巻号一覧
58 巻, 3 号
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村山 達朗, 北原 武1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 409-416
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe yearly changes in catches of the yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata in the coastal waters of Japan are analyzed. The results obtained are as follows:
1) Long-term trends of fish catches from 1947 to 1986 show different patterns among regions.
2) From the age-composition of catch in each region, older fish were more often caught in the southern regions than in the northern regions of Japan, while the reverse was the case with younger fish.
3) The migration of adult fish into the waters of Japan has been decreasing since the mid-1960's, sharply in the northern regions and gradually in the southern regions.
4) However, the recruitment of young 0-1 year-old fish has remained nearly constant since 1970 along the coast of the Sea of Japan.
These results suggest that the distributional/migrational range of adult fish has been in a process of reduction and restriction to the southern regions since the mid-1960s, due to the decrease in its stock size, and that an unexploited spawning stock exists near the East China Sea and reproduces most of the young fish migrating into the Sea of Japan.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (667K) -
村山 達朗1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 417-426
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this paper we analyze the results of tagging experiments on the yellowtail carried out in the Japan Sea and the East China Sea during the period from 1964 to 1989, which produced the following results.
The 0-year-old fish tagged and released in the East China Sea and off the San'in District are recaptured in regions near the release. This recapture pattern is similar to the recapture pattern of young yellowtail tagged and released in the Japan Sea and coastal areas of the Pacific Ocean before 1970. On the other hand, some of the 0-year-old fish tagged and released in Toyama Bay and off Sado island in the 1980's are being recaptured over a more extensive area than was the case before 1970.
Judging from these facts, 0-year-old yellowtails which migrate up east of Noto Peninsula in summer and autumn have shown a tendency to move down to the west beyond the Peninsula in recent years. This change in the migration of young yellowtail is not related to temperature at a depth of 100m in the Japan Sea.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (698K) -
菊地 弘, 森 慶一郎, 中田 薫1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 427-432
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe analysis of the accumulated data from the spawning surveys on Japanese sardine revealed that distribution densities of both eggs and prelarvae of the fish had been higher in the waters offshoreside of the Kuroshio axis than its inshoreside in the waters east of Cape Shionomisaki since 1984. The largest catches of sardine eggs by plankton net also occurred on the offshoreside of the Kuroshio in the same period. These phenomena were conspicuous in 1988 and 1990 in which the locations of the largest catches were far distant south of the Kuroshio axis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (387K) -
梶田 陽一郎, 酒井 正博, 厚田 静男, 小林 正典1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 433-437
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe immunostimulating effects of Freund's complete (FCA) adjuvants were investigated in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The resistance to vibriosis obtained by rainbow trout injected with FCA was found to be up to 100 times (LD50 value) that of saline-injected trout. The che-miluminescent (CL), the phagocytic and natural killer (NK) cell activities in FCA-treated fish were more active than in saline-treated fish. Thus, the increased resistance to disease in the FCA in-jected fish is caused by the activations of non-specific immune systems.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (329K) -
Mala Supongpan, 篠田 正俊, Somporn Boongerd1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 439-444
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーExperimental light luring fishing was conducted in west coast of the Gulf of Thailand using a stick-held cast net. A variety of fishes were simultaneously caught with a higher proportion of commercially important Indian squid Loligo duvauceli. Three trends in catch of squid observed might directly be correlated to the catch of other species simultaneously captured. It was clearly shown that the catch of Indian squid reached its maximum level (10-20kg/haul) at the catch of other species approximately 0.5-1.0kg/haul. The relationship between the presence of other species and the amount of squids caught were analyzed in consideration of size structure of both Indian squid L. duvauceli, and Indian mackerel Rastrelliger kanagurta, commonly apperaring in the catches. The catch of larger size squid more than about 15cm mantle length seemed to be correlated with the presence of Indian mackerel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (391K) -
藤野 和男, 荒井 克俊, 工藤 真弘, 高橋 邦之, 植松 隆行, 奥村 誠一1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 445-456
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAnalyses on the genotypic compositions in parents and their offspring populations induced by genome manipulation have made it possible to estimate rates of gene-centromere recombination at the four loci in Haliotis diversicolor diversicolor and at the ten loci in H. discus hannai. The present paper presents the results of the similar analyses on genotypic parentages to estimate the rates at the additional four loci in H. diversicolor diversicolor and that at additional one locus in H. discus hannai. Comparisons of the rate at each of seven homologous loci between the two species indicated that the estimates were close each other at the four loci coding phosphoglucomutase, leucine-aminopeptidase, malic enzyme, and superoxide dismutase and that those in H. discus hannai revealed approximately two times greater than those in H. diversicolor diversicolor at the three loci coding phosphoglucose dehydrogenase, phosphoglucose isomerase and mannosephosphate isomerase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1186K) -
塚本 勝巳, 梅沢 彰馬, 小沢 貴和1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 457-459
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーResults of age determination of Anguilla japonica leptocephali collected in the Western North Pacific, 16°29'N, 139°21'E in July 1990 are presented. The mean age of 18 leptocephali of 19.5-25.4mm TL was estimated to be 35.2 d. Backcalculated birth dates ranged from 26 May to 12 June 1990, with a mean birth date of 2 June 1990. This value was about one month earlier than the estimated birth dates of 14 larvae of 40.5-47.0mm TL collected in September 1986 in the pre-vious study. A growth rate of 0.59mm/d was calculated and was consistent with the value of 0.56mm/d in the previous study.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (249K) -
立原 一憲, 木村 清朗1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 461-467
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーObservations on the life history of the landlocked ayu Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis were made in Lake Ikeda, Kagoshima Prefecture from 1981 to 1986.
The body size of ayu in this lake was similar to that of Lake Biwa, but smaller than that of the amphidromous population in streams. The ayu grew during the early spring and mid-summer. The body sizes of mature fish were mainly 80-90mm in the present research. On the other hand, the mature specimens of ayu collected in 1953 and 1965 measured 56-60mm and 63-73mm in standard length, respectively. It is suggested that the size of mature ayu in the lake has been becoming larger over the past 30 years.
The larvae of ayu, living offshore of the lake, fed on zooplankton, such as Protozoa, Trochelminthes and Arthropoda, but when they reached about 55mm in standard length, they moved to shore water and changed their food to algae, such as Cyanophyta and Bacillario-phyta which adhered to stones and rocks on the bottom. The amounts of these adherent algae in the lake have been increasing since 1929 according to the progress of eutrophication of the water. Thus, it is suggested that the increase in the size of mature ayu depends mainly on the good condition of food resulting from eutrophication.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (502K) -
古澤 昌彦, 高尾 芳三, 宮野鼻 洋一, 河口 真一郎1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 469-475
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe two-step echo integration method has been developed to improve the accuracy of the echo integration method which is the most important acoustic tool to estimate fish abundance. The conventional echo integration method is examined theoretically and practically to reveal the problems inherent in the method. It is shown that the errors caused by noise and unaimed scatterrers are apt to be large and selection of aimed fish echoes is difficult. These short-comings are resolved by appling the two-step echo integration method, which first integrates echoes in small cells and then integrates weighted results of the first integration in a large cell. An echo integrator has been developed to realize this method and the effectiveness of the method is confirmed through application to actual surveys.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (583K) -
荒木 繁, 桜井 武麿, 大房 剛, 佐藤 直樹1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 477-480
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe rhodoplast DNA was isolated and purified from five species of Porphyra, three species widely cultivated in Japan, P. tenera, P. tenera f. tamatsuensis and P. yezoensis, and two naturally grown species, P. dentata and P. suborbiculata. Except P. yezoensis, plasmid-like DNA was found in multiple bands when undigested rhodoplast DNA was electrophoresed on agarose gels. The molecular sizes of these plasmids were different in the species examined. Upon digestion with the restriction endonuclease Xho I, the electrophoretic mobilities of most DNA fragments of the five species of algae were essentially similar, but some fragments characteristic in each species were also found. The present results suggest that the electrophoretic patterns of plasmid-like mole-cules and of the endonuclease digesting fragments may provide the useful tools for the species identification of Porphyra抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1006K) -
Shoou-Jeng Joung, Che-Tsung Chen1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 481-488
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAge and growth of the big eye Priacanthus macracanthus caught by bottom trawlers in north-eastern Taiwan waters from September 1981 to August 1982, were determined from annuli counts of 1, 172 individuals. Scale resting zones (bands) were formed twice a year, in February and August. The von Bertalanffy growth curve parameters obtained using a nonlinear regression based on age and back-calculated data were as follows: asymptotic length (L∞)=620mm fork length (FL), growth coefficient (K)=0.088, age at zero length (t0)=-1.05 yr for females; and L∞=482mm FL, K=0.113, t0=-0.75 yr for males. Female growth rates were estimated to be 102mm year 1, 44mm year 2, 40mm year 3, and 37mm year 4; male rates were 112mm for year 1, 40mm year 2, 35mm year 3, and 32mm year 4.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (496K) -
滝口 明秀1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 489-494
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLipid oxidation and brown discoloration of boiled and dried anchovy Engraulis japonica (niboshi) were investigated during storage at different temperatures between -30 and 30°C for 240 days. The niboshi were tinged with brown during storage at 30, 20, and 0°C. The intensities depended essentially on the storage temperature; the higher the storage temperature, the more intense. The niboshi stored at -20 and -30°C remained almost unchanged in color.
Contents of methionine, histidine, and lysine decreased in niboshi which were tinged with brown during storage. These amino acids were, therefore, suggested to be involved in brown-ing reactions such as amino-carbonyl reaction.
As judged from the peroxide value, carbonyl value, and highly unsaturated fatty acid content, lipid oxidation in the niboshi stored at 30, 20, and 0°C proceeded rapidly up to 30 days and then almost ceased at the end of storage period. However, at -20 and -30°C, the oxidation proceeded very slowly.
It was pointed out that the niboshi stored at temperatures above 0°C were different in the lipid oxidation pattern and the brown discolorations from those stored at temperatures lower than -20°C. Some of the brown pigments in the niboshi might participate to some extent in the inhibition of lipid oxidation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (876K) -
幡手 英雄, 深田 真史, 井村 英俊, 住川 博敏, 河内 正通1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 495-498
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーLipid deterioration in the homogenate of shelled oyster during cold storage at 4 ?? -25°C was studied.
The progress of lipid oxidation in the homogenate was observed during storage event at -25°C. The oxidation was considered to be that of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. The oxidation was fairly depressed both by preventing the homogenate from coming into contact with the air and by keeping it below -15°C.
Phospholipid in the homogenate was hydrolyzed far more rapidly than neutral lipid during cold storage at 4°C. The resulting free fatty acids seemed to be most susceptible to oxidation. The enzymatic hydrolysis of phospholipid was substantially inhibited at -25°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (264K) -
山本 剛史, 福所 邦彦, 岡内 正典, 田中 秀樹, Warren D. Nagata, 青海 忠久, 渡邉 武1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 499-508
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe dietary-related albinism in juvenile flounder Paralichthys olivaceus was investigated by offering several foods to the larvae during metamorphosis. Newly hatched larvae were reared on rotifer Brachionus plicatilis alone until they reached 6.8mm in total length. Thereafter, the larvae were divided into 8 groups with duplicates and reared on rotifer, vitamin-enriched rotifer, Artemia salina nauplii, vitamin-enriched Artemia nauplii, fertilized eggs of red sea bream Pagrus major and micro formulated diet, singly or combined, until the juveniles reached develop-mental stage G (nearly 10mm in TL), and then were reared on rotifer and Artemia nauplii until they had completely metamorphosed. The appearance of albinism was monitored among the juveniles accepting various foods. The occurrence of albinism was the highest in the juveniles fed on rotifer and/or Artemia (88-98%), the intermediate in the juveniles fed on the vitamin-enriched rotifer (74-76%) and on the micro formulated diet (54-60%), and the lowest in the juveniles fed on the eggs of the red sea bream (4-20%). The red sea bream egg was the best food for reducing the albinism which occurs in hatchery-reared flounder.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (718K) -
竹内 俊郎, 椎名 康彦, 渡邉 武1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 509-514
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis experiment was conducted to confirm the relationship between dietary lipid levels and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3HUFA) contents and to determine a suitable n-3HUFA content in diet for fingerlings of red sea bream by feeding them with various white fish meal-casein diets containing different amounts of lipid (5-20%) and n-3HUFA (1.2-4.2%) at a fixed protein level of 52%.
At a level of 10% lipid, growth was lowered as n-3HUFA content in the diet increased, and the lowest feed performances were obtained in fish fed on a diet containing 3.7% n-3HUFA. On the other hand, at 15% lipid, the growth and feed efficiency were not affected by elevation of die-tary n-3HUFA content, reaching a maximum at 3.7% n-3HUFA. Furthermore, at a level of 20% lipid, growth rate and feed efficiency were also improved as the n-3HUFA content increased, recording high in diets containing n-3HUFA above 3.7%. These results clearly indicated that the n-3HUFA content in diet should be increased in proportion to dietary lipid levels to obtain maxi-mum growth. Moreover, the best growth and feed efficiency were obtained in fish fed on a diet with 15% lipid when n-3HUFA was adjusted to the level mentioned above.
Thus, the growth of red sea bream fingerlings was found to be greatly influenced by dietary n-3HUFA levels, a suitable level being approximately 20% in dietary lipid regardless of lipid levels.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (349K) -
八並 一寿, 越後 多嘉志1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 515-520
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study was carried out to investigate halotolerant and halophilic histamine-forming bacteria in red meat fish products. Forty-six isolates of halotolerant and halophilic histamine-forming bacteria were isolated from 35 samples out of 133 red meat fish products. Twenty-three isolates, 20 isolates, and one isolate out of 46 histamine-forming bacteria were identical with Staphylococcus, Vibrio, and Pseudomonas III/IV-NH, respectively. The two remaining isolates were unidentified. Forty isolates produced 40-100mg/100ml of histamine in the histidine broth added to 10-15% NaCl after 14 days at 20°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (529K) -
澤辺 智雄, 絵面 良男, 木村 喬久1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 521-527
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn alginate lyase from the culture medium of Alteromonas sp. H-4 was purified by ultrafiltra-tion, gel filtration, and anion-exchange chromatography and was characterized. A molecular weight of the purified enzyme was estimated as 32, 000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gelectrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme activity were 7.5 and 30°C, respectively. The enzyme was unstable on heating and in acidic solution. The al-ginate lyase required 50mm MgCl2 or MgSO4, 0.5M NaCI, and 0.2M KCl for the maximum acti-vity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1103K) -
笠原 賀代子, 西堀 幸吉1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 529-531
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe suppressing effect of lemon juice on roasted sardine odor was studied by a combination test of sensory analysis, gas chromatography, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
By a sensory test, it was found that the roasted sardine odor was distinctly depressed by the addition of lemon.
Five carbonyls, one alcohol, and ten hydrocarbons identified in roasted sardine were also detected in the roasted sardine to which lemon juice was added and the two gas chromato-graphic patterns of these volatile fishy components were essentially the same.
However, α-pinene, β-pinene, myrcene, d-limonene, and γ-terpinene were found to be specific to the roasted sardine to which lemon juice was added, and they were confirmed to be derived from lemon.
The effect of the addition of the above five authentic compounds on fishy odor was then examined by a sensory test.
It was concluded that d-limonene greatly contributed to masking the odor of roasted sardine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (231K) -
曽 照煌, 山口 邦子, 北御門 学1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 533-538
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAlginate lyase [EC 4.2.2.3] was purified from the culture fluid of Vibrio sp. AL-128, by am-monium sulfate precipitation and phenyl Sepharose CL-4B column chromatography. The lyase showed to be specific for α-1, 4 bonds involving L-guluronate units, and inactive toward β-1, 4 bonds involving D-mannuronate units in alginate. A NaCl concentration of 0.3 to 1.0M was required for maximal enzyme activity, and effective on the increase in thermostability of the enzyme. Ac-cording to the Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, the strain was assigned to the species Vibrio harveyi.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (365K) -
佐藤 秀一, 井瓜 一宏, 竹内 俊郎, 渡邉 武1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 539-545
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTwo feeding experiments were conducted to determine the effect of supplemental tricalcium phosphate on zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) availability to common carp, using semipurified diet. The growth was lowest in fish fed the diet without supplemental Zn or Mn, and was improved by supplementation of Zn and Mn irrespective of dietary tricalcium phosphate level. However, supplement of tricalcium phosphate to the diet having insufficient amount of Mn induced higher incidence of short body dwarfism. Dietary tricalcium phosphate decreased Zn and Mn absorption, leading to reduced levels of Zn and Mn in vertebrae. Thus, tricalcium phosphate in diet was found to be one of the inhibitors against Zn and Mn bioavailability to common carp. Zn and Mn requirements of common carp were reconfirmed to be 15-30 and 13-15μg/g, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (480K) -
平野 敏行, 章 超樺, 森下 昭寿, 鈴木 健, 白井 隆明1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 547-557
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe volatile compounds collected on a porous polymer Tenax TA from wild and cultured ayu fish were evaluated by GC-sniffing and identified by GC-MS. GC-pattern and odor quality of wild ayu were similar to that of cultured ayu. The main compounds responsible for a cucumber-like and/or watermelon-like aroma were identified as (E, Z)-2, 6-nonadienal, (E)-2-nonenal, and 3, 6-nonadien-1-ol; (E, Z)-2, 6-nonadienal play a significant role in the characteristic aroma of ayu. However, by the same analytical experiment, it was shown that carbon-9 carbonyls and alcohol were not detectable in river algae eaten by wild ayu and in artificial diets for ayu culture.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (671K) -
章 超樺, 平野 敏行, 鈴木 健, 白井 隆明1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 559-565
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーEnzyme activity that involves generation of volatile compounds in selected tissues of ayu were studied. Lipoxygenase-like activity was found in crude enzyme from skin and gill tissues of ayu, but was not detected in the muscle tissue. The skin enzyme was found to be unstable; half inactivation occurred after 4 hours during storage at 0°C. Optimum pH and temperature were observed 7.4 and 25°C, respectively. Volatile compounds generated by the skin enzyme was dependent on the substrate of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Five compounds including 1-octen-3-ol and (E)-2-nonenal were formed from arachidonic acid, and four compounds that include (E, Z)-2, 6-nonadienal and 3, 6-nonadien-1-ol were generated from eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid.
It suggests that those C9 carbonyls and alcohol which contribute to the ayu aroma may have been generated from the lipoxygenase-initiated oxidation of PUFA in the ayu skin tissue.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (508K) -
安藤 正史, 豊原 治彦, 坂口 守彦1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 567-570
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo elucidate the mechanism for the post-mortem tenderization of rainbow trout muscle, the change in fine structure of muscle during storage at 5°C was examined using a transmission elec-tron microscope with correlating the results to the change in the breaking strength of muscle. The value of the breaking strength decreased within 24h storage after death. At the same time, it was observed that collagen fibers in the pericellular connective tissue were disintegrated. On the other hand, no evident breakdown of Z-disc was observed. According to these results, it was suggested that post-mortem tenderization of fish muscle during chilled storage was due to the disintegration of collagen fibers in the pericellular connective tissue rather than the weakening of Z-discs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2269K) -
谷口 和也, 秋元 義正, 蔵多 一哉, 鈴木 稔1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 571-575
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAlthough the brown alga Eisenia bicyclis is regarded as a suitable food for abalones and sea urchins, fresh alga appears to devoid of predation by these marine herbivores, while fallen thalli are actively eaten. The feeding-deterrent activities of fractions prepared from the methanol extracts were examined against the abalone Haliotis discus hannai. The water-soluble fraction prepared from a fresh algal sample showed a marked feeding-deterrent activity, while that from the dried algal sample was inactive. On the other hand, the water-soluble fraction of the brown exudates obtained during air-drying in the shade revealed more potent activity than the water-soluble fraction of fresh alga. The active compounds were found to be phlorotannins which were previously obtained from the brown alga Ecklonia stolonifera. It may be suggested that the living E. bicyclis excretes phlorotannins into sea water to avoid predation by marine herbivores.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (434K) -
谷口 和也, 蔵多 一哉, 鈴木 稔1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 577-581
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFeeding-deterrent activities of the methanol extracts from the brown algae of the family Laminariaceae, Ecklonia cava, E. kurome, Laminaria japonica, L. religiosa, L. angustata, and L. angustata var. longissima, were tested on the ezo-abalone Haliotis discus hannai by a bioaasay with the cellulose plate method. Three phlorotannin-rich fractions from the methanol extracts of E. cava and E. kurome, which are perennial algae, showed potent feeding-deterrent activity as in the cases of E. stolonifera and Eisenia bicyclis. On the other hand, none of the fractions from the methanol extracts of four Laminaria species, which are annual algae, showed any significant feeding-deterrent activity as in the cases of Eckloniopsis radicosa. Among four perennial species, the feeding-deterrent activities are, in order of effectiveness, E. stolonifera, E. kurome, E. cava, and Eisenia bicyclis, this being in reciprocal proportion to their size. It was concluded that laminariaceous algae have a chemical defense mechanism against marine herbivores, which adaptively depends on the rate of algal growth and size.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (380K) -
万 建栄, 三浦 仁, 関 伸夫1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 583-590
発行日: 1992年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSalted pastes prepared from walleye pollack surimi by the addition of one of NaCl, KCl, and NH4Cl were incubated at 25°C to produce suwari gel and then cooked at 90°C for 20 min (cooked gel).
It was found that the suwari and cooked gels having strong firmness were produced by the addition of NaCl to above 0.2M with a concomitant formation of cross-linked myosin polymers. The suwari and cooked gels containing KCl in the range of 0.1-0.8M were markedly lower in gel strength and in a degree of myosin cross-linking. The setting of the surimi paste containing KCl was not linked to the final cooked gel strength.
The experiment using a fluorescent probe, monodansylcadaverine, for monitoring the TGase action during the setting demonstrated that the action on myosin heavy chains occurred significantly in the presence of NaCl, but not in KCl.
Since the activity of crude TGase prepared from the surimi was not affected by the addition of KCl as well as NaCl when the acetylated casein was used as a protein substrate, it seems that reactive sites on myosin molecules will not be accessible to TGase in the presence of KCl.
Surimi paste containing NH4Cl did not form suwari gel nor TGase-mediated myosin polymers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2048K) -
柳沢 忠, 平岡 秀一, 石塚 健, 田村 誠治, 高橋 信孝1992 年 58 巻 3 号 p. 591
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