巻号一覧
59 巻, 1 号
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今井 一郎, 板倉 茂, 大内 晟1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 1-6
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe occurrence of Chattonella antiqua red tide was observed in northern Hiroshima Bay during the late summer of 1990. Measurements of seasonal changes in the densities of Chattonella cysts in surface sediments (top 1 cm depth) at two stations were made, and the results indicate that abundant cyst depositions (600-700 cysts/cm2) occurred during the red tide period. The small cells of Chattonella before cyst formation were observed in water columns, and the concentrations of the small cells were higher at the bottom layer than at the surface, confirming the previous suggestion of descending characteristics of cyst-forming small cells. The bottom water temperature reached 20°C, which is a level for active germination of Chattonella cysts, in late July in the summer of 1990. Integrated irradiation time during the period from July 21 to August 31 (42 days) 1990 was rather longer than in normal years, suggesting that light conditions for the vegetative cells just after the germination of cysts are significant factors for developing Chattonella red tide in northern Hiroshima Bay.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (956K) -
森本 晴之1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 7-14
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTosa Bay in southwestern Japan is one of the main spawning grounds for the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus (Temminck et Schlegel). The time of maximal oocyte hydration and that of spawning in Japanese sardine were monitored in Tosa Bay by collecting fish by drift net about once an hour from 1, 815 to 2, 145hours on 18 November 1990. The water content in oocytes increased significantly until about 2, 000hours but remained unchanged thereafter. Similarly, oocyte volume increased until about 2, 000hours but remained constant thereafter. The frequency distribution of gonadosomatic index values changed drastically at about 2, 100hours, and the total percentage of females with hydrated oocytes and ovulated eggs decreased from 45.9 to 21.4% at this time. These results indicate that the hydration of oocytes in Japanese sardme in Tosa Bay was completed at about 2, 000hours and that the spawning started at about 2, 100hours.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (663K) -
鳥羽 光晴, 夏目 洋, 山川 紘1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 15-22
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeasonal gonadal changes were investigated by observation of oocyte diameter and histological examination in samples of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum collected from Funabashi waters in Tokyo Bay from May 1988 to September 1991. Gametogenesis was observed from January to November and gonadal maturation was bimodal, similar to southern areas of the Japanese Pacific coast, with peak periods occurring from April to June and from August to October. Gametogenesis in summer was less synchronous between individuals than in winter-spring and was characterized by the prolonged holding of a large number of matured gametes together with partial resorption and new growth of young gametes. Two annual peak periods in the condition factor, which conincided with gonadal maturation, were evident from April to May and August to September. The major spawning period of Manila clam in Funabashi waters was supposed to occur in spring, since gonadal maturation was highly synchronized and the condition factor reached its annual maximal value in this season.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1732K) -
藤尾 芳久, 中嶋 正道1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 23-27
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo elucidate genetic control for the growth of the guppy, size differences between Fancy (F) and Standard (S3) strains and between dwarf and normal in the F strain were examined. The two guppy strains, F and S3, displayed significant differences in growth. The F strain is bigger than the S3 strain in body length at Day 60. Using strain comparison, the heritability (VG/VP) was estimated at 59.2% in females and 38.6% in males. Thus, the strain difference indicates the proportion of genetic determination of the character.
Dwarf guppies were found in some of the inbred litter of brother-sister mating of the F strain. An overlap of distributions for body length at Day 60 was observed between F and S3 strains but not between dwarf and normal. From the comparison between dwarf and normal, the heritability was estimated at 88.0% to normal females and 84.5% to normal males. These high values suggest that the dwarf is induced by a single gene with major effects on what is ordinarily growth. A single gene inheritance was supported by the segregation of the dwarf in some of the litter of inbreeding pedigree.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (310K) -
福迫 寛恵, 前野 浩巳, 清原 貞夫1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 29-33
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe facial recurrent fibers of the carp Cyprinus carpio are distributed over the entire body surface except the head region via the posterior lateral line (ramus lateralis accessorius) and occipito-spinal nerves. The central projections of main branches of these two nerves were examined by utilizing the techniques of transganglionic tracing with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and a three-dimensional image analyzer. The fibers of the trunk-tail branch which innervates the entire trunk surface including the pelvic, anal, and caudal fins project to the dorsomedial portion of the caudal half of the facial lobe. The anteriormost part of this projection area was only labeled when HRP was applied to the branch at the caudal periphery near the peduncle. The dorsal fin branch terminates in the most dorsomedial part of the caudal half of the facial lobe and overlaps extensively in the dorsal area with the projection area of the main trunk branch. The pectoral fin branch ends in the dorsolateral portion of the caudal half of the facial lobe. These results suggest that the anteroposterior axis of the trunk-tail is reprsented in the facial lobe in a posteroanterior axis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2809K) -
小栗 幹郎1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 35-38
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHistologic examination was made on the distribution pattern of juxtaglomerular (JG) cells in the aglomerular kidney of the red batfish Halieutaea stellata. In this examination, five specimens (71 to 183g in body weight) were used and serial histologic sections were prepared from left and right kidneys (0.26to 0.89g in combined weight) of these specimens. From detailed histologic observation performed on the whole sections, it was ascertained that JG cells were localized as clusters in several regions within the kidney and the number of cell clusters was 3 to 10 and 4 to 10 in the left and right kidney tissues, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (972K) -
田北 徹, 佐藤 泰司, 笠井 浩一1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 39-44
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe age and growth of Nibea albiflora in Ariake Sound were studied by measuring the radii of otolith annulus. A difference was found in the relationship between male and female otolith size and fish length, and the regression for each sex is shown. The annulus is formed once a year near the intensive spawning period. A bimodal frequency distribution of the Ist annulus size shows that the fish consist of two groups which grow differently. They seem to grow from two groups of the young of the year born at different times in the spawning season. An inverse relationship was recognized between growth in the Ist and 2nd years. With this mechanism, the fish of the group which are born late in a spawning season and have delayed growth almost overtake in size the ones born earlier 2 years after birth. Von Bertalanffy's growth equations were derived from back-calculated lengths of fish with a larger 1st annulus.
Male: Lt=307.2(1-e-(0.3436+0.3579t))
Female: Lt=357.1(1-e-(0.2459+0.3105t))
Adult females had a higher growth rate than males. N. albiflora in Ariake Sound have significantly different growth rates from the Seto Inland Sea population.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (963K) -
谷内 透, 立川 浩之, 清水 誠, 能勢 幸雄1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 45-51
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーReproductive parameters of Squalus mitsukurii were compared for four localities in the North Pacific, i.e. off Choshi (app. 36°N, 141°E), Masseiba (app. 30°N, 139°E), Ogasawara Islands (app. 27°N, 142°E), and on the Hancock Seamount (app. 30°N, 180°E). The size at maturity and the maximum size for both sexes were larger in Choshi than in Ogasawara and Hancock by 160-280mm. Sexual dimorphism in the two parameters was also found for each locality. Clasper lengths and testis weights showed a rapid increase with the onset of maturation. Fecundity expressed as litter and clutch sizes showed large differences among the Choshi, Masseiba, and Ogasawara specimens. Fecundity increased with latitude. Both litter and clutch sizes increased with the length of the parent and were described as regression lines for these three localities. As a result, we concluded that this shark has a common reproductive strategy but that each population manifests a fecundity schedule according to the local environmental conditions. The annual increment of growth was estimated to be 18 mm after maturation on the assumption that the shark produced pups every two years.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (443K) -
谷内 透, 清水 誠1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 53-60
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDental sexual dimorphism was observed in the stingray Dasyatis akajei. There was no difference between sexes in dentition at the juvenile stage. However, mature males had a pointed cusp for each tooth while mature females had virtually flat teeth with irregular surfaces. Sexual dental dimorphism occurred between a disc width of 350 and 400mm for males collected in Tokyo Bay, Japan. This size range was almost identical to the size at maturity for males, estimated from abrupt increments in clasper length and testis weight. Food habits expressed by frequency of occurrence of prey items showed no large difference between sexes. The main food items were crustaceans and fishes. The findings suggest that sexual heterodonty is closely related to the mating behavior of male stingrays. Another form of sexual dimorphism was found in size at maturity, i.e. smaller in males than females by a disc width of approximately 200mm.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1360K) -
沖山 宗雄1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 61-65
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBathymetric distribution, maturity condition, and food and feeding of the common gonatid squid Berryteuthis magister are described for the off-shore population in the Sea of Japan, based on specimens trawled on off-shore banks in May-June 1970. Its wide depth ranges over 200-1, 200m and extremely poor feeding are confirmed. Active reproduction at depths below 1, 000m by distinctly large specimens is conspicuous. Frequent occurrences of “eight-armed specimens” that have lost both tentacles are discussed with special reference to copulation as a primary factor responsible for this unusual phenomenon. Its possible significance is also considered.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1026K) -
北田 修一, 岸野 洋久, 多賀 保志1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 67-73
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this study we evaluated the effectiveness of fish stock enhancement programs using a twostage random sampling survey of commercial landings. Estimators for the total number of fish landed, the ratio of the number of fish released to the total number of fish landed, the recovery rate, and the amount of income were formulated. Variance formulas for these estimators were derived. The tagging rate was also considered for these estimators. In a case study of the flounder fisheries off Fukushima Prefecture, we obtained a conservative estimate of 36, 982 recoveries from 246, 300 hatchery-reared fish over three years after release. The ratio of the recovery rate to the number of fish released was 0.15. The total income and benefit estimate were 32.6 and 7.9 million yen, respectively. We found that the stock enhacement program was economically profitable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (611K) -
北田 修一1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 75-78
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe aim of this article is to propose procedures for estimating the total catch of marine recreational fishery. We supposed two-stage and cluster sampling design of party boats, and derived three methods. Estimators and their variances for the total number of fish caught by recreational fishermen were formulated. Based on variance formulas, we compared estimators of the three methods by considering causes of the variation. Estimation of total catch in weight was also considered.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (332K) -
朴 倉斗, 松田 皎, 胡 夫祥, 孫 満昌1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 79-84
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe hydrodynamic characteristics of flat plates in free stream and near the bottom were studied. Four types of flat plate with different aspect ratios (λ) were tested in a circulating water tank. In the case of λ=0.5, which is similar to that of the otter board used in traditional coastal trawlers, the maximum lift coefficient at the angle of stall (αs) in free stream and near the bottom was 1.25 at αs=40°C and 0.90 at αs=25°C, respectively. This indicates that the maximum lift coefficient near the bottom decreased about 30% compared with that in free stream. However, at λ=2.0, the maximum lift coefficient near the bottom was almost the same as that in free stream. Therefore, it is concluded that the higher the aspect ratio of the plates, the smaller the effect of the bottom on the maximum lift coefficient.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (313K) -
濱田 建一郎, 萩原 篤志, 平山 和次1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 85-91
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe reduction of environmental water exchange and the supply of an ample amount of diet are required for inducing rotifer resting egg formation. The use of a preserved diet is essential for conducting trials of mass formation of resting eggs in a large scale tank. The potential for applying preserved diets for L-and S-type rotifer Brachionus plicatilis resting egg production was investigated in the laboratory. Dietary values of frozen or refrigerated diets (baker's yeast, Chlorella vulgaris, Euglena gracilis, and Nannochloropsis oculata) in condensed forms were compared with fresh N. oculata diet (control).
Frequencies of rotifer mastax movement when fed most of the preserved diets were equal with the control. In the individual culture experiment, growth and mixis rates obtained by feeding preserved diets were much less than the control. Growth rates increased to the level of the control, however, when tested diets were fed to batch-cultured rotifers in a 20l medium. The remarkable increase of mixis rates in batch cultures was observed when preserved diets were fed to S-type rotifers. The number of resting eggs formed from 1g dry weight preserved diet was 7.8-112.0 (×103) and 2.1-5.0 (×103) for L-and S-type rotifers, respectively. Meanwhile, it was 138.0 for L-type and 15.4 for S-type with the control diet.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (522K) -
萩原 篤志, 濱田 建一郎, 西 明文, 今泉 圭之輔, 平山 和次1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 93-98
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTwo trials of mass production of L-type rotifer Brachionus plicatilis resting eggs were conducted in 50m3 tanks (40m3 in water volume). Culture temperature was regulated at 18-25°C and salinity at 10-16ppt. Two replicate tanks were used for each trial. The feeding amount in Trial I (fed with Nannochloropsis oculata diet alone) was 7.81kg (dry weight), while it was 32.53kg in Trial II (fed with N. oculata and baker's yeast).
The average maximum rotifer density during the 10-day culture period was 151 and 425 individ./ mlin Trials I and II, respectively. The mixis rate was 27.9 (Trial I) and 40.1% (Trial II). No significant difference was found in fertilization rates between trials. The number of resting eggs produced per tank was 1.05×109 (Trial I) and 3.53×109 (Trial II). The number of resting eggs
produced from 1g dry weight diet ranged from 87×103 to 149×103, and it did not vary among trials.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (426K) -
萩原 篤志, 濱田 建一郎, 平山 和次, 西 明文, 今泉 圭之輔1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 99-104
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe dietary value of hatched neonates from the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis resting eggs was investigated through larval rearing trials of red sea bream Pagrus major and chemical analysis. Rotifer resting eggs were mass-produced in 50m3 tanks by feeding Nannochloropsis oculata and baker's yeast. Eggs were preserved at 5°C under total darkness for 1-2 years and hatched at 23°C under continuous light. After nutritional enrichment with the use of N. oculata and squid oil, hatched neonates or commonly mass-cultured rotifers (control) were fed to fish larvae.
Newly hatched fish larvae were stocked in 100l (80l in water volume) polycarbonate tanks at 15 or 30/l. No significant differences in larval growth (notochord length and dry weight) were found on Day 20 between groups fed on neonates from resting eggs and those fed on control rotifers. The survival rate of fish larvae fed on neonates (38%) were, however, significantly lower than the group fed on control diets (69%). This may be due to the fact that the uniform lorica size and synchronous growth of neonates during the enrichment culture after simultaneous resting egg hatching did not fit the mouth size of the fish larvae. The amount and composition of fatty acids of neonates were the same as those of the control rotifers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (426K) -
近藤 竜二, 西島 敏隆, 畑 幸彦1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 105-109
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe mineralization pathways of glucose and the kinetics of low molecular fatty acid production within the sediment slurry system were examined under anoxic conditions. Glucose was decomposed into some low molecular fatty acids such as acetate, formate, lactate, propionate, and n-butyrate. These intermediates were estimated to be directly produced from glucose. Among these fatty acids, the production rates of formate, acetate, and lactate from glucose conformed to Michaelis-Menten type saturation kinetics. The maximum production rate of formate was highest (0.303mM/h), followed by acetate (0.138mM/h) and lactate (0.090mM/h).
Among the fatty acids produced from glucose, acetate and formate were completely mineralized in the anoxic condition. Most of the lactate was fermented to acetate, propionate, and formate. Propionate and n-butyrate were oxidized to acetate by sulfate reduction. Consequently, acetate was thought to be the most important intermediate in the mineralization process of organic matter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (399K) -
平田 史生, 佐伯 宏樹, 中村 誠, 野中 道夫, 川崎 賢一, 大泉 徹, 本江 薫1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 111-116
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn attempt was made to recover fish oil (HO) from highly nutritional fish meat for food-stuffs (HNFM) manufacturing process by adopting a high-speed centrifugation of waste fluids discharged from that process. A newly devised method was as follows: a floating oil layer of the waste fluid discharged from the HNFM plant was heated up to 40°C and instantly centrifuged at 10, 000×g by collection of HO. HO thus obtained was a light yellow clear solution, and had only a slightly fishy odor. The amount of volatile compounds generated from HO was much smaller than that of sardine oil prepared by a conventional method at a fish meal plant.
HO contained nutritive components such as EPA, DHA, and vitamin E in abundance. Therefore, about 30% of such components which were contained in sardine meat as a raw ma-terial could be utilized by preparing HNFM and HO simultaneously.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1125K) -
D. Allen Davis, Addison L. Lawrence, Delbert Gatlin III1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 117-122
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe dietary copper requirement of Penaeus vannamei juveniles was investigated using casein/ gelatin based semi-purified diets under controlled laboratory conditions. Twenty-day-old P. vannamei postlarvae were fed the basal diet lacking copper supplementation but containing 2.0mg Cu/kg for a 10-day period to reduce tissue stores of copper. After conditioning, six replicate groups of juvenile shrimp (mean weight 0.057g) were fed each diet containing graded levels of supplemental copper (0, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, or 128mg Cu/kg diet) for the duration of a 42-day feeding trial. Weight gain (percent weight gain) ranged from 2.88g (5, 064%) for shrimp fed the basal diet without supplemental copper (2mg total Cu/kg diet) to 3.5g (6, 177%) for shrimp fed the basal diet supplemented with 64mg Cu/kg. Weight gain of shrimp increased in response to copper supplementation up to 32mg Cu/kg diet, indicating a dietary copper requirement of no more than 34mg total Cu/kg diet. In addition to depressed growth, shrimp fed copper-deficient diets had enlarged hearts and depressed copper levels in the hemolymph, carapace, and hepatopancreas. There was no clear indication that supplementation of up to 128mg Cu/kg diet adversely affected shrimp growth or survival.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (501K) -
八並 一寿, 越後 多嘉志1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 123-127
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study was carried out to investigate whether or not halotolerant histamine (Hm)-forming bacteria could produce Hm and some non-volatile amines in sardine products containing a high concentration of NaCl. The total number of Hm-forming and halotolerant bacteria and the contents of non-volatile amines of each sample were measured in composite samples of sardine with the addition of 2 or 12% NaCl. Hm, cadaverine (Cad), and tyramine were not detected in any of the samples before storage. The contents of Cad and Hm increased rapidly during storage at 30°C in the samples with 2% NaCl added. Hm, putrescine, and Cad were formed during storage at 30°C in the sample with 12% NaCl added, in which the number of halotolerant Hm-forming bacteria varied from less than 10/g to 104/g. It is suggested that halotolerant Hm-forming bacteria producenon-volatile amines in sardine meat with 12% NaCl added.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (369K) -
進藤 穣, 西元 諄一, 御木 英昌1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 129-135
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOn the evaluation of textural qualities of fish paste products (heat induced gels), the relationships between the instrumental measurements (e. g. jelly strength and creep elements) and sensory evaluation were investigated using 4 species of fish. The sensory evaluations were done by using 12 descriptive 7-point rating scales.
An application of factor analysis showed the onomatopoeic features of sensory evaluation and the relationships between its sensory evaluation in the instrumental measurements as follows: (1) the characteristics of heat-induced gel were rheologically subdivided into three categories, viz. “hardness (stiffness)”, “elasticuess”, and viscousness"; (2) they corresponded to the distortional aspects of time in creep elements; and (3) both “hardness (stiffness)” and “viscousness” corresponded universally to jelly strength.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (482K) -
示野 貞夫, 益本 俊郎, 藤田 卓, 美馬 孝好, 上野 慎一1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 137-143
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMeat meal, meat-and-bone meal, corn gluten meal, and rapeseed meal were evaluated individually as partial replacement for fish meal in single moist pellet diets for young yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. Brown fish meal in the diet was replaced isonitrogenously and isocaloricaly with 10, 20, and 30% of each source. Better growth and feed efficiency were found in fish fed on diets with replacement of 10% of all the protein sources used, and the performance further increased as the replacement with meat meal was increased up to 30%. On the other hand, the performance tended to decrease as the replacement of other sources were increased to levels of more than 10%, and the worst performance together with diminished blood and serum characteristics were found in fish fed on the diet with 30% rapeseed meal. These results show that fish meal can be replaced with several cheaper proteins such as meat meal and corn gluten meal within limited amounts, and that the adequate addition of these protein sources to fish meal-based diets improves not only the dietary cost but also their performance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (523K) -
馬 龍濱, 山中 英明, 和田 俊, 高井 陸雄1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 145-150
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe thaw-rigor progression under different conditions of death and thawing was investigated in air-blast frozen carp muscle in relation to changes of physical properties and concentrations of creatine phosphate (CP), ATP and its related compounds, and lactate.
In the unfrozen muscle of carp killed while struggling CP and ATP were almost depleted. Therefore, thaw-rigor did not occur under any condition of thawing. In the muscle of carp frozen quickly after instant killing the levels of CP and ATP were high. During thawing CP and ATP were decomposed and thaw-rigor was observed. Whereas IMP and lactate increased noticeably. When the muscle of carp quickly frozen after instant killing was defrosted in still air at 0°C, the strongest thaw-rigor occurred at -2.1°C where the firmness of the muscle showed 150g/cm2. On the other hand, the muscle thawed in still air at 10°C maximally shortened at -1.6°C and showed a firmness of 225g/cm2. The slower the thawing rate, the lower the temperature of the strongest thaw-rigor and the weaker the degree of rigor contraction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (379K) -
渡部 終五, 菊池 潔, 会田 勝美1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 151-156
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGoldfish Carassius auratus, and carp Cyprinus carpio for comparison, were acclimated to either 10 or 30°C, and their cytosolic protein compositions in several tissues were analyzed elec-trophoretically. Two-dimensional electrophoresis employing isoelectric focusing and SDS-PAGE revealed the increased abundance of a 65kDa protein in muscle in 30°C-acclimated fish, while a 55kDa protein was predominant in the 10°C-acclimated counterparts. Goldfish brain and liver tissues exhibited similar changes in an acclimation temperature-dependent manner. These results suggest that the cytosolic 55 and 65kDa proteins are distributed to various tissues of cold-and warm-acclimated fish, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2079K) -
Juadee Pongmaneerat, 渡邉 武1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 157-163
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe nutritional quality of commercial defatted soybean meal (SBM) as a protein source was evaluated by determining apparent digestibility, PER, NPU, and BV. Two experiments were conducted using rainbow trout and carp with initial weights of 4.0 and 3.2g, respectively. They were fed diets containing SBM as the sole protein source at different protein levels from 0 to 75% for 20 days.
The apparent protein digestibility was relatively high both in rainbow trout (92% on average) and in carp (91% on average). The PER, NPU, and BV values did not differ markedly between rainbow trout and carp, and generally decreased in proportion to increasing dietary protein levels. The PER, NPU, and BV values ranged between 1.8-4.3, 27.8-42.1, and 30.1-46.2 for rainbow trout, and 2.2-3.5, 32.9-37.4, and 36.0-42.2 for carp, respectively, at dietary protein levels of 11.0 to 33.6%. Growth and feed efficiency were relatively low in both species, which might be attributable to an inadequate amino acid profile of this protein meal. The body composition of neither species was greatly influenced by dietary protein levels.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (494K) -
廖 文亮, Shah Amran Nur-E-Borhan, 岡田 茂, 松居 隆, 山口 勝己1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 165-169
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBlack tiger prawn Penaeus monodon were fed with diets containing different carotenoid sources:β-carotene, Spirulina, Phaffia, and krill oil. A marked increase of carotenoid content in the carapace was observed when fed with Spirulina-supplemented diets. The best effect of Spirulina was obtained at 3% in diets. The analysis of carapace carotenoids in the Spirulina-fed prawns suggests that zeaxanthin, one of major carotenoids in Spirulina, has been rapidly converted to astaxanthin. In view of these findings, we propose that a practical strategy for pigmentation of cultured P. monodon is to feed it with a diet containing Spirulina at 3% for 1 month before harvest.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (391K) -
佐藤 守, 三谷 友亮, 宮崎 泰幸, 坂口 守彦, 吉中 禮二1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 171-176
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDehydro-L-ascorbic acid (DAsA), an oxidized form of L-ascorbic acid (AsA), was tested for efficacy as a vitamin C source and safety in young rainbow trout Onchorhynchus mykiss. The fish, weighing about 100g on average, were fed with experimental diets containing various levels of DAsA or AsA for 6 weeks. The fish receiving the AsA-deficient diet had very low concentrations of AsA in several tissues and plasma. In the fish fed with the DAsA-supplemented diet, similar to those fed with the AsA-supplemented diet, only the AsA level rose markedly, whereas DAsA did not increase. There were no statistical differences in the AsA and DAsA concentrations in the various tissues and plasma between AsA- and DAsA-supplemented groups. The glutathione levels of tissues and hematological parameters did not vary between the AsA- and DAsA-supplemented groups. In addition, no cell disruption was brought about by DAsA administration.
These results suggest that dietary DAsA is readily reduced to AsA in the fish body and can be effectively utilized by the rainbow trout as a vitamin C source.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (440K) -
任 恵峰, 林 哲仁, 遠藤 英明, 渡辺 悦生1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 177-182
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSeveral seasoning extracts prepared from yeast and animal materials were evaluated on the basis of their β-buffer capacity and free amino acid composition instead of conventional quality indices, i.e. total nitrogen, salt, and moisture content. There was a proportional relationship between sample concentration and its β-buffer capacity. Comparison of β-buffer capacities among commercially available seasoning extracts, their deproteinized samples, and reconstructed amino acid solutions on the basis of their analytical data led us the following conclustions. Area size and maximum pH of each peak shown in a β-buffer curve suggested the degree of acid hydrolysis, major amino acid, and extent of fullness and extention in taste given by several oligopeptides and water soluble proteins. These findings suggest that β-buffer capacity reflects the chemical composition of electrolytes and the taste quality of the extract.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (484K) -
神原 淳, 日高 磐夫, 森下 達雄, 宮嶋 俊明1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 183
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (110K) -
藤井 建夫, 久田 孝, 奥積 昌世1993 年 59 巻 1 号 p. 185
発行日: 1993/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (92K)
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