All issues
Volume 59, Issue 10
Displaying 1-24 of 24 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Ichiro Imai, Shigeru Itakura, Katsuhiko Itoh1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1669-1673
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCysts of the red tide flagellate Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) were found for the first time from surface sediments collected in northern Hiroshima Bay in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. The cysts were mostly spherical with a diameter of 8.0-12.0μm and were surrounded by mucilaginous material to which various particles such as sand grain, mud, and pieces of diatom frustule adhered. The cysts were generally solitary, but occasionally formed a cluster of several cysts. They were yellow-greenish to brownish in color. The cysts do not have clumps of black or dark brown materials as Chattonella cysts do. The cysts were generally smaller than vegetative cells. Live cysts had auto-fluorescing chloroplasts (4-11/cyst) under blue-light excitation. The nuclei of cysts (3.3-5.0μm in diameter) were smaller than those of vegetative cells. The germination occurred within a few days, mostly one or two days, when incubated in filtered-autoclaved seawater at 22°C with light.View full abstractDownload PDF (2512K) -
Nobuyoshi Nanba, Takeo Okuda1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1675-1678
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, the main branches of S. siliquastrum found at Tsuyazaki were divided into leaved, buoyant, and reproductive branches. Leaved branches had leaves, buoyant branches formed vesicles and leaves, and reproductive branches bore receptacles, vesicles, and leaves. The seasonal changes in the number and length of these main branches were investigated from February 1988 to February 1989. Leaved branches were short during the study period. From autumn to winter, the number of leaved branches increased and remained constant until spring. Subsequently, their number decreased rapidly in summer when many buoyant branches appeared. The buoyant branches elongated rapidly until autumn, and then their number and length were reduced in winter when reproductive branches appeared. The reproductive branches released eggs in spring and withered away in autumn. These results indicate that many main branches bud from autumn to winter and scarcely elongate for 5 to 10 months until vesicles are formed in summer, and that main branches elongate, release eggs, and finally wither, during about 1 year from the initial formation of vesicles.View full abstractDownload PDF (289K) -
Osame Tabeta, Tae Jun Shon, Sum Rho, Moon Ha Beak1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1679-1683
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 15 species of pufferfishes belonging to the five genera were recognized in the collections of the Cheju National University Museum (CNU), Ocean Research Institute (CNU), the National Cheju Fisheries Laboratory, and the Cheju Folklore and Natural History Museum, and at the Cheju Fish Market, fish culture ponds, and pufferfish restaurants in April 1992. Lagocephalus gloveri, L. wheeleri, Takifugu reticularis, Diodon liturosus, and Arothron firmamentum were the additional species to the pufferfish fauna of the island. The pufferfish catch in Cheju Is. (1, 166t) stood first in total pufferfish catch in Korea (5, 230t) in 1991. They consisted mainly of T. xanthopterus (ca. 94%), followed by T. rubripes and T. chinensis (ca. 4%) and Lagocephalus spp. (ca. 2%). Almost all of T. xanthopterus were caught with long line in the East China and Yellow Seas in early summer and autumn, while T. rubripes and T. chinensis were caught with long line in the waters around Cheju Is. from autumn to winter.View full abstractDownload PDF (990K) -
Takuji Uchida, Satoshi Arima1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1685-1688
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntraspecific crossing between autumn- and spring-fruiting types of Sargassum horneri were studied by controlling the maturation period of the two types in laboratory culture. In crossing tests between the two types, fertilized oospores were obtained. They showed normal growth and formed receptacles. Furthermore, these F1 plants were fertile. The crossing techniques demonstrated here provide a tool for conducting further experiments on intraspecific differentiation and for producing seedlings with better characters for the formation of underwater forests of this species.View full abstractDownload PDF (1639K) -
Takashi Koike, Yoshitaka Morikawa, Miyuki Maegawa, Tsutomu Morinaga1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1689-1694
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing an automatic sensing instrument developed for observing the behaviour of crawling creatures, the authors investigated the influence of different underwater light intensities on the behaviour of Japanese spiny lobster, Panulirus japonicus, under light and dark alternating cycles of 24 hours. When the downward irradiance during light period was 3.3×102lx and that during the dark period was more than 5.2×10-3lx, the spiny lobster's behaviour during the dark period were largely disturbed: locomotor frequency was less than 1/4 in comparison with that under 0lx conditions in the dark period. Such a response was continuously maintained during the experimental period of 31 days. The locomotor frequency did not decrease at all when the downward irradiance during the dark period was less than 2.3×10-5lx. On the other hand, there was hardly any difference in locomotor frequency during the dark period when the downward irradiance during the light period was of 3.5×10-2lx and 3.3×102lx.
In consequence, it was understood that Japanese spiny lobster locomotive behavior was considerably suppressed whenever underwater brightness increased even slightly during the nighttime.View full abstractDownload PDF (465K) -
Hisaharu Sakai, Sadami Yada, Aiguang Lin1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1695-1699
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigation on trends in the performance and changs in construction were conducted to improve the performance of line haulers for tuna long line. The rated speed of line haulers was 281m/min in 1981, but it gradually became slower and had decreased to 256m/min by 1990. The rated load had been kept at 2.0kN, and increased to 2.9kN in 1990. The rated power of the driving motor had had an increasing tendency since 1971, and reached 23kW in 1990. The disuse of the driving shaft, intermediate shaft, driven gears, and multiple dise clutch on line haulers was useful in decreasing power loss due to mechanical causes. As a countermeasure, the roller must be driven directly by hydraulic and electric motors.View full abstractDownload PDF (292K) -
Yuichi Yamanaka, Yasuhisa Matsuno, Shigeru Fujieda1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1701-1707
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe tried to analyze the spectrum of echo scattering patterns from individual fish, in order to clarify the cause of periodic changes in dorsal aspect scattering patterns. Targets of individual fish of three species were measured in three states, whole, without bladder, and skeleton. The power spectrum was calculated from scattering patterns which transformed to distanceamplitude co-ordinates from incidence angle-amplitude co-ordinates. The elemental patterns and power proportion of each frequency band were calculated by using convolution integration of the power spectrum and filter-fuction in the frequency region. Analysis shows that a relationship was observed between fish species, or fish figure, and the characteristics of the changing period.View full abstractDownload PDF (464K) -
Kohji Shiota1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1709-1715
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe occurrence of recruitment fluctuations and their relationship to reproduction in the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus were investigated on the southern coast of Hiuchi Nada. In particular, relationships between adult catch, new recruits, and numbers of megalopa collected from 1980 to 1989 were considered.
A significant positive correlation was found between the abundance of megalopa and subsequent recruitment (r=0.856, p<0.01), although the relationship between the parent and subsequent megalopa was not significant (r=0.454).
It is considered that the survival rate from hatching to megalopa varied considerably year by year, that the survival rate from megalopa to recruitment was relatively certain, and that the recruitment abundance for each year was established by the megalopa stage. It was concluded that the fluctuations in annual catch of swimming crabs in Hiuchi Nada were caused by abrupt increases in megalopa numbers due to high larval survival rates, and that gradual decreases in stock numbers reflect overfishing.View full abstractDownload PDF (453K) -
Takahiro Matsubara, Akihiko Hara, Kazunori Takano1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1717-1720
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA coelomic fluid-specific protein (CFSP) was detected in the coelomic epithelium and mesovarium of mature female chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta using an immunohistochemical procedure. Histological observation revealed that the inner surface of the coelomic wall and lateral side of the mesovarium consisted of ciliated columnar epithelial cells. CFSP was localized in the cytoplasm of these epithelial cells. Especially, intensive immunoreaction to antiserum against CFSP was observed in the apical portion of the cytoplasm. It is thought that CFSP is synthesized and accumulated in the epithelial cells, and then secreted into coelom as a component of coelomic fluid.View full abstractDownload PDF (2498K) -
Keiichi Mushiake, Shigeru Arai, Atsushi Matsumoto, Hisako Shimma, Izum ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1721-1726
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFeeding experiments were carried out for 5 years in order to clarify the use of 2 yearold cultured yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata as spawners. Every year the fish were purchased from private farms and divided into two groups. One was fed with frozen trash fish (TF group) and the other was fed with moist pellets (MP group) in each net cage for 5 months at the Komame Station of the Japan Sea-farming Association. Eggs and milt were stripped from the females and the males after hormone (HCG) injection, and fertilized by the dry method of insemination. Parameters of the MP groups such as maturation rates of the brood stocks, numbers of eggs per spawner, fertilized rates, hatching rates, and survival rates of the larvae were compared with the TP groups'. The results clearly demonstrated that 2 yearold cultured yellowtail fed with either trash fish or moist pellets can be used effectively as brood fish for collecting of eggs. Also supplements of vitamin E, squid liver oil, and carotenoid oil extracted from krill to the moist pellets improved the results of larvae production.View full abstractDownload PDF (482K) -
Ichiro Aoki, Tadashi Inagaki1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1727-1735
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution patterns of the spawning population of the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus off southern Kyushu were investigated by the acoustic method in relation to water temperature and the Kuroshio current in three successive winters from 1990 to 1992. Acoustic data were obtained by single-beam 50kHz echo sounders interfaced to digital integrators. Sardine distribution varied during January-March as time advanced. It was closely associated with both water temperature and spawning activity. Maturing sardine stayed on the inshore side of the Kuroshio front while spawning sardine occurred in the higher temperature offshore waters further than the Kuroshio front that appear to have acted as a barrier to distribution previously. The fish abundance in the area of sardine concentration decreased markedly over the 3 years.View full abstractDownload PDF (1203K) -
Shettapong Meksumpun, Shigeru Montani, Thaithaworn Lirdwitayaprasit, H ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1737-1743
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe changes in cellular content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in Chattonella antiqua (Hada) Ono (Raphidophyceae), a red tide microorganism, were determined during growth in laboratory culture using ESM-enriched seawater. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the cells were also analyzed. The cellular content of ATP decreased within several hours of inoculation into fresh medium, then rapidly increased during the early exponential phase of growth to 20-30pg ATP cell-1. After the mid exponential phase ATP decreased and reached a constant level from the late exponential phase to the stationary phase at 5-10pg ATP cell-1. The decrease of ATP after inoculation seemed to be due to a lack of extracellular organic materials in the fresh medium. The addition of both low and high molecular fractions obtainned by dialysis from early stationary phase cultures of C. antiqua increased the cellular ATP content in the early exponential phase. The energy charge decreased from 0.63 to about 0.5 during the lag phase and recovered during the exponential phase. The lag phase in C. antiqua culture is the period of adaptation to fresh medium possibly by the production of extracellular organic materials at the expense of cellular ATP.View full abstractDownload PDF (517K) -
Kinya Kurihara, Yasuhiro Wagatuma, Tateo Fujii, Masayo Okuzumi1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1745-1748
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSthe effect of reaction conditions on L-histidine decarboxylation activity of halophilic histamine-forming bacteria (Photobacterium histaminum (C-8) and P. phosphoreum (N-14)) were studied and the results were as follows.
The opitimum temperature and pH value for the decarboxylation activity of C-8 were 35°C and 6.0, respectively, while those for N-14 were 30 ?? 35°C and 6.0, respectively. The Km value for C-8 (3.70mM) was 5 times smaller than that for N-14 (18.8mM), showing a powerful affinity for histidine. The presence of histamine showed an inhibitory effect for the histidine decarboxylation activity of C-8, while agmatine and putrescine besides histamine did so for N-14.View full abstractDownload PDF (293K) -
Ikuo Kazuta, Kuniaki Itagaki, Akira Kawamura, Ryuji Endo1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1749-1755
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe proteins in skeletal muscle extract and vitreous humor from Takifugu rubripes were separated by polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (PAG-IEF), and their L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis.
The electrophoregrams of proteins and LDH isozymes showed specific patterns for each of skeletal muscle and vitreous humor. These patterns were not significantly different among 10 specimens of pufferfish. The protein patterns of skeletal muscle were changed by storage at 4°C, but not at all by storage at -20°C for 24 weeks. The protein patterns of vitreous humor were markedly changed by storage even at -20°C. However, the LDH zymogram of vitreous humor was not significantly changed by storage at 4°C for 1 week or at -20°C for 24 weeks.
Thus the electrophoretic analyses of skeletal muscle proteins and of LDH isozymes from skeletal muscle and vitreous humor of pufferfish are assumed to be useful for the distinction of pufferfish species even after storage at -20°C for 24 weeks.View full abstractDownload PDF (2681K) -
Katsuhiko Harada, Taiko Miyasaki1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1757-1762
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe attaction activities of fruit-flesh or fruit-rind water extracts were statistically estimated on the basis of an exploratory behavior of the oriental weatherfish Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Fruits tested were 36 forms of 25 species: 22 of 13 in Rosaceae, 6 of 6 in Rutaceae, 3 of 1 in Vitaceae, and 1 each in five other famillies (Actinidiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Ebenaceae, Moraceae, and Myricaceae). Of fruit-flesh, the attraction activity in Rosaceae was high in eight forms: one apricot (adventitious seedling form), three cherries (Napoleon biggreau, hybrid and Prunus cerasus forms), one European plum (Soldum form), one nectarine, one peach (adventitious seedling form), and one strawberry. The attraction in Rutaceae was high only in unshiu orange, but was low in two orange forms. The attraction in Vitaceae was found to be low in only one grape (Delaware form). The attraction in the other five families was low in kiwi fruit (Actinidiaceae), persimmon (Ebenaceae), and myrica (Myricaceae). Of the fruit extracts tested, strawberry was found to be highest in attraction, though its attraction activity depended on the conentration. Of fruit-rind, the attraction in Rutaceae was low only in unshiu orange. The relationship between the attraction effect and the characteristics of fruits is also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (326K) -
Yumiko Yoshie, Takeshi Suzuki, Takaaki Shirai, Toshiyuki Hirano1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1763-1767
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDietary fiber and minerals were analyzed in dried nori Porphyra yezoensis which was cultivated in eight main prefectures, i.e. Miyagi, Chiba, Aichi, Mie, Hyogo, Kagawa, Saga, and Kumamoto, and classified by price at auction. Insoluble dietary fiber was distributed within the range of 14.6 ?? 38.9g per 100g dry matter, and soluble dietary fiber within the range of 3.1 ?? 32.4g. Therefore, the total dietary fiber ranged from 19.6 to 59.8g. Low price nori as well as the sample harvested in March tended to contain high amounts of total dietary fiber. There were considerable variations in the contents of potassium (1, 610 ?? 4, 100mg/100g dry matter), sodium (510 ?? 2, 790mg), magnesium (53 ?? 249mg), calcium (46 ?? 331mg), iron (2.1 ?? 11.5mg), zinc (0.9 ?? 6.7mg), manganese (0 ?? 4.1mg), and copper (0.1 ?? 0.8mg). Mineral levels in nori seemed not to be correlated with the mineral concentration in sea water. No adequate correlation between these contents and prices was estimated from the results of the calculations.View full abstractDownload PDF (374K) -
Yumiko Yoshie, Takeshi Suzuki, Takaaki Shirai, Toshiyuki Hirano1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1769-1775
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFree amino acids and fatty acid composition were determined in dried nori Porphyra yezoensis which was cultivated in eight prefectures and classified by price. Taurine, alanine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid were detected in quantities amounting to 627 ?? 1, 637, 308 ?? 1, 602, 322 ?? 1, 844, and 66 ?? 282mg per 100g dry matter, respectively, and these four amino acids occupied more than 86% of the total free amino acids. Glutamic acid and alanine are known to be important free amino acids for the taste of nori, but according to statistics these contents had no correlation with auction prices. Fat content ranged from 1.84 to 5.22g/100g, and C20:5ns, icosapentaenoic acid (13.3 ?? 57.7%), and C16:0, palmitic acid (15.5 ?? 45.3%) were the main fatty acids in total lipid. There was no mutual relation between contents and compositions of dietary fibers, minerals, free amino acids and fat, or fatty acids.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K) -
Takeshi Suzuki, Yumiko Yoshie, Takaaki Shirai, Toshiyuki Hirano1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1777-1781
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stock of brown alga, kombu, is used for Japanese dishes. Makombu Laminaria japonica cut into 1×1cm squares was irradiated at dose levels of 1, 10, and 100kGy under moisture contents of 10 or 40%, and then boiled up to 30min. Nitrogen, glutamic acid, and sugars in the kombu extracts were determined. When kombu was irradiated with a dose of 10 and 100kGy at 10% moisture, the amounts of extractive nitrogen boiled for 2 and 5min were about 1.4 times as many as those of non-irradiated control. Glutamic acid, one of the main constituents of delicious taste in kombu, was also highly extracted during 2 and 5min boiling in comparison with that of non-irradiated kombu. However, there were no significant differences in the amounts of either extractive nitrogen or glutamic acid after 30min boiling in any of samples. Sugars which deteriorated the quality of the kombu stock due to viscosity were dissolved in high amounts at a dose level of 100kGy. The amount of solubilized sugars from irradiated samples of 40% moisture was higher than that of 10% moisture, but no significant change was observed in other extracted substances during heating. From these results, the irradiation dose level of 10kGy was appropriate to obtain good kombu stock as a result of increased extractability.View full abstractDownload PDF (336K) -
Purification and Characterization of a Novel 160kDa Actin-Binding Protein from Surf Clam Foot MuscleSatoru Chiba, Takao Ojima, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Kiyoyoshi Nishita1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1783-1791
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 160kDa actin-binding protein was isolated from surf clam foot muscle by DEAE-Toyopearl column chromatography. The protein was found to complex readily with F-actin to form turbidity. The turbidity reached a maximum when bound in a ratio of approx. 0.3:1 (w/w). The binding ratio as well as turbidity decreased steeply as the KCl increased concentration up to 80-100mM. In these events, F-actin filaments were aggregated side by side and formed complicated networks, whose morphological features revealed close similarity to those reported for F-actin bundles formed by caldesmon. However, the binding features of the 160kDa protein to F-actin are different from those with caldesmon in the presence of Ca2+-calmodulin. Besides, further comparison of molecular weights, amino acid compositions, and α-helix contents revealed that the 160kDa protein is different from caldesmon, α-actinin, and several other actin-binding proteins. Thus, we consider that the 160kDa protein is a novel actin-binding protein.View full abstractDownload PDF (2920K) -
Akikazu Yasuda, Midori Ikeda, Yoko Naya1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1793-1799
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive ecdysteroids (ecdysone, 3-epiecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone, 3-epi-20-hydroxyecdysone, and 3-dehydroecdysone) were completely separated by micellar electrokinetic chromatography on a fused-silica capillary (50μm×50cm effective length) with 100mM borate buffer, pH 8.9, containing 100mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 15mM γ-cyclodextrin (CD). Addition of γ-CD to SDS micellar solution improved the resolution and allowed analysis within 10min. The limit of ultraviolet detection was below 50fmol, as determined by injected amounts of the authentic compounds. This method was applied to the analysis of ecdysteroids in the hemolymph of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii, in which physiological change was induced by eyestalk removal.View full abstractDownload PDF (409K) -
Nobuo Suzuki, Kazunaga Yazawa, Akihiro Yamada, Daisuke Uemura, Kunitsu ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1801
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (100K) -
Ikuo Matsuura, Kaworu Nakamura1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1803
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (127K) -
Shigeki Sawayama, Yoshihiko Sako, Yuzaburo Ishida1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1805
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (98K) -
Masao Adachi, Yoshihiko Sako, Yuzaburo Ishida, Donald M. Anderson, Bea ...1993 Volume 59 Issue 10 Pages 1807
Published: October 25, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: February 29, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (123K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|