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Volume 58, Issue 2
Displaying 1-30 of 30 articles from this issue
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Kosaku Yamaoka, Kenji Okada, Nobuhiko Taniguchi, Hidetoshi Kuwahara, Y ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 175-180
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe observed the territorial behaviour of released juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major in an artificial nursery ground. When we first released 500 individuals in it, the number of individuals showing territorial behaviour increased at a considerable rate with time. Two days after taking them up in a land water tank, we released 400 of them back into it. The number of territorial individuals increased rapidly and 5 out of 8 which were selected individually occupied the same guarded area as before being taken up. These facts show that territorial individuals have a capability of memory for places. When we conducted the second release (n=400), the number of territorial individuals increased only slowly, which suggests that the effect of prior residence works between individuals of the first and second release groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (411K) -
Atsushi Yamasaki, Masatosi Sinoda, Akihiko Kuwahara1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 181-186
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present paper deals with survival rates per year after terminal molting and between two successive molting stages of the male snow crab Chionoecetes opilio, using 3, 247 individuals collected by crab trap and Danish seine at the sea bottom with a depth range of 220 to 350 min the Japan Sea off Kyoto Prefecture from March 1989 to November 1990.
Snow crabs with a carapace width of more than 60mm were divided into four molting stages, having a mean carapace width of 67.4, 91.2, 111.1 and 130.2mm. The molting stage with the largest mean width (130.2mm) was constituted only by terminal molting crabs. The three molting stages with smaller mean widths of 67.4, 91.2 and 111.1mm, however, had two different groups comprising terminal molting crabs and non-terminal molting crabs.
According to the percentage occurrences of the terminal molting crab in four molting stages at periods of soft and hard shell crabs, it was estimated that the survival rates of male crabs within a year after terminal molting and more than one year after the molt were less than 0.35-0.43 (year-1) and 0.58-0.71 (year-1), respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (415K) -
Yuichi Yamanaka, Yasuhisa Matsuno1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 187-192
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe waveform of an acoustic echo from individual fish shows complicated changes. We undertook basic experiments in order to obtain information on the sound-reflecting object.
In an experiment with two steel balls, the distance between two acoustic sources was calculated from the periodic change of the scattering pattern by using an auto-correlation function. It was confirmed that the period of the carrier changed appreciably when the echo amplitude was cancelled due to interference. This phenomenon will be used to indicate a state of interference in wave form fluctuation. In an experiment with individual fish, the echo pattern showed a periodic change which was estimated to be caused by interference. Also the period of the carrier fluctuated in the cancelled condition.
In this paper, we report the results of these measurements and discuss the application of information included in waveform fluctuation.View full abstractDownload PDF (504K) -
Yasuzumi Fujimori, Ko Matuda, Loel P. Losanes1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 193-198
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe selectivity curve of the gillnet and the semi-trammel net was estimated by applying a skew-normal function. The parameters of the model were obtained using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The data were taken from a large outdoor water tank containing a large number of rainbow trout Oncorhyncus mykiss of known size composition. A large tank was used for the purpose of minimizing any statistical error which may be caused by smaller tanks. The he length distribution of the catch from the calculated value was in close agreement with the experimental value. Thus, the skew-normal function could well describe the selectivity curve of the gillnets. The selectivity curve of the semi-trammel net had a larger degree of skewness than that of the gillnet. However, the skewness of the semi-trammel net decreased linearly with an increase in mesh size. Thus, the entagling effect of the semi-trammel net was higher for larger fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (372K) -
Results of a Survey Made in 1986Mutsumi Nishida, Yasumasa Sawashi, Shinsho Nishijima, Mikio Azuma, Har ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 199-206
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution and abundance of an endangered subspecies of the ayu Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis was determined on the three major islands, Amami-oshima, Tokunoshima, and Okinawa Islands, in 1986. The fish was observed only in five streams in the southern part of Amami-oshima Island. Among these five streams, the majority of fish were found in the Yakugachi River. While the number of fish in this particular stream was approximately 3.5×104, in all other streams the densities were much lower, and we therefore conclude that this subspecies is threatened and some attempts should be made for conservation of this fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (581K) -
Takashi Tsuchiyama, Atsushi Ishimatsu, Tatsuya Oda, Shinji Uchida, Mas ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 207-211
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTissue catecholamine (CA) levels of selected tissues (the cerebellum, head kidney, atrium, ventricle, gill, spleen, stomach, and intestine) were analyzed in the yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. The results showed a typical teleost pattern of tissue CA distribution with the highest levels of CAs found in the head kidney, suggesting that the physiological mechanism of CA discharge demonstrated for other teleosts is also functioning in this species.
The effect of Chattonella exposure on plasma CA concentrations was then analyzed. Plasma CA concentrations were moderately elevated initially after exposure followed by a substantial in-crease at death (150 and 350 fold for noradrenaline and adrenaline respectively). The time course changes in plasma CAs suggest that the release of CAs is a secondary response triggered by the decrease in arterial Po2. This response was probably augmented by acidosis near death.View full abstractDownload PDF (315K) -
Tatsuro Matsuoka, John Kasu, Henry Nagaleta1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 213-222
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe capture process in vertical longline fishing was studied on the basis of field experiments along a barrier reef off Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. Fishing results were analyzed with respect to a variable soaking period and hook position. The numbers of bait retention and fish/hook contacts were compared to the numbers of recorded hooks. The numbers of bait loss, line break and catch were compared to the number of contacts. The contact ratio increased with soaking periods and decreased with hook heights. The bait-loss ratio was constant against a soaking period and greater on low hooks. The break ratio increased with soaking periods. The catch ratio was large on intermediate and upper hooks and levelled off in longer soaking. Satura-tion in fishing efficiency when lines were soaked for a long time was interpreted by a 'contact-re-tention' model. The physical injury suffered by fish during escape and line break may induce mortality and has an implication for fishing efficiency and resource utilization.View full abstractDownload PDF (701K) -
Makoto Osada, Katsuyoshi Mori, Tadashi Nomura1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 223-227
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn in vitro experiment was undertaken to investigate the physiological role of estrogen on the neuromechanism, especially the release of eggs induced by serotonin, in the ovary of the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis. Estradiol-17β(E2) had no direct action on the release of eggs from the ovarian pieces, whereas preincubation with E2 accelerated the release of eggs induced by incuba- tion with 10-7M and 10-6M serotonin (5-HT), depending upon the E2 concentration. In ad-dition, the accelerating effect of E2 was inhibited with aspirin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and ac-tinomycin D (RNA synthesis inhibitor). Therefore, it was suggested that prostaglandin (PG), functioning as a neuromodulator on the 5-HT action in the spawning of the scallop, is one of the factors which cause the promoting effect of E2 on 5-HT action, together with the induction of a protein formation via a genomic action, and that E2 may enhance the sensitivity to external stimuli in egg release with the progressing maturity of the scallop.View full abstractDownload PDF (380K) -
Subiyanto, Ikuo Hirata, Tetsushi Senta1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 229-234
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe seasonal and geographical occurrences of pelagic larvae of the Japanese flounder Par-alichthys olivaceus in the Yatsushiro Sea (an inlet of 1, 200km2) and neighboring waters in Kyushu were studied in the years 1989-1991. The larvae occurred from January to May, with a peak in March and April. The larvae were more abundant in intermediate and bottom layers than in the surface layer. Geographical occurrences of the larvae and patterns of the tidal currents suggested that the spawning of the fish in the inlet is insignificant and that the larvae of the pelagic stages migrate into the inlet mostly through the Nagashima Straits.View full abstractDownload PDF (482K) -
Toshiro Saruwatari, Muneo Okiyama1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 235-248
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSShirauo S. microdon Bleeker: Salangidae is a very popular food fish, inhabiting brackish waters throughout Japan. However, little is known regarding the life cycle of the species. A 2-year survey was conducted to clarify the movement and dispersal of S. microdon throughout its life history in Lake Hinuma, a brackish lake in central Japan.
Results of the survey revealed that from emergence in spring to maturation and spawning the following spring, S. microdon was found within Lake Hinuma all year round. Although there are seasonal occurrences of the species in Shimohinuma River, a river flowing out of Lake Hinuma, when the river shows a well-mixed vertical profile, S. microdon was not found in coastal waters adjacent to the lake, disproving any diadromous life history of the species. Comparisons of standard length, body weight and gonadosomatic index of S. microdon caught within the lake and in the river did not show any significant differences.
It was concluded that S. microdon is dependent upon the brackish environment, undertaking its complete life history within the Lake Hinuma water system. This small species is one of the few brackish water species in Japanese waters.View full abstractDownload PDF (960K) -
Gunzo Kawamura, Seiya Mori, Shinichiro Toya1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 249-254
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine the catching process in encircling gillnets, statistical analyses were made of catch and direction of enmeshing obtained from two comercially operated encircling gillnets (Izumi- and Eguchi-nets). Underwater observation of the behavior of the two nets was made by two divers during experimental operation. Izumi-net was of double wall nettings 100-120m long with a scare net and completely closed on hauling, and Eguchi-net was of a single wall netting 245m long and not closed on hauling. Japanese whiting, red seabream, crimson seabream, Richardson dragonets, and lizardfish were enmeshed before they were encircled by the nets. In the Eguchi-net, the fishes were enmeshed on both sides. Japanese whiting swimming behind the moving net were found to try to pass through the mesh to join the fish swimming in front of the net, and were enmeshed inwards. This schooling-related behavior probably partly caused the inward enmeshing in Eguchi-net. In the Izumi-net, fishes were driven well and all enmeshed outwards, probably due to the higher visibility of this net.View full abstractDownload PDF (458K) -
Aritsune Uchida, Tomoaki Ooguri, Takehiro Ishida, Yuzaburo Ishida1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 255-259
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentration of biogenic dimethylsulfide (DMS) in the sea water in Maizuru Bay in one year (May 1986 to April 1987) ranged from 0.04 to 18.0μg DMS/l. Although these concentrations of DMS coincide slightly with the incidence of the concentration of chlorophyll a, a good correla-tion was obtained between concentrations of DMS and chlorophyll a in red tide waters of dinoflagellates such as Prorocentrum micans and Gymnodiniunm nagasakiense.
Rough estimates for the average flux of DMS from coastal water to the atmosphere during the summer are of the order of 103μg S/m2.d, a 100-fold increase over the winter flux.View full abstractDownload PDF (362K) -
Aritsune Uchida, Tomoaki Ooguri, Yuzaburo Ishida1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 261-265
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDimethylsulphide (DMS) in surface seawater and vertical hydrographic profiles were deter-mined in the western, subtropical, and tropical Pacific Ocean during the cruises of the Seisui-maru, Mie University (Cruises 86-R-9, 87-R-8, 88-R-5) and the Hakuho-maru, Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo (Cruise KH-88-1). The vertical distribution of DMS in the euphotic zone follows that of primary production, with a maximum at or near the ocean surface and a decrease with depth. Below the level of 1% light penetration, DMS levels decline gradually. The mean DMS concentrations in the surface water of the sea off Japan and the tropical and subtropical Pacific Ocean were 611 and 265ng DMS/l, respectively. Since DMS is the major volatile sulphur compound in the ocean, it is suggested that estimated DMS transfer across the sea-air interface contributes significantly to the atmospheric sulphur budget.View full abstractDownload PDF (340K) -
Yasunori Ishibashi, Shizunori Ikeda, Osamu Murata, Toshirou Nasu, Teru ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 267-270
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSJuvenile Japanese parrot fish Oplegnathus fasciatus were fed purified test diets supplemented with 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 300mg of ascorbic acid (AsA) per 100g of diet.
In the no AsA supplemented diet group, growth declined and deficiency signs of deformity or abnormal swimming appeared from week 8. At week 16, the values of blood character-istics such as hemoglobin, hematocrit, glucose, total protein, alkaline phosphatase and calcium, and the hepatosomatic index of the fish fed diet containing no AsA supplement had significantly decreased than the other groups.
On the other hand, normal growth and regular values of hematological parameters with no deformities were observed among the fish groups fed with diets with supplementary AsA levels of 25mg per 100g diet or greater.
Moreover, the AsA contents of the brain, gill, kidney and liver of the fish were reached saturation level when the supplementary AsA level exceeded 50mg per 100g of diet.
These results indicate that the sufficient supplementary AsA level to maintain normal growth and health of the Japanese parrot fish was estimated to be 25mg of AsA per 100g of diet under this experimental condition. It was also estimated that 50mg of supplementary AsA per 100g of diet is needed to saturate the tissue AsA levels.View full abstractDownload PDF (322K) -
Kazuo Watanabe, Keijiro Sezaki, Kazunaga Yazawa, Akinori Hino1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 271-276
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOut of 200 bacterial strains which produced eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), the strain SCRC-6370 was selected both in terms of EPA productivity and the growth of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis under the provision of the bacteria and baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Either vitamins or activated carbon put into the medium improved the growth and EPA content remarkably. When fed on the bacteria the EPA content of the rotifer turned higher than that of the rotifer fed on ω-yeast, which was 2.7 ng/indiv, and 7.5% of total fatty acids. These values were however, less than those of the specimen provided with Nannochloropsis oculata, which were 4.3 ng/indiv. and 16%, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (452K) -
Toshio Takeuchi, Masanori Toyota, Takeshi Watanabe1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 277-281
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuplicate experiments were conducted to compare the incorporation of lipid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3HUFA) in Artemia between various types of oil, such as ethyl esters (EE), triglycerides (TG), methyl esters (ME), and free fatty acids (FFA) containing 43% of n-3HUFA, using the so-called direct method. The newly-hatched nauplii of Artemia from Utah, USA were enriched with emulsions prepared with these lipids for 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48h.
The lipid contents of Artemia enriched with TG, ME, and EE were higher, particularly after 12h, than those of the non-enriched and FFA-fed groups in both the experiments. The TG level increased and reached a plateau after 24h in the nauplii fed on emulsified TG, ME, and EE, sug-gesting that esters such as ME and EE were converted very quickly to TG in Artemia. Thereafter, the FFA levels in Artemia fed on emulsified oils increased inversely to the TG levels, suggesting that TG in Artemia were converted to FFA to be utilized as an energy source, particularly from around 24h after feeding. The maximum n-3HUFA levels (7-10% on a dry matter basis) were recorded for the EE enriched Artemia, whereas the variations were minimal for the non-enriched group. The levels were also low in the FFA-fed Artemia.
It may be concluded that a maximal incorporation of n-3HUFA in Artemia can be obtained by enrichment with EE for 24h and that EE or ME are very quickly incorporated into TG fractions.View full abstractDownload PDF (348K) -
Toshio Takeuchi, Masanori Toyota, Takeshi Watanabe1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 283-289
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo experiments were conducted to compare the dietary value of Artemia enriched with various types of oil, such as triglycerides (TG), methyl esters (ME), ethyl esters (EE), and free fatty acids (FFA) containing about 43% of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3HUFA), based on the growth, survival and chemical compositions of larval striped knifejaw and red sea bream.
Both larval striped knifejaw and red sea bream fed on nauplii enriched with TG, ME, and EE for 10 and 14 days showed good results in growth, survival and activity tests. These nauplii con-tained 4.1-7.1% n-3HUFA on a dry basis. The former larvae fed on nauplii without treatment or fed on FFA (1.0-1.7% n-3HUFA) showed poor feed performances. Incorporation of n-3HUFA into Artemia by emulsified FFA was very low due to coagulation of FFA during enrichment, leading to poor feed performances. Red sea bream fed on newly-hatched nauplii with 1% n-3HUFA but without docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) showed a high survival rate, but quite low activity. The concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus DHA in polar lipids of both species fed on nauplii without enrichment or with FFA was somewhat lower than that of fish fed on nauplii enriched with TG, ME, and EE. The value was highest in fish fed on EE-fed Artemia.
Thus, the dietary value of Artemia to both species was effectively improved by enrichment with TG, ME, and EE, especially with EE.View full abstractDownload PDF (486K) -
Hideomi Amano, Hiroyuki Noda1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 291-299
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo elucidate the properties of protein in seaweeds, protoplasts were used as a starting material. Protoplasts were isolated from 4 green seaweeds Ulva pertusa, U. fasciata, Enteromorpha linza, and Monostroma nitidum; from 2 browns Laminaria japonica and Undaria pinnatifida; and from 1 red Callymenia perforata. Proteins in protoplasts were then extracted with low (I=0.05) and high (I=0.5) ionic strength phosphate buffers (pH 7.5) and 0.1N sodium hydroxide, and analyzed for protein composition, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic pattern, and amino acid composition.
Non-protein nitrogen was a major fraction (59.5% of the total nitrogen) in L. japonica. While water-soluble proteins were major fractions in green and red seaweeds, and these amounted to 30.5-69.5% of the total nitrogen. Salt-soluble protein was a predominant fraction (26.4% of the total nitrogen) only in U. pinnatifida. Electrophoretic patterns of the protein fractions consisted of many bands, and most of the patterns differed one another among species or protein fractions. Amino acid compositions were similar in all protein fractions except arginine in some protein fractions from U. fasciata, M. nitidwn, and C. perforata. Protein compositions and electrophoretic patterns differed much between protoplasts and thalli in all seaweeds.View full abstractDownload PDF (1112K) -
Mutsuyosi Tsuchimoto, Katsuya Miyata, Shigemi Matsuo, Shinko Osato, Ha ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 301-306
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs a part of a study on the improvement of flesh texture in cultured red sea bream, we examined whether body density was useful to estimate the body fat content in live fish.
A significant negative correlation was seen between body fat content (BF) and body density (BD) for cultured red sea bream aged one and two years as shown below.
BD=-0.0018BF+1.0997 (n=97; p<0.001)
The deviation of body density from this regression line, the residual value for each fish, was effected by the muscle ratio in the whole body.
These results indicate that body density is useful not only to estimate the body fat content but also to surmise the relative level of muscle ratio in live fish.View full abstractDownload PDF (461K) -
Takashi Kuda, Tateo Fujii, Kazuaki Saheki, Aya Hasegawa, Masayo Okuzum ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 307-314
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of laminaran and alginic acid, which are present in brown algae as polysac-charides (dietary fiber), and makombu (Laminaria japonica) on the faecal microflora, pH, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), and weight, and on the body weight were investigated in rats. In the case of 10% laminaran or 2% makombu-containing diets intake, the number of total viable count in faeces increased and faecal pH value dropped. On the other hand, in the case of 20% makombu- or 10% alginic acid-containing diets intake, the number of total viable count in faeces decreased and faecal weight increased. Faecal VBN increased with alginic acid dose. These results indicate that intake of brown algae allowed changes in intestinal flora and pH value.View full abstractDownload PDF (578K) -
Aditep Nontratip, Shun Wada, Hideaki Yamanaka1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 315-322
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe changes in contents of polyamines and free amino acids (FFA) were investigated in the ascidian muscle during storage at -3°C, 2°C, and 20°C.
Agmatine (Agm), tryptamine (Tpm), and spermidine were distributed in the live ascidian muscle. Agm and Tpm increased as the decomposition of muscle progressed, reaching the levels of approximately 1.20 and 0.90mg/100g at the stage of initial decomposition, respectively. From these results, it was concluded that Agm and Tpm could be useful as freshness indices for ascidian muscle.
As dominant amino acids, taurine (Tau), proline, glutamic acid, and glycine accounted for 66% of the total FAA in the ascidian muscle, especially Tau alone 26%. The total FAA in-creased in the early stages and then decreased before the stage of initial decomposition, irrespective of storage temperature. An increase in Tau content was observed while hypotaurine (Hypotau) decreased during storage. The ratio of Tau: Hypotau became greater during storage regardless of storage temperature. Thus, Hypotau appeared to be a precursor of Tau.View full abstractDownload PDF (514K) -
Nobuo Suzuki, Kazunaga Yazawa, Kazuo Watanabe, Yukari Akahori, Chikako ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 323-328
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIndustrial production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by using EPA-producting marine bacterium SCRC-2738 was examined.
EPA production under some conditions such as incubation temperature and concentration of artificial sea water was tested using a 16l mini-jar fermentor and then pilot scale production of EPA was also performed using a 200l jar fermentor.
In the exponential growth phase of this bacterium, EPA production was increased to 376.4mg/l at 8°C compared to 145.0mg/l at 15°C. The highest EPA production was seen in a medium composed of 75% artificial sea water between 50 and 100%. Further study using a 200l jar fermentor suggested the possibility of industrial production of EPA using this bacterium.View full abstractDownload PDF (437K) -
Tamotsu Shoji, Hiroki Saeki, Atsushi Wakameda, Makoto Nakamura, Michio ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 329-336
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrozen surimi of walleye pollack was ground with 2.5% NaCl and treated under a high hydrostatic pressure of 300 MPa at 0°C for 10min. The pressure-induced gel thus formed was subsequently stored at 5, 15, and 25°C. During storage, changes in breaking strength and breaking strain, and the subunit composition of myofibrillar protein of the gel were examined.
It was found that (1) breaking strength of the gel increased with the lapse of storage time at every temperature, and the maximum values were much larger compared to that of non-pressure-treated gel. (2) When the pressure-induced gel was stored at 5°C, the breaking strength increased slowly, and reached its highest value. (3) During the increase in breaking strength, myofibrillar protein changed together with a decrease in myosin heavy chain (HC) and an increase in HC polymers (namely HCn, HCn', and HCn" by T. Numakura et al.) (4) of these HC polymers, HCn" (SDS-urea medium-insoluble, the largest molecular component), was formed in a large quantity of the pressure-induced gel compared to that of non-pressure-treated gel. These results strongly suggested that pressure-treatment of salt-ground meat caused conformational change of myofibrillar protein of surimi.
Thus, the quality of pressure-induced gel was able to be controlled not only by the condi-tions for pressure-treatment but also by subsequent storing conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1353K) -
Akio Kanazawa, Shin-ichi Teshima, Shunsuke Koshio, Masaya Higashi, Shi ...1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 337-341
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA stable form of vitamin C, L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate-Mg (APM), was tested for efficacy as a vitamin C source in the juvenile yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. The fish, weighing 2.67g, were fed 4 fish meal-based diets containing graded levels of supplemental APM (0, 3, 6, and 10mg/100g diet) for 83 days. The fish receiving the diet without supplemental APM showed deficiency sym-ptoms such as reduced growth rate, deformity (lordosis and scoliosis), distorted gill support car-tilage (degeneration of the ravine part of gill-cover), high mortality, and so on. The supplementa-tion of 3 to 10mg of APM/100g diet improved the growth and feed efficiency of the fish. The results of the feeding experiment indicated that a supplement of about 3 to 6mg APM/100g diet was sufficient to support good growth and survival and to prevent the gross vitamin C deficiency symptoms of the yellowtail. The supplementation of APM elevated the L-ascorbic acid (AsA) contents of serum and liver, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and the ratio of hydroxyproline/proline in the bone. The results of the present study showed that APM can be effectively utilized by the yellowtail as a good replacement for AsA.View full abstractDownload PDF (370K) -
Keisuke Takahashi, Tohru Suzuki, Katsuyoshi Mori1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 343-347
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA cell-adhesive protein was purified from the plasma of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss by affinity chromatography on heparin-Sepharose CL-6B, followed by gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 HR. The protein promoted the spreading of BHK cells. This activity was blocked by the synthetic Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro peptide. The purified protein showed a molecular mass of 225 kDa in sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in both the presence and absence of 2-mercaptoethanol. The rainbow trout protein and human fibronectin have weak mutual im-munological cross-reactivity, so the former appears to be a fibronectin-like protein.View full abstractDownload PDF (1975K) -
Yasuhiro Funatsu, Ken-ichi Arai1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 349-357
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrozen surimi from walleye pollack, which contained sugars but no polyphosphate, was thawed and acidified to pH 6.0 on addition of a small amount of acid (HCl). During treat-ment with the acid at 2°C, part of the surimi was taken out, neutralized with dilute alkali (NaOH), and subjected to the following investigation. The quality of the surimi thus acid-treated was assessed by measuring its myofibrillar Ca-ATPase activity and cross-linking of myosin heavy chain along with gel formation of the salt-ground meat set at 25°C, which was prepared from the same surimi material.
It was found that a decrease in myofibrillar Ca-ATPase activity of surimi together with a deterioration of the gel-forming ability of the salt-ground meat were both proceeded by the passage of time for acid treatment, and that the setting gel-forming ability of the salt-ground meat, which was prepared from neutralized surimi after 48h of acid treatment, was comparable to that of salt-ground meat from acidified surimi without neutralization.
These results indicated that an irreversible deterioration in the quality of surimi was induced under an acidic environment even when the surimi material was stored in ice.View full abstractDownload PDF (1340K) -
Shigeaki Gorie1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 359
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (90K) -
Hiroya Miyake1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 361
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (775K) -
Shi-Yen Shiau, Fun-Lin Jan1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 363
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (106K) -
Masahiro Ogawa, Tsukasa Ehara, Toru Tamiya, Takahide Tsuchiya1992 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 365
Published: February 25, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (100K)
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