巻号一覧
56 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の26件中1～26を表示しています
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久保 喜計, 浅野 博利1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1021-1027
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo clarify the growth feature and the structure of hard tissue, we studied the vertebral centrum of three species, bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus, bigeye tuna T. obesus and skipjack Katsuwonus pelamis (BL: 44.2, 39.5 and 40.0cm respectively). We examined the ratio of cetrum length to diameter in each vertebral centrum and obtained the value of 0.9-1.3 in most centra among three species. This indicates that the examined species belong to the equivalent type of the relative growth pattern of vertebral centra. The hard tissue was observed by microradiography, with the longitudinal and cross sections (about 100μm) cut through the center of notochordal pore. The major centra of the vertebral column were composed of characteristic simple structure like a cross, when seen in the microradiographs of cross sections. Microradiographs indicated that the bone has complicated canals with minute spaces like the bone cavities.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (763K) -
藤原 建紀, 中田 英昭, 反田 實, 唐川 純一1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1029-1037
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn analytical method for estimating the biological and physical parameters of larvae population from field-observed body length distribution is developed. The hatching intensity function and the survival rate function used in this analysis are given deductively from field data without any assumption on the form of these functions. We applied this method to the population analysis of sand eel larvae in the eastern Seto Inland Sea. The survival rate function is an exponential function with an apparent diminishing coefficient of 0.071 day-1. The hatching intensity function is a normal function whose central date, standard deviation, and maximal value are December 29, 16 days, and 6.86×1010 individuals/day, respectively. The total number of hatched larve is 2.76×1012, which includes the number of larvae hatched in the Bisan Strait (1.79×1012) and near the Akashi Strait (0.97×1012). The 86% of the larvae hatched in the Bisan Strait are transported into the Harima-Osaka area within one-month after hatching. The eastward transportation of the larvae from the Bisan Strait is well explained by the current driven by westerly monsoon wind in winter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (659K) -
藤尾 芳久, Elisabeth von Brand1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1039-1043
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBecause of its short life-cycle, the apple snail Pomacea canaliculata is useful as a pilot organism for shellfish studies in fishery genetics and breeding.
Four electrophoretically different phenotypes of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) were found in the apple snail. The zymogram shows to be under the control of two alleles, A and a, at the two variant loci, Lap-2 and Lap-3, respectively. In both, a stands for the null allele. Different phenotypic frequencies at Lap-2 and Lap-3 were observed among the different egg lumps.
Analyzing the presumed parental phenotypes and the phenotypic segregation of their offsprings, the existence of linkage between both loci, Lap-2 and Lap-3, were revealed. Calculating the recombination frequency between both 5.7% was obtained.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (459K) -
小林 時正, 岩田 宗彦, 沼知 健一1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1045-1052
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMulti-loci analysis coding to isozymes was made of 7 spawning populations of Pacific herring Clupea pallasi collected from 2 coastal waters (oceanic type) and 5 brackish waters (brackish type) in the northern Japan. Genetic polymorphisms were observed at 19 loci among 29 loci coding isozymes by starch gel electrophoresis. Greater degrees of polymorphic varia-tions were observed at the 4 loci in GPI, IDH, ME, and PGM. Average heterozygosities were significantly lower in the oceanic type than those of brackish type. Results of a contigency X2 analysis for homogeneity of allele frequencies over all loci of the samples suggested that these 7 populations are genetically isolated each other. However, the level of genetic distance (D) between them was rather low (D=0.0004-0.0035) and the level of differentiation between samples was estimated to be almost the same as those of local populations of other fish species so far reported. The 7 herring samples were clustered into 2 groups at the D value 0.0024. The first is the oceanic type including two local populations Ishikari and Mangoku-ura and the latter is the brackish type including five local populations Saroma, Notoro, Furen, Yudo and Obuchi.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (892K) -
大浜 秀規1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1053-1057
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDaily otolith increments of the Japanese smelt Hypomesus transpacificus nipponensis, were validated to establish the age determination method for the population study and the early life history of this species.
Artificially fertilized Japanese smelt was sequentially sampled from the age of 0 day to 145 days and the number of growth increments on sagittae was counted. The sagittal radius at hatching was about 10μm regardless of water temperature: i.e.9.81±0.73μm at 19.5°C, and 10.03±0.82μm at 10.0°C.The relation between the days after hatching (X) and the number of growth increments on sagittae over 10μm in radius (Y) was expressed by the linear regression of Y=0.966X+0.389(r=0.992, n=96, P<0.01).The slope is not significantly different from 1 (p>0.1), and thus the daily deposition of sagittal increments was confirmed. The maximum deviation from the mean day was 5 days (4.5%) at 145 days.
The ageing rate (No. fish successfully aged/No. fish examined) gradually decreased to 50% at 145 days after hatching. Consequently, this method of age determination can be applicable for fish younger than 145 days of the age.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (867K) -
山下 洋, Kevin M. Bailey1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1059-1062
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーElectron transport system (ETS) activity was measured for larvae of the walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma, with the objective of assessing this method for estimating the respiration of fish larvae in situ.
The ETS activity decreased minimally after 50 days' storage at -80°C. The ETS activity increased linearly with larval dry weight. The average dry weight-specific ETS activity of feeding stage larvae was 9.75±2.25 (S.D.) μlO2/mg•h, which was significantly higher than 5.82±0.88μlO2/mg•h for pre-feeding stage larvae. The average ratio of respiration to ETS activity was 0.47±0.16. As in laboratory raised larvae, the ETS activity in wild larvae also increased linearly with larval dry weight. The regression coefficient of laboratory raised and wild larvae were not significantly different. The average dry weight-specific ETS activity for wild larvae was 8.60±2.99μlO2/mg•h. The comparison of the ETS activity in laboratory raise and wild larvae indicates that the ETS activity method has potential to assess respiratory activity of pollock larvae in situ. Further experiments are needed to evaluate the impact of various environmental conditions to the respiration to ETS activity ratio, which is necessary to convert ETS activity data to respiration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (340K) -
佐々木 正義, 夏目 雅史1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1063-1068
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBiological investigations were carried out in the Musashi Bank and the adjacent waters to study the demersal fish community by otter trawl from January 1985 to March 1987.
During the investigation a large number of the young walleye pollock were caught in this waters. The fish were mainly composed of the young from 10-30cm in body length and supposed to be O-2 years old. Of them yearlings were mainly caught on the continental shelfoff west coast of Hokkaido in fall and in the Musashi Bank from fall to winter. One-year-old and two-years-old fish were caught in large quantiteies on continental shelf and slope off west coast of Hokkaido in spring and in the western part of the Bank from fall to winter. Their distributional pattern suggested that the young walleye pollock in the Musashi Bank and the adjacent waters changed the habitat by age and season.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (466K) -
谷口 順彦, Ketut Sugama1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1069-1077
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGenotypic and allelic frequencies were examined at 24 enzymatic loci in 11 samples of red sea bream from the coastal waters of Japan and the East China Sea. Nine loci (37.5%) were poly-morphic (major allele frequency less than 0.95), i.e., Aat-2, Adh, α-Gpd-1, Est, Idh-1, Me-1, 6-Pgd, and Sdh.
The average heterozygosity and number of alleles per locus were 0.113 and 1.981, respectively. Comparison of allele frequencies coupled with estimates of the genetic distance (D) and the stand-ardized genetic variance (FST), indicated that the Japanese population was genetically distinct from the East China Sea population. Most of this differentiation was due to high frequency of Estc and Me-1B alleles in the East China Sea population.
Comparisons of pooled allele frequencies representing the three major areas in Japan (Japan Sea, Seto Inland Sea and Pacific Ocean) did not reveal any differences. A pairwise com-parison among samples, however, revealed that Kagoshima and Kanagawa samples were signifi-cantly different from other samples. The possible explanations for the observed differences in allele frequencies among Japanese populations are discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1340K) -
上野 康弘, 平松 一彦1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1079-1082
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMature chum salmon are caught by coastal and river fisheries during their spawning migra-tion. In the tagging experiments of chum salmon in coastal waters of Japan, most early recaptures occurred in coastal fisheries, and the number of recaptures in the river fisheries gradually increased later. Therefore both fishing intensities are time dependent. In this paper, we consider a method for estimating the non-fishing mortality coefficient (M, day-1) and the time dependent mortality coefficients by coastal fisheries (F, day-1) and by river fisheries (R, day-1) from the tag recoveries using a method by Hearn et al. and the well known catch equation. We also apply this method to an example of actual recapture data. In this example, M was estimated to be 0.141, F varied from 0.000 to 0.100 and R fluctuated between 0.000 and 0.545.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (285K) -
塚本 勝巳, 島 康洋1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1083-1087
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to establish the ageing technique of the sandfish Arctoscopus japonicus the deposition rate of otolith increments was determined through time marking by immersing larvae in 400mg/l tetracycline hydrocholride (TC) solution for 24h.
In lapilli of every 20 fish which were reared for 95 days after TC treatment, a distinct yellow fluorescent ring of about 59.1μm diameter was confirmed arround the nucleus under UV light, and 94.6±7.7 (mean±SD) concentric rings were counted outside the mark. This coincided well with the number of days for rearing after TC treatment, suggesting the daily deposition of increment in lapillus of this species. Embryos just before hatching and larvae just after hatching had lapilli of 53.0±3.3 and 55.4±6.4, μm diameter, respectively. Therefore, the age of larval and juvenile sandfish could be given by the number of increments outside the 54μm diameter ring.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1752K) -
濱野 明, 実藤 了, 内田 和良1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1089-1098
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of motion of research vessel on variation of echo level in acoustic survey was investigated, by using the multi-dimensional auto-regressive model, in which the echo level was adopted as the output variable and the following 5 ship's motions and incident angle as the input ones: pitch, roll, and acceleration in 3 dimensions. In bow sea the power spectra of echo levels showed a good correspondency to those of ship's motions, which were mainly concentrated in 0.2Hz. The power contribution of Z axis acceleration to echo level variation was the highest among the 6 input variables. With increase in ship's speed, however, the correspond-ency of echo level variation to ship's motions became obscure. In follow sea the echo level showed small variation without any clear correlation to ship's motion.
It was suggested that the multi-dimensional auto-regressive model is one of the effective methods to express quantitatively the variation of echo level caused by ship's motion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (599K) -
川村 軍蔵, 田畑 幸一郎1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1099-1103
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWing meshes of commercial pair midwater trawls for catching anchovy larvae are as large as 360cm at the distal part and 15cm at the proximal part. Echo surveys were made using a 200kHz fish finder to examine if the larvae were driven into the net mouth by the wings of the extremely large meshes or escaped through the meshes. In approximately half of 468 recordings obtained, larval schools were found to be driven into the net mouth by the wings. Escapement was higher for smaller size compositions of larvae. As the larvae have well developed eyes and mechanoreceptors with which larvae are able to detect the net during daytime trawlings, escapement is attributed to the poor swimming power of the smaller larvae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (726K) -
塚正 泰之, 志水 寛1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1105-1112
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDifferences in the setting properties of sardine and Pacific mackerel were examined. The meat sol of sardine easily set after being kept at 20°C for only 20min; at the same time myosin heavy chain (MHC) polymers which were insoluble in SDS formed. But that of mackerel set hardly at all in the 30-40°C range, with no MHC polymerization. The setting phenomenon of sardine seemed to be caused by transglutaminase (TGase), as in the case of Alaska pollack, because significant inhibition of its activity was found due to the inhibitors of TGase, EDTA and methylamine. However, TGase activity was detected in the water soluble fraction of the muscle from seven species of fish including Pacific mackerel in the presence of 6mM CaCl2. When washed with 0.1N NaCl containing 2mM EDTA, minced sardine meat transformed its setting property to that of Pacific mackerel. On the other hand, Pacific mackerel meat changed its setting property to that of sardine after addition of 0.1% CaCl2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1722K) -
飯島 憲章, 植木 規, 吉武 聡子, 鹿山 光1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1113-1122
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーVLDL (d<1.006g/ml), LDL1(d 1.006-1.063g/ml), LDL2 (d 1.063-1.125g/ml), and HDL (d 1.125-1.21g/ml) were isolated by sequential ultracentrifugation from carp plasma obtained at 8h after feeding and purified by gel-filtration column chromatographies. Carp VLDL, LDL2, and HDL were all detected as a single band, but LDL1 consisted of three bands with lipid staining by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The major lipid components of VLDL and LDL1 were triglycerides. Moreover, both VLDL and LDL1 contained human apo B-, apo A-II-, and apo C- like proteins. Carp LDL2 contained relatively high levels of sterol esters in addition to trig-lycerides, and contained exclusively human apo B-like protein. Carp HDL, which was the pre-dominant class in all lipoproteins, contained phospholipids as the major lipid components and human apo A-I-and A-II-like proteins as the major apoprotein components.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1408K) -
村田 裕子, 林 哲仁, 渡辺 悦生, 外山 健三1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1123-1127
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーContinuous determination of extractive nitrogen was examined with a bacteria sensor. Extractive nitrogen is one of the appropriate indexes for the degree of digestive process obtained during preparation of extracts. The sensor showed a good response to each com-ponent of the extracts. However, the output of the sensor differed for different sample specimens at the same concentration. A good relationship was obtained between the output of the sensor and the amounts of the extractive nitrogen, when the method was applied to ex-perimentally prepared and commercial extracts. One assay could be completed in 20 min. No effect of NaCI on the current decrease was recognized at concentrations below 1%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (299K) -
佐藤 繁, 小丸 圭一, 緒方 武比古, 児玉 正昭1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1129-1131
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA small amount of tetrodotoxin (TTX) was identified in the intestine of the cultured puffer Fugu rubripes specimens with ages of 60 days and 1 year old which are generally accepted to be nontoxic, whereas no toxin was detected in the liver. TTX-producing bacteria are reported to occur in the intestine of cultured F. rubripes as well as toxic wild one, suggesting that a low level of TTX in the intestine is produced by the intestinal TTX-producing bacteria. On the other hand, the absence of TTX in the liver indicates that puffer could not accumulate a low level of TTX which is maintained in the intestine for a long period.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (259K) -
杉田 治男, 宮島 千尋, 小林 創, 出口 吉昭1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1133-1138
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present study was undertaken to investigate the localization of microflora in the intestinal tract of carp Cyprinus carpio. Aeromonas, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas and Bacteroides type A were predominantly detected in almost all intestine segments, although they did not necessarily increase gradually during the passage of contents from the fore- to post-intestine. Furthermore, the phenomenon was found that the percentage of each aerobe/facultative anaerobe dropped and that of each obligate anaerobe raised with the increase of total viable count (TVC). No antagonistic interaction, mediating the growth-inhibiting substance, was observed between the aerobes/facul-tative anerobes and the obligate anaerobes. Therefore, the above phenomenon may be attributed to the Eh or O2 concentration in each site of intestines because the growth of obligate anaerobes and aerobes is inhibited by the O2 at high and low concentrations, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (415K) -
神谷 久男, 村本 光二, 後藤 利奈, 酒井 正博, 井田 斉1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1139-1144
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA saline extract of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta ova agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes but not human type B cells or sheep erythrocytes, and the hemagglutinating activity was independent of divalent cations. L-Rhamnose was the most effective inhibitor of a chum salmon ova lectin. Melibiose, L-arabinose, and D-galactose also inhibited the agglutination to some extent. The lectin was purified by affinity chromatography on L-rhamnose-Sepharose 6B and fast protein liquid chromatography on a Superose 12 column. The purified elctin showed a single band with a molecular weight of 22, 000 in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with and without 2-mer-captoethanol. The agglutinin activity varied with the stages of development. The activity reduc-ed markedly after the eyed stage and disappeared just before hatching. The purified lectin did ag-glutinate a fish pathogenic bacterium Vibrio anguillarum, but did not show the growth inhibition of bacterium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (402K) -
松本 美鈴, 山中 英明1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1145-1149
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe changes in content of ATP related compounds, polyamines, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), and lactic acid were investigated in the kuruma prawn muscle during storage at 5°C, 0°C, and -1°C in relation to freshness
During storage at low temperatures, ATP decreased rapidly, while AMP and IMP accumulated. Although the levels of inosine (HxR) and hypoxanthine (Hx) were low at the acceptable stage, Hx increased remarkably as decomposition progressed. The increase in K values was considerably slow and reached around 20% at the stage of initial decomposition. As for polyamines, putrescine (Put) was absent at the acceptable stage, detected in a small amount at the stage of initial decom-position, and then increased markedly at the stage of advanced decomposition. VBN increased linearly with storage time and reached 20 to 26mg/100g at the stage of initial decomposition. Lactic acid increased to the level of about 50mg/100g during storage at low temperatures and decreased as the decomposition progressed. K value, VBN, and lactic acid contents appeared to be useful as potential indices for the freshness of kuruma prawn. Furthermore, Put and Hx con-tents seemed to be useful as decomposition indices for kuruma prawn.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (351K) -
中島 謙二, 内田 有恒, 石田 祐三郎1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1151-1154
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of a dietary supplemented sulfonium compound, dimethyl-β-propiothetin (DMPT), on growth of marine fish (red sea bream, yellowtail, and flounder) was examined. Optimum con-centrations of DMPT used for feeding tests were 5mM (585μg its bromide/g diet) with red sea bream and 1mM (117μg its bromide/g diet) with yellowtail, respectively. Dietary adimnistration of optimum concentrations of DMPT elicited a significant increase in growth of these fish: the body weight gain of the DMPT group giving about 2.5 fold increase at the 18th day with red sea bream; about 4.5 fold increase at the 13th day with yellowtail; about 1.3 fold increase at the 13th week with flounder against the body weight gain of the control group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (284K) -
竹丸 巌, 楠田 理一1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1155
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (793K) -
山下 倫明, 中野 広, 小長谷 史郎1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1157
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (92K) -
神谷 久男, 村本 光二, 後藤 利奈1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1159
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (102K) -
荒木 利芳, 森下 達雄1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1161
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1088K) -
山野井 英夫, 尾田 正, 浮田 和夫, 室賀 清邦1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1163
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (112K) -
坂田 泰造1990 年 56 巻 7 号 p. 1165
発行日: 1990/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (897K)
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