巻号一覧
64 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の24件中1～24を表示しています
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古田 晋平, 渡部 俊明, 山田 英明1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 1-7
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーStomach contents of piscivorous fishes were examined to investigate their predation pressure on hatchery-reared Japanese flounder released in the coastal areas of Tottori Prefecture (1989-1991). Released flounder were taken frequently by 1-age group Japanese flounder, bartail flathead and sea bass primarily during the early days after release. We observed few incidences of predation on wild flounder juveniles by piscivorous fishes in the same study area. This suggests that reared juveniles are more vulnerable to predation than wild flounder due to behavioral differences. Abundance of 1-age group Japanese flounder and flathead in the area was estimated from May to July by counting by divers. Cumulative predation estimated from stomach content analysis and abundance of predatory fishes accounted for a substantial part of the estimated mortality. Other potential sources of mortality, particularly predation by nocturnal predators, are discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (494K) -
今井 千文, 田中 昌一1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 8-15
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of egg size on the survival potential of first feeding Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus larvae was analyzed by rearing experiments. Measuring egg length (L: mm; major axis of chorion) and width (S: mm; minor axis), egg volume (V: mm3) was evaluated by V=π/6×L×S2. The egg lengths and the evaluated volumes of eggs were used as the egg size indexes.
The standard length (SL: mm) of the unfed larvae increased during the first three days after hatching and later decreased at 20°C. The SL at the third day (Max. SL) increased with increasing egg size. The correlation of Max. SL was more noticeable with egg length than evaluated egg volume. The survival time of the unfed anchovy larvae also increased with increasing egg size. The correlations between mean survival time and two indexes of egg size were both significant.
The feeding potential of the first feeding larvae was assessed by the feeding index (relative volume of rotifers in a gut) and the percentage of feeding success (percentage of larvae with rotifers in a gut). Both indexes increased with increasing egg size, suggesting that larger larvae which are hatched from larger eggs have a higher feeding potential than smaller ones.
Larger anchovy larvae from larger eggs have a higher survival potential, and may be advantageous for surviving, especially under poor feeding conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (654K) -
工藤 孝也, 山岡 耕作1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 16-25
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWe observed territorial juveniles of red sea bream Pagrus major and crimson sea bream, Evynnis japonica to detect interspecific ecological differences in sympatric habitat at Morode Cove in Ehime Prefecture from July to October in 1994. P. major tended to establish its territory in sandy zones where Zostera japonica grew in abundance, whereas E. japonica tended to establish it in sandy zones; the habitats thus slightly differed between the two species. Six common foraging and searching behaviours (sand pecking, substrate pecking, digging, water column feeding, near bottom feeding, blowing) could be distinguished in the two species, but the frequency of four feeding behaviours differed between the two species. It is suggested that the two closely related species might possess different ecological features enabling their coexistence within a restricted nursery ground.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (813K) -
淀 太我, 木村 清志1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 26-38
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーStomach contents of the largemouth bass collected from Lakes Shorenji (typical reservoir) and Nishinoko (typical swamp) were analyzed to determine its feeding habits and environmental adaptability. Main preys were a goby Rhinogobius sp(p). and shrimps Macrobranchium nipponense and Palaemon paucidense in Lake Shorenji, and a crayfish Procambarus clarkii and a shrimp M. nipponense in Lake Nishinoko. Fishes and crustaceans were the most important prey in Lakes Shorenji and Nishinoko, respectively. Principal preys changed ontogeneitically from the goby into bluegill Lepomis macrochirus and a cyprinid fish Tribolodon hakonensis in Lake Shorenji, and from a shrimp M. nipponense to the crayfish in Lake Nishinoko. The feeding activity was intense in summer and declined in winter. The bass may affect the ayu Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis population in both lakes. The bass has very flexible feeding habits, and this allows it to adapt easily to various feeding environments. The bass in Lake Nishinoko fed on larger amounts of prey organisms than that in Lake Shorenji. This fact may cause the higher growth rate of the bass in the former lake.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (826K) -
高場 稔1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 39-47
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーGrowth of juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major during the period from 1983 to 1993 was investigated in relation to sea water temperature and distribution density in the Bingo-nada area of the Central Seto Inland Sea. The temperature condition was evaluated as the sum of every ten days' water temperature anomaly from average values during the period from 1967 through 1982. The juveniles recruited from small-trawl fishing grounds in July had average fork length ranging between 47 and 63mm. At the end of the year, average fork length varied considerably between 96 and 131mm. Both correlation coefficients, between fork length and sum of temperature anomaly and density, were significant at the 5% level. Based on these results, a multiple regression formula was developed whose criterion variable was the maximum length (FL in mm) of red sea bream at 0 age, and three predictor variables were water temperature anomaly in July (WT), the number of catch in October (C) and the size of fish in July (L). The formula was FL=5.018WT-8.471C-4.917L. In this formula L, WT, and C were standardized by (original value-average)/standard deviation. It is statistically reasonable that the maximum length can be estimated by these 3 variables because each of the partial regression coefficients were significant at the 5% level.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (547K) -
藤枝 繁, 稲元 忠弘, 山中 有一, 松野 保久1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 48-55
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe underwater noise emitted by a cruising vessel has several transmission rays namely direct ray and reflected rays from the sea bottom and sea surface. Interference occurs when the sound waves are received at a hydrophone simultaneously. Actual interference of underwater noise was observed in sea areas of 24m and 70m depth. Observed underwater noise emitted by an approaching vessel at 9 knots was analyzed every 10 sec at a distance of 0.5 mile from the closest point of approach, and a spectrogram was calculated from the spectrum data. The theoretical interference of underwater noise in shallow water was obtained using an equation that considered the range of transmission path from the cruising vessel to the hydrophone as the reflection number. This report compares the theoretical and actual interference.
The characteristics of interference were obtained. Numbers of transmission rays by the theoretical interference (μ=0.5) were more than six rays at 0.5 mile away, but at 0.05 mile from tue closest point of approach, the number decreased to two rays. This was becouse the reflected transmission range is much longer than the direct one, so the reflected sound pressure level is lower than the direct sound pressure level at short range. If the reflection number at the sea bottom increased, the reflected sound pressure level decreased in inverse proportion to the reflection number (at the sea bottom) power of μ. Therefore, the spectrum pattern will change with the amplitude reflection coefficient at the sea bottom (μ). A theoretical interference striped pattern appeared for the shallow water rather than the deep water. Actual interference striped pattern appeared for the aes area of 24m depth at all hydrophone depths and the sea area of 70m depth at 5, 10, 60m hydrophone depths. This conforms with the theoretical pattern for the sea area of 24m depth of all hydrophone depths.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2261K) -
品川 汐夫, 多部田 修1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 56-64
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to indicate the advantages of the Rsn method, we compared it with the widely used method, correspondence analysis (CA) based on the data simulated to those of benthic macrofauna. It is proved that the Rsn method has the following advantages. The sites of similar species composition are displayed in a mass, and their patterns correspond well with the spatial distributions of the species, that is preferable to the cluster analysis. The cumulative ratio of eigen values of the Rsn matrix is relatively high. This means that an error component included in the matrix is low, while the essential information is well preserved. The Rsn method, therefore, is applicable to the data analysis of benthic macrofauna.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (684K) -
田島 研一, 平野 敬洋, 藤本 さおり, 伊藤 慎悟, 絵面 良男1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 65-68
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo prevent a loss of cultured sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius caused by spotting disease, effects of treatments by low temperature, disinfectants, drugs, ultraviolet irradiation, and oxidant on the control of growth and pathogenicity of the causative bacterium, Flexibacter sp. 12-N using a representative strain were examined. Pathogenicity of the bacterium was not exhibited in the experimental infection at 15°C, which was near the lowest growth temperature of the bacterium. The bacterium showed high sensitivity to erythromycin, oleandomycin and lincomycin, but was resistant to kanamycin and nalidixic acid. Susceptibilities of the bacterium to ultraviolet irradiation and oxidant were high, similar to those reported for fish pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, among the eight disinfectants tested in vitro, treatment with a 300 ppm hydrogen peroxide for 5 min at 15°C was found to disinfect significantly the bacterium without any injurious effect to the sea urchins.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (362K) -
木尾 茂樹, 小川 廣男, 磯 直道1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 69-75
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of the addition of starch on the gelation of frozen surimi made from walleye pollack were examined in terns of the ratio of amylose (A) to amylopectin (AP) of starch and the degree of pregelatinization of starch. The A-AP ratio did not affect the breaking strength of gel in the case of raw starch. However, the breaking strength increased as A content increased in the case of pregelatinized starch. The mixture of A and AP and the same A-AP ratio starch gave the same effects. AP in the meat paste at low temperature (0-5°C) did not retrograde at least for 60 min, and prevented the gelation of meat paste. The results showed that unretrograded APs took the extended molecular shape in sol. However, AP did not prevent the gelation of meat paste because AP shrank into smaller particles as it retrograded when left to stand for more than 24 hr.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1456K) -
杉山 雅昭, 三代 達也, 塚正 泰之, 鈴木 鐵也, 高間 浩蔵1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 76-81
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFish gels were prepared with Alaska pollack frozen surimi, including ovomucoid as a modori inhibitor. To test different heating conditions that are equivalent to the standard set by the Japan Food Sanitation Law for fish gels (75°C heating), Enterococcus faecalis was used as an index of the sterilizing value. Fish meat paste was heated at 60, 65, 70, and 75°C for the respective prescribed times, and the obtained fish gels were examined with a puncture test. The breaking strength of fish gels was highest (1008g) at 65°C heating. The puncture force of fish gels heated at 75°C, 70°C, and 60°C was 819g, 794g and 675g, respectively. The deformation of fish gels was, in decreasing order of temperature, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, and 60°C. Each parameter shows that heating fish gels at 65°C, the temperature at which modori occurs, gave the highest value.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (488K) -
杉山 雅昭, 三代 達也, 塚正 泰之, 中川 恭子, 太田 隆男, 鈴木 鐵也, 高間 浩蔵, 森 友彦1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 82-87
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFish gels were heated for various times at various temperatures from 60 to 75°C, whose sterilizing effects were the same as the standard (75°C) set by the Japan Food Sanitation Law. Textural profiles were evaluated by sensory evaluation and by instrumental analyses, including a puncture test, an ordinary texture test and a test by a texture mapping analyzer system (TMAS). The results of the puncture tests using spherical and wedge-shaped plungers were different from each other. In the texture test, the samples differed only in hardness and the differences were similar to those obtained in the puncture test using a spherical plunger. According to the TMAS analysis, the patterns of all of the samples were typical of kamaboko and the differences among the samples could be seen in the parameters of CW. F as hardness, RS as elasticity and CM as shortness. Regarding the relation between sensory evaluation and instrumental evaluation, the TMAS results were most highly correlated with the sensory evaluation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (166K) -
大住 幸寛, 川合 正允, 天野 秀臣, 野田 宏行1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 88-97
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーOligosaccharides from porphyran digested by enzymes of Arthrobacter sp. S-22 were purified by Daiya ion HPA-75, Toyopearl HW-40S, and Sephadex G-10 column chromatography. Each of three purified oligosaccharides (high anionic oligosaccharide (OSP1), low anionic oligosaccharide (OSP2), and neutral oligosaccharide (NOSP)) showed a single peak on a Shodex SUGAR KS-801 column, respectively. The structure of OSP1 was considered to be sulphato-disaccharide (6-O-sulphato-α-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-D-galactopyranose), while OSP2 and NOSP were considered to be mono sulphato-tetrasaccharide and neoagarotetraose.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (641K) -
大住 幸寛, 川合 正允, 天野 秀臣, 野田 宏行1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 98-104
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDigestion of porphyran by enzymes of Arthrobacter sp. S-22 caused neoagarotetraose (NOSP) fraction, sulphated oligosaccharide (DP≤6) (OSP3) fraction, sulphated tetrasaccharide (OSP2) fraction, and sulphated disaccharide (OSP1) fraction. Purified NOSP, OSP2 and OSP1 were partially digested in vitro by α-amylase from human saliva and rat intestinal acetone powder. No digestions were observed in vitro using artificial gastric juice and porcine pancreas. Neoagarotetraose was utilized in vitro by intestinal bacteria, Bacteroides. Hypocholesteromic activities in mice were found in porphyran and all oligosaccharide fractions tested (NOSP, OSP3, OSP2, and OSP1). The percentage of totalserum cholesterol fed with OSP2 and OSP1 were 72 and 67%, respectively, to that of the control.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (494K) -
渡邉 泉, 山本 義志, 本田 克久, 藤瀬 良弘, 加藤 秀弘, 田辺 信介, 立川 涼1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 105-109
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMercury concentrations were determined in the liver of Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) collected during 1980-82 and 1984-86, and compared in view of age-dependent accumulation. No significant sexual and geographical variations were observed, while higher mercury concentrations were found in the liver of Antarctic minke whales caught in the 1984-86 season rather than in 1980-82 by commercial whaling. Mercury concentration elevated with age until maturity and then revealed a steady state or slightly declined. However, the age showing maximum level of mercury was found to be older in 1984-86 than in 1980-82. This observation might be attributable to temporal changes in feeding amounts, resulting from disturbance of the Antarctic ecosystem such as uncontrolled management of whale resources in the past.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1095K) -
示野 貞夫, 四方 崇文, 岩永 俊介, 杉田 毅1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 110-115
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe metabolic intermediate concentrations and enzyme activities were determined in the hepatopancreas of carp Cyprinus carpio fed for 30 days with diets high in protein, lipid, and carbohy-drate. The effect of physiological concentrations of the intermediates on the activity of purified phos-phofructokinase (PFK) was also investigated. The dietary treatments induced slow but marked changes in activities of hepatopancreatic enzymes. This suggested an enzyme induction in the fish hepatopancreas but could not account for the rapid response of body composition to the dietary treat-ments. Each concentration of ATP, ADP, AMP, G1P, G6P, F6P, and FDP in the hepatopancreas ranged from 10-3M to 10-5M, corresponding to the Km values for many glycolytic enzymes such as PFK. These physiological concentration ranges of ATP, AMP, F6P, and citrate markedly and reasonably affected in vitro PFK activity. The results suggest that in vivo glycolytic activity can be regulated not only by enzyme induction but also by PFK activity without enzyme induction through changes in the physiological concentrations of metabolic intermediates as substrate and effector.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (568K) -
西塔 正孝, 國崎 直道1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 116-120
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe ordinary muscle of wild and cultured puffer fish, Takifugu rubripes was examined for moisture, crude protein, lipid, mineral contents, fatty acid composition, free amino acid contents and muscle hardness.
No significant difference was observed in moisture, crude protein, lipid and mineral contents between wild and cultured puffer fish. There was no clear difference between wild and cultured pufferfish in fatty acid composition, free amino acid contents and the hardness of raw and heat processed meat.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1010K) -
山口 恭弘, 西ノ首 英之, 山根 猛1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 121-122
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (180K) -
半田 慎也, 広海 十朗, 内田 直行1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 123-124
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (792K) -
網漁具梨本 勝昭, 山根 猛, 平石 智徳, 渡部 俊広1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 125
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (53K) -
松岡 達郎, Sulaeman Martasuganda1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 126-127
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (190K) -
永松 公明1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 128-129
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (185K) -
松下 吉樹1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 130-131
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (783K) -
井上 悟1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 132-133
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (174K) -
稲田 博史1998 年 64 巻 1 号 p. 134-135
発行日: 1998/01/15
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (200K)
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