巻号一覧
63 巻 (1997)
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63 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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古田 晋平, 渡部 俊明, 山田 英明, 西田 輝巳, 宮永 貴幸1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 877-885
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーStock enhancement programs involving the mass release of hatchery-reared Japanese flounder have been conducted in nearly all coastal regions of Japan. These programs have been regionally successful, however, many fundamental problems that inhibit further success remain. Changes in distribution, growth and abundance of released juvenile flounder were investigated in the coastal area of Tottori Prefecture form 1989 through 1991. Flounder juveniles were directly counted by divers along transect lines at 6 depths between 0.5m and 13m. Beam trawl samples were taken and densities were estimated using gear efficiencies obtained by comparison between the number of fishes collected by the trawl and the number counted by divers. Released juveniles were found mainly in waters shallower than 10m, and showed nearly the same distribution pattern as wild juveniles. A significant length increase was not observed in recaptured flounder. The number of reared juveniles rapidly decreased during the first week after release and the retention rate after the 1st week ranged from 3.5% to 26.9%. Based on changes in distribution and growth after release, the authors concluded that the rapid reduction in the number of released juveniles was caused by high mortality. Causes of mortality of released and wild flounder are discussed in relation to the abundance of prey and predation by piscivorous fishes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (631K) -
古田 晋平, 渡部 俊明, 山田 英明, 宮永 貴幸1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 886-891
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo investigated the factors influencing the mortality of restocked Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, changes in the condition of hatchery-reared and wild Japanese flounder juveniles and density of mysids as the main diet of flounder juvenilies were studied in the coastal area of Tottori Prefecture from 1989 to 1991. Food intake of reared flounder was lower, and the incidence of empty stomachs was evidently higher than in wild flounder. Hatchery-reared flounder were released in June and July and showed a rapid decrease in condition after release. Mysid abundunce was highest in April and May, then a marked decrease in abundance occurred in June. The condition factor of wild flounder also declined markedly in late June and July. These findings suggest that the poor condition of reared flounder after release was caused by a combination of poorly developed feeding ability for wild prey and the seasonal reduction of mysid density. It is speculated that the poor condition of flounders enhanced vulnerability to predation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (433K) -
伊元 九弥, 吉岡 直樹, 北島 力, 松井 誠一1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 892-898
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe age and growth of the blue whiting, Sillago parvisquamis, were examined, based upon the ring marks on scales of 248 individuals caught in the coastal waters of Buzen sea (north eastern Kyushu, Fukuoka and Oita Prefecture) from 1992 to 1996. The relationship between the radius of scale (R) and the total length of the fish (T. L.) was shown by the formulae: ??, T. L.=76.576R+24.008, ??, T. L.=70.192R+32.691. Examination of marginal increment of scale showed that the ring mark formed twice in a year, in June and October. The ring mark in June was considered to be a real ring as the spawning season of this fish extends from May to July. The average growth curve was shown by the formulae:
?? : Lt=332.532 [1-exp{0.642(t+0.256)}]
?? : Lt=288.609 [1-exp{-0.577(t+0.479)}]
Lt, total length at age; t, age.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1113K) -
渡部 俊広, 稲田 博史, 高山 剛, 山崎 慎太郎, 喜多村 稔1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 899-904
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate the mechanism of attracting large-sized neon flying squid (>30cm mantle length), Ommastrephes bartrami, to fishing lights, experimental hand and machine jigging with fishing lights were carried out in the North Pacific Ocean. The eyes of captured squid were examined histologically for retinal adaptation. Squid were caught at different depths (20, 50, 100, 150, 200m) using onboard fishing lights at night and in the daytime with underwater fishing lights placed 180m deep. Their retinae were all dark-adapted when captured during the daytime and at night. Since squid were caught at nighttime at greater than 100m depths using jigs with 300kW fishing lights, it is supposed that the powerful fishing lights have deepened the distribution of squid whereas driftnets captured squid at depths of 7-10m when set at night.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1014K) -
小島 隆人, 添田 秀男1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 905-911
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe change in the heart rate was known to show the activity of autonomic nervous system in the human heart. In the present study, we conducted to analyze the fish heart rate change and fluctuation of interbeat under stimulated conditions. The rainbow trout were exposed to a continuous light (20, 000lx), sound (130dB, 300Hz) and repetition of these stimuli. Mean heart rate was calculated, and also the computed power spectrum density of interbeat valiability. Continuous light stimulus caused an increase in the heart rate. But the heart rate was not affected by continuous sound stimulus. It was nearly the same as the resting one. Nevertheless, alternate light and sound stimuli caused an increase in the heart rate. The R-R intervals were variable when the fish were resting, but remain stable when exposed to the continuous light or alternate light and sound stimuli. In the condition exposed to those light and sound stressor, the power spectrum of R-R intervals were dominant in relatively low frequency components. It was supposed that the tachycardia and stable interbeat valiability were sympathetic nerve contribution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (533K) -
吉村 研治, 臼杵 考志, 吉松 隆夫, 田中 賢二, 石崎 文彬1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 912-919
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn high density culture of rotifer, a large amount of suspended organic matter accumulates in the culture medium. Such wastes are mainly composed of rotifer feces, amictic egg shells, microbes (bacteria, protozoa, fungi etc.), the food organism Chlorella and flocks of various sizes are formed and coagulate. The increase of flocks in culture medium causes clogging of the nets in harvesting of rotier and also causes pollution of the larval rearing tank by providing pathogenic microorganisms. In order to remove the flocks, a filtration unit was developed, which was composed of nylon filtration mats and stainless steel frames to aid mixing of the culture medium. In order to investigate its efficiency, changes in the quantities of rotifer and wastes (the large amount of suspended organic matter) were determined by the centrifuge method.
The culture of rotifer was carried out in two 500l tanks by the semi-continuous method with or without filtration for five and nine days. While the flocks increased in the culture medium without filtration, the flocks larger than 30μm could be efficiently removed with filtration and culture was feasible at a rotifer density of 104 ind./ml.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1399K) -
塩出 大輔, 藤森 康澄, 清水 晋, 今井 信幸, 三浦 汀介1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 920-927
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA new type of depth-controlled gillnet was designed for fish sampling surveys. The net was joined to a vessel with a single warp to control net depth. Flume-tank experiments were performed using two model nets (1/30 scale) to determine the optimum net design. In one model (Direct-type), the warp and net were joined directly, while in the other model (Bridle-type), the joint between the warp and net passed through the bridle. Next, an experiment was conducted using the full-scale net at sea to investigate the effect of operational factors, warp and vessel speed (propeller pitch) on net depth.
The shape of Direct-type was better than that of Bridle-type shape. The former sank faster than the latter at the speed of 25cm/s (0.5kt) speed, and was thus selected as the design for the full scale net. Net depth could be controlled smoothly by paying out of the warp or change of propeller pitch at sea. This change of depth with time fit the first order lag model.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (500K) -
久田 孝, 後藤 秀幸, 横山 理雄, 藤井 建夫1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 928-933
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate the dietary effects of six different edible marine algae on the intestinal microflora and the level of serum lipids, diets containing 1% and 5% of the algae were administered to male rats for one week. These algae increased fecal weight. Cecal weight was increased by the diets containing 5% kombu Laminaria sp., 5% wakame Undaria pinatifida, and 5% mozuku (okinawa mozuku Cladosiphon okamuranus). In the case of the 5% aosa (hitoegusa Monostroma nitidum) diet, cecal pH value was higher. Most of the algae suppressed cecal ammonia. These marine algae had similar effects on serum lipid, such as the suppression of levels of serum triglycerides and free fatty acids, though these algae had no effect on serum cholesterol levels. On the other hand, these marine algae showed different effects on cecal microflora. The ratio of bifidobacteria to total viable counts increased in rats fed diets containing mekabu (sporophyll of wakame).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (435K) -
安樂 和彦, 松田 宗之, 中原 真弥, 重里 憲広, 川村 軍蔵1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 934-938
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn attempts to enthance fish stocks and increase the harvest of grown fish after release in Japanese coastal waters, classical conditioning of fish to sound before the release has been tried with red sea bream and some other species, The common sound used in the conditioning is a 300Hz, 1s tone burst, but this does not seem to be effective in attracting conditioned fish after release. This paper describes a key component of the sound to which red sea bream were conditioned. A group of one-year old and three groups of younger juvenile red sea bream were conditioned to the 300Hz sound during feeding in separate floating cages. Upon completion of the conditioning, the fish were exposed to 1s tone bursts of frequencies 100 to 5000Hz and of various sound pressures. The juveniles showed positive responses at 100 to 3000Hz and best responses at 300Hz and at 1500Hz, they were attracted to the sound origin upon projection but left the sound origin soon after. A similar response pattern was observed at 200 to 3000Hz in the one-year old sea bream, with best responses at 300Hz. The one-year old fish showed typical avoidance response to 100Hz, 1s tone bursts, which showed that the lateral line system mediated the response but that the lateral line is still poorly developed in the juveniles. When 300Hz, 1s tone bursts were applied at various pulse intervals, the juveniles responded positively to bursts at 0.04 to 5s intervals. These results imply that the key component of the sound is the rising pressure and thus the conditioned fish would be attracted to any intermittent sound after release.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (437K) -
本多 剛1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 939-946
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーRecently, the total yield of the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis cultivation has amounted to more than 80 thousand tons at the Oshima substation in Hokkaido. The price of the cultivated scallop has been declining because of an increase in the yield and hence its cultivation is in a critical condition. In order to overcome this, this paper shows that the total yield must be decreased to the optimum one proposed here. In addition, we allocate the optimum total yield to the Oshamanbe, Yakumocho, Otoshibe, Mori and Sahara fishery cooperative associations, using three methods of allocation under the cooperative game. We recommend the CG principle, which is one of the three allocation methods under the cooperative game, for the following reason. If the optimum total yield is less than a certain level, the allocated amount is the same, independent of the vested rights in the CG principle. If the optimum total yield is more than a certain level, the allocated amount is proportional to the vested rights. If the optimum total yield is between the two levels, the allocated amount is not proportional to the vested rights and is not independent of the vested rights.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (564K) -
根本 雅生, 清水 誠1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 947-955
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is important to understand the characteristics of fishing conditions for each fishing ground in the Seisyou region of Sagami Bay in order to explain the mechanism of catch fluctuation. Species compositions of the catch by six large-sized set-nets were analyzed by principal component analysis.
The Seisyou region of Sagami Bay was thus characterized by two principal components. The first principal component has positive correlations among all fishing grounds, and therefore seems to be a size factor. The second principal component has both positive and negative correlations among the Seisyou region, and therefore seems to be the degree of local polarization. The principal component tends to have a higher score for dominant species: black scraper, mackerel, sardine, horse mackerel, frigate mackerel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (617K) -
根本 雅生, 清水 誠1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 956-963
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is important to understand the characteristics of fishing conditions for each fishing ground in the Seisyou region of Sagami Bay in order to explain the mechanism of catch fluctuation. Species compositions of fish caught by six large-sized set-nets were analyzed by cluster analysis.
Yearly similarities in species composition by cluster analysis showed a tendency of dominant species catches. The trend varies a little, influenced by species composition for each fishing ground. Furthermore, the trend of the Seisyou region is generally influenced by the Komekami and Koyawata fishing grounds. The change of the set-net construction for the Iwae fishing ground, from trap net (1970-1983) to trap net with bottom-layer bag (1987-1993) had a great effect.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (619K) -
山田 陽巳1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 964-970
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMantle length-body weight relationships of the swordtip squid Photololigo edulis in the East China Sea were studied using samples from 1986 to 1995 bottom trawl surveys. Allometry formulae of the body weight (BW in gram) against the mantle length (ML in mm) of this squid were estimated by using linear analysis as follows, which showed clear differences between both sexes and sizes by AIC values; in males less than 13cm ML, BW=2.7730•10-4•ML2.5961, 13cm and larger, BW=4.1228•10-3•ML2.0429; in females less than 13cm ML, BW=2.0434•10-4•ML2.6705, 13cm and larger, BW=1.2271•10-3•ML2.3002. This squid tended to have a more slender body shape in males, and in larger squids regardless of sex. It is suggested that the difference of development of reproductive organs causes the difference of body shape in sex. Mantle length-body weight relationships of this squid by season were also estimated by dividing each sex into two size groups.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (573K) -
示野 貞夫, 松本 将哉, 宇川 正治1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 971-976
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis experiment was conducted to examine the effect of dietary types on the nutritive value of fish meal diets for yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. Four types of fish meal-based diets were prepared by pelleting the same dietary ingredients: single moist pellets (MP), steam pellets (SP), extruded pellets (EP), and extruded-moist pellets (EMP), which were single moist pellets prepared after grinding the EP. They were fed to fingerling yellowtail by a restricted feeding rate for 30 days in 0.8ton aquaria. The fish actively accepted MP, EP, and EMP, and there were no significant differences in the growth rate, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and nutrient retention rates among the three dietary groups. On the other hand, the fish did not so actively accept SP, and this resulted in a lower growth and feed performance than that of the other three dietary groups. However, the dietary treatment scarcely affected their blood and body composition. These results indicate that both MP and EP have higher nutritive values than SP on the fish meal-based diet for yellowtail.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (445K) -
李 南赫, 加藤 登, 安永 廣作, 中川 則和, 新井 健一1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 977-984
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is known that in the gelation of salt-ground meat from walleye pollack surimi, favorable setting temperature appears to be at around 25°C, and the changing profile of gel strength of kamaboko gel as a function of setting at 40°C varies among the preparations of frozen surimi. At a setting temperature of 40°C, there was a general trend that the breaking strength of kamaboko gel formed from high grade surimi changed in a biphasic manner: on increase at an early stage of the setting and a subsequent decrease at a later stage, while the breaking strength of the gel from low grade surimi reduced in a monophasic manner.
We showed that there is a good correlation between the maximum value of breaking strength of kamaboko gel attained through the setting at 25°C and the changing rate of breaking strength of kamaboko gel as a function of the setting time at 40°C.
On the basis of these findings, we proposed a simple and quick method for evaluating the characteristic gelling ability of walleye pollack frozen surimi for practical use in a factory.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (594K) -
任 恵峰, 劉 徳広, 王 亜軍, 遠藤 英明, 渡辺 悦生, 林 哲仁1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 985-991
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーHot water extracts were prepared under several different conditions from crab and shrimp shells which previously were not thought of as raw materials for seasoning processing. 1) Extractability of free amino acids, 2) chemical composition of extractive components, 3) sensory evaluation, and 4) a survey on mutagenicity were carried out on these samples to establish better manufacturing requirements for commercial soup bases. The best extractability was obtained at 100°C, for 3h. A comparison of crab shell extract and commercially available crab seasoning did not show big differences both in their chemical composition or sensory evaluations. Upon concentration, the crab shell extract should have a good chance to be on the market. The shrimp shell extract would need to be adjusted, as its shell-like smell is strong. Mutagenicity was below detectable levels in all samples tested.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (535K) -
舞田 正志, 吉安 友二, 岡本 信明, 池田 彌生1997 年 63 巻 6 号 p. 992-993
発行日: 1997/11/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (166K)
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