巻号一覧
57 巻, 12 号
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荒井 克俊, 松原 久美, 鈴木 亮1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2167-2172
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAlthough the chromosome number of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus has been believed to be 2n=50, an occurrence of small number of tetraploid and triploid individuals has been reported. In the present study, tetraploid individuals with 100 chromosomes and triploids with 75 chromo-somes were confirmed among loach specimens examined. Diameters of erythrocytes are associat-ed with ploidy; specimens could be categorized into diploid, triploid and tetraploid on the basis of the measurement of erythrocyte.
Among 242 specimens, 14 tetraploid and 10 triploid loach were found by observing chromo-somes and/or measuring erythrocytes. High frequency of tetraploidy was noticed in specimens from a commercial dealer, no tetraploidy was observed among specimens from wild populations, and one example was found among specimens from a fish farmer. The occurrence of triploidy was not unusual in any of these specimens.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2503K) -
荒井 克俊, 松原 久美, 鈴木 亮1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2173-2178
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーExperimental crossings were made between spontaneously occurring tetraploid (4n) and normal diploid (2n) loach, resulting in 4n×4n, 4n×2n, 2n×2n, and 2n×4n crosses. A part of 4n×2n and 2n×4n crosses were heat-shocked (HS) to inhibit second meiosis. Eggs from 4n and 2n loach were activated with ultraviolet (UV)-ray irradiated spermatozoa from 2n loach or minnow (G) to induce gynogenetic 4n×2n•UV and 2n×G•UV cross, respectively.
Embryos from the 4n×4n, 4n×2n, 2n×4n, 4n×2n•HS, and 2n×4n•HS showed 4n=100, 3n=75, 3n=75, 5n=125, and 4n=100 chromosomes, respectively and a majority of these fry de-veloped normally. Gynogenetic haploid (n=25) from 2n×G•UV were inviable. Gynogenetic fry from 4n×2n UV with 2n=50 chromosomes represented normal to near-normal morphology and a part of them were viable beyond the feeding stage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1929K) -
田森 裕茂, 岩男 昂, 神薗 真人, 吉田 幹英, 池田 武彦, 馬場 俊典, 小泉 喜嗣, 内間 満明, 三浦 秀夫, 矢沼 隆1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2179-2186
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDinophyte Gymnodinium nagasakiense Takayama et Adachi is one of the prodigeous red tide flagellates in western Japan and southern Korea. In order to identify the areas where red tides of G. nagasakiense are likely to occur and to elucidate its environmental features, cell numbers of the organism, water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen were monitored weekly in Suo-Nada and Iyo-Nada during May to August, 1989. In this investigation, we found that the initial appearance of G. nagasakiense occurred in the western and southern coastal waters of Suo-Nada of which environmental condition were characterized by high water temperature, low salinity and distribution of oxygen-deficient water in the bottom layer. Further, the biological and oceanographic data implied that the population growth was related to the formation of pycnocline and the expansion of distribution resulted in the overturn of stratification.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (590K) -
立原 一憲, 木村 清朗1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2187-2192
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーObservations on the life history of the land locked ayu Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis were made in Lake Ikeda, Kagoshima Prefecture, 1981 to 1986.
The gonads of males and females developed rapidly from August and the GSI of both sexes indicated the highest values in October. The diameter of ovulated oocytes in the body cavity ranged from 0.74 to 0.99mm and the relation between the number and standard length of fish was represented as E=0.00188χL3.418.
The spawning season of the ayu in the lake was from early October to late November. The ayu spawned mainly at shore lines shallower than about 30cm in depth and the substrate of reds consisted of fine gravel, ranging mostly from 3-10mm in diameter. The sex composition of the ayu crowding the spawning site was not the same throughout the spawning season. Males predominated in the early period of the season, and females in the latter.
The male fish matured simultaneously and most of them crowded at spawning grounds. On the other hand, the fully matured female appeared at the spawning site one by one, while the immature ones dispersed around the site in low density. It is suggested that this mode of spawning in the ayu may be one of the important factors for sustaining its population land locked in Lake Ikeda.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (405K) -
古川 清, 會田 勝美, 吉岡 基, 佐藤 英雄, 羽生 功1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2193-2201
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to investigate spawning rhythms of shirogisu, a daily spawner, the spawning time of individual females was monitored every 15 minutes. Females oviposited spontaneously during 1800-2400h almost every day in summer under natural conditions. The spawning time was highly correlated to the water temperature of sea water 2 or 3 days before. It was confirmed experimentaly that high temperature retarded the spawning time and low temperature advanced it in the same female.
Under constant darkness, shirogisu spawned daily. Spawning time gradually delayed about 15 minutes per day after a 4- or 7-day gap. In the experiment, shifting and changing photoperiods, spawning occurred 17.6-17.7 hours after the time of light-on, irrespective of the phase and duration of light periods. It was suggested that the spawning rhythm of shirogisu is based on the inner circadian rhythm of the fish and synchronized to 24h photoperiod with the time-cue of the onset of the light phase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2567K) -
吉崎 悟朗, 尾城 隆, 隆島 史夫, 広野 育生, 青木 宙1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2203-2209
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCarp α-globin gene (CαG) was introduced in rainbow trout by microinjection. Thirteen months after fertilization, 4 transgenic males matured and spermiated. Sperm from each male was used to inseminate eggs stripped from a normal rainbow trout female. Fertilization and early survival rates were equal to those of the control using a normal male. DNA was extracted from the sperm of father fish and 30-day-old embryos derived from the 4 transgenic males, and analyzed by PCR and Southern blot hybridization to determine the presence of CαG. In all the transgenic males examined, CαG was integrated into the genome of the sperm. Seven offspring out of 30 derived from the 1 male carried CαG, but no CαG was detected in offspring derived from the other males. In one of these seven offspring, about 50 copies of CαG were integrated into the genome, forming head-to-tail, head-to-head, and tail-to-tail concatemers. However, in the other 6 offspring, CαG formed only head-to-tail concatemers were observed. These findings suggest that CαG-integrated cells co-existed with non-integrated cells mosaically in the father transgenic rainbow trout. Furthermore, 2 types of CαG-integrated cells existed in them.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2972K) -
山本 正之, 渡辺 幸彦, 木下 秀明1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2211-2217
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to examine effects of seawater temperature on the growth of Porphyra foliose thalli, outdoor raceway tanks with circulating water were newly designed, and provided the experimental condition simulating Nori cultivation farms in the sea. Frozen seed nets of Porphyra yezoensis form. narawaensis were set in the raceway tanks. During the period of the two experiments, December in 1985 and February in 1986, mean seawater temperature ranged from 8.0 to 23.4°C. Standing crop of foliose thalli increased normally at 10-17°C, but the increase rate of standing crop lessened at the temperature higher and lower beyond these limits. Visible absorption spectra of living foliose thalli, indicating concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, did not vary much within the range of seawater temperature from 8 to 20°C. The optimum seawater temperature for the growth of Porphyra foliose thalli ranged from 10 to 17°C in the raceway tanks. This temperature range confirmed results obtained through in vitro experiments but was higher than that in Nori cultivation farm.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (437K) -
西村 仁志, 楠田 理一1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2219-2222
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe presence of C3 receptors on blood lymphocytes of yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata was investigated by rosette forming assay. The dependence of this adherence reaction on the complement and in particular on the components of the alternative pathway was demonstrated in this experiment.
Yellowtail lymphocytes formed rosette with rabbit red blood cells (RRBC) which had been pre-incubated with fresh normal yellowtail serum. This rosette formation was inhibited by treatments of the serum with EDTA, zymosan or heating at 50°C for 20 min. Antibodies with respect to the yellowtail C3 component inhibited the attachment of the sensitised RRBC to the lymphocytes, while antibodies with respect to yellowtail IgM showed no inhibition.
On the basis of the above observations, we speculated that the RRBC adherence reaction might depend on C3 component receptors present on the lymphocyte surface membrane. This result indicated the presence of C3 receptors on yellowtail lymphocytes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (962K) -
中嶋 正道, 上田 真久, 藤尾 芳久1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2223-2227
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLarger fluctuation of gene frequencies among cultured fish populations has been generally explained by the founder and/or bottleneck effect in the process of artificial propagation. How-ever, the experimental support for this explanation in fish has not been reported.
To obtain evidence of the fluctuation of gene frequencies due to sampling, sub-populations formed from one guppy population were examined using the loci AAT-l* and PGM-l*.
The AAT-l* and PGM-1* gene frequencies of an experimental population composed by 500 individuals, included 200-300 adult fishes, were stable throughtout generations. On the other hand, gene frequencies fluctuated within a wide range among 16 sub-populations, each made from one parent. The expected number of the sub-population in which the allele was fixed or lost nearly coincided witht he observed number. Thus, it was suggested that the large fluctuation of gene frequencies among cultured populations resulted from sampling errors of the parents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (325K) -
藤田 伸二, 深堀 一夫, 西ノ首 英之1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2229-2235
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe raft type of net cages are generally employed for fish culture in coastal waters. In order to estimate the tension of the ropes mooring the net cages, a model of the net cage was in a waving water tank, and the behevior of the model in regular waves and the influence of the fluid force acting on the model by waves were examined.
The result showed that the tension of mooring ropes was recieved from combined external forces, one being from the spdcific motion of the net cage caused by waves and the other being the fluid forces. The latter was directly affected by the volumes of floats which changed according to the wave motion.
Moreover, a method of modifying the tension of mooring ropes, which holds within the given wave periods, was presented by numerizing the following factors, the number of floats, the wave period and height, and the fluid force depending on the underwater volumes of the floats.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (418K) -
池田 譲, 桜井 泰憲, 島崎 健二1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2237-2241
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDevelopment of male reproductive organs during sexual maturation was studied for Japanese common squid caught from feeding and spawning grounds. The male maturity was divided into five stages based on the histological observation of the testis. The maturity was compared with testis somatic index (TSI: testis weight as a percentage of body weight) and accessory gland somatic index (AGSI: accessory gland weight as a percentage of body weight). Results showed that sperm have already been produced in the testis even when the testis is a relatively small size, and that the male maturational process consists of two phases. In the first phase, sperm are produced in the testis and in the next phase sperm are transferred into the accessory gland, stored there in the form of spermatophore until copulation with the female. In the maturation stage, sperm are still produced, which means that copulating behavior is repeated by same male during this final sexual stage. It is possible to express the male maturity condition by TSI and AGSI. These numerical values are TSI>0.5 and AGSI>0.1 in the maturing stage; TSI>2.0 and AGSI>l.0 in the mature stage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2369K) -
池田 譲, 桜井 泰憲, 島崎 健二1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2243-2247
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDevelopment of female reproductive organs during sexual maturation was studied for Japanese common squid caught from feeding and spawning grounds. The female maturity was divided into six stages based on the histological observation of ovary. The maturity was compared with the ovary somatic index (OSI: ovary weight as a percentage of body weight), oviduct somatic index (ODSI: oviduct weight as a percentage of body weight), gonad somatic index (ovary and oviduct weight as a percentage of body weight) and nidamental gland index (m: a ratio of nidamental gland length to mantle length). Results showed that the female maturational process consists of two phases and ovary and oviducts development are correlative with the nidamental gland development. In the first phase, ripe eggs are produced in the ovary with the rapid development of the nidamental gland and in the next phase, ripe eggs are transferred into the oviducts and stored there until spawning. The nidamental gland development is slower in the next phase, which suggests that the production of jelly material is started in this organ. It is possible to express the female maturity condition by GSI and m. These numerical values are GSI>1.0 and m>0.208 in yolk formation stage; GSI>2.6 and m>0.290 in the mature stage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1722K) -
内田 卓志, 吉川 浩二, 新井 朱美, 新井 章吾1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2249-2253
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn experimental study was made of the life cycle of a large-sized brown alga Sargassum muticum and its control using simple batch cultures in order to establish a routine system of supplying embryos as materials for laboratory experiments. Growth of early germlings was faster at higher temperatures under a long-day condition (15h L). On the other hand, main branch elongation was promoted under a short-day condition (9h L). Under the long-day condition, growth of leaves was active while main branch elongation was very poor. Under the short-day condition, main branches extented to form vesicles. Receptacle formation was observed by transferring the thalli grown and differentiated under the short-day condition at 10-15°C to the long-day condition at 20°C. Fertilized eggs repeated cell divisions to form early embryos on receptacles. The embryos were then liberated to the bottom of culture vessels and grew into normal thalli. By controlling temperatures and photoperiods, it became possible to regulate the growth and differentiation of the species, which brought a small thallus only 5.6cm high into fertility.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1171K) -
Marco A. Igarashi, Sonia F. Romero, 橘高 二郎1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2255-2260
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGrowth and development of crustacean larvae were affected by microflora associated with microalgae in water. The microflora in the culture water for larvae of penaeid, homarid and palinurid was compared. Penaeus japonicus larvae were cultured at 24.5-28°C, being fed on diatoms, Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis sp., artificial micro-diet and Artemia nauplii. Homarus americanus larvae were cultured at about 20°C, being fed on Artemia. Jasus edwardsii phyllosomas were cultured at about 20°C, being fed on Artemia nauplii and Mytilus edulis. The total viable count in the culture water of penaeid and homarid larvae were higher than those of phyllosomas. Bacteria which produce pale white and white pigments were predominated in the culture water of homarid and palinurid. In addition to these bacteria, yellow, orange and swarming colonies forming bacteria were detected in the penaeid culture water in particularly. Feeding behaviour of phyllosomas became less active and mortality occurred, when swarming bacteria were detected. The phyllosomas were more sensitive to the presence of bacteria than the penaeid and homarid larvae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (426K) -
小池 一彦, 石丸 隆, 村野 正昭1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2261-2264
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBenthic dinoflagellates are known as causative organisms of ciguatera. Despite the ciguatera poisonings that have been reported in southern islands of Japan, few studies have been carried out on the distributions of these organisms.
In this study, distributions of benthic dinoflagellates including ciguatera causative organisms were examined in Akajima Island, Kerama Islands, Okinawa, Japan.
Prorocentrum species occupied a high percentage of density compared with others, especially P. lima was most abundant and its maximum density was 236 cells/g (wet weight) of alga on Sargas-sum sp.. Densities of P. emarginatum and P. concavum were also high next to P. lima. Gambierdiscus toxicus known as a main producer of ciguatoxin and maitotoxin was rather low in the mean density (6.7 cells/g of alga), but its maximum cell density (51.0 cells/g of alga) was a thousand times higher than that examined at Okinawa Island and Inshigaki Island.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (952K) -
稲田 善和, 谷口 順彦1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2265-2269
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSpawning behavior and after-spawning survival of induced triploid and normal diploid ayu Plecoglossus altivelis were observed in an exrerimental stream. Female triploid did not show spawning behavior, and never came to the spawning bed. On the other hand, male triploid came to the sapwning bed and chased female diploid, and took part in spawning activity with male diploid.
Survival rate of female triploid was 80% from the sapwning season to next April, being higher than the rate in female diploid.
The problems of releasing triploid ayu to the natural rivers were discussed in relation with spawning behavior and after-spawning survivals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1388K) -
Shi-Yen Shiau, Ben-Shan Chou1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2271-2276
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimum protein: energy (P/E) ratio for tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon under seawater rearing conditions. Two dietary protein levels, 40 and 36%, and six energy levels, 280, 300, 320, 340, 360, and 380 kcal/100g diet at each protein level, were employed. Carbohydrate (dextrin) was used to adjust the dietary energy level. After an initial 8 week conditioning period, the experimental diets were fed for 8 weeks to triplicate groups of 10 shrimp having average weights of 0.82±0.10g stocked in aquarium of which salinity was maintained at 32-34 ppt. The weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein gain of shrimp improved as dietary energy level was raised up to around 330 kcal/100g when 36% protein diet was fed and up to around 320 kcal/100g when 40% protein diet was fed, respectively. Further elevation in dietary energy content had no beneficial effect in either protein level. These data suggest that when the energy level of the diet increased to 330 kcal/100g, the dietary protein level for tiger shrimp reared in seawater can be lowered from 40 to 36%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (374K) -
ラジェンドラン ナラシマル, 藤吉 恵理子, 松田 治1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2277-2284
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLipid content and fatty acid and fatty alcohol compositions in zooplankton collected from different stations of Hyuga Nada are described. The predominant fatty acids of zooplankton at all stations were saturated acids, 14:0 and 16:0, and the polyunsaturated acid, 20:5. Major fatty alcohols were 16:0 and 20:1 followed by 16:1. The similarity analysis showed that the fatty acid and fatty alcohol compositions were similar at Stations 1, 2, 3, and 9, being different from Stations 4 and 8. Lipid contents were considerably higher at Stations 8 and 9 than those of other stations. The environmental conditions at Stations 8 and 9 also revealed higher levels of nutrients and chlorophyll a due to pronounced upwelling of nutrients rich subsurface water, especially at Station 8. The variations in lipid content and compositions of fatty acids and fatty alcohols among the stations may be due to the availability of food and the environmental characteristics of the study area.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (494K) -
今田 信良, 小林 邦男, 田原 康一, 大嶋 雄治1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2285-2290
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to elucidate the production of an autoinhibitor by Skeletonema costatum and its pro-ducing phase, four phases in the growth process were selected. The autoinhibitor was extracted from S. costatum and its cultured medium at each phase with ethyl acetate and subjected to the growth inhibition test for S. costatum.
The autoinhibitor was produced gradually from the exponential growth phase of S. costatum and mostly accumulated in the cells up to the stationary phase. However, the inhibitor in the dying or dead cells was rapidly released into the medium, resulting in the increase in the concentration of the inhibitor in the medium. After almost all the cells died, the large portion of the inhibitor produced by S. costatum was found in the medium. This autoinhibitor also prevented the growth of other diatoms and Chattonella, but it did not show any inhibitory effect on the growth of di-noflagellates.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (366K) -
松本 美鈴, 山中 英明1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2291-2297
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーInfluences of antibiotics chloramphenicol (CP) on the changes in contents of ATP and its related compounds, polyamines, and free amino acids were examined in kuruma prawn muscle which was homogenized or chopped into small pieces and stored at 5°C.
In the muscle to which CP was added, the level of the volatile base nitrogen was significantly low, indicating that CP inhibited the growth of bacteria in the kuruma prawn muscle. On the 1st day of storage, ATP decreased remarkably, while both AMP and IMP increased. Thereafter, IMP maintained a high level until the 9th day of storage, and the inosine (HxR) and hypoxanthine (Hx) contents remained low. On the other hand, in the kuruma prawn muscle without CP, the accumulated IMP decreased and Hx increased noticeably after 4 days of storage. Putrescine (Put) was detected in small amounts at the initial stage of decomposition (the 4th day of storage) and increased as decomposition progressed.
From these results, it was concluded that the degradation of ATP to IMP proceeded smoothly by endogenous enzymes in the kuruma prawn muscle and that the increase in Hx and the production of Put were due to the action of bacterial enzymes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (383K) -
川津 浩嗣, 山崎 朋昭, 宮森 英次1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2299-2305
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn vitro hemolysis and methemoglobin formation in common carp erythrocytes were investigated using hydrogen peroxide and a hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase reaction. Hemolysis was found to be induced at H2O2 concentrations of more than 2.3mM, which is much lower than the concentration reported in mammals. Remarkable methemoglobin formation was also induced by H2O2. Cat-alase was effective in protecting against hemolysis and methemoglobin formation. In a hypoxan-thine-xanthine oxidase system, very little hemolysis was observed, whereas remarkable methe-moglobin formation was induced. Catalase was effective in protecting against hemolysis and methemoglobin formation, while no recognizable effect was obtained by the addition of superoxide dismutase. This indicates that hydrogen peroxide is a main participant in methemoglobin for-mation in this system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (412K) -
中島 滋, 河野 竜一, 松下 精孝, 土屋 隆英1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2307-2311
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWhen the soup for noodles is produced, dried bonito is used as the crude material for the taste. The components of soup taste are extracted from dried bonito using boiling water After producing the soup, dried bonito change to grounds called “dashikasu” in which the components of taste are lost. The amino acids composition and nutritive values of “dashikasu” protein were examined. The amino acid score of “dashikasu” protein was 90. Growth rate of rat fed “dashikasu” diet was higher than those fed a casein diet. True digestibility of “dashikasu” protein was lower than that of casein. The protein effeciency ratio, net protein ratio, biological value, and net protein utilization of “dashikasu” protein for rat were approxi-mately 2.5, 2.0, 65, and 61, respectively. These values were mostly the same as those of casein抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (322K) -
藤岡 康弘, 加藤 尚, 伏木 省三, 中川 平介1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2313-2320
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChanges in lipid content, lipid class composition, and fatty acid composition in wild and cultur-ed biwa and amago salmon underyearlings were examined during the period of body silvering. Cultured biwa salmon showed slight changes in these components of the muscle during body sil-vering. Although cultured amago salmon parr showed seasonal fluctuations in the components, the smolts did not show definite difference as compared with the parr in early smolting season. On the other hand, wild biwa salmon displayed a marked difference in the lipid class composition and fatty acid composition between the parr in the river and the silvery fish in the lake. In silvering biwa salmon, depletion of 16:1, 18:2n6, 18:3n3 and increase in 22:6n3 of nonpolar lipids were observed, the pattern being similar to the marine fish lipid. Since no change was seen in cultured biwa salmon, differences in the lipid class and fatty acid compositions between the parr in the river and the silvery fish in the lake in wild biwa salmon seem to be related to differences in their feeding habit and/or in swimming activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (507K) -
深見 公雄, 西島 敏隆, 村田 宏, 土居 聡, 畑 幸彦1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2321-2326
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDistribution of bacteria influential on the algal growth during the process of development and decay of Gymnodinium nagasakiense red tide and their effects on the growth of G. nagasakiense and Skeletonema costatum were investigated in Uranouchi Inlet, Kochi. Seawater samples collected around red tide period of G. nagasakiense were filtered through either 0.8μm or 0.2μm filters. Into these filtrates were inoculated axenic cultures of G. nagasakiense or S. costatum. After in-cubation, cell numbers of G. nagasakiense or S. costatum in 0.8μm-filtrates were counted and were compared with those in 0.2μm-filtrates to estimate the bacterial effect on the growth of the two algae. During the time of the development of G. nagasakiense red tide when diatoms were still predominated, natual bacteria were stimulative for both G. nagasakiense and S. costatum. The stimulative effect for S. costatum, however, solely decreased just before the peak of G. nagasakiense red tide, while that for G. nagasakiense was still kept. On the contrary, bacterial effects for both two algae were inhibitory in the decline process of G. nagasakiense bloom. These results indicate that natual communities of bacteria in 0.8μm-filtrates had significant effects on the growth of specific algal species and suggested that they play an important role on the development and decay of algal bloom, in addition to the succession of species predominating.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (406K) -
Md. Ghulam Mustafa, 中川 平介, 大家 正太郎, 清水 寿一, 堀川 芳明, 山本 慎一1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2327-2331
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of supplementation of dietary medium chain triglycerides (MCT) at different levels (0, 2, 4, 5, and 6%) to the commercial diet on the quality of Ayu Plecoglossus altivelis were evaluated morphometrically and biochemically. The supplementation of MCT was effective to accelerate body weight grain and to suppress lipid accumulation in the body. Body weight and muscle mass increased and the intraperitoneal fat body, hepatosomatic index, and viscerosomatic index decreased gradually with the increasing level of MCT. The highest weight gain and the lowest lipid accumulation were observed in the 6% MCT sup-plemented group. Supplementation level of 6% or more would be available for the im-provement of growth without deposition of lipid in the body. The view that MCT can used to improve the quality of fish has been further strengthened.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (328K) -
丹羽 栄二, Alam AKM Nowsad, 加納 哲1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2333-2336
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChange in the various physical parameters of suwari-gel during the low temperature setting of salted fish flesh sol from Alaska pollack frozen surimi was examined. The breaking force and breaking strain were increased up to 72h in the gel incubated at 0 and 10°C, but decreased after showing an increase up to 24h in the gel incubated at 20 and 30°C. G1 and η1 measured by stress-relaxation were increased up to 24h and held at constant thereafter but G2 and η2 were not so changed during the incubation for 72h, where G1 and η1, were the elastic modulus and viscosity of a Maxwell's model, while G2 and η2 were those of another Maxwell's model paralleled the former model. The storage modulus and loss modulus were rapidly increased up to 24h and held at constant there-after in the gel incubated at 0 and 10°C, but decreased after showing an increase up to 24h in the gel incubated at 20 and 30°C. The expressible water was still decreased after 24h in the gel in-cubated at 0°C, but increased in the gel incubated at 10-30°C and this increment was more as the temperature became higher.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (260K) -
奥村 誠一1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2337
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (861K) -
川合 祐史, 信濃 晴雄1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2339
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (42K) -
安藤 正史, 豊原 治彦, 志水 寛, 坂口 守彦1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2341
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (100K) -
橘高 二郎, John Booth, 関口 秀夫, 西田 周平1991 年 57 巻 12 号 p. 2343
発行日: 1991/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (77K)
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