巻号一覧
55 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の31件中1～31を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
藤野 和男, 保坂 智之, 荒井 克俊, 河村 宗郎1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 1-7
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーApplication of chromosome set manipulation to the pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai has made it possible to induce triploid sib populations, to estimate rate of gene-centromere recombination at some isozyme loci, and to suggest differential contribution of oocytes by maternal genotypes of thermostability variations of enzymes at multiple loci in the species.
The present paper describes successful induction of triploid and gynogenetic diploid animals in the brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and its hybrid with the japanese char S. leucomaenis after treating inseminated eggs by heat or hydrostatic pressure shock. Analyses on isozyme genotypic relations between parents and their triploid and/or gynogenetic diploid offsprings resulted in to estimate rate of gene-centromere recombination at the five loci. Apparent association between the differential contribution and their parental genotypes of thermostability variation was observed, supporting the results disclosed earlier in the pacific abalone. In addition, evidence of excessive occurrence of heterozygote or deficiency of homozygote was seen in the normal diploid offspring population at alcohol dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase loci.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1270K) -
後藤 常夫, 首藤 宏幸, 冨山 実, 田中 克1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 9-16
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe spawning and settling periods of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) were examined in Shijiki Bay and its vicinities in 1986.
The start and end of spawning and settlement were estimated from development-temperature relationship of laboratory-reared flounders and developmental stage composition of pelagic larvaeobtained by larva-net surveys in mid March and mid May. These analyses demonstrated that spawning would start from late January and continue until early May, and settlement from early April through early June. The settling period was also confirmed directly by beam-trawl sampling. These evidences revealed that three months of spawning season are reduced to about two months of settling period because while pelagic life is prolonged in the early season, it is shortened in the later season due to increasing water temperatures.
During the two months of settling period, a large size distribution in settled flounders would inevitably occur, which would possibly cause cannibalism Furthermore, size at metamorphosis of flounder decreases considerably with increasing water temperature. These factors which are directly related to survival of settling flounders are considered important in analysing recruitment dynamics.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (670K) -
藤井 徹生, 首藤 宏幸, 畔田 正格, 田中 克1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 17-23
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSuccessive diel sampling was conducted from May 11 to 12, 1983, to elucidate the settling process of a flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in a nursery ground at Shijiki Bay, Hirado Island.
A beam trawl with 2-m width was used for collecting flounders just before and after metamorphosis. Six hundred eighty-six flounders, consisting mostly of settling larvae and just settled juveniles ranging from 10 to 13mm in standard length, were collected after thirty-one hauls. Efficiency of the gear, was found to be 26.8%, as evaluated from actual flounder densities assessed by scuba-equipped quadrat method and repetition of experimental tows following the assessment. Population of the flounder inhabiting the nursery ground was estimated from flounder densities, gear efficiency and area of the nursery ground. The population size of mid-and late-phase metamorphosing larvae markedly changed with sampling time, exhibiting increases during ebb and low tides and decreases during flood and high tides. These changes seemed to be attributed to vertical movements of flounder synchronized with the tidal phase. The flood-swimming up and ebb-settling down movements enable metamorphosing larvae to migrate towards near-shore nursery grounds.
Heavy mortalities possibly occurring with settlement were preliminarily discussed in relation to starvation and predation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1470K) -
渡辺 尚彦, 大久保 元博1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 25-33
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEnergy input in the marine fisheries of Japan was estimated by use of the census data, i.e., Economy of Fishery Establishment and Fishery and Aquaculture Production. The total energy input as well as energy input per catch for each fishery type were estimated. The grand total of energy input for marine fisheries in 1980 was estimated at 6.0×1013 kcal (2.5×1014 kJ); the break-down of which was 28% for trawls, 19% for anglings, 18% for long-lines, 10% for purse seines and 10% for gill nets. The overall average of energy input per catch for entire marine fisheries was 0.60×104 kcal•kg-1 (2.5×104 kJ•kg-1), which is similar to or less than that in foreign waters. Tuna long-line on distant waters was the most energy intensive fishery type (3.5×104 kcal•kg-1). On the other hand, small purse seine and beach seine required the minimun of energy (0.05×104-0.08×104 kcal•kg-1). Energy input for catching each species of fish was also estimated. The most energy intensive species were marlins and tunas, whereas sardines and mackerels were the species which required relatively little energy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (640K) -
川合 研児, 山本 章造, 楠田 理一1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 35-40
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーJuvenile ayu Plecoglossus altivelis are very sensitive to handling stress. For this reason, it is difficult to immunize the fish using immersion or spray delivery methods. In order to immunize these juvenile ayu against Vibrio anguillarum infection, oral delivery was attempted using feed plankton as a mediator of the vaccine. Two zooplankton species: water flea Moina macrocopa and brackish water rotifer Branchionus plicatilis were examined on their intake of the bacterial antigen. The water flea incorporated three kinds of V. anguillarum antigens: formialin-killed cells (FKC), formalin-killed and washed cells (FWC) and heat-killed cells (HKC), but the rotifer incorporated only HKC. One g of wet live water flea incorporated at most 520μg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of FKC for 30min when FKC was added at a concentration of 1, 400μg wet FKC/10 water fea/ml culture water. The rotifer lost HKC easily by a few washings. Seventy-three-day-old juvenile ayu weighing an average of 63mg incorporated 0.64μg LPS (81μg wet FKC)/fish in 2h after FKC-fed water flea was given. Both the vaccinated fish by feeding FKC-fed water flea for 22 days and the unvaccinated fish fed untreated water flea were challenged with V. anguillarum by water-borne infection. The vaccinated and unvaccinated fish showed 92.4% and 64.2% survival rate, respectively, and this result indicates juvenile ayu efficiently incorporated the antigen and acquired protective immunity against vibriosis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (506K) -
四井 敏雄, 右田 清治1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 41-44
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーUtricles isolated from Codium thallus developed into medullary threads and the threads grew into prostrate clusters in the culture. When the prostrate clusters are cut into short fragments, new shoots were regenerated in a few days, and developed into the threads. For unialgal culture, the fragments were isolated with capillary pipettes. Fully grown threads were transferred into Erlenmeyer flasks and maintained as the stock culture. For the cultivation experiments, the threads were cut into short pieces about one mm with razors, they were allowed to attach on synthetic twine and a part of nori-net in a glass vessel. After three weeks culture, the threads on the substrata were transferred into the sea, Nomo Bay, western Kyushu. Many erect thalli of C. fragile appeared on the substrata after one month and grew to 4 to 5cm length after 4 months. From the results of the cultivation experiments by monthly planting through the year, the erect thalli grew well from October to June, but not from July to September.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1393K) -
サラティ フルビオ, 渡辺 圭介, 川合 研児, 楠田 理一1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 45-49
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to investigate immune response of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis against Vibrio anguillarum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by intraperitoneal injection, antibody production at various water tem-peratures and amount of the crude LPS that induce protective immunity were examined. Agglu-tinating antibody titer against formalin-killed cell and passive hemagglutinating antibody titer against crude LPS and pure LPS increased 1 week after immunization in the fish reared at 25°C and 3 weeks after the immunization in the fish reared at 15-20°C. The fish reared at 10°C showed lower titers at 5 weeks after immunization. Distinctly higher agglutinating antibody titer against formalin-killed cell was observed in the serum and mucus of the fish immunized with 0.05-0.50 mg of crude LPS than that of the control fish. Those immunized fish showed 100% survival rate after challenge by water born infection, while the control fish showed 13.3 %. From these results, it is concluded that ayu shows good immune response against V. anguillarum LPS at a range of 15-25°C and 0.05 mg of LPS per fish induces an enough immune protection against the infection.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1399K) -
小林 裕, 野々田 得郎, 石倉 勇, 内田 誠, 長谷川 英一, 小池 直樹1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 51-57
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSince a bottom long line lies on the bottom of the sea for many hours, the bait is damaged by objective fish, small fish, a crustaceans, a cephalopods or the like and the hooked rate decreases with the lapse of time. Authors investigated the percentage of remaining bait and hooked rate of the deep sea bottom long line (the used number of hooks; 16500) 33 times to obtain the following results.
1. It was concluded that squid bait had high percentage of remaining bait and was much better in bait retentivity compared with saury.
2. There was a marked tendency that percentage of remaining bait was low in the water area showing a high hooked rate and the hooked rate is low in the water area showing a high percentage of remaining bait.
3. The percentage of remaining bait in deep sea (200 ?? 900m) decreases with increase in depth but the reduction rate became extermely low in deep region over 600m. It is considered that percentage of remaining bait shows the relative distribution density of the benthos in that water region.
4. From the percentage of remaining bait along a vertical line, it is said that the range of the vertical migration behavior of predator is very narrow.
5. The difference of the hooked rate between a squid and saury was not confirmed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (441K) -
天下井 清1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 59-64
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper, the author describes one of the towing systems of a trawler which was reported in previous papers. Warp tension was measured and recorded continuously under several sea conditions. From these data, the probability density function of the maximum value of warp tension can be expressed by the Rayleigh probability density function. And the maximum value of warp tension while towing a trawl net was forecast using the practiacal equation (8). It is shown that the long-term distribution of maximum values of warp tension can be described by the Gumbel distribution (Type 3) or Weibull distribution.
Finally, the author discussed threshold of the warp tension.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (324K) -
傅 恩波, 佐藤 修, 梨本 勝昭, 山本 勝太郎1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 65-70
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe drag force action on plane nets of steady current flow has been investigated both analytically and experimentally by many researchers. Although wave force is a very important factor that should be considered in designing aquaculture net cage in the marine environment, there are few studies on the wave force action on plane nets. Moreover, many problems still remain unsolved regarding wave force action. In this experiment, the wave force action on plane nets was measured in a wave tank, and the drag and added mass coefficients were obtained. The main results are as follows:
1) The drag coefficient obained from the wave force and from the drag force under the steady flow were similar. The drag coefficient could be expressed as a founction of the Reynold's number (Rn).
2) When the Kenlegan Carpenter, KC number was larger than 35, the horizontal added mass coefficient was about 6, and vertical one about 2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (411K) -
岡 重美, 大石 圭一, 安藤 芳明1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 71-78
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe distribution and enterotoxin production of Clostridium perfringens in water and soil samples from various sources in the southern part of Hokkaido were investigated.
In addition, Hobbs' serological typing of isolates from these samples was performed by the agglutination test using the Hobbs' types 1 to 17 antisera.
C. perfringens was detected in 42.9% (27/63) of water samples heated at 75°C for 20min, and in 12.7% (8/63) of samples at 100°C for 60min. Enterotoxigenic strains were detected in 7.2% (8/111) of isolates from the former group and in 6.1% (2/33) from the latter group.
The organisms were also detected in 83.3% (25/30) of soil samples heated at 75°C for 20min, and in 6.7% (2/30) of samples at 100°C for 60min.
Of the isolates from these samples, 1.7% (1/60) and 14.3% (1/7), respectively, were enterotoxigenic.
Hobbs' serotype strains were detected in 10.1% (16/158) of isolates from water samples, and in 16.9% (14/83) of isolates from soil samples. A total of 30 Hobbs' serotype strains detected in water and soil samples were also divided into 6 serotypes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (548K) -
岡 重美, 安藤 芳明, 大石 圭一1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 79-86
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDistribution of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens in freshwater fish and their diet, in marine fish, and in marine shellfish in the southern part of Hokkaido was investigated. In addition, Hobbs' serotyping of isolates from these samples was performed.
Enterotoxigenic strains from the samples heated at 75°C for 20min were detected in 31.1% (19/61) of isolates from the intestinal tracts of freshwater fish, in 14.8% (8/54) of isolates from the intestinal tracts of marine fish. In addition, 6.3% (4/63) of the isolates from marine shellfish were also enterotoxigenic.
Of the isolates from the intestinal tracts of freshwater fish heated at 100°C for 60min, 40.0% (2/5) were enterotoxigenic.
Hobbs' serotype strains were detected in 22.1% (15/68) of isolates from the intestinal tracts of freshwater fish, in 12.5% (7/56) of isolates from the body surfaces and in 18.1% (23/127) of isolates from the intestinal tracts of marine fish, and in 9.9% (7/71) of isolates from marine shellfish.
A total of 52 Hobbs' serotype strains were divided into 6 serotypes and a large number of them belonged to type 16.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (502K) -
ホセイン モハメドアブル, 古市 政幸, 米 康夫1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 87-89
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRotifer was fed on yeast (WY) cultured sea water containing liquid from mackerel waste juice, and its growth was compared with rotifer fed on commercial baker's yeast (BY). Furthermore, proximate and fatty acid compositions of rotifer reared with WY yeast were compared with those of rotifer reared with BY yeast, ω-yeast (ωY) or marine chlorella. A similar density and harvest of rotifer were obtained by cultivation with both WY and BY yeasts. Rotifer fed on WY yeast showed higher ash content than that of rotifer fed on BY yeast, ω-yeast or marine chlorella, but similar moisture, protein, and lipid contents to the groups fed on BY yeast and marine chlorella. On the other hand, rotifer reazed with ω-yeast showed high lipid and low protein contents as compared with those of rotifer reared with WY yeast, BY yeast or marine chlorella. The percentage of ω3 HUFA in total fatty acids of lipid from rotifer reared with WY yeast was similar to that of BY group, but lower than that of ωY and marine chlorella groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (205K) -
D. M. Akiyama, S. R. Coelho, A. L. Lawrence, E. H. Robinson1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 91-98
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe apparent dry matter digestibility (ADMD), apparent protein digestibility (APD), and apparent amino acid digestibility (AAAD) of thirteen feedstuffs used for marine shrimp diets were determined for the marine shrimp, Penaeus vannamei. The feedstuffs evaluated were casein, corn starch, gelatin, soy protein, wheat gluten, fish meal, rice bran, shrimp meal, soybean meal, squid meal, cellulose, chitin, and diatomaceous sand. Each feedstuff comprised 88% of the experimental diets. The ADMD values ranged from 91.4% to -21.4%. The purified feedstuffs were more efficiently digested than the practical feedstuffs. The dietary fillers (cellulose, chitin, and diatomaceous sand) were either poorly digested or not digested.
The APD values ranged from 99.1% to 3.0%. There were no differences in APD due to animal or plant feedstuff origin. The AAAD were determined for arginine, lysine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, valine, histidine, phenylalanine, glutamate, aspartate, glycine, proline, serine, tryrosine, and alanine. The digestibility trends observed for APD were similar for AAAD. The high AAAD for chitin suggested that the low APD was due to the low digestibility of the amine fraction of the chitin structure and not a low protein digestibility. Arginine, lysine, and glutamate were most efficiently digested, while alanine had the lowest apparent digestibility value.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (631K) -
秋山 敏男, 加太 英明, 平松 緑, 村井 武四, 森 勝義1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 99-104
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTryptophan (Trp)-deficient diets (Trp 50mg/100g diet) supplemented with graded levels of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP; 0.1, 1, 10 & 100mg/100g diet) were fed to chum salmon fry Oncorhynchus keta to clarify whether 5-HTP, the precursor of serotonin (5-HT), prevents scoliosis caused by Trp deficiency and affects the levels of neurotransmitters in fish brain. The administration of the dose of less than 10mg of 5-HTP/100g diet caused scoliosis in 62-65% of fish atfer 4 weekrearing, whereas the increase in dietary level of 100mg reduced this value to 1.7%. 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) contents in the brain of the fish fed Trp-deficient diet containing 100mg 5-HTP/100g diet as well as those of Trp-sufficient diet (Trp 290mg/100g diet) were higher than those of the other dietary groups. The brain norepinephrine (NE) contents showed a tendency to rise as the supplemental level of 5-HTP increased. These results clearly indicate that the oral administration of 5-HTP up to the level of 100mg/100g dict or 40mg/kg body weight/day can almost completely prevent occurrence of scoliosis. Incidence of scoliosis in the fish fed Trp-free diet (Trp 0%) was only 15% even though brain 5-HT content of this group was in the same range as those fed Trp-deficient diet containing supplemental 5-HTP up to 10mg/100g diet. However, the brain NE and dopamine contents of the former were almost the same as those fed Trp-sufficient diet. These findings suggest that catecholamine may be also involved in an occurrence of scoliosis and that there is a considerable physiological difference between complete absence of Trp and intake of small quantity of Trp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (448K) -
山口 邦子, 荒木 利芳, 青木 恭彦, 曽 照煌, 北御門 学1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 105-110
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPolysaccharide-degrading enzymes were assayed for the extracts from the viscera of marine animals. Agar, alginate, κ-carrageenan, CM-cellulose, fucoidan, β-1, 4-mannan, porphylan, β-1, 3- and β-1, 4-xylans were used as substrates. Most of the tested viscera showed only low activity of the enzymes, and were useless for the source of protoplast-isolating enzymes to algal thalli. How-ever, the hepatopancreas of marine snails, topshell and abalone, possessed high activity of alginate-, CM-cellulose-, and β-1, 4-xylan-degrading enzymes. The extract from the acetone powder of topshell hepatopancreas isolated protoplast from thalli of many species of green and several of brown and red algae tested. The imperfection of protoplast-isolating activity in the extract may depend on the lack of agar-, fucoidan-, porphyran-, and β-1, 3-xylan-degrading enzymes. An addition of several microbial enzymes increased the protoplast-isolating power of the extract.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (546K) -
朴 哲源, 清水 千秋1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 111-116
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFeeding study was conducted to determine the quantitative requrements of Al and Fe, and to examine the interrelationship with the other minerals in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica. The experimental diets used were those based on white fish meal supplemented with 0, 15, 30, 50, 75, and 100μg/g of Al as aluminum chloride and 0, 100, 150, 200, 300, and 400μg/g of Fe as ferrous sulfate. The fish on diet supplemented with 15μg/g level of Al showed the best growth among all groups. In case of Fe, the low levels of Fe supplementation in diet resulted in higher growth rate and feed efficiency. On the other hand, the highest level of Al supplementary diet (100μg/g) and Fe supplementary diet (400μg/g) did not cause any side effect on growth. Among the groups treated with high dietary Fe, Zn and Mn contents in the bone decreased remarkably.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (385K) -
中川 久機, 石尾 真弥1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 117-121
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWhether or not accumulation phenomena of copper (Cu2+), manganese (Mn2+), zinc (Zn2+) and cadmium (Cd2+) ions by the egg of medaka Oryzias latipes were represented as the Langmiur's adsorption isotherm was studied.
The amounts of these heavy metals accumulated by the eggs reached stable levels, depending on the exposure concentrations within 24 to 48 hours. The contents at equilibrium for each heavy metal in the eggs were represented as function of their ambient concentrations. The defined equation of this relationship corresponds to the Langmiur's adsorption isotherm. Cd2+ had the strongest binding affinity to the eggs, followed by Zn2+, Cu2+, and Mn2+. The maximum amounts of heavy metals accumulated by the eggs ranged from 5.0 to 8.2 nmole/egg. The accumulated heavy metals were mostly bound to the egg membrane, while a lesser amount contained in the interior parts of the egg.
Thus, accumulation of these heavy metals by the eggs could be explained as the sorption phenomenon characteristic to the simultaneous occurrence of the adsorption to the egg surface and the absorption into the interior parts of eggs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (330K) -
中川 久機, 石尾 真弥1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 123-129
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSome properties as an ion exchanger of the chorions isolated from eggs of medaka Oryzias latipes and rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri were studied by using five metal ions (Ca2+, Cd2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, and Zn2+). The binding of these metal ions to the medaka chorion was observed in the pH region from 5 to alkaline sides. On the other hand, the binding of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+ to rainbow trout chorion was detected in the pH region above 6, and that of Cd2+ and Zn2+ from 5 to alkaline sides. Amounts of metal ions bound to both chorions increased with increasing pH. When both metal-binding chorions were transferred into other metal ion solutions, an ion exchange reaction between the metals bound to the chorions and the other ions in solutions took place immediately. Cd2+ and Zn2+ had a high binding affinity to both chorions, followed by Mn2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+. The binding affinity of Mg2+ was equal to that of Ca2+. It is thus evident that both chorions of medaka and rainbow trout eggs possess some properties of the cation exchanger which have an ion exchange group of weak acid such as -(binding site)-H+.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (567K) -
塩見 一雄, 長井 克之, 山中 英明, 菊池 武昭1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 131-134
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAnti-inflammatory agents were surveyed for their inhibitory effect on the cutaneous capillary leakage induced by venoms from the following six marine animals: the stonefish Synanceja verrucosa, the crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci, the Portuguese man-of-war Physalia physalis, the sea anemone Actinodendron plumosum and two species of fire corals Millepora platyphylla and M. dichotoma. The capillary permeability-increasing action of A. planci and A. plumosum venoms was significantly reduced by H-1 antihistaminics, diphenhydramine and pyrilamine maleate, while none of the anti-inflammatory agents were effective for the other venoms. HPLC analyses established the absence of histamine in both A. planci and A. plumosum venoms. Instead, the A. planci venom was shown to release histamine from rat mast cells. Thus, the following pathogenic mechanism was assumed to exert in the capillary damage by the. A. planci venom: a histamine-releasing factor in the venom first acts on mast cells (and other cells) and then the released histamine produces the increase in capillary permeability.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (346K) -
坂田 泰造, 松浦 衛, 下川 洋一1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 135-141
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn aerogenic Vibrio strain Yp-16 was isolated from diseased young fish of yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata cultured in Shibushi Bay, Japan. On the basis of specific characters such as O/129 sensitivity, lysine decarboxylase (-), indole (-), casein hydrolysis (-), V. P. (+), DNase (+), and acid and gas production from glucose, galactose, fructose, mannose and maltose, the isolate was identified as Vibrio damsela. It is feasible to differentiate V. damsela strain Yp-16 from other Vibrio spp. on TCBS(T) agar composing of TCBS and trehalose (1%). V. damsela strain Yp-16 was demonstrated to have hemolytic activity to fish erythrocytes and cytotoxic activity to eel nonparenchymal hepatocytes. Yellowtail dead fish injected intramuscularly with strain Yp-16 had hemorrhage in the internal organs, fins and gills, and the same bacterium was reisolated in the livers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1141K) -
丹羽 栄二, 加納 哲, 大坂 吉毅, 中山 照雄, 渡部 終五, 橋本 周久1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 143-146
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in actomyosin denaturation induced by urea, changes in surface hydrophobicity were examined using sodium 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate as a fluorescent dye. With increase of urea concentration up to 2M, white-fleshed fish actomyosins showed a marked increase of hydrophobicity. Red-fleshed fish and elasmobranch actomyosins exhibited a less increase, whereas avian and mammalian actomyosins did not at all. The urea-induced hydrophobicity increase was to some extent suppressed by sucrose.
Based on these results, it was concluded that the intramolecular hydrophobic interaction in actomyosin is most weak with the white-fleshed fish, followed by red-fleshed and elasmobranch fish, and warm-blooded animal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (261K) -
ソワバ アンスパニチ, 三好 英夫, 畑 幸彦1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 147-151
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe fate of four kinds of mangrove leaves immersed in mid and lower estuaries of Nakama River, Iriomote Island, Okinawa was examined using a litter bag technique. The times required for loss of half the initial ash-free dry weight of immersed leaves were 13 ?? 16 days for Avicennia marina, 17 ?? 18 days for Rhizophora stylosa, 24 ?? 34 days for Sonneratia alba and 52 ?? 65 days for Bruguiera gyinnorrhiza. The rates of degradation of mangrove leaves immersed in the lower esturary appeared to be slightly faster than those immersed in the mid estuary. Non-cellulose carbohydrate contents of the decaying leaves were about 3 ?? 20% of the corresponding ash-free dry weight which tended to decrease towards the end of the experiment. On the contrary, the levels of the amino acid contents in the decaying leaves were rather complex and apparently increased during some periods of immersion except the case of A. marina.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (312K) -
手島 新一, 金沢 昭夫, 越塩 俊介, 近藤 伸広1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 153-157
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe larval and juvenile prawns Penaeus japonicus were maintained on purified diets with cholesterol alone and mixtures of cholesterol-sitosterol (1:1, 1:3, 1:10, 1:30, 1:100) to evaluate a cholesterol-sparing effect of sitosterol. The juvenile prawns had the highest weight gain (%), feed conversion efficiency (FCE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) on the diet containing 0.5% cholesterol alone. The partial replacement of cholesterol with sitosterol reduced the weight gain, FCE, and PER inversely with increasing proportions of sitosterol. The body retention rates (%) of dietary proteins, lipids, total sterols, and cholesterol were lowered when dietary cholesterol was partially replaced with sitosterol. The larval prawns also grew best with the highest survival rate on the diet containing 1.0% cholesterol alone. The partial replacement of cholesterol with sitosterol (cholesterol/sitosterol ratios of 1:1, 1:3, 1:10, and 1:30) did not decrease the survival rates markedly but slightly retarded the larval development with increasing proportions of sitosterol. These results indicated that sitosterol had the cholesterol-sparing effect in terms of survival rates for the larvae but not for the juveniles, suggesting the change in sterol metabolism during the life cycle of the prawn.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (380K) -
横本 敬紀, 西田 清義1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 159-164
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHeat-inactivation of the turbidity-forming ability of akazara striated adductor myosin, and Mg-ATPase activity and superprecipitation activity of the reconstituted actomyosin were investigated to reveal the denaturation mechanism of the myosin. The inactivations proceeded in an early fast and a latter slow first-order reactions. In the early phase, the Mg-ATPase activity inactivated rather slowly but the turbidity-forming ability inactivated rather rapidly. According to the electron-microscopic observations, the turbidity appeared to increase correspondingly with the decrease in the filament length. Therefore, the early inactivation of the Mg-ATPase activity was supposed to be related to the structural change of the head portion rather than to the filament structure in the akazara myosin unlike in the skeletal myosin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2564K) -
中川 孝之, 永山 文男1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 165-171
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe binding of fish muscle glycolytic enzymes with F-actin and actomyosin was studied in vitro under various conditions. The binding of glucosephosphate isomerase, phosphoglycerate kinase and enolase with the myofibrillar proteins was weak, while that of aldolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was strong. The latter enzymes showed the ratio of the unbound to total enzyme ranging from 9-50%, when mixed with F-actin or actomyosin. The recovery of bound enzyme ranged from 61 to 86% for aldolase and from 60 to 92% for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
The enzyme-myofibrillar protein binding was depressed by the increase in reaction pH, KCl or Ca2+ concentration. In the presence of 150mM KCl or 50mM Ca2+, the binding was inhibited almost completely. Glycolytic metabolites also influenced the binding. Fructose-l, 6-bisphosphate and 2, 3-bisphosphoglycerate caused a marked adsorption-hindrance for aldolase at a concentration of 1mM. The results obtained could account for the enzyme-specific extractability from fish muscle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1971K) -
佐伯 宏樹, 故尾崎 弘忠, 野中 道夫, 新井 健一1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 173-178
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of CaCl2 on denaturation of Alaska pollack myofibrillar protein in the presence of 0.5M NaCl (pH 7.0) was studied.
On addition of 50mM CaCl2 at 0°C, specific activity of myofibrillar Ca-ATPase was largely decreased but rate and mode of its thermal inactivation were virtually unchanged. A considerable amount of actin as well as tropomyosin turned to be soluble into low ionic strength medium during treatment with CaCl2.
It was found that the CaCl2-induced decrease in Ca-ATPase activity and was suppressed by the addition of 1M sorbitol, and that the thermal inactivation mode of CaCl2-treated myofibrillar Ca-ATPase was simultaneously changed from the slow single first order process to biphasic first order step; a fast early phase followed by a slow phase. Moreover, a decrease in specific activity of myofibrillar Ca-ATPase induced by CaCl2. was mostly recovered on addition of carp native F-actin.
These results indicated that when 50mM CaCl2 was mixed with Alaska pollack myofibrils in a medium of 0.5M NaCl (pH 7.0), a considerable portion of myofibrillar protein was presumably dissociated into actin and myosin, and myosin rapidly denatured at an almost equal rate with actin. Addition of sorbitol in the medium suppressed the denaturation of dissociated myosin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (528K) -
清水 弘文, 中田 薫, 中野 広1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 179
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (99K) -
上田 龍太郎, 安原 健允, 杉田 治男, 出口 吉昭1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 181
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (109K) -
川津 浩嗣, 近藤 健吾1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 183
発行日: 1989/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (103K) -
1989 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 188-189
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (83K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|