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Volume 65 (1999)
- Issue 6 Pages 991-
- Issue 5 Pages 797-
- Issue 4 Pages 613-
- Issue 3 Pages 373-
- Issue 2 Pages 167-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 65, Issue 4
Displaying 1-25 of 25 articles from this issue
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Masafumi Amano1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 613-616
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Masayuki Iigo1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 617-620
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Shigeru Okada1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 621-625
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Takashi Kuda1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 626-629
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Tatsuro Matsuoka1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 630-633
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Hideaki Endo1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 634-637
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Eiichi Yamamoto1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 638-641
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Toshihiro Watanabe, Shintaro Yamasaki1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 642-649
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRed queen crab Chionoecetes japonicus have been caught mostly with long line pots in the Sea of Japan. The capture of female and sublegal-sized male (≤90mm carapace width) is prohibited and these crabs must be returned to the sea by fishery regulations. In actual operations, however, females are as likely or more likely to be caught as males. To reduce the bycatch of females and sublegal-sized males, the effects of soak time and the capture characteristics by sex were investigated. The experimental operations used with commercial pots were carried out off west of the Oki is lands in the Sea of Japan in 1992 and 1993. The capture of females and small-sized males (<95mm carapace width) was reduced by increasing the soak time. A large number of females were caught convergently by a small number of pots because the distribution of females was more contagious than that of males. To reduce the bycatch, therefore, the soak time can be determined to be the most important factor.View full abstractDownload PDF (870K) -
Satoshi Katayama, Nagahira Arai, Keishiro Karita, Genichi Hoshiai, Zen ...1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 650-654
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to make clear the physiological ecology of squirting exhibited by Halocynthia roretzi, we examined the periodicity of squirting and the factor on the periodicity through the experiment measuring the internal pressure. On the natural condition, the small squirting showed an obvious periodicity of 24 hours cycle, and the large one displayed a weak periodicity for one of four specimens. However, ascidians had no rhythms of squirting in the dark. On 8L8D condition, we found a periodicity of approximately 16h in small squirting. These results suggest that the periodicity of squirting does not depend on the biological clock, but attributes to increase of the small squirting due to their responses for the light.View full abstractDownload PDF (656K) -
Takuro Hotta, Takashi Matsuishi, Hiroyuki Sakano, Yasuji Kanno1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 655-660
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify population structure of local herring in eastern Hokkaido, and to design an effective release program of seed fish artificially cultivated in aquariums, five samples of Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii, were caught from four spawning grounds. Six meristic characters were counted and statistically analyzed. Furthermore, allele frequencies of two enzymatic loci, GPI and PGM, were examined by using a starch gel electrophoresis. The sample from Yudo Lake had significantly fewer numbers in the upper and the lower gill rakers than in the others. A cluster analysis using the six meristic measurements on five samples showed that there are two local populations in the eastern Hokkaido, i. e. Yudo population and others, the former was a morphologically specific population different from the latter. In addition, Nei's genetic distances using allozyme data of the two loci also suggested that the Yudo sample is the farthest distances from all other samples. It is suggested that the singular characteristics of the Yudo population were connected with a later spawning time in this ground than in others.View full abstractDownload PDF (754K) -
Koichi Izumikawa, Takashi Oda, Hideo Yamanoi, Kishio Hatai1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 661-664
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHaliphthoros milfordensis and Halocrusticida panulirata (Oomycetes, Lagenidiales) isolated from diseased greasyback shrimp larvae, Metapenaeus ensis, were examined in order to determine the ability of zoospore formation and their infectivity to greasyback shrimp larvae in diluted seawater at 25°C. The numbers of zoospores released from both species in 2/3 seawater (salinity between 21.3∿21.7‰) were reduced to about (10)2 zoospores/ml from (10)4 zoospores/ml in undiluted seawater (salinity between 32.0∿32.5‰). Experimental infection by bath method showed that oomycetes killed second zoea (mortality 55%) and second mysis (mortality 5.9%) but not post-larval stages in undiluted seawater. In 3/4 seawater (salinity between 24.4∿25.1‰) oomycetes of the two species had low infectivity to the zoea and mysis stages. Judging from these results, it was considered that using diluted seawater at the initial stage of mass producting of greasyback shrimp larvae may be a useful preventive method against mycosis caused by the above species.View full abstractDownload PDF (614K) -
Chitari Ono, Sadaaki Yoshimatsu, Yoichi Yoshida1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 665-672
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationship between the bloom of Chattonella antiqua and water quality or meteorological factors was examined in the southwest part of Harima-nada, by referring to the Meteorological Agency's data (1986-1988). In early August 1986, C. antiqua with comparatively high density of cells occurred in the water with low DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen), DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphorus), and DIN×DIP, and high DON (dissolved organic nitrogen) : DIN, DOP (dissolved organic phosphorus) : DIP, TN (total nitrogen) : DIN, and TP (total phosphorus) : DIP ratios. Then, high density plankton which formed a red tide occurred in the water with low DIN, DIP, and DIN×DIP, and a high DIN : DIP ratio. This occurred in early August 1987 when the meteorological conditions showed high precipitation and low air temperature in mid July, and long sunshine duration and high air temperature in late July. These characteristics of water quality and meteorological factors suggest that the abnormal occurrence of C. antiqua was closely related to a sudden increase in diatoms due to marked rainfall, the subsequent intense consumption of nutrient salts by these plankton, and the utilization of very low concentrations of nutrient salts by C. antiqua.View full abstractDownload PDF (1064K) -
Yoshiki Matsushita, Yoshihiro Inoue, Masahiro Shida, Yukiharu Nojima1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 673-679
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA trawl net of which the codend has the two-level construction of two bags; the upper bag for target species and the lower bag for marine debris, was developed with the bycatch exclusion window (BEW) at the top panel of the upper-bag to reduce bycatch and labor force for on-deck sorting. Fishing experiments of this trawl net were carried out in a coastal trawl fishery in Choshi, Chiba Prefecture. The recovery ratio in weight of the upper bag for target species was over 90%, and that of lower bag for marine debris was about 50%. Thus, the two-level construction of the two bags separated target species from marine debris, and therefore was helpful for fisher's on-deck sorting. Probabilities of fish encountering the BEW and the mesh selection curves were also estimated for several species from the catch data of the experiments. The BEW reduced crimson seabream of body size smaller than marketable size with little loss of target species, southern rough shrimp, although both of the two species had body sizes of enough small to pass through the mesh of BEW. The separation performance of the BEW was attributed mainly to the difference between the two species in encounter probability depending on fish behavior in the codend, as well as the mesh selectivity.View full abstractDownload PDF (897K) -
Toshio Ichimaru, Akinobu Nakazono1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 680-688
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigations were carried out by using the samples caught with set nets, seine nets, and boat seines from 1992 to 1996. Most of the catches with set nets, operated in the near shore, were male in the early fishing season, and according with passage of fishing season the female ratio increased gradually. Eighty percent of the catches with seine nets, operated in the offshore, were female. GSI of females was higher in the catches of the offshore than the near shore. The frequencies of the oocyte diameter showed that ovaries have a small and middle sized oocyte group, and large sized maturing oocyte groups. Ovaries of the offshore catches have large sized oocytes, and ovaries of the near shore catches have small and middle sized oocytes or the transparent oocytes remaining unspwned at the latest spawning. Ninty seven percent of the female catches in the near shore have postovulatory folicles in the ovaries. These results show that the male and female come to the north west coastal waters of Kyusyu in spawning season as separate groups : the male is in the near shore, the female is in the offshore. When ripened, the female go to the near shore for spawning, and immediately after spawning come back to the offshore. The spawning times of C. heterurus doederleini are thought to be at least twice during a spawning season.View full abstractDownload PDF (1016K) -
Ryozo Sato, Nobuhiro Suzuki, Rena Shibata, Masanao Yamamoto1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 689-694
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify homing behavior to the natal spawning ground, disc tagged 104 and 93 adult ocellate puffers were released in each mid-May 1994 and 1995 off Saizaki, Mihara City, Hiroshima Prefecture, adjacent to the Mekari-seto spawning ground in the Seto Inland Sea. In the Seto Inland Sea, 14 tagged individuals were recaptured within 6 months of release, the majority soon after the release. On the other hand, 11 tagged individuals were recaptured in the open sea including areas such as the Yellow Sea, Tsushima Straits, Goto-nada, Genkai-nada and Shibushi Bay from 1 to 22 months after release. At the following spawning season, 10 tagged individuals, five for each year released, were recaptured in areas adjacent to the Mekari-seto, but there was no reports related to any other spawning grounds except 2 individuals recaptured off Hashiri Island. This fact may not deny the possibility of migrating towards Bisan-seto as well as Mekari-seto. These results suggest that the ocellate puffers show homing behavior to the natal spawning ground in general.View full abstractDownload PDF (846K) -
Chikako Watanabe, Takayuki Hanai, Kiyomi Meguro, Ryuta Ogino, Ryo Kimu ...1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 695-702
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpawning biomass of chub mackerel Scomber japonicus was estimated for the Pacific subpopulation off central Japan in 1996 by a daily egg production method. The 451 samples of the adult mackerel used for estimating the biological parameters were collected for April to June in 1996 from the research takes and commerical catch in the waters around Izu-Islands. Spawning frequencies were 9%, 47% and 47% for the respective months. Batch fecundities for the 3 months were 31, 097, 27, 600 and 21, 500 eggs/female. Spawning biomass was estimated to be 35, 000t for June when the spawning activity was highest among the 3 months.View full abstractDownload PDF (920K) -
Kazutoshi Okamoto1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 703-708
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of tagging juveniles of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus with coded microwire tags (CWTs). Feasibility was based on tag retention, and the effect of tagging site and juvenile size on growth and survival. These were evaluated after 20 days in short-term tagging experiments, and after 3-4 months in long-term ones. In the short-term experiments, no significant difference was observed in survival and growth between the control group and the tagged groups (more than 10mm in long carapace width) into which one or two CWTs were injected into the basal muscle of the fifth pereiopod. Tag retention was more than 70% for crabs molted at least twice. In long-term experiments, the tagged crabs grew to commercial size exceeding 110mm in long carapace width. Tag retention was about 90% and 10% for large-size (more than 20mm in long carapace width) and small-size (13mm in long carapace width) start groups, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (690K) -
Etsuro Yamaha, Toshiro Mizuno, Ken Matsushita, Yutaka Hasebe1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 709-717
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to contribute developmental technology, the early embryonic stages during the pre-gastrula were studied by cytological, histological or biochemical viewpoints in goldfish Carassius auratus. Synchronous cleavages occur 9 times every about 30min from 50min to 6h post-fertilization at 20°C, and, thereafter, transpose asynchronous phase, suggesting mid-blastula transition (MBT). This timing is staged as the mid-blastula. Genomic expression of mesodermal markers, goosecoid and no tail, are detected with in situ hybridization assay from 8h post-fertilization. This timing is staged as the late-blastula. Cytoplasmic protrusions as cell movement are ovserved after MBT, and autonomous mixing of blastomeres from the late-blastula stage. Deep cells were produced from the surface part of blastomeres and central part of yolk cell during the late-blastula stage. Marginal yolk syncytial layer forms during the mid-blastula stage, but central yolk syncytial layer forms after the lateblastula stage. This result suggests that each yolk syncytial layer has a different origin of nuclei.View full abstractDownload PDF (1824K) -
Yasuhiko Tago1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 718-727
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe number of ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, larvae drifting seaward was investigated at the Shou River from 1992 to 1996. The main period of seaward drifting of ayu larvae took place from early October to early December and larvae were mainly collected from 18 : 00 to 22 : 00 during the period. The number of ayu larvae drifting seaward during the period was estimated to be 3 to 29 hundred million in a year, and it was supposed that larvae drived from landlocked form, that is Lake Biwa, occupied 5-15% of the total except in 1994. It is considered that the number of ayu larvae was influenced by the water temperature and the water flow of a river before and after the period of beginning of spawning.View full abstractDownload PDF (1020K) -
Yasushi Shiobara, Takafumi Arimoto1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 728-731
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVisual axis of red sea bream Pagrus major was analyzed from the laboratory experiment on the feeding behavior in the dome-shaped tank. Feeding time was measured for the food presented at random on the inside wall of the dome, for 33 different directions of equal distance from the starting gate. The fish was observed to approach the food directly toward the front area of 22.5°concentric circle from the center of the dome, which cover the binocular field of red sea bream. This direct approach was also observed in the area of right/left downward in angles of 67.5°, which fit to the previous results on the visual axis of down-forward direction estimated through the retinal morphology. While, at the downward area below the snout, the visual detection of the food was delayed and not approached directly. This confirms the blind area of red sea bream due to the inclined angle of both eyes against the body axis.View full abstractDownload PDF (581K) -
Katsuji Morioka, Syuhei Sakai, Chie Takegami, Atsushi Obatake1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 732-738
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe seasonal variations in lipids and fatty acid compositions of frigate mackerel Auxis rochei caught off Kochi Prefecture were examined from the viewpoint of the effective utilization of fish wastes. The lipid contents varied from 5.2 to 11.6% for the head, which accounted for about 42% of fish wastes, and from 7.0 to 17.9% for the orbital tissue throughout the year. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was the major unsaturated fatty acid and accounted for more than 22.7% and 24.5% of the total fatty acids in the lipids of the head and orbital tissue, respectively. This result indicated that head portion including the orbital tissue may be useful source of DHA production.View full abstractDownload PDF (746K) -
Hideki Kishimura, Kenji Hayashi1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 739-746
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhospholipase A2 was purified from the pyloric cecum of Asterina pectinifera by delipidation with chloroform-methanol (2 : 1, v/v) followed by gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200, DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-50. The final enzyme preparation was nearly homogeneous in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and its molecular weight was estimated to be approximately 20, 000. The enzyme mainly released oleic acid from 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospocholine. For hydrolysis of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine, the optimum pH and temperature of this enzyme were at around pH 9.0 and 50°C, respectively, and the enzyme was activated by Ca2+. The enzyme rapidly hydrolyzed phosphatidylcholine as the substrate compared with phosphatidylethanolamine. The enzyme did not possess the fatty acid specificity for hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine prepared from squid mantle muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (822K) -
Satoru Yamauchi, Toshio Sawada, Sumio Kawano1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 747-752
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNondestractive determination of fat content in frozen skipjack by near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with fiber optics using the interactance method (400-1100nm) was investigated. As a result of multiple linear regression based on actual fat (range 1-55%) and second derivative value of the absorbance (d2 log (1/R)), good results could be obtained when fat content analyzed using flesh from skin surface to 5mm depth of skipjack was used as a chemical value. The highest multiple correlation coefficient of 0.91 with a standard error of calibration (SEC) of 5.8% was obtained in case of calibration equation with four optical terms including 926nm as the first wavelength. The standard error of prediction (SEP) was 6.4% with a bias of -0.1%. This prediction accuracy was affected by thawing process, because spectrum was changed by melting of ice into water on the skin of fish. However, the fat measuring system mentioned above is still useful for a frozen skipjack.View full abstractDownload PDF (752K) -
Hisaya Imoto, Seiichi Matsui, Norio Onikura, Erika Araki1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 753-754
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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Masumi Machida, Masaki Fujitomi, Kenichi Hasegawa, Takahiro Kudo, Masa ...1999 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 755-756
Published: July 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
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