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Volume 56, Issue 8
Displaying 1-27 of 27 articles from this issue
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Katsumi Tsukamoto, Shinji Masuda, Minoru Endo, Rikizo Ishida1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1169-1176
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo estimate the influence of fish stocks on stocking effectiveness of the ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, the dispersal patterns and recapture rates of wild and hatchery reared fish were determined through a stocking experiment in the River Tsubusa.
During short-term dispersion just after release in May, two groups of hatchery fish (HR-A, HR-B) were mainly dispersed downstream, while wild fish (LAKE) swam upstream. However, another wild fish (ACCL) reared for 43 days before release had a lesser tendency to disperse than the others. Fish swimming upstream after release were larger in size for every group than those going downstream.
During settlement and downstream migration periods (June-October), most recapture occurred in the area within ±2 km from the point of release. LAKE distributed more upsteram and HR-A, more downstream than the others. Recapture rate during fishing season was highest in LAKE (29.2%), and HR-B (5.9%), ACCL (1.3%) and HR-A (0.8%) following in order, indicating the superiority of the wild stock (LAKE) and a disagreeable effect of temporal rearing on stocking effectiveness of wild fish (ACCL).
In conclusion, the stocking effectiveness represented by recapture rate depends on the dis-persal pattern after release: fish with stronger tendency to swim upstream resulted in higher re-capture rate, and are thus regarded as having a good fish quality.View full abstractDownload PDF (684K) -
Katsumi Tsukamoto, Shinji Masuda, Minoru Endo, Tsuguo Otake1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1177-1186
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA laboratory index to predict the stocking effctiveness of ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, in a river was determined by comparing the results of a stocking experiment in a field and laboratory tests on (1) swimming ability, (2) optokinetic response, (3) & (4) tendency to swim upstream in artificial river-1 & -2, and (5) jumping activity to a waterfall. Fish groups used here were landlocked stock (LAKE), amphidromous stock (RIVER), and reared fish from three different hatcheries (HR-A, HR-B, HR-C).
Stocking effectiveness represented by recapture rates through fishing season was positively re-lated with the tendency to migrate upstream after release. The tendency to migrate upstream in a river showed a close reiationship with jumping activity and tendency to swim upstream in artificial river-2, white it correlated negatively with swimming ability: i.e. Fish groups such as LAKE and HR-C with active jumping behaviour had a strong tendency to swim upstream in both artificial and natural rivers, resulting in a high recapture rate, whereas inactive fish in jumping behaviour such as HR-A showed a tendency to go downstream and thus, low recapture. It was concluded that both these two laboratory indices had the potential to predict stocking effectiveness of the ayu before release, however, the more appropriate index was the jumping test since the artifical river of large scale required much effort.View full abstractDownload PDF (793K) -
Masaru Kawagishi, Masahiro Munekiyo, Satoshi Iizuka, Yozo Wada1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1187-1192
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBehaviors of bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus once entrapped in the Sukizaki set net at the western part of Wakasa Bay were observed through the echo traces of the tele-fishfinder positioned in the second bag of the set net during the period from June to July in 1987.
T. thynnus often entered into the set net during the times between after midnight and before sunrise, furthermore between around noon and before sunset. On the other hand, they rarely entered into during the times between after sunrise and before noon, furthermore between after sunset and after midnight.
T. thynnus swam relatively at deeper layer during daytime, and shallower after midnight till before sunrise inside the set net. These facts suggest that T. thynnus has diurnal vertical movements.
It was clarified that T. thynnus entered individually into the set net stayed for a shorter period inside, while the group for a longer period. Furthermore when an individual T. thynnus entered into a set net, simultaneously more the fish in group might be passing away the set net boundary, because the fish usually forms school. Therefore, generally much capture of T. thynnus in group might be one of the good barometers as good capturing im-plements and location of a set net.View full abstractDownload PDF (699K) -
Masahiro Munekiyo1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1193-1197
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify diurnal movements of a ribbon fish Trichiurus lepturus, exploratory fishing expedi-tions utilizing handline, longline and observations through fish finder were made at the mouth of Maixuru Bay, the western Wakasa Bay, on 5 and 8 June, 1985.
Hourly angling and observations of echo traces of T. lepturus indicated that the fish signicantly showed diurnal vertical migration.T. lepturus mainly distributed from middle tosurface layers and made scattering school in nighttime. T. lepturus descended to bottom layer until just before sunrise, and made dense school at bottom layer in daytime. T. lepturus ascended and scattered from middle to surface layers in twilight.
Feeding activity of T. lepturus was increased in twilights. Diurnal movements of T. lepturus synchronized with that of anchovy Engraulis japonicus which was thelr main food in this area. This sychronizing might brought T. lepturus to increase chances of encounter wih the food. Bottom longliners at this area also synchronized their managements with diurnal movomots of the fish to effeciently catch them.View full abstractDownload PDF (638K) -
Akima Umezawa, Katsumi Tsukamoto1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1199-1202
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSForty glass eels, Anguilla japonica, collected at the Giese shore and the Tanshui River mouth in Taiwan were aged with the otolith daily increments, and their birth dates were analyzed. The mean radius of sagitta was 153μm, and the mean width of increments was 1.3μm until about 50 days and 1.7μm during 50-90days. The mean age of the fish collected on January 3 was estimat-ed as 122d while that of March 9 sample was 120d. There were no significant differences in age and body length between the two samples The mean birth date of the January 3 samples was September 2, while that of the March 9 samples was November 9 of the previous year. They were significantly different, suggesting that fish born earlier in the spawning place migrated earlier to Taiwan with constant age and size. Spawning season of the Japanese eel might be summer-autumn contrary to the previous understanding (winter), and the time required for oceanic migra-tion would be only 4 months.View full abstractDownload PDF (516K) -
Takehiko Imai, Tsuyoshi Nakamura, Suk Jong Kim, Shigeru Fuwa, Nobio Hi ...1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1203-1207
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study deals with the fluid dynamical drag coefficient on the octagonal-pyramid-net with six kinds of Weaver's knot nettings, fixed inside of five types of net-frames hanged at 29.3% of hang-in ratio. Half values of the vertical angle (attack angle) of octagonal-pyramid-frames were 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°and 75°.
The nets were set into a flume tank normal to the flow direction, and the flow was set at seven steped velocities, namely 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125cm/s. The velocities were monitored by a super-sonic digital current-meter which is installed in the flume tank of Kagoshima University. The range of the Reynolds number were from 1.7×10 to 1.8×103.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) A Reynolds number of 2×102 was determined to be the critical value for transition of drag coefficient.
2) For Reynolds number greater than 2×102, the drag coefficients were determined to be 0.70, 0.80, 0.98, and 1.10 for the octagonal-pyramid-nets with half value of vertical angles of 30°, 45°, 60°and 75° respectively.
3) For Reynolds number less than 2×102 the drag coefficients were proportional to Re-0.5, except for the net with the half value of vertical angle of 15°.View full abstractDownload PDF (327K) -
Eiji Tanaka, Syoiti Tanaka1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1209-1218
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present paper proposes a method for estimating the age-composition from the length-frequency by postulating a theoretical length frequency at age under a randomly varying environ-ment, and presents numerical examples. The theoretical frequency is derived from the stochastic growth equation. Goodness of fit is measured by the sum of the log-likelihood of a mixture of normal distributions of length and that of the theoretical growth curve as the penalty. The par-ameters are estimated by maximizing the goodness of fit. The applications to fifteen samples of bastard halibut show that the penalty controls the behavior of the mean of length at age and pro-vides smooth growth patterns. The penalty causes some loss of the goodness of fit, which is paid for by a biologically reasonable age-composition. Advantages and defects of this method and dif-ficulties in its application are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (559K) -
Yasuhisa Matsuno, Yuichi Yamanaka1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1219-1224
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn ordinary fish-finders, information of amplitude of echo pulse is mainly utilized. How-ever, the amplitude shows an irregular fluctuation on account of some factors, and the fluctuation gives bad influence upon the measurements. A reflected pulse shape contains combined information about amplitude, phase, and form of envelope. So, in this paper, by measuring the reflected pulse signal by two steel balls, the utilization-efficacy of echo shape (amplitude and form of envelope) was discussed. The measurements were carried out by using a 50 kHz fish finder in an indoor 45 ton-water-tank. In order to transmit the sound beam horizontally, a transducer was set up at the mid-water of the tank; and on the acoustic axis two balls were put at a distance of 2.1 m from the transducer. Received signals were analyzed by means of a signal analyzer. From these basic experiments, it was pointed out that it was possible for us to estimate the size of two balls and the distance between them, provided that these balls are within the range resolution decided by pulse duration.View full abstractDownload PDF (452K) -
Yasuhisa Matsuno, Yuichi Yamanaka1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1225-1229
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the former report, informations of ultrasonic echo shape, namely amplitude and form of envelope of the signal received by two balls were analyzed. And the possibility of making use of the information effectively was suggested. In the present paper, the relationship between the information about the pulse shape by the two balls and that by the individual fish was discussed. The measurement system and the analysis method of signal were almost the same as in the previous paper. From the measured results, in regard to ultrasonic reflection characteristic of the red sea bream, it was presumed that the characteristic was to be influenced more by the internal structure than by the external form. Accordingly, it was noted that the red sea bream had two imaginary acoustic centers in the internal structure. And from the simulated results, the distance between the two centers was assumed to be countable.View full abstractDownload PDF (693K) -
Tadashi Tokai, Hiroshi Ito, Yasuaki Masaki, Takeru Kitahara1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1231-1237
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this work is to determine the mesh selectivity curves of a shrimp beam trawl for two shrimps, southern rough shrimp and mantis shrimp. A covered-net fishing experiment is carried out of a shrimp beam trawl with codends of six meshsizes. The covernet has no effect on number, weight and size distribution of catch in codend in this fishing experiment. The respective mesh selectivities are estimated for the two shrimps. Through Tokai and Kitahara's method, we determine the mesh selectivity master curves for the two shrimps. The respective master curves for the two shrimps can give the mesh selectivity curves of a specified mesh size for them.View full abstractDownload PDF (495K) -
Hajime Nishino, Mikio Tanaka, Michio Yokoyama1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1239-1244
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe adhesion of meat to casing was investigated using fish meat sausage heat-treated under several different retort conditions. A poly vinylidenechloride-vinylchloride copolymer tube (26mm in diameter) was used as casing. The degree of meat adhesion was expressed in terms of the adhesive strength and the attached meat weight to the casing.
When sausage was heat-treated at a fixed temperature (120°C) and for different lengths of time, the degree of meat adhesion reached a maximum in 5 min and subsequently fell. The jelly strength and breaking strength gave the same pattern.
When sausage was sterilized at different temperatures between 100°C and 130°C for a fixed time (15min), the degree of meat adhesion increased with a rise in temperature. It was the same for the jelly strength and breaking strength.
Thus the adhesive strength depended on the intrinsic binding force of meat, because peeling of the casing was attended by the breaking of meat coagulation. There was a good correlation between meat adhesion and jelly strength or breaking strength.View full abstractDownload PDF (811K) -
Haruhiko Toyohara, Kazuo Sasaki, Masato Kinoshita, Yutaka Shimizu1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1245-1249
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of bleeding on the modori-phenomenon of gels prepared from rainbow trout muscle in association with death condition and freshness was examined. It was suggested that bleeding might promote the modori-phenomenon irrespective of the death condition. Additionally, the modori-property changed according to freshness. However, the relationship between the post mortem pH and the modori-property was not clearly demonstrated.
Promotion of the modori-phenomenon by bleeding suggested the existence of some inhibitor(s) for the modori-phenomenon in blood. Actually, the addition of the serum fraction of rainbow trout blood suppressed the modri-phenomenon as well as the breakdown of myosin heavy chain.View full abstractDownload PDF (1279K) -
Haruhiko Toyohara, Masato Kinoshita, Kazuo Sasaki, Yutaka Shimizu1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1251-1253
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChange of the modori-property depending on the storage time was examined using crucian carp which was known to show the myofibril-associated type of modori-phenomenon. Gels pre-pared from the fish immediately after death, stored for 3h, 6h, and 9h showed extensive modori- phenomenon and the myosin heavy chain of these gels almost completely disappeared on the SDS-PAGE analysis. However, relatively tougher gel was formed from the fish stored for 12h and rather dense band of myosin heavy chain was observed on the SDS-PAGE analysis. Strength of gel prepared from the fish stored for 24h became weak again. On the other hand, the post-mortem pH of crucian carp was relatively high, around 6.7-7.0. It was, thus, speculated that the myofibril-associated modori-inducing proteinase causing crucian carp modori-phenomenon might be dis-tinguished from other sarcoplasmic modori-inducing proteinases in optimum pH range.View full abstractDownload PDF (796K) -
Supis Thongrod, Toshio Takeuchi, Shuichi Satoh, Takeshi Watanabe1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1255-1262
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the oleate basal diet supplemented with linoleate (18: 2n-6), linolenate (18: 3n-3), arachidonate (20: 4n-6) and a n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) mixture in the total amount of 5% respectively, on growth and fatty acid composition of liver lipids. The lowest growth and feed efficiency together with high mortality were observed in the fish receiving the diet containing 5% oleate as a sole lipid source, and were effectively improved by the supplementation with n-3 fatty acids, but not with n-6 fatty acids. The highest growth and feed efficiency were obtained in fish fed the diet containing 1% 18: 3n-3. However, an EFA value of n-3 HUFA seemed to be slightly inferior to that of 18: 3n-3 in growth rate. No additive effect of 18: 2n-6 to 18: 3n-3 was observed. The hepatosomatic index, the liver lipid content and the ratio of 20: 3n-9 to 22: 6n-3 in the polar lipid fractions of liver were found to be the highest with fish fed the 5% oleate diet. These values were reduced by supple-mentation with n-6 or n-3 fatty acids. The ratio of 20: 3n-9 to 22: 6n-3 became less than 0.4 by supplementation with 1-2% 18: 3n-3 or 1% n-3 HUFA. The results obtained in this experiment indicate that n-3 fatty acids, especially 18: 3n-3 are essential for Yamame and the requirement of 18: 3n-3 is approximately 1% in diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (496K) -
Toshio Takeuchi, Masanori Toyota, Shuichi Satoh, Takeshi Watanabe1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1263-1269
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA feeding experiment was conducted to compare the EFA value between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in juvenile red seabream, and to determine their requirements for both fatty acids by feeding them defatted fish meal diets containing different levels of EPA and/or DHA ranging from 0 to 1% in diet.
Juvenile red seabream fed a diet without supplemental EFA began to show a high mortality and poor appetite after one week feeding. The cumulative mortality of this group was 46% after 24 days. The growth and feed efficiency were effectively improved by elevating EPA or DHA levels to 1% or 0.5% in the diet, respectively. However, further elevation of the DHA level from 0.5 to 1% and addition of both EPA and DHA in diets at levels of 0.25 and 0.5% each did not result in further improvement of these parameters. The hepatosomatic index was high in the fish fed low levels of EPA or DHA and was reduced by elevating EPA levels to 1% in diets, although DHA was more effective than EPA.
Thus, the requirement of EPA and DHA was estimated to be around 1% and 0.5% in diet for juvenile red seabream, respectively. The EFA efficiency of DHA was also found to be about twice as high as that of EPA, and there was no additive effect of EPA and DHA on growth and feed efficiency.View full abstractDownload PDF (444K) -
Michiaki Yamashita, Shiro Konagaya1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1271-1277
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe muscle of some chum salmon caught during spawning migration shows very high autolytic activity i.e. proteolytic activity and extensive softening. The process of the muscle softening during storage was closely correlated to the levels of autolytic activity and activities of cathepsins B and L. Proteolysis proceeded extensively in muscles when its autolytic activity was very high. The muscle softening was accelerated when the muscle underwent freeze-thaw. Inhibition ex-periments showed that most of the auto1ytic activity at pH 6.5 was attributable to the lysosmal cys-teine proteases, such as cathepsins B and/or L. An SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the de-gradation pattern of myofibrillar protein of the softened muscle was almost identical to that of myofibrils treated with purified cathepsin L. The tentative conclusion, therefore, is that cathepsin L must be the most probable enzyme responsible for the muscle autolysis and causes the extensive muscle softening which is often observed in the catch of matured chum salmon.View full abstractDownload PDF (1726K) -
Harue Kora, Mitsuko Fujio, Shinko Osato, Tatsuya Doi, Tosio Misima, Ka ...1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1279-1284
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn regard to thickness coefficient [(body weight/body length3)×103] generally used as a physique index of fish, the relationship between thickness coefficient and body fat was studied on cultured red sea bream. Each fish body was divided into three parts; viscera, muscle, and the remainder.
Weights of both visceral part and muscle part were significantly and positively correlated with the thickness coefficient. The fat content in the visceral part also was significantly and positively correlated with thickness coefficient, while the fat content in the muscle part showed no correlation. The lean mass weight in the muscle part, however, showed significant and positive correlation.
These results suggst that the thickness coefficient on cultured red sea bream is a physique index whicih indicates the quantity of lean mass in muscle part and of fat in visceral part, but is not an index for fat content in the whole fish body.View full abstractDownload PDF (357K) -
Yoshio Kaminishi, Hidemasa Miki, Tooru Isohata, Jun-ichi Nishimoto1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1285-1292
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of temperature on gel hardness of heat-induced meat paste gel and turbidity of myosin B solution prepared from shark muscle were investigated by applying to kinetics.
Their changes with time apparently proceeded to first-order reaction. The Arrhenius plots of their change rates for gel hardness and turbidity showed two straight lines with different slopes and indicated in the transition at 50 and 51°C, respectively. On the other hand, the gel hardness changed little up to 40°C and then increased to 70°C. The turbidity increased at 40-50°C and then decreased gradually on increasing the temperature. The typical network structure of heat-induced myosin B gel was observed above 50°C by scanning electron micrographs.
The results described above showed that the gel-forming reaction system of meat paste from smooth dogfish muscle during heating could be divided into two characteristic temperature ranges: below and above 50°C. The aggregation reaction takes place below 50°C and the gelation reaction occurs above 50°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (709K) -
Masanori Okauchi, Wen-Jian Zhou, Wan-Hong Zou, Kunihiko Fukusho, Akio ...1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1293-1298
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA microalga Nannochloropsis oculata is commonly used as a food for mass culture of the rotifer, Blachionus plicatilis. The nutritive value of rotifers for fish larvae is evaluated by the ω3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (ω3 HUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) through the alga. To produce effectively the algal cells with high nutritive value, the changes of chemical components, crude protein, crude lipid, crude ash, fatty acids and amino acids in two strains of N. oculata during the growth were examined. The cells were cultured at 25°C and 3-4klx light and in low salinity condition 30‰. The initial cells (1×105 cells/ml and 4×105 cells/ml) were inoculated into the fertilized media in glass jars (10l) containing 100mg/l ammonium sulfate, 20mg/l calcium superphosphate, and 4mg/l Clewat-32. The contents of EPA and crude protein in the cells at the stationary phase reduced respectively to 60% and 66% (NRIA strain) or 35% and 40% (Chinese strain) in comparison with the exponential growth phase, which continued for 5-7 days after inoculation. The most effective production of N. oculata containing the highest EPA was estimated to be attained at about 7 days after inoculation under suitable conditions (25°C, S=30‰, 3-4 klx).View full abstractDownload PDF (427K) -
Shigeo Sato, Norikazu Nakagawa, Shozaburo Terui, Takahide Tsuchiya1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1299-1306
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor clarifying what dispersion state the proteins assume in Alaska pollack frozen surimis, effects of polyphosphates and of pH, ionic strength and Mg2+ on dispersion state of proteins were examined by phase contrast microscopy and electron microscopy. Frozen surimi and carp myofibril were homogenized with various dispersion media, and the dispersion states of proteins in the resultant homogenates were compared with respect to the effects of the medium composition. The pH of the dispersion media was found to affect the dispersion state of proteins, while ionic strength of polyphosphates did not affect the dispersion significantly. The ionic strength of polyphosphates, low or high, was not found to increase the effect of polyphosphates to cause dissociation of actin and myosin, resulting in occurrence of myosin-poor actomyosin filaments and myosin free F-actin filaments. Based on the facts obtained, it was estimated that actin and myosin in the frozen surimi exist in the state of myofibrillar structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (1823K) -
Masayo Okuzumi, Isofumi Fukumoto, Tateo Fujii1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1307-1312
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in bacterial flora and polyamines content during the storage of horse mackerel meat were studied at two different storage temperatures: 5°C and 30°C. The results obtained showed that Pseudomonas I/II and Pseudomonas III/IV-NH which are known as typical spoilage bacteria, were dominant in the bacterial flora of the spoilage stages in the samples stored at 5°C and putrescine, cadaverine and histamine were detected at high contents. On the other hand, the bacterial flora of the samples stored at 30°C showed Vibrio and Photobacterium as dominant bacteria and high con-tents of histamine and cadaverine were observed when the samples attained the spoilage level. The isolates from the samples were carried out on decarboxylation test in order to know qualitatively which group of bacteria produce polyamines detected in the samples. Pseudomonas I/II showed positive for arginine, Pseudomonas III/IV-NH for ornithine, Photobacterium for arginine and lysine and some Vibrio for arginine. The results suggested that Pseudomonas III/IV-NH produced pu-trescine in 5°C storage samples and Photobacterium produced agmatine and cadaverine in 30°C strage samples. However, no other bacteria were found which produced other polyamines detected in the samples.View full abstractDownload PDF (419K) -
Tze-Kuei Chiou, Chyuan-Yuan Shiau, Tuu-jyi Chai1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1313-1317
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe nitrogenous components extracted from the homogeneous fillets of cultured milkfish and tilapia were analyzed and compared. No difference in the profile of extractive components be-tween dorsal and ventral part of milkfish was found, but the latter contained a higher quantity of these compounds than the former. There was a significant difference in the profile of free amino acids (FAA) between milkfish and tilapia. Histidine was the most prominent and accounted for about 80% of the total FAA in milkfish. On the other hand, tilapia was rich in taurine and glycine, but contained a small amount of histidine. A similar profile of nucleotides and related com-ponents was found in both fish, and IMP was the most abundant compound. Both fish also contained a significant amount of creatine and certain levels of quaternary ammonium bases, such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), glycinebetaine and trigonelline. In general, milkfish extracts contained more FAA, creatinine and trigonelline, but had less nucleotides, creatine, TMAO, TMA and glycinebetaine than those of tilapia. The pattern of the extractive components of milkfish was found similar to that of red-fleshed fish, however, tilapia seemed to be analogous to white-fleshed fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (361K) -
Choon-Kyu Park, Takashi Matsui, Katsuko Watanabe, Katsumi Yamaguchi, S ...1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1319-1330
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate the composition and seasonal variation of extractive nitrogenous components in the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi cultured at the south coast of Korea, the muscle, liver, gill and gonad were analyzed separately for extractive nitrogen, free and combined amino acids, nucleotides and related compounds, quaternary ammonium bases, and guanidino compounds using specimens collected bimonthly from April 1988 to April 1989.
The muscle was rich in free amino acids, such as taurine, proline, glutamic acid, glycine and alanine, and glycinebetaine. Most of analyzed nitrogenous extractives showed a marked seasonal variation with a maximum in summer and autumn and a minimum in winter. The liver contained more extractive nitrogen and free amino acids than the muscle, and the contents varied seasonally but differently from those in the muscle, being low in summer and autumn. The gill and gonad did not differ much from the muscle and liver in qualitative composition of extractive components, but their contents were generally low. In the gonad the increase of a considerably large amount of glycine was observed in December, the spawning season of the ascidian.
The seasonal changes of nitrogenous extractives in muscle are consistent with the reputation in Korea that the ascidian is palatable in summer and autumn but not in winter.View full abstractDownload PDF (681K) -
Noriaki Iijima, Minoru Nakamura, Kazumasa Uematsu, Mitsu Kayama1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1331-1339
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough apparent phospholipase A2 activity is very low in freshly prepared hepatopancreas homogenates of red sea bream, its activity increased considerably during autolysis. Hence, phos-pholipase A2 was purified about 14, 500-fold from the dialyzate of delipidated powder of frozen hepatopancreas homogenate by the sequential use of column chromatographies on DEAE-sepharose CL-6B, Toyopearl HW-55F, reversed phase HPLC, and TSK-GEL G3000SW. The final enzyme preparation was nearly homogeneous in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and its molecular weight was estimated to be approximately 20, 000. Purified enzyme had a pH optimum of 8.0 for phosphatidylethanolamine and essentially required Ca2+ for activity. These properties of red sea bream hepatopancreas phospholipase A2 were similar to those of the secretory enzymes of mam-malian pancreatic or snake venom phospholipase A2.View full abstractDownload PDF (1273K) -
Haruo Tanaka, Masahiko Nonaka, Masao Motoki1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1341
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (109K) -
Masanori Okauchi1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1343
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (119K) -
Kenji Hayashi, Ken-ichi Kawasaki1990 Volume 56 Issue 8 Pages 1345
Published: August 25, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (82K)
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