巻号一覧
64 巻 (1998)
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64 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の18件中1～18を表示しています
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西田 清義1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 368-372
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (457K) -
磯野 良介, 喜田 潤, 岸田 智穂1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 373-376
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe rates of growth and oxygen consumption in vitro of Ruditapes philippinarum were examined in relation to their high temperature tolerance. Two groups of the clam (16.7 and 11.4mm mean shell length) were fed cultured algae Pavlova lutheri for 4 weeks under various constant temperatures between 10 and 34°C. Cumulative mortality in each group during the experiment was 0 to 3% except at 34°C. All clams reared at 34°C died within 10 days. The growth rate (daily percent increase in shell length) was maximum at about 25°C. A condition index (dry weight ratio of shell to soft body) declined at 30°C. The oxygen consumption rate was determined volumetrically at intervals of 5°C from 5 to 50°C using specimens of 31.1mm mean shell length. The oxygen consumption rate decreased markedly above 40°C. Q10 for the oxygen consumption rate between 5 and 25°C remained close to 2.0, but decreased from the value above 25°C. The temperature considered to be optimum for the oxygen consumption was coincident with the maximum growth temperature. These results suggest that Ruditapes philippinarum probably suffers from thermal stress over 25°C, and has significant mortality at around 34°C within a few days and no heat resistance over 40°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (362K) -
朝日田 卓, 斉藤 憲治, 山下 洋, 青沼 佳方, 小林 敬典1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 377-383
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the Japanese flounder collected from eight localities around Japan were examined to clarify the genetic feature and population structure. Digestion of region encompassing from 3' half of cytochrome b to the left and central domain of D-loop containing region of the flounder mtDNA amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) by eleven restriction endonucleases revealed considerable variation. We determined 54 cleavage sites by eleven enzymes and found 38 haplotypes in 75 specimens. Restriction patterns were polymorphic for ten enzymes examined. Nucleotide divergence between haplotypes ranged from 0.24 to 2.69%. Dendrogram constructed by the UPGMA among 38 haplotypes showed no clustering groups of localities. Nucleotide diversity and haplotypic diversity of each locality ranged from 0.0031 to 0.0042 and from 0.82 to 0.93, respectively. These results showed the Japanese flounder have a high mtDNA variability. The results of the present study provide some basic information for population genetics, and are useful for development of the genetic monitoring method for stocking of hatchery-raised fish fry into natural waters.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (513K) -
根本 雅生, 清水 誠1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 384-392
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe similarities appearing in species composition of set-net catch was examined to explicate the mechanism of catch fluctuation by using the cluster analysis on the six fishing grounds in the Seisyou region of Sagami Bay. The Seisyou region is located in the Western Sagami Bay.
As a result of similarities in species composition by cluster analysis, there is characterized for the tendency of dominant species catches, and then the similarities of set-net fishing grounds are classified by the five patterns. The yearly fluctuations of similarities varies in a short span of several years, influenced by species composition for each year. Further, the trend of Seisyou region is generally classified by Koyawata and Umezawa fishing grounds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (712K) -
古田 晋平1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 393-397
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFeeding behavior of hatchery-reared and wild Japanese flounder juveniles was compared to determine whether behavioral differences might lead to higher vulnerability of reared flounder to predation. Laboratory experiments using a video observatory system were conducted to analyze feeding behavior including quantification of time of swimming in the water column, distance from the initial to settled position, swim-up height from the bottom and the pattern of swimming course. Swimming courses were classified into 3 types according to the extent that flounder returned to their initial position. Wild flounder showed rapid feeding behavior and returned near the initial position, while reared flounder spent significantly longer periods in the water column and settled on the bottom at a distance from the initial position. These findings suggest that hatchery-reared flounder are more vulnerable to predators than wild flounder due to longer exposure in the water column and frequent change of settling location. Differences in feeding behavior found between reared and wild flounder may explain high mortality of hatchery-reared flounder immediately after release.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (354K) -
米山 洋一, 塚本 勝巳, 北田 修一1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 398-405
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to estimate the loss of the juvenile masu salmon at the intake of agricultural diversion weirs during downstream migration in the Kaji River, Niigata Prefecture, a new method was presented. A total of 70, 205 fish with fork length of about 11.5cm were divided into three groups marked differently by one another by otolith tagging and released at the upstream of the upper weir-I (upper group), the downstream of the lower weir-II (lower group), and the middle area between wear-I and weir-II (middle group) on 13-20 October 1994. We assumed that the difference of the recapture rates of these three groups would be derived from the difference of entrainment of fish at each weir, and estimated the rates of entrainment based on the recapture rates in the sea after their downstream migration in spring.
The recapture rates were 0.0229, 0.0388 and 0.0432% for upper, middle and lower groups, respectively, thus the upper group showed the lower recapture rate because of the larger loss of fish by entrainment at the weirs. The rate of entrainment with 95% confidence intervals were estimated as 41.0% (30.2-51.9) at the weir-I, 10.2% (-1.32-21.5) at the weir-II, and 47.0% (30.5-63.5) for a sum of loss at both weirs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (652K) -
櫻井 泉, 中島 幹二, 山下 俊彦1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 406-411
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis study examined the effects of oscillatory water flow, with reference to flow speed and amplitude period, on the burrowing behaviors of the Japanese surf clam Pseudocardium sachalinensis (shell length=5.7-41.7mm) using a vertical water-circulating tunnel. The burrowing speed of the clam tended to rise with the shell length and flow speed regardless of amplitude period and the clam's posture at burrowing toward flow. The relationship between the burrowing speed (V: mm/s), shell length (L: mm) and flow speed (U: cm/s) was described as V/L=4.66×10-4U+0.015. A large number of the clams apparently burrowed in a lateral direction toward the flow. The maximum flow speed when the clams could burrow into sand ranged from 15cm/s (amplitude period: 4s) to 20cm/s (8-12s) for the clams with shell length of 4-10mm, and from 20cm/s (4s) to 25cm/s (8-12s) for the clams with shell length of 16-42mm.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (413K) -
塩出 大輔, 藤森 康澄, 青木 一郎, 清水 晋, 三浦 汀介1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 412-417
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSampling for Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus was performed offshore of Izu-Oshima, Japan in April 1995 to investigate the sampling performance of a towed midwater gillnet on a research vessel. The towed midwater gillnet (Towed type) and the midwater driftnet (Drift type) of 33, 43mm mesh size were used. The nets were made of monofilament nylon with twine diameter 0.284mm. The Drift type was set at the depth of 30m, hanging on six buoys with ropes. The depth of the Towed type was set in accordance with the depth of sardine shoals located with an echo sounder (50kHz).
The Towed type caught about one hundred sardines per operation. The length frequencies of sardines caught by both net types were similar. The sampling performance of the Towed type was similar to the Drift type. Additionally, the Towed type was easier to cast than the Drift type, because the net construction of the Towed type was simpler. It is considered that the Towed type is efficient gear for sampling pelagic fishes on research vessels.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1926K) -
品川 汐夫, 多部 田修1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 418-426
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWe have indicated some advantages of the Rsn method over correspondence analysis (CA) by numerical experiments on simulated data. In order to confirm these advantages over CA with actual fauna, we used published data on macrobenthos. For the comparison between CA and Rsn ordination, fuzzy cluster analysis was applied to each result of the ordination. Using the result of the fuzzy clustering of sites and species, we proposed some practical methods for the evaluation of the correspondence between site groups and species ones. With these methods, it was shown that the clustering of sites based on Rsn ordination corresponded better with that of species and gave more interpretable results than those based on CA. This means that Rsn ordination reflected more sensibly the species distribution patterns relatively free from noise. It was also shown that the fuzzy clustering of sites and species could provide useful tools to evaluate the correspondence between site groups and species ones. Therefore, the Rsn method together with fuzzy cluster analysis of sites and species is applicable to actual data such as benthic macrofauna.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (707K) -
金城 清昭1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 427-434
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーMorphology and ecology in early life stages of black-spot tuskfish were studied in northern part of Okinawa Island from 1984 to 1991.
The postflexion larva of 7.7mm TL was laterally compressed with moderately large mouth, being scarce pigmented. In the 14.9mm TL juvenile, the body became deeper with rounded head and pigments forming four transverse bands on the body. Underwater observations with SCUBA and sampling with the seine revealed that juveniles settled on seagrass beds from May to June and stayed there during summer. Thereafter they gradually moved out of seagrass beds with growth. Diet composition changed with growth from small crustaceans to various organisms such as large crustaceans, gastropods, bivalves and so on and were diversified.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1307K) -
伊藤 正木, 小嶋 喜久雄, 田川 勝1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 435-439
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo examine the movement of adult ocellate puffer after spawning, tagging experiment was carried out at Wakasa Bay, Fukui Prefecture, Japan. Fifty tagged puffer were released at Wakasa Bay on May 12 in spawning season of 1993 and twenty puffer were recovered by the end of December 1995. Most recoveries were reported from the western Japan Sea from Toyama Bay to Tsushima island. Eight recovered puffer were caught in coastal area of Wakasa Bay within about one month after release. Then, areas of recovery shifted into west from Wakasa Bay, one puffer was caught offshore of Izumo city and four were from Hibiki-nada and off Kita-kyushu in the western of Japan Sea. In the next spawning season, three tagged puffer were recovered at coastal area of Wakasa Bay. The result indicates that adult puffer in Wakasa Bay move from coastal area of the bay after spawning and some of them return to coastal area of Wakasa Bay in next spawning season from the western Japan Sea from Toyama Bay to Tsushima island.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (348K) -
山田 浩且1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 440-446
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCharacteristics of hatching and transition from endogenous to exogenous nutrition of the Japanese sand eel Ammodytes personatus population in Ise Bay, central Japan, were studied in the laboratory. Duration to the peak hatching after fertilization were needed for 15, 13 and 11 days at 10.3°C, 12.0°C and 13.9°C, respectively. In the peak day, 46.1%, 62.3% and 73.2% of the total larvae hatched at the corresponding temperatures. Hatching predominantly occurred within 4 hours after onset of dark period at 17:00. Newly hatched larvae started feeding within 24 hours after hatching. All larvae completed yolk absorption within 13 days, but oil globle remained in 40% of the 30 days-old larvae. The sand eel larvae had a long mixed period of endogenous and exogenous nutrition. Daily growth rate during the first 30 days after hatching was 0.23mm at 10.1°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (560K) -
大本 茂之, 東海 正, 反田 實, 西川 哲也, 松田 皎1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 447-452
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis paper describes a method of comparing mesh selectivity curves of square-mesh and diamond-mesh codends by AIC (Akaike's Information Criterion) from the data of cover-net fishing experiments. Two models are assumed for comparison: a single-curve model where a single curve can be fitted for both selectivity values of square and diamond mesh codends; and a two-curve model in which the two mesh codends have different curves. The parameters of Richard equations are estimated as the selectivity curve by the maximum likelihood method, and then the AIC values of each model are also obtained to determine which is the better of the two models. The better-fit model is that with the smaller AIC. The AIC values of three species (Apogon lineatus, Argyrosomus argentatus, Loligo japonica) were estimated from the data of a small otter-trawl fishing experiment using two inner mesh lengths of 21.2 and 25.0mm carried out in the eastern area of the Seto Inland Sea. The single-curve model was appropriate for 21.2mm mesh size for Argyrosomus argentatus. It revealed that the single-curve model was enough to express selectivity for Argyrosomus argentatus of both mesh codends. From the available data of cover-net fishing experiments, this method is useful and easy to evaluate the difference in mesh selectivity curve between the square-mesh codend and diamond-mesh one.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (391K) -
鳥澤 雅, 三橋 正基, 永井 雄幸1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 453-461
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe spawning season of the Japanese mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria (De Haan) was examined in Ishikari Bay. The spawning season was estimated based on the temporal changes of female gonad somatic index (GSI) and sex ratio (number of female individuals/total number of individuals×100(%)) obtained from data between 1989 and 1991. The female GSI gradually increased from April to June, decreased in July, and began to increase again after October until November. However, GSI in November did not attain the value in the next spring. The sex ratio was low between mid June and July and high in May and November. Changes of sex ratio show the difference between male and female activities outside their burrows. The extreme low sex ratio is caused by the egg nursing behavior of females in the burrow. The spawning season of O. oratoria in Ishikari Bay was between June and July and once a year.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (709K) -
大河内 裕之, 北田 修一, 岩本 明雄1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 462-468
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe authors consider a method to estimate the age composition of released fish which are recaptured and landed at fish markets, by use of the mean lengths and SDs of tagged fish, the ages of which are precisely known. Since 1988, brand tagged flounder have been released in Miyako Bay simultaneously with those without tags and these data are used to examine the practicality of the method. For the first step of the procedure, the total number of fish by age is estimated employing a normal length distribution by use of the mean lengths and SDs of tagged fish which are h and younger are groups, and then the number of fish by age is calculated for each length class. For the second step, the number of fish older than age h is estimated as the residual number of h and younger age for each length class. The difference between this method and conventional methods is that a normal distribution for the length frequency of fish older than the h age group is not assumed. The cumulative estimated length frequency of age groups fit well the original length frequency and this suggests the method is applicable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (544K) -
朴 光植, 竹内 俊郎, 横山 雅仁, 佐藤 秀一1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 469-474
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTwo feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of dietary sodium chloride (NaCl) levels (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0%) on the growth of young and juvenile rainbow treout Oncorhynchus mykiss. After the feeding experiment, fish were acclimated to sea water (33‰) to check the sea water tolerance.
Young rainbow trout (BW, 59g) fed diets containing 10 and 15% NaC1 for 4 weeks showed lower weight gain than the trout fed diets containing less than 5% NaCl. However, no mortality was observed in any group of fish after 7 days of sea water acclimation. On the other hand, juvenile trout (BW, 1.7g) fed the 2.5% NaC1 diet showed significantly better (p⟨0.05) weight gain and protein efficiency ratio than those fed the 0, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0% NaC1 diets during the 7 week feeding trial. Moreover, the mortality of fish fed the 2.5% NaC1 diet during the sea water tolerance test was the lowest. Therefore, the influence of NaCl levels in diet on growth and tolerance to sea water depends on the fish size. It is shown that the excess amount of NaCl level in diet is more than 7.5% (1.4g/kg fish/day) and 11.2% (1.4g/kg fish/day) for juvenile and young rainbow trout, respectively. The excess and minimum amounts of NaCl in diet for juveniles should be considered.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (468K) -
平岡 芳信, 菅 忠明, 成田 公義, 城 敦子, 松原 洋, 岡 弘康1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 475-476
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (893K) -
村田 裕子, 山本 達也, 金庭 正樹, 桑原 隆治, 横山 雅仁1998 年 64 巻 3 号 p. 477-478
発行日: 1998年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (118K)
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