巻号一覧
60 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の23件中1～23を表示しています
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麦谷 泰雄1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 7-11
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (618K) -
伏谷 伸宏1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 13-19
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (426K) -
平松 一彦1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 21-23
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
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落合 芳博1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 25-28
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (340K) -
有瀧 真人, 與世田 兼三1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 29-34
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAbout 85, 000 reared juveniles (34.2mm SL on average) of brown sole, Pleuronectes herzensteini were released on the bottom at a depth of 38m 10km off Iwafune in Niigata Prefecture on 23 April 1991. In subsequent tracking collections with a beam trawl (24 April to 18 June 1991), a total of 74 wild juveniles (10.1-37.3mm SL) as well as 114 released ones (15.7-35.2mm SL) appeared. The latter were destributed around the release ground at a depth of 38m and the former from 25 to 45m. Almost all captured juveniles had fed and the stomach contents of the two types were essentially the same. This suggests that the grounds at depths of 25-45m are the settlement area and nursery for wild juveniles of brown sole, and will be suitable for the release of reared juveniles.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (410K) -
谷津 明彦, 平松 一彦, 島田 裕之, 村田 守1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 35-38
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe relationships between driftnet mesh size (M, mm) and bycatch rate (Y, number of animals per 1, 000 tans)for northern fur seals, Callorhinus ursinus, and for small cetaceans (five species combined: Phocoenoides dalli, Lissodelphis borealis, Lagenorynchus obliquidens, Delphinus delphis, Stenella coeruleoalba and Mesoplodon sp.) were estimated from data collected in 413 driftnet fishing operations in the North Pacific during 1984-90. The driftnets were composed of 17 stretched-mesh sizes ranging from 33mm to 197mm and total fishing effort was 39, 070 tans. Assuming that the theoretical number of marine mammals caught by driftnets follows either the Poisson or negative binomial distribution, the relationships were estimated as Y=8.81×10-5M2 for northern fur seals and Y=5.29×10-5M2 for small cetaceans. The principal factor affecting mesh selectivity was the size of entangled body parts of the animals, the head for northern fur seals and the flukes for small cetaceans.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (280K) -
為石 日出生, 楢村 裕一, 四之宮 博1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 39-44
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーVery little research has been done on the mechanism for forming fishing grounds, particularly on the route by which Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus migrate to the Sanriku coast during their northward migration. In this connection, data on the fishing ground were analyzed and its relationship with a warm streamer was investigated using data recorded by fishing boats, satellite aided SST distribution charts etc. in the period from 1987 to 1990.
As a result, the following were found: (1) Sardine schools during northward migraiton do not come to the area off the Sanriku coast sequentially from off the Boso/Jyoban coast, but tend to come in random waves. (2) From the direction of motion of the schools approximately heading north-northeast, they are considered to move further north during their feeding migration. (3) The suitable SST for a catch (Ts) is 11.0°C on average with a standard deviation of 2.2°C, and 85% of SSTs of warm streamers are included in the range of Ts. (4) The centre of gravity of fishing grounds and the warm streamer have a close correlation with their latitude (coefficient of correlation is 0.85). As a whole, sardine schools in the early fishing season off the Sanriku coast are fed from the warm streamer during their feeding migration, where the warm streamer is considered to serve as a migration route.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (431K) -
為石 日出生, 楢村 裕一, 四之宮 博1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 45-50
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe authors have shown in their previous report that the fishing ground of the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus during their northward migration off the Sanriku coast is formed by schools coming from offshore waters, where warm streamers (WS) possibly serve as migration routes. This report suggests that the existence of WS has a close relationship with the migration and formation of fishing grounds of the sardine. The movement of WS and fishing conditions were analyzed, using Satellite imagies, satellite-aided SST distribution charts, data on fishing grounds etc. in the period from 1987 to 1990.
As a result, the following were found: (1) The formation of fishing grounds and the increase in catches are caused by the approach of WS. (2) When a minute WS branches from a WS, sardine schools move across the Oyashio cold water and transfer into the coastal water. (3) Two cases are possible in the crossing of sardine schools over the Oyashio cold water during northward migration, i.e., directly by the WS, or by WSs progressively generated on a medium scale, a small scale, and a minute scale.
Thus, the WS is regarded as a “migration route” for the migration of the sardine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1655K) -
山下 成治, 見上 隆克, 五十嵐 脩蔵1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 51-55
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSimple field measurements of the physical properties of kelp (Laminaria japonica ARESCHOUG) have revealed the relationship between its bulk density and compressive stress, and this knowledge can then be used to determine the maximum load and the location of the center of gravity on a small vessel for kelp cultivation. According to the results, the relaxation and pressure gradient to the bulk density can be separated by measurement 2 minutes after loading. This moment defines the setting time as the variation in the bulk density comes within 1%, according to the hysteresis acting reciprocally on the load. The compressibility factor shows a steady value (0.464) regardless of the sampling area, against the initial bulk density which shows a wide distribution. Therefore, it may well be that this parameter consists of one of the characteristic physical properties of kelp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (338K) -
山下 成治, 見上 隆克, 五十嵐 脩蔵1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 57-60
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe estimation of the loading and the center of gravity height on a small working vessel was perfomed using the physical properties of kelp (Laminaria japonica ARESCHOUG). According to the results of the relative sensitivity analysis for each parameter, the loading and the center of gravity height can be described by the local height and area of a cargo by using the physical properties of kelp parametrically. To determine the loading at a kelp cultivating site, the initial bulk density of kelp and the area and maximum height of the cargo have to be considered. To estimate the center of gravity height, the maximum height of the cargo has to be considered.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (272K) -
荒川 久幸, 森永 勤1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 61-64
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe dispersion of zoospores in a horizontal direction is considered to be the sum of their own swimming power and the effect of eddy currents, while in the vertical direction it is regarded as a uniform movement sedimentation.
If the total number of liberated zoospores is regarded as 100%, the relative number of zoospores showed 0.047%/cm right below the zoospore liberation point and 0.020%/cm at a point 10m away from there. Furthermore, the dispersion range of zoospores became wider in the seawater as turbidity increased, while the number of zoospores settling on the bottom decreased; when the sea water turbidity was more than 2mg/l, the density of settled zoospores was 0.023%/cm right below the zoospore liberation point. Meanwhile, the formational range of kelp beds is also largely reduced in accordance with increasing turbidity. When the turbidity is 10mg/l, the area of kelp beds is estimated to reduce to less than 1/10 of its ordinary area under normal turbidity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (272K) -
島本 信夫, 渡辺 淳1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 65-71
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe feeding habit of red sea bream, Pagrus major, was examined by stomach content analysis with special reference to its seasonal changes in Tomogashima Channel waters, an important habitat in the eastern Seto Inland Sea. The fish fed through its life on many kinds of organisms, but intensively on a few kinds of them during the feeding season from spring to autumn. It was noted here that juveniles fed on zooplankton such as Acartia omorii and Oikopleura sp. from June to July, and youngs on the pasiphaeid shrimps Leptochela from August onward. These shrimps were in fact the main prey for the fish of age 1 and over. The stomach contents were poor and changed after November, because of the fall in water temperature and the increase in its population density with overwintering assemblage. Consequently, until March, or the end of the overwintering season, fish growth was retarded with a continuous decrease in the condition factor. The change in feeding habit with the winter assemblage was most remarkable for age 0 fish. The winter season would appear to be a critical period for the survival of the fish especially at this age.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (611K) -
魚谷 逸朗, 岩川 敬樹, 川口 弘一1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 73-78
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe response and behavior of postlaval Japanese anchovy (shirasu) to differences in turbidity, prey density, and salinity were studied with the aim of understanding the formation mechanisms of shirasu fishing grounds. An experimental tank was composed of 2 sections divided by a sliding board in which different combinations of turbidity, salinity, and prey density condition were prepared. The behavior of 50 postlarvae released in one section was observed. After removing the sliding board the number of individuals which moved into another section was counted after 30 seconds. In an experiment on various combination of conditions, shirasu showed a strong positive reaction only to turbidity and moved into the section of turbid water. More than 90 percent of shirasu moved from the section without turbidity to the section of turbid water of 5-10ppm, while more than 75 percent moved to the section of 20-30ppm turbidity. At much higher turbidity in the range of 40-50ppm, shirasu were first attracted into the turbid water, but escaped from it at the next moment. Prey density and salinity showed no significant effect in attracting shirasu, although a high prey density may be effective in keeping shirasu in the fishing ground. Turbidity and salinity observations in shirasu fishing grouds in Suruga Bay also support this result.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (873K) -
梨本 勝昭, 松山 恵二, 平石 智徳, 高木 力1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 79-83
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHydraulic jet dredges have been used recently for catching Japanese surf clam in Hokkaido. The catching efficiency of this kind of fishery needs to be clarified.
An attempt was made to estimate the catch efficiency of the Japanese surf clam hydraulic jet dredge which is being used in Tomakomai sea area. The dredge survey was carried out four times using two dredges towed simultaneously in the same fishing ground. One dredge was towed behind the other at an interval of 270cm. The number of shells caught by the dredge was counted and their shell length was measured. Under the condition of the dredging survey, the catching efficiency in a shell length class is considered to be a function of the ratio of clams caught by the front dredge to the number of shells caught by the rear dredge. In this way, the fishing efficiency for hydraulic jet dredge was evaluated. However, the average catch efficiency of hydraulic dredge for Japanese surf clam may be slightly influenced by towing speed. In our survey, at a towing speed ranging between 2.90m/min-4.78m/min, the average catch efficiency obtained was 0.63.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (307K) -
久田 孝, 小山田 晃, 藤井 建夫1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 85-90
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of dietary supplementation of a depolymerised sodium alginate (AG-5) with an average molecular weight of 5×104, on human fecal flora and the intestinal environment were studied in healthy volunteers, each of whom consumed 4g of AG-5/day for 14 days. During the intake of AG-5, no detectable change occurred in the balance of flora, but the fecal pH and the amount of volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) in feces had a tendency to decrease. The amount of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) did not change. Single administrations of 7 and 10g AG-5 revealed a dose-dependent fecal VBN decrease. A single administration of 7g of AG-5 in 8 healthy volunteers resulted in an increase in the ratio of Bifidobacterium to total bacteria and a decrease in the number of Bacteroidaceae. The fecal VBN and pH value decreased, but the amount of SCFA did not change after the single administration of 7g of AG-5. These results suggested that the administration of AG-5 contributes to an improvement of the intestinal environment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (426K) -
渡辺 裕子, 山中 英明, 山川 紘1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 91-94
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDaily variations of glycolytic metabolites were investigated in the muscle of juvenile disk abalone Haliotis discus fed with arame Eisenia bicyclis, with tunomata Chonrus ocellatus, and starved for a period of 46 days.
The feeding behavior of abalone fed with arame and tunomata was observed at night, especially at sunset and sunrise. Glucose increased at night and reached its maximum level at 4 a.m. in the adductor muscle and the rim of the foot muscle of disk abalone fed with arame and starved. In the muscle of disk abalone fed with arame, D-lactic acid was accumulated during the night, while the level of L-lactic acid was higher than that of D-lactic acid in the daytime. Both D- and L-lactic acids were accumulated remarkably at 4 a.m. in the muscle of abalone fed with tunomata and starved. Pyruvic acid was also accumulated at night in the muscle of abalone fed with tunomata. The levels of glucose and lactic acid appeared to be influenced by marine algae and starvation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (252K) -
示野 貞夫, 関 信一郎, 益本 俊郎, 細川 秀毅1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 95-99
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify differences in the digestion and absorption process of raw and heated defatted soybean meals (SBM) in juvenile yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, the fish were force-fed with the two kinds of SBMs as well as raw fish and fish meal as control, and post-feeding changes in digesta quality, serum constituent concentrations, and protein digestibility were determined. The intestinal digesta contents were higher in the fish fed with either SBM than those in the fish fed with raw fish during the experimental period. The digesta in the raw SBM-fed group passed rapidly through the stomach and intestine at a similar speed as in the raw fish-fed group, but the solubility and digestibility of the intestinal digesta protein and serum free amino acid concentration were lowest among the four protein sources, probably due to the activity of trypsin inhibitor in raw SBM. On the other hand, the digesta in the heated SBM-fed group passed slowly through the digestive tracts, and the solubility of the intestinal digesta protein was higher than that in the raw SBM group, while being similar to that in the fish meal-fed group. These results indicate that the digestion and absorption process of raw SBM was disturbed by its trypsin inhibitor, but was improved by heating to a similar degree to fish meal under the experimental conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (353K) -
昌子 有, 佐伯 宏樹, 若目田 篤, 野中 道夫1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 101-109
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate the effect of ammonium ion on the quality of pressure-induced gel, walleye pollack surimi was ground with NaCl, or NaCl containing a small amount of (NH4)2 SO4 or NH4Cl. The salt-ground meat was then treated under 300 MPa at 0°C for 10 min followed by storage at 5°C for 120 hours, and breaking strength and breaking strain together with subunit composition of myofibrillar protein were evaluated. Transglutaminase activities and ε-(γ-glutamyl) lysine contents were also measured.
The results obtained were as follows: (1) Transglutaminase activity of the salt-ground meat was mostly inactivated by the pressure-treatment, (2) The rates of formation of cross-linked myosin heavy chain (60% of total protein) and of ε-(γ-glutamyl) lysine (2.7mg/g) in the pressure-induced gel were virtually identical with those in the setting gel from the same surimi, (3) The breaking strength of the pressure-induced gel reached more than twice that of the setting gel, (4) Addition of ammonium salts to the salt-ground meat largely suppressed the formation of cross-linked myosin heavy chain and of ε-(γ-glutamyl) lysine, while the breaking strength of the pressure-induced gel remained at half the level of that of the gel formed without ammonium salts. These results suggested that intermolecular hydrophobic interaction between myofibrillar proteins, which was formed through the pressure-treatment, might contribute to the production of an elastic gel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (646K) -
河津 大輔, 藤井 建夫, 大島 直子, 奥積 昌世1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 111-115
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of susabinori Porphyra yezoensis on microflora and metabolic products in the cecum of rats was studied. Cecum microfiora was changed by susabinori contained in the diet. Though the effect was not so great, the total viable count decreased slightly, while the ratios of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased. The pH of the cecum content dropped by 0.4 during the intake, but recovered to normal after a shift to the control diet. The amount of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum content increased significantly, while that of ammonia decreased significantly. These results indicate that susabinori is effective for reforming the intestinal environment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (330K) -
吉江 由美子, 鈴木 健, 白井 隆明, 平野 敏行1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 117-123
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe changes in the contents of dietary fibers, minerals, and free amino acids, and the fatty acid compositions of dried “nori” Porphyra yezoensis were examined during processing such as by cutting, mincing, mixing, and softening. The amount of soluble dietary fiber in nori cultivated at Chiba Prefecture was larger than that in Hyogo Prefacture; however, insoluble dietary fiber was reversed in each manufacturing process. Sodium and calcium contents of nori cultivated in Hyogo were larger than those in Chiba. Free amino acid contents such as taurine, alanine, and glutamic acid were higher in Chiba than in Hyogo during processing. Fat contents and the rate of icosapentaenoic acid in total lipid in the nori from Chiba were high, when compared with the counterpart in the process. There were no significant changes in any of the components during processing, when the results were expressed as g or mg per 100g of dry matter in each process. Therefore, we concluded that the specified components of nori were not lost to any significant degree in laver fronds during the processing of dried nori.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (457K) -
望月 聡, 佐藤 安岐子1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 125-130
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSpecimens of horse mackerel were killed by three different procedures, i.e. stabbing in the spinal cord (instant killing), dipping in cold sea water (temperature shock), and leaving to die in the air (struggled killing). After death the fish were stored at 0 and 8°C. In the fish of the struggled killing group, the rates of decrease in rigor index and of breaking strength of dorsal muscle were fastest. An evident difference was observbed in the changing rates of concentrations of ATP, IMP, creatine phosphate, and lactic acid among the three killing procedures. All the rates were slowest in the instantly killed group. When full rigor was observed, ATP was still contained in significant amounts. The rate in progress of rigor mortis was almost comparable with an increase in lactic acid level. The storage temperature scarcely affected the progress of rigor mortis, but did affect the rate of changes in ATP and K value. From these results, it was suggested that stabbing of the spinal cord was the best procedure to delay the fall in quality of horse mackerel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (409K) -
津田 友秀, 村田 寿, 境 正1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 131-132
発行日: 1994/01/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (127K) -
1994 年 60 巻 1 号 p. 142
発行日: 1994年
公開日: 2008/04/21
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (21K)
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