日本水産学会誌
Online ISSN : 1349-998X
Print ISSN : 0021-5392
ISSN-L : 0021-5392
59 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の29件中1~29を表示しています
  • 山田 作太郎, 田中 栄次, 小川 元
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1105-1110
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper, we study the management policy for the Yezo abalone Nordotis discus hannai off the coast of Iwate Prefecture. The abnormally low sea temperatures periodically observed are considered to relate to the mortality rates of the abalone. We propose a management procedure which controls the levels of the fishing mortality and numbers released for re-stocking based on the predicted sea water temperature. Simulations were carried out using the estimated and assumed values of the biological and operational parameters. The simulations suggested that the procedure, which weakens fishing intensity and reduces the released numbers if a higher sea water temperature in the following March is predicted, brings a forvorable status to population size and catch.
  • 菅野 泰次, 河村 博
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1111-1116
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two methods of heritability estimation for threshold character were compared to clarify merits and demerits. The data on mortality in the fry stage of masu salmon originating from six mature females and ten mature males caught in the Shokanbetsu River in Hokkaido were used. The heritabilities were estimated by two methods, i.e. the coding method where 0 or 1 values are assigned to dead and alive fry, and the arcsine transformation method where percentage data of dead fry obtained from lots of two series of experiments for six half sibs as to distinct females and ten half sibs as to distinct males are used. From the results two points can be emphasized. One is that heritabilities for initial mortality rate are minute and almost zero, suggesting the action of strong environmental influences. The other is that the coding method can be used to estimate the heritability instead of the arcsine transformation method for threshold character.
  • 菅野 泰次, 河村 博
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1117-1120
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Heritability and inbreeding coefficients were estimated for the mortality of uneyed-egg and fry stages. The materials used were offspring, in mutually full sibs, derived from 8 pairs of parents sampled from the Shokanbetsu River and the Mori pond-cultured strain. As analysis of variance the coding method was applied where by 0 and 1 values are assigned to dead and alive individuals respectively. As a result of the analysis, heritability in both uneyed-egg and fry stages were lower than 0.1, showing no efficiency for improving the mortality rates in the early stage of life. The inbreeding coefficients calculated by using genetic variance between the two strains were 0.068 for the uneyed-egg stage and 0.247 for the fry stage, the mean value of the whole stage being 0.127. This seems to suggest that high levels of differentiation occurred between two strains, i.e. the Mori strain and the Shokanbetsu strain.
  • スビヤント , 平田 郁夫, 千田 哲資
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1121-1128
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Larval settlement of the Japanese flounder was studied on six beaches of the Yatsushiro Sea. The settlement was seen from early March to late May, with a peak occurring from mid-March to late April. The population density was much higher along the beach, 15 to 70cm deep. compared to waters 3-9m deep. Comparison of the catches of newly settled larvae and older juveniles at each sampling site suggeted the following: the incidence of larval settlement on a beach is primarily governed by its location in relation to the pattern of the inflowing current at flood tide, whereas the density of food organisms and the quality of sediment affect the establishment of settlement, the survival rate, and the growth of the larvae.
  • 坂本 亘, 佐藤 克文, 田中 秀二, 内藤 靖彦
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1129-1137
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Adult female loggerhead turtles land on sandy beaches in the Japanese archipelago to nest in a period during early summer to autumn. They lay eggs three times intermittently in the sand at about 20-day intervals. The swimming behavior of two turtles, Nos. 1 and 2, during these internesting periods was measured using new developed self-recording apparatus: time depth recorders (TDRs), time temperature recorders (TTRs), and time light intensity recorders (TLRs). The apparatus were attached to the carapace after the turtles' first or second nesting and recovered at the next landing. The time series data were compared with the environmental conditions. Typical diving behavior was ascertained by numerical factors based on the maximum depth attained and underwater duration. Median underwater duration of the dive was different in each individual, viz. 36.5 min for No. 1 and 25.5 min for No. 2. Meanwhile median maximum depth was 11m for No. 1 and 23.5m for No. 2. This dive was frequently found in No. 1. The swimming behavior of No. 2 was characterized by a high water temperature, which was due to offshore migration. Different behavior was suggested from daily changes in dive types and water temperature encountered by two turtles; No. 1 swam along the coastal zone near the nesting beach, while No. 2 swam further offshore and was transported by the Kuroshio current before returning again to the same nesting beach.
  • 山崎 慎太郎, 梨本 勝昭, 山本 勝太郎, 平石 智徳
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1139-1146
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The drag coefficients and the added mass coefficients of short-spined sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius and northern sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus were determind. Meanwhile adhesive forces exerted by the tube feet were also measured.
    The drag forces were measured in steady flow and the added masses were measured by torsion pendulum coating the sea urchins with paint. The drag coefficient Cd was greater for the northern sea urchin, while the added mass coefficient Ca was greater for the short-spinedsea urchin. The average values of Cd, Ca in the direction of the test diameter was 0.66, 0.64 for the short-spined sea urchin and 1.06, 0.34 for the northern sea urchin respectively.
    Adhesive forces on smooth glass substrates were 0.3 ?? 2.8kg for the short-spined sea ur-chin and 0.2 ?? 2.4kg for the northern sea urchin when they were more than 40mm in test diameter. The adhesive forces of both species were much larger than the calculated maximum wave forces using determined Cd, Ca on the same size of sea urchin in an estimated roughsea condition.
  • 樺沢 洋, 大岡 貞子, 隆島 史夫
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1147-1150
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The hagfish Paramyxine atami shows a clear nocturnal rhythmicity of locomotor ac-tivity. Entrainability of locomotor activity rhythms in the hagfish were tested under reversed light-dark cycles with light intensities of less than 1.0 lx.
    The shifting of activity to the newly established dark period became defective and unstable with decreased light intensity in the light period. Entrainability to the LD cycle was still observed at the intensity of 2.53× 10-3 lx. These findings for P. atami are com-pared to a closely related species E. burgeri. The functional threshold of photo-receptors in P. atami seems to be lower than that in E. burgeri. Likewise, there is a difference in the vertical range of their habitats: E. burgeri and P. atami inhabit, respectively, depths of 10-100m and 50-500m. It is suggested that the activity rhythms in P. atami can be regulated by weaker light intensities than those in E. burgeri and that this relates to the difference in their natural habitats.
  • 山下 由美子
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1151-1154
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The muscles of ayu Plecoglossus altivelis from the juvenile (June) through adult (October) stage were observed histologically. The mean value of cross-sectional area of muscle fivers increased between June and September, from 4-8×10-3mm2 to 3-9×10-2mm2. There was no significant difference in the cross-sectional area between diploid and triploid fishes. The appearance of phagocyte-like cells positive to antibody against salmon muscle cathepsin L and the concurrent disintegration of muscle fivers was considered to bring about a qualitative decline of the fish muscle at the spawning stage.
  • 桜 幸子, 加藤 登, 照井 正三郎, Richard P.Buck
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1155-1162
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Surimi, a processed fish product, consists mainly of protein and water. Although surimi contains about 70% water, the concentrations of proteins are so high that surimi is quite viscous, taking the appearance of a gel. It is also rich in sugar. Several aspects were studied in order to apply a method of direct insertion of a pH glass membrane electrode in the special medium of surimi. The result shows that it is possible to measure pH by introducing a pH electrode directly. Fresh surimi pH values measured by direct insertion were in the range of 6.97-7.06. From these values it is concluded that the pH is partially due to myosin and action proteins and partially to sodium polyphosphates used as preservatives. The low pH value of surimi indicates bacterial putrefaction. The direct insertion method applied to defrosted surimi at 10°C was easier, more convenient, more accurate, and more reproducible with a quick response than the traditional method of aqueous extraction.
  • 木村 凡, 村上 正忠
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1163-1169
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The occurrence and survival of 4 food pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Clostridium perfringens) in jack mackerel fillets stored in retail packages containing air, N2(N2 100%), or CO2(CO2 40%/N2 60%) atmosphers was studied during 6 days of storage at 5°C. The normal aerobic spoilage bacterial counts were lower in the order of CO2, N2, and air storage in all samples. In most of the samples tested, no food pathogens were detected during 6 days storage in any gas atmosphere. In a few cases, these bacteria were dectected, but they disappeared or decreased in number during the course of the 6-day period of storage in all gas atmosphers. The growth and survival of 4 food pathogens artificially inoculated on a standard method agar medium kept under different gas atmospheres was also studied. With none of the strains was any growth or apparent difference in survival observed at 5°C in any of the gas atmosphers. It was concluded that the risk of health hazard caused by these food pathogens in fish fillets stored under a CO2 gas atmosphers was minimal when these retail packages were stored under chilled conditions.
  • 足立 真佐雄, 左子 芳彦, 石田 祐三郎
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1171-1175
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Eight monoclonal antibodies reactive against cultured cell surface antigens of genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) were tested for cross-reaction with natural field samples from Japanese coastal waters, by the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) method.
    In advance of applying monoclonal antibodies to field samples, the reactivity of typical antibodies to cultured cells at various growth stages in asexual and sexual cycles were examined by dot immunoassay and IIF, respectively. As a result, the reactive intensities were constant during the exponential growth phase and decreased a little during the stationary phase. At a different stage of sexual reproduction, these antibodies reacted with the vegetative cells of parent and F1 progenies, but not with the planozygotes and cysts.
    The reactive spectra of these antibodies to the cells of natural field samples collected from Tanabe Bay (Wakayama Pref.) in May 1990 and 1991, from Ofunato Bay (Iwate Pref.) in June 1991, and from Tachibana Bay (Nagasaki Pref.) in July 1991 almost coincided with those of these antibodies to cultured cells of A. catenella, A. tamarense, and A. affine, respectively. The results of immunological analysis corresponded with those of the morphological features.
    These monoclonal antibodies appear to be useful for the identification of these organisms from natural sea water.
  • 長島 裕二, 長井 俊, 塩見 一雄, 田中 宗彦, 田口 武, 志田 保夫
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1177-1182
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    High molecular weight substances associated with tetrodotoxin (TTX), which contained 82.2% of protein, were obtained from the extract of toxic liver of pufferfish Takifugu vermicularis snyderi by gel filtration on Sephacryl S-400 HR. The high molecular weight substances were hydrolyzable either with protease at 37°C, pH7.4, or with 0.5M HCl in boiling water, but neither with ribonuclease T2 nor with deoxyribonuclease I. Although the high molecular weight substances were nontoxic, their acid hydrolysates exhibited slight toxicity in mice when injected intraperitoneally. GC-MS analyses of the alkaline degradation products prepared from the protease digests revealed the presence of C9-base (2-amino-6-hydroxymethyl-8-hydroxy-quinazoline), indicating that the high molecular weight substances from the toxic liver contained TTX and/or its related substances. These results suggest that toxic pufferfish may partly accumulate TTX in liver, probably as a proteinic complex.
  • レオン サラポンセデ, 猪上 徳雄, 信濃 晴雄
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1183-1188
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of brine on fish storage have been studied using sardine (Sardinops melanosticta) as a raw material. Samples were immersed in brine and stored for a period in which they were considered suitable for consumption, at 15°C. NaCl concentration in the fish muscle reached its maximum within the first three days of storage for all the samples, after which the values remained constant. Assessments for suitability for consumption were carried out during storage. They included volatile base nitrogen (VB-N), microbiological, and organoleptic tests. Samples immersed in 15% brine solution proved to be edible for up to 5 days. Microbiological tests on all of the 3 samples found Pseudomonas spp. and Moraxella spp. to be the most numerous bacterial groups on the last day of sampling.
  • 近藤 竜二, 西島 敏隆, 畑 幸彦
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1189-1194
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The kineties of low molecular fatty acid production from glucose in the sediment slurry system were examined under anoxic conditions. Glucose was decomposed to acetote, formate, lactate, propionate, and n-butyrate. Both the composition of fatty acids produced and their production rates in the slurry were almost the same, regardless of sampling seasons and the incubation temperature. The production rate of each fatty acid increased with increases in the incubation temperature. The effect of temperature on the production rates of formate, acetate, and lactate conformed to Arrhenius' equation, and the data revealed temperature characteristics of 23.7 kJ/mol, 42.6 kJ/mol, and 26.5 kJ/mol, corresponding to Q10 of 1.4, 1.8, and 1.5, respectively. Thus, the fatty acid production was estimated to be carried out by the same microbial population throughout the year, and the production rates were basically regulated by the temperature of sediment.
  • 溝淵 重幸, 清水 延寿, 勝岡 正幸, 足立 恭子, 幹 渉
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1195-1199
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    In a study of antifouling substances against the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L., 11 out of 23 acetone extracts of marine invertebrates collected in the Ogasawara Islands showed antifouling activities. One of active species, an octocoral Dendronephthya sp., gave sterols and a fatty acid mixture mainly composing of C16, and C18 acids as active constituents. A comparison of the antifouling activities of various fatty acids suggested that unsaturated fatty acids were thought to be responsible for the activity.
    Since fatty acids were commonly detected in other active extracts, they might play an important role in antifouling activities in marine invertebrates.
  • 林 勇夫, 杉野 伸義
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1201-1207
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The sampling efficiency of the Smith-McIntyre grab was estimated by comparing data obtained by the grab with those obtained by the USNEL spade corer which is expected to be a more efficient sampling device than the Smith-McIntyre grab. The efficiency depends on the amount of sediment collected, increased to a maximum at around 5l, and decreased when greater quantities were collected. Low efficiencies less than 50% were obtained at a sediment amount of over 15l, which is often the case in muddy bottoms. The reason for this is considered to be due to an unexpected disturbance of sediment during the sampling process of the grab and to the partial loss of the sample while lifting the grab on board. The present results indicate that the quantitative data hitherto available using the Smith-McIntyre grab from various muddy bottoms seriously underestimated the abundance of macrobenthic communities.
  • 野崎 征宣, 市川 寿, 田端 義明
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1209-1211
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    To elucidate the suppressive effects of amino acid on the denaturation of fish myofibrils during dehydration, the water activity and the sorption water content of white croaker myofibrils in the presence of various amino acids at different temperatures were examined, and isosteric sorption heat was calculated on the basis of the Clausius Clapeyron equation.
    Isosteric sorption heat of the myofibrils increased with the addition of amino acids such as Na-Asp, Na-Glu, Lys, and Ala. It was suggested that amino acids enhance isosteric sorption heat of myofibrillar proteins during dehydration and consequently suppress the dehydro-denaturation of them.
  • 三嶋 敏雄, 向井 宏比古, 呉 茲華, 橘 勝康, 槌本 六良
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1213-1218
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Resting metabolism (RM) and myofibrillar Mg2+-ATPase activity at various temperatures were studied using carp reared at 10°C (group L) and 25.5°C (group H). The level of RM was higher in group L than group H at 19.5°C. On the basis of this result, it was considered that a positive thermal compensation occurred in group L. Myofibrillar Mg2+-ATPase activities in the presence and absence of Ca2+ were greater in group L than group H at 5°C to 30°C. The temperature dependences of RM and myofibrillar Mg2+-ATPase in the presence of Ca2+ were greater in group L than group H in a measuring temperature range below the rearing temperature, and a significant positive correlation was found in the relationship between these temperature dependences. This result suggested the RM and myofibrillar Mg2+-ATPase activity in the presence of Ca2+ might be related.
    The levels of Ca-sensitivity tended to be lower in group L than group H at reaction temperatures of 5 to 30°C, and were high at rearing temperature in groups L and H. The results suggested that Ca-regulation of myofibrillar ATPase was fully displayed at habitat temperature in carp acclimated to different temperatures.
  • 石崎 松一郎, 浜田 盛承, 磯 直道, 田口 武
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1219-1224
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the rheological properties of thermal gels from sardine and pork meat pastes were examined by stress-relaxation measurement and scanning electron microscopic observation. The elasticity and viscosity of UV irradiation-thermal gels were always higher than those without UV irradiation. From stress-relation data, it was revealed that the structural changes of UV irradiated pastes occurred during heating at 30-40°C for sardine, and 55-60°C for pork. From scanning electron micro-graphs of thermal gels, it was demonstrated that there was a large portion of densely dispersed matter in UV treated gels, while the gels without UV irradiation consisted of loosely dispersed portions. The difference in network structure between the two gels was discussed.
  • 浦 和寛, 原 彰彦, 山内 晧平
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1225-1229
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Changes in concentrations of serum thyroxine, skin and serum guanine, and total serum protein were measured in hatchery-reared masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou during smoltification. In June, the condition factor was at its lowest value while the serum thyroxine was at its highest level, showing the occurrence of the peak of smoltification in the stock used in the present study. Total serum protein decreased significantly in May, gradually increasing thereafter. Serum guanine increased from April and reached a maximum in May. In contrast, skin guanine dropped to a minimum in May but rose in June to reach a peak in July, suggesting that guanine was transported to the skin from the circulation. By measuring the serum guanine concentrations, it is possible to analogize the degree of the development of smolting.
  • José L. Guillén, 延東 真, James F. Turnbull, 川津 浩嗣, Randolp ...
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1231-1234
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    A depressed growth rate in the absence of pathological changes was observed in the larvae of a marine teleost, red sea bream Pagrus major, exposed to 0.002 and 0.02mg/l NH3-N (non-ionized ammonia) for 72 hours. Such levels of ammonia are frequently encountered in practical larval culture facilities in Japan and may have a detrimental effect on production. In a second experiment a histological study revealed that three-day-old larvae exposed to 0.05, 0.08, and 0.15mg/l NH3-N for 24 hours developed cytoplasmic vacuoles in the chondrocytes. The possible causes of such pathology and its relationship to the observed depression in the growth rate are discussed.
  • Veronica R.Alava, 金沢 昭夫, 手島 新一, 越塩 俊介
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1235-1241
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of non-supplementation of individual vitamins A, E, and C on the ovarian development of P. japonicus (mean weight =20.21±0.87g). Vitamin A palmitate, DL-α-tocopherol, and L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate magnesium (APM) were used as the vitamin A, E, and C sources, respectively. A control diet was supplemented with these three vitamins. Bilateral eyestalk ablation was performed within 30-37 days after feeding with the experimental diets, and weight gain and gonado-somatic index (GSI) were examined 20 days after each prawn's ablation.
    The weight gain of prawns fed with the control diet was significantly higher (P<0.05) than of those fed with diets not supplemented with vitamins A or E; however, this was no different (P>0.05) from that of prawns fed with the APM-unsupplemented diet. The highest GSI (P<0.05) was observed in prawns fed with the control diet. The control and initial prawn tissues contained higher vitamins A, E, and C than those of prawns fed with diets unsupplemented with vitamins A, E, or APM respectively. The present study showed the essentiality of supplemental vitamins A, E, and C in the diets of broodstock prawns for enhanced ovarian development.
  • 大越 和加, 大越 健嗣
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1243-1247
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The microstructure of the shells of scallops Patinopecten yessoensis and oysters Crassostrea gigas that were infested with four species of boring polychaetes, namely Polydora variegate, P. websteri, P. convexa, and P. concharum, was studied. Scanning electron microscopy revealed many characteristic concentric-like holes on the entire surface of the burrows of all four species of Polydora. The lateral side of the burrow was heavily scratched horizontally to the direction of the burrow. These characteristics were observed on the interior surface of the burrows which were present in both the foliated structure and the myostracum of scallop shells and in the foliated structure of oyster shells. Foliated crystals had a tendency to rotate at random to the right or the left on the inner surface of the soft body side of the scallop shell. When the sites of penetration by Polydora corresponded to the region where the adductor muscle was attached, characteristic modifications were observed around the canal structure.
  • Juadee Pongmaneerat, 渡邉 武, 竹内 俊郎, 佐藤 秀一
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1249-1257
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    The use of defatted soybean meal (SBM) in combination with corn gluten meal (CGM) and meat meal (MM) as a partial or complete replacement for fish meal was studied in carp. Fish meal in the control diet with 37% protein was substituted by the combination of those protein meals at levels of 56, 78, 89, and 100%. The effect of supplementation of crystalline amino acids to the 100% fish meal replaced diet was also examined. Duplicate tanks of fish (4 or 6g on average) were fed to satiation at 21±1 or 24±1°C for 9 or 5 weeks.
    Fish fed the control diet showed the best growth rate, feed efficiency and PER. Replacement of fish meal up to 56% with SBM and CGM gave good weight gain and feed efficiency comparable to the control, but the higher inclusion of SBM, CGM, and MM reduced growth and feed utilization. Supplementation of Lys, Met, and Thr to the 100% fish meal replaced diet markedly improved growth and feed efficiency up to about 90% of the control group.
    Supplementation of the EAA mixture at levels comparable to those in the fish meal control diet and twice that amount resulted in growth rates of about 87 and 94% of the control group, respectively.
  • 尾形 博, 北村 章二, 隆島 史夫
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1259
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 玉城 英信, 藤田 裕二, 坂田 完三
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1261
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 松本 行司, 中久喜 輝夫, 新井 健一
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1263
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
  • Aditep Nontratip, 山中 英明
    1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1265
    発行日: 1993/07/25
    公開日: 2008/02/29
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 1993 年 59 巻 7 号 p. 1268
    発行日: 1993年
    公開日: 2008/04/21
    ジャーナル フリー
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