amino acid contents were higher in the liver and viscera than those in the other tissues. The major free amino acids in these tissues were Ala and Glu. The other free amino acids, abundantly found were His, Gin and Arg in the ordinary muscle, liver and testis respectively. The dark muscle, liver, viscera and gonad contained high levels of taurine, while the ordinary muscle had large amounts of anserine.View full abstractDownload PDF (425K) -
Eiji Niwa, En-sheng Chen, Satoshi Kanoh, Teruo Nakayama1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1371-1374
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSurface hydrophobicity of the solid state of Alaska pollack surimi was studied using a frontsurface viewing system of fluorometer. Fluorescence intensity of the surimi (excitation wavelength: 365nm, emission wavelength 470 run) was measured in the presence of ANS (sodium 8-anilino-naphthalene-1-sulfonate) raising temperature from 0°C to 80°C at a constant speed of 1.2°/min. The intensity was increased above ca. 35°C and reached a maximum, but decreased rapidly above ca. 55°C. By the addition of 3% sodium chloride to the surimi, the intensity was increased at every temperature and the temperature of the maximum intensity (Tm) was lowered. However, by the addition of 10% sucrose, the intensity was decreased and Tm was raised. This feature of the surimi added with the sucrose was somewhat cancelled by further adding of 3% sodium chloride. For every case, the intensity was proportionately increased by cooling the once heated surimi.View full abstractDownload PDF (282K) -
Hiroto Maeda, Akira Kawai1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1375-1383
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe microflora of the bottom sediments in the mesotrophic Northern Lake and the eutrophic Southern Lake were investigated. The organic content in the sediment was higher in the Southern Lake than in the Northern Lake, whereas the redox potential and the concentrations of total sulfides and organic acids indicated that the sediment in the Northern Lake is under more reduced condition than that in the Southern Lake.
In the sediment of the Northern Lake, the facultative anaerobes Aeromonas and Vibrio were predominant, whereas the obligate aerobe Micrococcus was predominant in the Southern Lake. Clostridum was predominant among the obligate anaerobes in both the Northern and Southern Lakes, but the generic composition of the anaerobes did not greatly differ between the two Lakes. The number and activity of organic acid producers were larger in the Northern Lake than in the Southern Lake. Many bacteria isolated from the sediment produced acetate, formate, butyrate, propionate, lactate and citrate. In these organic acids, acetate was produced by numerous bac-teria. Organic acids were produced by facultative anaerobes rather than by obligate anaerobes. The activity of organic acid production by facultative anaerobes in the Northern Lake did not decrease even at lower temperature. Based on these results, it is considered that the facultative anaerobes capable of producing organic acids play a significant role in the accumulation of organic acids in the sediment of the Northern Lake.View full abstractDownload PDF (516K) -
Md. Abul Hossain, Masayuki Furuichi, Yasuo Yone1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1385-1389
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe percentage of organ weight to body weight, proximate and fatty acid compositions of liver, hematological characteristics and chemical components in plasma of red sea bream Chryso-phrys major reared for 10 weeks on the fermented-resteamed scrap meal (AT, AO, AF, PG, PC, and FS) diets were compared with those of the nonfermented scrap meal (NF) and the white fish meal (W) diet groups. The condition factor, % of liver and intestine weights, and lipid, glycogen and ω3 HUFA contents in liver of the NF group were low, and the moisture content in liver was high as compared with the W group. Furthermore, in the NF group the Hb content, RBC count, M. C. H. C., and the contents of protein and cholesterol in blood plasma were lower, but the M. C. V. and the values of GOT, GPT, γ-GTP and TTT were higher than those of the W group. In contrast with the above findings, no significant differences were recognized between the W group and the fermented-resteamed scrap meal diet groups in all of the investigated parameters, except the condition factor, % of liver and heart weights in the PC group, and the % of liver weight of the AF group.View full abstractDownload PDF (337K) -
Md. Abul Hossain, Masayuki Furuichi, Yasuo Yone1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1391-1394
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of fermentation with Aspergillus glaucus on the chemical composition of scrap meal from mackerel waste, and the growth and feed efficiency of red sea bream Chrysophrys major fed on
the fermented scrap meal were investigated. The fermentation with Asp. glaucus decreased the lipid content slightly, the POV and TBA remarkably, and increased the VBN in scrap meal. However, the VBN was later declined to a similar level, to that of nonfermented scrap meal by resteaming after the fermentation. The percentage of ω3 HUFA and the contents of vitamin C and folic acid in scrap meal were increased considerably by the fermentation. Consequently, red sea bream fed on the fermented-resteamed scrap meal diet showed a comparable growth and feed efficiency to those of the white fish meal diet group.View full abstractDownload PDF (243K) -
Gholam R. Nematipour, Heisuke Nakagawa, Shogoro Kasahara, Shotaro Ohya1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1395-1400
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate mechanism of depression of the lipid accumulation by Chlorella vulgaris extract supplementation in ayu Plecoglossus altivelis, feed oil and Chlorella-extract were supple-mented to a commercial diet and the effects were evaluated biochemically and histologically.
Supplementation of feed oil promoted growth, but was not useful for improvement of feed conversion efficiency nor protein efficiency ratio. Furthermore, lipid accumulation in muscle was accelerated as the dietary lipid increased.
The Chlorella-extract tended to suppress accumulation of lipid in muscle. The fat cell size of intraperitoneal fat body and imperfect interneural spine flesh which were susceptible to dietary lipid level was changed by the Chlorella-extract. The Chlorella-extract seemed to compensate the evil effect of dietary lipid such as excessive accumulation of the reserved lipids. The phenomena observed suggested that nutrients such as dietary protein and lipid were made full use of the essen-tial role, in the presence of the Chlorella-extract.View full abstractDownload PDF (1085K) -
Gabriel Gómez D., Heisuke Nakagawa, Shogoro Kasahara1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1401-1407
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFeeding experiments were carried out with the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosen-bergii juveniles in order to determine the requirement of dietary protein and energy levels in terms of growth, feed efficiency, and body constituents. Protein requirement was between 13-25%. Namely, the highest survival and growth occurred in the group fed with the protein/starch (P/S) ratio of 1: 1, although feed efficiency was the highest at the P/S ratio of 1:3.
The effect of dietary energy level were studied in purified diets with constant P/S ratio (1:1). Increasing the dietary energy level improved growth and feed efficiency. However, protein efficiency ratio was maximal in the diet with 384kcal/100 g. High cellulose in the diet seemed to induce not only retardation of growth, but also depression of locomotive activity.
With regard to muscle constituents, a definite variation was found in lipid, in response to dietary composition. Triglycerides were not found, while mono-, diglycerides, and phospholipids re-presented about 90% in the muscle lipid. The lipid level and lipid class composition seemed to be related to the nutritional condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (469K) -
Munehiko Tanaka, Wen Kuei Chiu, Yuji Nagashima, Takeshi Taguchi1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1409-1414
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMaillard reaction products (MRP) were prepared by refluxing the mixture of L-histidine and D-glucose (1:3 molar ratio) in 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 5, 7, and 9) for up to 24h. It was found that antioxidative effect of MRP increased as a function of reaction time, particularly at the later stage of the reaction. At higher initial pH, antioxidative effect of MRP became significant. It was also revealed that antioxidative effect exponentially increased as a function of the development of reducing power. MRP also retarded autoxidation of sardine oil, but their antioxidative effect to sardine oil was less than that to linoleic acid. Since POV of sardine oils which had been already oxidized (POV about 50 or 100) was decreased to some extent by the addition of MRP, it was sug-gested that MRP worked as peroxide destroyers besides autoxidation-breakers. Application of MRP (pH 9, 24h heating) to Kamaboko-type sardine products (boiled or deep-fried) was also performed. MRP were mixed in sardine minced meats at the levels of 0-5%. and the products were stored at 4°C. It was found that MRP effectively inhibited autoxidation of sardine products during storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (419K) -
Shann-Tzong Jiang, Tung-Ching Lee1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1415-1422
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo develop a convenient method for preserving shrimp on boat and during processing, several ice storage procedures were investigated. Based on the assessments of microbial growth, volatile base nitrogen (VB-N), extractable nitrogen (AA-N), inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) ratio and sensory evaluation, the decomposition of shrimp meat was retarded by storing in an ice-salt mixture (crushed ice and 3% NaCl, w/w), in the ice-salt mixture and 0.1% potassium sorbate, or in the ice-salt mixture, 0.1% potassium sorbate and 0.1% sodium erythorbate. The darkening discoloration was prevented and the freshness, IMP and sensory quality were maintained by the ice-salt mixture, 0.1% potassium sorbate and 0.1% sodium erythorbate during 15days of storage.View full abstractDownload PDF (2440K) -
Ching-San Chen, Der-Chyan Hwang, Shann-Tzong Jiang1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1423-1427
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMilkfish myosin was isolated and purified by a method which consisted of the extraction with Guba-Straub solution, followed by the ultracentrifugation at 1000, 000×g in the presence of MgCl2 and ATP, the precipitation at low ionic strength, and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography. Milkfish myosin contained a 200 Kd heavy chain and three light chains with molecular weights of 22, 19, and 16 Kd. The amino acid composition was similar to those of cod and tilapia. The total SH group content of myosin, 34-38 mol/5×105g, was higher than those of cod and tilapia, and close to that of rabbit myosin. According to the inactivation rate constant of myosin Ca-ATPase (Kd), the thermal stability of milkfish myosin was higher than that of tuna, but lower than that of carp. The intrinsic viscosity was 2.4dl/g, close to that of carp and rabbit myosin.View full abstractDownload PDF (344K) -
Shin-ichiro Nishimoto, Ken-ichi Arai1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1429-1436
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlaska pollack myosin B (MB) was dissolved in 40mM Tris-maleate (pH 7.0) containing varied concentrations (0.3-2.0M) of NaCl and stored at 10°C, to examine for physico-chemical and bio-chemical changes. At 1.0M or higher concentrations of NaCl, MB showed a marked decrease in viscosity and ATP-sensitivity, a decrease in Mg-, and EDTA-ATPase activities. These changes were accompanied by a concomitant appearance of myosin in ultracentrifugal and gel filtration patterns. Occurrence of 50mM KCl-soluble actin was also observed. The soluble actin did not activate Mg-ATPase activity nor inhibit EDTA-ATPase activity of intact myosin. On the other hand, MB quickly lost Ca-ATPase activity when treated with NaCl more than 1.0M.
These results indicated that most of Alaska pollack MB was dissociated into myosin and actin, and both components were denatured at higher concentration of NaCl.View full abstractDownload PDF (2144K) -
Takao Matsuno, Takashi Maoka1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1437-1442
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe carotenoids in the carapace, flesh and gonad of Paralithodes brevipes were investigated from the stereochemical point of view.
The absolute configuration of papilioerythrinone (=3-hydroxy-β, ε-carotene-4, 3'-dione) isolated from the crab was determined to be (3S, 6'R)-configuration.
In the carapace and flesh, three stereoisomers of astaxanthin (33-39%) and (3S, 3'S)-7, 8-didehydro-astaxanthin (27-32%) were identified as major components accompanied by (3S, 3'S)-7, 8, 7', 8'-tetradehydro-astaxanthin (6-7%), fritschiellaxanthin (4-10%) and papilioerythrinone (2-6%) etc., while in the gonad β, β-carotene (64%) was found to be dominant along with three stereo-isomers of astaxanthin (11%), echinenone (7%) and isocryptoxanthin (3%) etc.
From the experimental results obtained, we proposed the plausible oxidative metabolic path-way of lutein A to papilioerythrinone via fritschiellaxanthin in P. brevipes.View full abstractDownload PDF (314K) -
Takashi Maoka, Takao Matsuno1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1443-1447
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree new acetylenic carotenoids, pectenol B [=(3S, 4S, 3'R)-7', 8'-didehydro-β, β-carotene-3, 4, 3'-triol], (3S, 4R, 3'R)-4-hydroxy-alloxanthin and (3S, 4S, 3'R)-4-hydroxy-alloxanthin have been isolated from the Japanese sea mussel Mytilus coruscus.View full abstractDownload PDF (271K) -
Kenji Hayashi1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1449
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (100K) -
Kyosei Sato, Masahiro Notoya1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1451
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (94K) -
Mutsumi Kawamata, Masahiro Murakami, Katsumi Yamaguchi, Shoji Konosu1988 Volume 54 Issue 8 Pages 1453
Published: August 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (115K)
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